Integrated field and laboratory characterisation of geomaterial behaviour is critical to foundation analysis and design for a wide range of offshore and onshore infrastructure. Challenges include the need for high-quality sampling, addressing natural and induced micro-to-macro structures, and applying soil and stress states that represent both in-situ and in-service conditions. This paper draws on the Authors’ recent research with stiff glacial till, dense marine sand and low-to-medium density chalk, and focuses particularly on these geomaterials’ mechanical behaviour, from small strains to failure, their anisotropy and response to cyclic loading. It considers a range of in-situ techniques as well as highly instrumented monotonic and cyclic stress-path triaxial experiments and hollow cylinder apparatus tests. The outcomes are shown to have important implications for the analysis of large driven piles under monotonic-and-cyclic, axial-and-lateral loading, and the development of practical design methods. Also highlighted are the needs for approaches that integrate field observations, advanced sampling and laboratory testing, numerical and theoretical modelling.
{"title":"In-situ and laboratory characterisation of stiff and dense geomaterials for driven pile analysis and design","authors":"Tingfa Liu, K. Vinck, E. Ushev, Richard Jardine","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.009323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.009323","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated field and laboratory characterisation of geomaterial behaviour is critical to foundation analysis and design for a wide range of offshore and onshore infrastructure. Challenges include the need for high-quality sampling, addressing natural and induced micro-to-macro structures, and applying soil and stress states that represent both in-situ and in-service conditions. This paper draws on the Authors’ recent research with stiff glacial till, dense marine sand and low-to-medium density chalk, and focuses particularly on these geomaterials’ mechanical behaviour, from small strains to failure, their anisotropy and response to cyclic loading. It considers a range of in-situ techniques as well as highly instrumented monotonic and cyclic stress-path triaxial experiments and hollow cylinder apparatus tests. The outcomes are shown to have important implications for the analysis of large driven piles under monotonic-and-cyclic, axial-and-lateral loading, and the development of practical design methods. Also highlighted are the needs for approaches that integrate field observations, advanced sampling and laboratory testing, numerical and theoretical modelling.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"21 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays engineers are constantly dealing with more complex problems, uncertainty, incomplete data, and demands of customers, governments, environmentalists, and public. This requires technical skills as well as skills in human relations. So, during their academic background it is necessary to incorporate more skills, social and technological, into their base knowledge. This can be accomplished introducing Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Higher Education (HE). Several studies show that the use of ICT in teaching promotes participation, engagement, collaboration, and student interaction, making them more active participants and responsible for their learning. In addition to these advantages, ICT allow to give equal importance to learning processes and to the contents, as the activities offered by ICT allow to the students develop communication skills, teamwork, finding and evaluating information, access, and manipulation of large amounts of data, work with other technologies, update and refine existing skills and knowledge. It was in this context that Guided Exercises emerged. A Guided Exercise permits students to relate models and help them to solve a complex exercise step by step. This strategy was used in two consecutive courses of an undergraduate degree in Civil Engineering, Soil Mechanics I and Soil Mechanics II at the University of Aveiro, Portugal. The results show that students considered the strategy useful for the understanding of the concepts covered in the course. Analysing the students’ academic performance, it can be concluded that those who used this methodology had a better approval ratio. This paper presents data to support these statements.
如今，工程师要不断处理更加复杂的问题、不确定性、不完整的数据以及客户、政府、环保人士和公众的要求。这就需要技术技能和人际关系技能。因此，在他们的学术背景中，有必要将更多的社会和技术技能纳入他们的基础知识中。这可以通过在高等教育（HE）中引入信息与传播技术（ICT）来实现。一些研究表明，在教学中使用信息与传播技术可以促进学生的参与、投入、合作和互动，使他们更积极地参与学习并对学习负责。除了这些优势之外，信息和传播技术还能使学习过程和学习内容得到同等重视，因为信息和传播技术提供的活动能使学生发展交流技能、团队合作、查找和评估信息、获取和处理大量数据、与其他技术合作、更新和完善现有技能和知识。指导性练习正是在这种背景下出现的。指导性练习允许学生将模型联系起来，帮助他们逐步解决复杂的练习。葡萄牙阿威罗大学土木工程本科专业的两门连续课程--土力学 I 和土力学 II--都采用了这一策略。结果表明，学生认为该策略有助于理解课程中涉及的概念。通过分析学生的学习成绩，可以得出结论，使用这种方法的学生的认可率更高。本文提供的数据支持了上述说法。
{"title":"Use of ICT to implement an active learning strategy in soil mechanics courses at undergraduate level","authors":"Joaquim Macedo, Paulo Oliveira","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.007323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.007323","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays engineers are constantly dealing with more complex problems, uncertainty, incomplete data, and demands of customers, governments, environmentalists, and public. This requires technical skills as well as skills in human relations. So, during their academic background it is necessary to incorporate more skills, social and technological, into their base knowledge. This can be accomplished introducing Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Higher Education (HE). Several studies show that the use of ICT in teaching promotes participation, engagement, collaboration, and student interaction, making them more active participants and responsible for their learning. In addition to these advantages, ICT allow to give equal importance to learning processes and to the contents, as the activities offered by ICT allow to the students develop communication skills, teamwork, finding and evaluating information, access, and manipulation of large amounts of data, work with other technologies, update and refine existing skills and knowledge. It was in this context that Guided Exercises emerged. A Guided Exercise permits students to relate models and help them to solve a complex exercise step by step. This strategy was used in two consecutive courses of an undergraduate degree in Civil Engineering, Soil Mechanics I and Soil Mechanics II at the University of Aveiro, Portugal. The results show that students considered the strategy useful for the understanding of the concepts covered in the course. Analysing the students’ academic performance, it can be concluded that those who used this methodology had a better approval ratio. This paper presents data to support these statements.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"322 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Delage, B. Caicedo, Matt Golombek, T. Spohn, C. Schmelzbach, N. Brinkman, E. Marteau, Naomi Murdoch, Nicholas Warner, V. Ansan, B. Banerdt, Juan-Pablo Castillo-Betancourt, P. Edme, Annabel Gomez, M. Grott, Ken Hurst, M. Lemmon, Philippe Lognonné, S. Piqueux, J. Robertsson, D. Sollberger, S. Stähler, N. Verdier, Christos Vrettos, Nathan Williams
The InSight mission is a geophysical mission aimed at better understanding the structure of Mars and of the other rocky planets of the solar system. To do so, a lander accommodating two cameras, a very sensitive seismometer, and a dynamic self-penetrating heat probe nicknamed the mole were placed on the Mars surface by the Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA). Besides geophysical data (which definitely enriched the existing knowledge on the structure of Mars), the InSight instruments significantly increased the knowledge of the geological and geotechnical characteristics of the surface material at the InSight site. Small strain (elastic) parameters were derived from wave velocity measurements during the hammering sessions between the self-penetrating probe and the seismometer. A detailed observation of the soil profile along a depth of 37 cm was made possible thanks to the photos taken by the cameras, and to a detailed analysis of the mole penetration process. Further information was provided by an intense campaign of scraping and piling conducted by the IDA on the surface sand/dust layer. It was shown that the soil profile was composed of a surface 1 cm thick sand/dust layer, overlaying an around 20 cm thick loose duricrust made up of a cohesive matrix containing some pebbles, located above a 12 cm layer of sand overlaying a gravel/sand deposit. It is believed that the geology and soil mechanics data provided by the InSight mission will help for further robotic exploration of Mars.
{"title":"Investigating the Martian soil at the InSight landing site","authors":"P. Delage, B. Caicedo, Matt Golombek, T. Spohn, C. Schmelzbach, N. Brinkman, E. Marteau, Naomi Murdoch, Nicholas Warner, V. Ansan, B. Banerdt, Juan-Pablo Castillo-Betancourt, P. Edme, Annabel Gomez, M. Grott, Ken Hurst, M. Lemmon, Philippe Lognonné, S. Piqueux, J. Robertsson, D. Sollberger, S. Stähler, N. Verdier, Christos Vrettos, Nathan Williams","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.005023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.005023","url":null,"abstract":"The InSight mission is a geophysical mission aimed at better understanding the structure of Mars and of the other rocky planets of the solar system. To do so, a lander accommodating two cameras, a very sensitive seismometer, and a dynamic self-penetrating heat probe nicknamed the mole were placed on the Mars surface by the Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA). Besides geophysical data (which definitely enriched the existing knowledge on the structure of Mars), the InSight instruments significantly increased the knowledge of the geological and geotechnical characteristics of the surface material at the InSight site. Small strain (elastic) parameters were derived from wave velocity measurements during the hammering sessions between the self-penetrating probe and the seismometer. A detailed observation of the soil profile along a depth of 37 cm was made possible thanks to the photos taken by the cameras, and to a detailed analysis of the mole penetration process. Further information was provided by an intense campaign of scraping and piling conducted by the IDA on the surface sand/dust layer. It was shown that the soil profile was composed of a surface 1 cm thick sand/dust layer, overlaying an around 20 cm thick loose duricrust made up of a cohesive matrix containing some pebbles, located above a 12 cm layer of sand overlaying a gravel/sand deposit. It is believed that the geology and soil mechanics data provided by the InSight mission will help for further robotic exploration of Mars.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139960490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses the potential of gamification as a tool for teaching and learning in geotechnical engineering. Gamification involves incorporating elements of gameplay such as challenges, rewards, competition, and cooperation into teaching and learning environments to make the process more interactive and engaging. Although gamification is widely used in many fields, it is still relatively new in geotechnical engineering. This paper presents the ‘Soil Character’ board game developed by the GeoFUN group as an example of successful gamification in geotechnical engineering education. The game focuses on basic soil characterization, including soil classification systems, index properties, and geotechnical characterization tests such as sieving, sedimentation, and Atterberg limits. The paper provides background information on the development of the game, and a description of the game components. The online Portuguese version of the game was tested with eight civil engineering undergraduate students who had successfully undertaken the introductory soil mechanics module. Student’s satisfaction in terms of game design, rules, and gameplay was measured via a questionnaire. Results of the questionnaires showed that the game was well evaluated in all aspects. Student volunteers reported that they felt very motivated, and that they wished they had been able to play the game when they were learning the topic. Thus, results presented in this paper suggest that gamification has the potential to make geotechnical engineering education more interactive and engaging. Exploring the effectiveness of the game in various contexts and with diverse student populations constitutes a key direction for our future research.
{"title":"The development and evaluation of an educational board game on basic geotechnical soil characterization","authors":"Mariana Chrusciak, Hingred Luz, Rebeca Souza, Bruna Lopes","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.003723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.003723","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the potential of gamification as a tool for teaching and learning in geotechnical engineering. Gamification involves incorporating elements of gameplay such as challenges, rewards, competition, and cooperation into teaching and learning environments to make the process more interactive and engaging. Although gamification is widely used in many fields, it is still relatively new in geotechnical engineering. This paper presents the ‘Soil Character’ board game developed by the GeoFUN group as an example of successful gamification in geotechnical engineering education. The game focuses on basic soil characterization, including soil classification systems, index properties, and geotechnical characterization tests such as sieving, sedimentation, and Atterberg limits. The paper provides background information on the development of the game, and a description of the game components. The online Portuguese version of the game was tested with eight civil engineering undergraduate students who had successfully undertaken the introductory soil mechanics module. Student’s satisfaction in terms of game design, rules, and gameplay was measured via a questionnaire. Results of the questionnaires showed that the game was well evaluated in all aspects. Student volunteers reported that they felt very motivated, and that they wished they had been able to play the game when they were learning the topic. Thus, results presented in this paper suggest that gamification has the potential to make geotechnical engineering education more interactive and engaging. Exploring the effectiveness of the game in various contexts and with diverse student populations constitutes a key direction for our future research.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"42 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angélica Rios, Fernando Sguarezi, Cláudia Benatti, J. Lukiantchuki
It is increasingly important to find solutions for the problem of the aluminium anodising industry which generates a large amount of acid and alkaline wastewater, composed of high amounts of phosphates, sulphates, nitrates and aluminium. The sulphate removal trough ettringite precipitation is a simple process and involves a low-cost operating. The ettringite can be also formed during the cement hydration in soil-cement mixtures which causes several damages such as expansion. However, the effect of ettringite on the compressive strength, tensile strength and microstructure have few studies. This paper presents a novel experimental study on the influence of the industrial effluent treatment ettringite in resistance and microstructure of soil-cement mixtures. Experimental tests were performed using natural soil, soil mixed with 5% and 6% of cement and soil mixed with 5% and 6% of cement and ettringite for each material. The resistance of the materials was evaluated by unconfined compressive strength and indirect tensile strength, after 3, 7 and 14 days of cure. Additionally, several characterization tests and microstructure analysis were performed. Regarding the experimental results, the compressive strength and tensile strength decreases about 75% and 85%, respectively, when ettringite was added in soil-cement mixtures. The microstructure of natural soil, soil-cement and soil-cement-ettringite mixtures shows that the addition of cement and ettringite, simultaneously, increases the ettringite crystal formation mainly because the cement functions as a source of sulfate ions contributing with the formation of more crystals. Experimental results indicate that the incorporation of ettringite in soil-cement mixtures is not suitable for geotechnical applications.
{"title":"Influence of industrial effluent treatment ettringite on the compressive and tensile strength and microstructure of soil-cement mixtures","authors":"Angélica Rios, Fernando Sguarezi, Cláudia Benatti, J. Lukiantchuki","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.001023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.001023","url":null,"abstract":"It is increasingly important to find solutions for the problem of the aluminium anodising industry which generates a large amount of acid and alkaline wastewater, composed of high amounts of phosphates, sulphates, nitrates and aluminium. The sulphate removal trough ettringite precipitation is a simple process and involves a low-cost operating. The ettringite can be also formed during the cement hydration in soil-cement mixtures which causes several damages such as expansion. However, the effect of ettringite on the compressive strength, tensile strength and microstructure have few studies. This paper presents a novel experimental study on the influence of the industrial effluent treatment ettringite in resistance and microstructure of soil-cement mixtures. Experimental tests were performed using natural soil, soil mixed with 5% and 6% of cement and soil mixed with 5% and 6% of cement and ettringite for each material. The resistance of the materials was evaluated by unconfined compressive strength and indirect tensile strength, after 3, 7 and 14 days of cure. Additionally, several characterization tests and microstructure analysis were performed. Regarding the experimental results, the compressive strength and tensile strength decreases about 75% and 85%, respectively, when ettringite was added in soil-cement mixtures. The microstructure of natural soil, soil-cement and soil-cement-ettringite mixtures shows that the addition of cement and ettringite, simultaneously, increases the ettringite crystal formation mainly because the cement functions as a source of sulfate ions contributing with the formation of more crystals. Experimental results indicate that the incorporation of ettringite in soil-cement mixtures is not suitable for geotechnical applications.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The important role of the critical state theory in the modern soil mechanics is undeniable. It is true that the number of soil mechanics courses that not cover this subject is progressively decreasing. However, when the critical state theory is introduced, this topic cannot be seen as a simple extension of the classic soil mechanics. On the contrary, it is essential that some significant differences between modern and classic soil mechanics are adequately clarified and understood. This subject is a relevant objective of this paper, besides the large benefits brought by the modern soil mechanics. This discipline, like the mechanics applied to other materials, is fundamentally a preliminary learning to prepare for the professional practice of geotechnical engineering. When the main objective is to teach methods to solve the engineering problems (foundations, excavations, embankments, tunnels, etc.), the matters transmitted to the students are sometimes focused on the geotechnical engineering methods, where, nevertheless, soil mechanics, naturally, has an irreplaceable role. It is true that a design is unique in itself. However, all designs must have in common the same theoretical principles of soil mechanics, regardless of the particularities of the geotechnical design. This cannot be neglected in the modern soil mechanics teaching. Brief ideas concerning where and how soil mechanics has been taught, is also introduced. The fundamentals about plastic design of geotechnical structures are highlighted. The article ends calling attention to the outstanding contribution of the critical state theory for a unified understanding of the soil behavior. Its pedagogic benefits are invaluable.
{"title":"Teaching modern soil mechanics","authors":"Emanuel Maranha das Neves","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.006823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.006823","url":null,"abstract":"The important role of the critical state theory in the modern soil mechanics is undeniable. It is true that the number of soil mechanics courses that not cover this subject is progressively decreasing. However, when the critical state theory is introduced, this topic cannot be seen as a simple extension of the classic soil mechanics. On the contrary, it is essential that some significant differences between modern and classic soil mechanics are adequately clarified and understood. This subject is a relevant objective of this paper, besides the large benefits brought by the modern soil mechanics. This discipline, like the mechanics applied to other materials, is fundamentally a preliminary learning to prepare for the professional practice of geotechnical engineering. When the main objective is to teach methods to solve the engineering problems (foundations, excavations, embankments, tunnels, etc.), the matters transmitted to the students are sometimes focused on the geotechnical engineering methods, where, nevertheless, soil mechanics, naturally, has an irreplaceable role. It is true that a design is unique in itself. However, all designs must have in common the same theoretical principles of soil mechanics, regardless of the particularities of the geotechnical design. This cannot be neglected in the modern soil mechanics teaching. Brief ideas concerning where and how soil mechanics has been taught, is also introduced. The fundamentals about plastic design of geotechnical structures are highlighted. The article ends calling attention to the outstanding contribution of the critical state theory for a unified understanding of the soil behavior. Its pedagogic benefits are invaluable.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The important role of the critical state theory in the modern soil mechanics is undeniable. It is true that the number of soil mechanics courses that not cover this subject is progressively decreasing. However, when the critical state theory is introduced, this topic cannot be seen as a simple extension of the classic soil mechanics. On the contrary, it is essential that some significant differences between modern and classic soil mechanics are adequately clarified and understood. This subject is a relevant objective of this paper, besides the large benefits brought by the modern soil mechanics. This discipline, like the mechanics applied to other materials, is fundamentally a preliminary learning to prepare for the professional practice of geotechnical engineering. When the main objective is to teach methods to solve the engineering problems (foundations, excavations, embankments, tunnels, etc.), the matters transmitted to the students are sometimes focused on the geotechnical engineering methods, where, nevertheless, soil mechanics, naturally, has an irreplaceable role. It is true that a design is unique in itself. However, all designs must have in common the same theoretical principles of soil mechanics, regardless of the particularities of the geotechnical design. This cannot be neglected in the modern soil mechanics teaching. Brief ideas concerning where and how soil mechanics has been taught, is also introduced. The fundamentals about plastic design of geotechnical structures are highlighted. The article ends calling attention to the outstanding contribution of the critical state theory for a unified understanding of the soil behavior. Its pedagogic benefits are invaluable.
{"title":"Teaching modern soil mechanics","authors":"Emanuel Maranha das Neves","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.006823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.006823","url":null,"abstract":"The important role of the critical state theory in the modern soil mechanics is undeniable. It is true that the number of soil mechanics courses that not cover this subject is progressively decreasing. However, when the critical state theory is introduced, this topic cannot be seen as a simple extension of the classic soil mechanics. On the contrary, it is essential that some significant differences between modern and classic soil mechanics are adequately clarified and understood. This subject is a relevant objective of this paper, besides the large benefits brought by the modern soil mechanics. This discipline, like the mechanics applied to other materials, is fundamentally a preliminary learning to prepare for the professional practice of geotechnical engineering. When the main objective is to teach methods to solve the engineering problems (foundations, excavations, embankments, tunnels, etc.), the matters transmitted to the students are sometimes focused on the geotechnical engineering methods, where, nevertheless, soil mechanics, naturally, has an irreplaceable role. It is true that a design is unique in itself. However, all designs must have in common the same theoretical principles of soil mechanics, regardless of the particularities of the geotechnical design. This cannot be neglected in the modern soil mechanics teaching. Brief ideas concerning where and how soil mechanics has been taught, is also introduced. The fundamentals about plastic design of geotechnical structures are highlighted. The article ends calling attention to the outstanding contribution of the critical state theory for a unified understanding of the soil behavior. Its pedagogic benefits are invaluable.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"62 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Norberto, Rafaella Medeiros, Christiane Corrêa, Maria Mariano, José Jucá
Understanding the geotechnical behavior of a municipal solid waste landfill (MSW) requires the filtering of several studies. Regarding the mechanical behavior, there are several discussions about the conditions for the stability maintenance of these structures. This stability depends a priori on the resistance of the compacted material to remain itself stable in a way that it does not generate ruptures or slips. Of various materials compacted found in the MSW landfills, high percentages of fibers (such as plastic, fabric and wood) are verified, these materials have a great influence on the mechanical behavior of the structure. These fibers in turn produce in general an increase in the geotechnical parameters: cohesion (c), friction angle (ϕ) and tensile (ζ), which consequently increase the degree of stability of the landfill. In this context, the present work performed evaluations of the effect of fiber tensile and shear strength in samples of Muribeca’s MSW landfills, the analyzes were performed by laboratory tests using a specimen of aged residues collected in the field, with a deposition age of 10 years. With the collected sample, direct shear tests were performed on 3 different sample proportions of fibers: 0%, 16.17% and 32.33%, in two conditions of test: flooded and non-flooded. From the results obtained in the tensile angles (ζ) in the condition of flooded of 10.2° and 5.0°, for the percentages of 16.17% and 32.33%, respectively.
{"title":"Laboratory tests for evaluation of shear strength and tensile effect generated by fibers present in Muribeca’s landfills of municipal solid waste","authors":"A. Norberto, Rafaella Medeiros, Christiane Corrêa, Maria Mariano, José Jucá","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.008622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.008622","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the geotechnical behavior of a municipal solid waste landfill (MSW) requires the filtering of several studies. Regarding the mechanical behavior, there are several discussions about the conditions for the stability maintenance of these structures. This stability depends a priori on the resistance of the compacted material to remain itself stable in a way that it does not generate ruptures or slips. Of various materials compacted found in the MSW landfills, high percentages of fibers (such as plastic, fabric and wood) are verified, these materials have a great influence on the mechanical behavior of the structure. These fibers in turn produce in general an increase in the geotechnical parameters: cohesion (c), friction angle (ϕ) and tensile (ζ), which consequently increase the degree of stability of the landfill. In this context, the present work performed evaluations of the effect of fiber tensile and shear strength in samples of Muribeca’s MSW landfills, the analyzes were performed by laboratory tests using a specimen of aged residues collected in the field, with a deposition age of 10 years. With the collected sample, direct shear tests were performed on 3 different sample proportions of fibers: 0%, 16.17% and 32.33%, in two conditions of test: flooded and non-flooded. From the results obtained in the tensile angles (ζ) in the condition of flooded of 10.2° and 5.0°, for the percentages of 16.17% and 32.33%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139851793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Norberto, Rafaella Medeiros, Christiane Corrêa, Maria Mariano, José Jucá
Understanding the geotechnical behavior of a municipal solid waste landfill (MSW) requires the filtering of several studies. Regarding the mechanical behavior, there are several discussions about the conditions for the stability maintenance of these structures. This stability depends a priori on the resistance of the compacted material to remain itself stable in a way that it does not generate ruptures or slips. Of various materials compacted found in the MSW landfills, high percentages of fibers (such as plastic, fabric and wood) are verified, these materials have a great influence on the mechanical behavior of the structure. These fibers in turn produce in general an increase in the geotechnical parameters: cohesion (c), friction angle (ϕ) and tensile (ζ), which consequently increase the degree of stability of the landfill. In this context, the present work performed evaluations of the effect of fiber tensile and shear strength in samples of Muribeca’s MSW landfills, the analyzes were performed by laboratory tests using a specimen of aged residues collected in the field, with a deposition age of 10 years. With the collected sample, direct shear tests were performed on 3 different sample proportions of fibers: 0%, 16.17% and 32.33%, in two conditions of test: flooded and non-flooded. From the results obtained in the tensile angles (ζ) in the condition of flooded of 10.2° and 5.0°, for the percentages of 16.17% and 32.33%, respectively.
{"title":"Laboratory tests for evaluation of shear strength and tensile effect generated by fibers present in Muribeca’s landfills of municipal solid waste","authors":"A. Norberto, Rafaella Medeiros, Christiane Corrêa, Maria Mariano, José Jucá","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.008622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.008622","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the geotechnical behavior of a municipal solid waste landfill (MSW) requires the filtering of several studies. Regarding the mechanical behavior, there are several discussions about the conditions for the stability maintenance of these structures. This stability depends a priori on the resistance of the compacted material to remain itself stable in a way that it does not generate ruptures or slips. Of various materials compacted found in the MSW landfills, high percentages of fibers (such as plastic, fabric and wood) are verified, these materials have a great influence on the mechanical behavior of the structure. These fibers in turn produce in general an increase in the geotechnical parameters: cohesion (c), friction angle (ϕ) and tensile (ζ), which consequently increase the degree of stability of the landfill. In this context, the present work performed evaluations of the effect of fiber tensile and shear strength in samples of Muribeca’s MSW landfills, the analyzes were performed by laboratory tests using a specimen of aged residues collected in the field, with a deposition age of 10 years. With the collected sample, direct shear tests were performed on 3 different sample proportions of fibers: 0%, 16.17% and 32.33%, in two conditions of test: flooded and non-flooded. From the results obtained in the tensile angles (ζ) in the condition of flooded of 10.2° and 5.0°, for the percentages of 16.17% and 32.33%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139791905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aser Abbas, Mauro Aimar, M. Yust, Brady Cox, S. Foti
The in-situ small-strain shear modulus of soil and rock materials is a parameter of paramount importance in geotechnical modeling. It can be derived from non-invasive geophysical surveys, which provide the possibility of testing the subsurface in its natural and undisturbed condition by inferring the velocity of propagation of shear waves. In addition, for soil dynamics and earthquake engineering applications, the small-strain damping ratio plays a relevant role, yet its estimation is still challenging, lacking consolidated approaches for its in-situ evaluation. Recent advancements in instrumentation, such as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), combined with advanced analysis methodologies for the interpretation of seismic wave propagation (e.g., machine learning and full waveform inversion), open new frontiers in site characterization. This paper presents and compares some advanced applications of measuring 1D and 2D variations in shear wave velocity and attenuation in-situ with reference to a specific case history.
{"title":"Emerging technologies and advanced analyses for non-invasive near-surface site characterization","authors":"Aser Abbas, Mauro Aimar, M. Yust, Brady Cox, S. Foti","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.006923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.006923","url":null,"abstract":"The in-situ small-strain shear modulus of soil and rock materials is a parameter of paramount importance in geotechnical modeling. It can be derived from non-invasive geophysical surveys, which provide the possibility of testing the subsurface in its natural and undisturbed condition by inferring the velocity of propagation of shear waves. In addition, for soil dynamics and earthquake engineering applications, the small-strain damping ratio plays a relevant role, yet its estimation is still challenging, lacking consolidated approaches for its in-situ evaluation. Recent advancements in instrumentation, such as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), combined with advanced analysis methodologies for the interpretation of seismic wave propagation (e.g., machine learning and full waveform inversion), open new frontiers in site characterization. This paper presents and compares some advanced applications of measuring 1D and 2D variations in shear wave velocity and attenuation in-situ with reference to a specific case history.","PeriodicalId":507352,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":"103 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139801426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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