Pub Date : 2023-02-01Epub Date: 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2276516
Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Gregory E Erhabor, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski
{"title":"Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency.","authors":"Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Gregory E Erhabor, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2023.2276516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2023.2276516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2140826
Božina T, Ganoci L, Karačić E, Šimičević L, Vrkić-Kirhmajer M, Klarica-Domjanović I, Križ T, Sertić Z, Božina N
Background: Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2, ABCG2, are important transporters involved in the transport of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics, including drugs. Genetic polymorphisms of these transporters have effect on transporter activity. There is significant interethnic variability in the frequency of allele variants.
Aim: To determined allele and genotype frequencies of ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 genes in Croatian populations of European descent.
Subjects and methods: A total of 905 subjects (482 women) were included. Genotyping for ABCG2 c.421C > A (rs2231142) and for SLCO1B1 c.521T > C (rs4149056), was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan® DME Genotyping Assays.
Results: For ABCG2 c.421C > A, the frequency of CC, CA and AA genotypes was 81.4%, 17.8% and 0.8% respectively. The frequency of variant ABCG2 421 A allele was 9.7%. For SLCO1B1 c.521T > C, the frequency of TT, TC and CC genotypes was 61.7%, 34.8% and 3.5% respectively. The frequency of variant SLCO1B1 521 C allele was 20.9%.
Conclusion: The frequency of the ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 allelic variants and genotypes in the Croatian population is in accordance with other European populations. Pharmacogenetic analysis can serve to individualise drug therapy and minimise the risk of developing adverse drug reactions.
背景:有机阴离子转运多肽1B1 (OATP1B1)和atp结合盒亚家族G成员2 ABCG2是参与内源性底物和包括药物在内的外源物运输的重要转运体。这些转运蛋白的遗传多态性对转运蛋白的活性有影响。等位基因变异的频率存在显著的种族间变异。目的:测定克罗地亚欧洲血统人群中ABCG2和SLCO1B1基因的等位基因和基因型频率。对象和方法:共纳入905名受试者(女性482名)。ABCG2 C . 421c > A (rs2231142)和SLCO1B1 C . 521t > C (rs4149056)采用TaqMan®DME基因分型方法进行实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)分型。结果:在ABCG2 c.421C > A中,CC、CA和AA基因型的频率分别为81.4%、17.8%和0.8%。变异ABCG2 421a等位基因的频率为9.7%。SLCO1B1 C . 521t > C的TT、TC和CC基因型频率分别为61.7%、34.8%和3.5%。变异SLCO1B1 521c等位基因的频率为20.9%。结论:克罗地亚人群中ABCG2和SLCO1B1等位基因变异和基因型的频率与其他欧洲人群一致。药物遗传学分析可以用于个体化药物治疗,并将药物不良反应的风险降至最低。
{"title":"<i>ABCG2</i> and <i>SLCO1B1</i> gene polymorphisms in the Croatian population.","authors":"Božina T, Ganoci L, Karačić E, Šimičević L, Vrkić-Kirhmajer M, Klarica-Domjanović I, Križ T, Sertić Z, Božina N","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2140826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2140826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2, ABCG2, are important transporters involved in the transport of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics, including drugs. Genetic polymorphisms of these transporters have effect on transporter activity. There is significant interethnic variability in the frequency of allele variants.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determined allele and genotype frequencies of <i>ABCG2</i> and <i>SLCO1B1</i> genes in Croatian populations of European descent.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A total of 905 subjects (482 women) were included. Genotyping for <i>ABCG2</i> c.421C > A (rs2231142) and for <i>SLCO1B1</i> c.521T > C (rs4149056), was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan<sup>®</sup> DME Genotyping Assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For <i>ABCG2</i> c.421C > A, the frequency of CC, CA and AA genotypes was 81.4%, 17.8% and 0.8% respectively. The frequency of variant <i>ABCG2</i> 421 A allele was 9.7%. For <i>SLCO1B1</i> c.521T > C, the frequency of TT, TC and CC genotypes was 61.7%, 34.8% and 3.5% respectively. The frequency of variant <i>SLCO1B1</i> 521 C allele was 20.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frequency of the ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 allelic variants and genotypes in the Croatian population is in accordance with other European populations. Pharmacogenetic analysis can serve to individualise drug therapy and minimise the risk of developing adverse drug reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9095803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2147585
Nie Yen Low, Chin Yi Chan, Shaanthana Subramaniam, Kok-Yong Chin, Soelaiman Ima Nirwana, Norliza Muhammad, Ahmad Fairus, Pei Yuen Ng, Nor Aini Jamil, Noorazah Abd Aziz, Norazlina Mohamed
Background: Body mass index (BMI) is a widely used surrogate tool to screen for obesity/adiposity, but it cannot differentiate between lean and fat mass. Thus, alternative tools to detect excess adiposity should be identified.
Aim: This study aimed to compare the performance of BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) in predicting Malaysians with excess body fat defined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
Subjects and methods: A total of 399 men and women aged ≥40 years were recruited from Klang Valley, Malaysia. The body composition of the subjects, including body fat percentage, was measured by DXA. The weight, height, WC and WHtR of the subjects were also determined.
Results: BMI [sensitivity = 55.7%, specificity = 86.1%, area under curve (AUC) = 0.709] and WC (sensitivity = 62.7%, specificity = 90.3%, AUC = 0.765) performed moderately in predicting excess adiposity. Their performance and sensitivity improved with lower cut-off values. The performance of WHtR (sensitivity = 96.6%, specificity = 36.1, AUC = 0.664) was optimal at the standard cut-off value and no modification was required.
Conclusion: The performance of WC in identifying excess adiposity was greater than BMI and WHtR based on AUC values. Modification of cut-off values for BMI and WC could improve their performance and should be considered by healthcare providers in screening individuals with excess adiposity.
{"title":"Comparing the performance of body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in predicting Malaysians with excess adiposity.","authors":"Nie Yen Low, Chin Yi Chan, Shaanthana Subramaniam, Kok-Yong Chin, Soelaiman Ima Nirwana, Norliza Muhammad, Ahmad Fairus, Pei Yuen Ng, Nor Aini Jamil, Noorazah Abd Aziz, Norazlina Mohamed","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2147585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2147585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body mass index (BMI) is a widely used surrogate tool to screen for obesity/adiposity, but it cannot differentiate between lean and fat mass. Thus, alternative tools to detect excess adiposity should be identified.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the performance of BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) in predicting Malaysians with excess body fat defined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A total of 399 men and women aged ≥40 years were recruited from Klang Valley, Malaysia. The body composition of the subjects, including body fat percentage, was measured by DXA. The weight, height, WC and WHtR of the subjects were also determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMI [sensitivity = 55.7%, specificity = 86.1%, area under curve (AUC) = 0.709] and WC (sensitivity = 62.7%, specificity = 90.3%, AUC = 0.765) performed moderately in predicting excess adiposity. Their performance and sensitivity improved with lower cut-off values. The performance of WHtR (sensitivity = 96.6%, specificity = 36.1, AUC = 0.664) was optimal at the standard cut-off value and no modification was required.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The performance of WC in identifying excess adiposity was greater than BMI and WHtR based on AUC values. Modification of cut-off values for BMI and WC could improve their performance and should be considered by healthcare providers in screening individuals with excess adiposity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10869726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2131334
Zheng Ren, Yuhang Feng, Hongling Zhang, Qiyan Wang, Meiqing Yang, Yubo Liu, Cuiyun Le, Jie Wang, Jiang Huang
Background: Dong people in Southwest China are officially recognised as an ethnic group, but there has been a lack of population genetic research on this group, especially based on mitochondrial DNA data.
Aim: To study the sequences and haplogroups of the mitochondrial DNA control region in a typical Dong population, and to provide help for the construction of a forensic mitochondrial DNA analysis reference database in East Asia.
Subjects and methods: The sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region were analysed in 200 individuals of Dong in Guizhou. The haplotype frequencies, haplogroup distribution and paired Fst values of Guizhou Dong and 51 other populations in the world were calculated and explained to explore the genetic polymorphism and population relationships.
Results: A total of 180 haplotypes were detected, with frequencies of 0.005-0.02. All haplotypes were assigned to 97 different haplogroups. The haplotype diversity and random matching probability were 0.998643 and 0.00635, respectively. The paired Fst values and correlation p values of 52 populations showed that the Guizhou Dong had the closest genetic relationship with the Henan Han and the Guizhou Miao in China, and were closest to the Punjab population in Pakistan and the Kashmiri population when compared with the world populations.
Conclusions: Our study was based on the matrilineal genetic structure of Guizhou Dong to study mitochondrial DNA, which was helpful to promote the establishment of the forensic DNA reference database in East Asia and provide reference for anthropological research.
{"title":"Genetic analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region in Tai-Kadai-speaking Dong population in southwest China.","authors":"Zheng Ren, Yuhang Feng, Hongling Zhang, Qiyan Wang, Meiqing Yang, Yubo Liu, Cuiyun Le, Jie Wang, Jiang Huang","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2131334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2131334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dong people in Southwest China are officially recognised as an ethnic group, but there has been a lack of population genetic research on this group, especially based on mitochondrial DNA data.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the sequences and haplogroups of the mitochondrial DNA control region in a typical Dong population, and to provide help for the construction of a forensic mitochondrial DNA analysis reference database in East Asia.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region were analysed in 200 individuals of Dong in Guizhou. The haplotype frequencies, haplogroup distribution and paired Fst values of Guizhou Dong and 51 other populations in the world were calculated and explained to explore the genetic polymorphism and population relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 180 haplotypes were detected, with frequencies of 0.005-0.02. All haplotypes were assigned to 97 different haplogroups. The haplotype diversity and random matching probability were 0.998643 and 0.00635, respectively. The paired Fst values and correlation <i>p</i> values of 52 populations showed that the Guizhou Dong had the closest genetic relationship with the Henan Han and the Guizhou Miao in China, and were closest to the Punjab population in Pakistan and the Kashmiri population when compared with the world populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study was based on the matrilineal genetic structure of Guizhou Dong to study mitochondrial DNA, which was helpful to promote the establishment of the forensic DNA reference database in East Asia and provide reference for anthropological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9360068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2144945
Juan Reyes-Barrera, Aida X Medina-Urrutia, Horacio Osorio-Alonso, Esteban Jorge-Galarza, Gabriela Olvera-Mayorga, Néstor A Sánchez-Ortiz, Abraham S Arellano-Buendía, José E Márquez-García, Felipe Santibáñez-Escobar, Elizabeth Pérez-Rodríguez, Margarita Torres-Tamayo, Omar Granados-Portillo, Ivan Torre-Villalvazo, Juan G Juárez-Rojas
Background: Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and resistin are associated with dysfunctional adipose tissue (AT)-related metabolic complications. The role of dietary eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids in this relationship is unknown.
Aim: To investigate the association of EPA and DHA with PAI-1 and resistin, as well as the role of this association on the glucose metabolism of apparently healthy subjects.
Subjects and methods: Thirty-six healthy individuals were included. Validated food frequency questionnaires were used to analyse dietary habits. Inflammatory and glucose metabolism markers were quantified. Subcutaneous AT samples were obtained, and adipocyte number, area, and macrophage content were assessed.
Results: In 36 subjects aged 56 ± 8 years and with a body mass index of 26 ± 4 kg/m2, logEPA, and logDHA showed significant association with logresistin and a marginal association with PAI-1. Adipocyte number, area, and lognumber of macrophages per adipocyte significantly correlated with PAI-1 but not with logresistin. Although logEPA and logDHA were independently associated with loginsulin, loginsulin resistance, and C-Peptide, the addition of logresistin, but not of PAI-1, into the multivariable model, abolished the associations.
Conclusions: EPA and DHA could modulate glucose metabolism across AT functional states. Our data indicate that this association is independent of other metabolic risk factors.
{"title":"Self-reported dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with adipose tissue markers and glucose metabolism in apparently healthy subjects.","authors":"Juan Reyes-Barrera, Aida X Medina-Urrutia, Horacio Osorio-Alonso, Esteban Jorge-Galarza, Gabriela Olvera-Mayorga, Néstor A Sánchez-Ortiz, Abraham S Arellano-Buendía, José E Márquez-García, Felipe Santibáñez-Escobar, Elizabeth Pérez-Rodríguez, Margarita Torres-Tamayo, Omar Granados-Portillo, Ivan Torre-Villalvazo, Juan G Juárez-Rojas","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2144945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2144945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and resistin are associated with dysfunctional adipose tissue (AT)-related metabolic complications. The role of dietary eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids in this relationship is unknown.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the association of EPA and DHA with PAI-1 and resistin, as well as the role of this association on the glucose metabolism of apparently healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Thirty-six healthy individuals were included. Validated food frequency questionnaires were used to analyse dietary habits. Inflammatory and glucose metabolism markers were quantified. Subcutaneous AT samples were obtained, and adipocyte number, area, and macrophage content were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 36 subjects aged 56 ± 8 years and with a body mass index of 26 ± 4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, <sub>log</sub>EPA, and <sub>log</sub>DHA showed significant association with <sub>log</sub>resistin and a marginal association with PAI-1. Adipocyte number, area, and <sub>log</sub>number of macrophages per adipocyte significantly correlated with PAI-1 but not with <sub>log</sub>resistin. Although <sub>log</sub>EPA and <sub>log</sub>DHA were independently associated with <sub>log</sub>insulin, <sub>log</sub>insulin resistance, and C-Peptide, the addition of <sub>log</sub>resistin, but not of PAI-1, into the multivariable model, abolished the associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EPA and DHA could modulate glucose metabolism across AT functional states. Our data indicate that this association is independent of other metabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10811372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2136755
Abir Mejri, Miriam Baeta, Rim Al-Haj-Taib, Rene J Herrera, Amel Benammar-Elgaaied, Marian M de Pancorbo, Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid
Background: Tunisia has a complex demographic history of migrations from within Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. However, only one population study based on X-STR markers has been reported so far.
Aim: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 17 X-STRs in two Tunisian populations from the cities of Sousse and Makthar, and to reveal the genetic relationships with other reference populations.
Subjects and methods: A total of 194 unrelated healthy individuals were analysed for 17 X-STR markers.
Results: Our results indicate that DXS6809 is the most polymorphic locus, whereas DXS6807 is the least informative marker in the populations of Sousse and Makthar. In addition, forensic statistical parameters, such as the power of discrimination in males and females, as well as the mean of exclusion in duos and trios, reveal that the panel of 17 X-STRs is highly informative and useful in different forensic applications. Overall, pairwise genetic distances (Fst) and non-metric MDS plots demonstrate clustering of different populations according to their geographic locations and their historical relationships.
Conclusion: Overall, the study of X-STR markers of the Tunisian populations can help to promote the establishment of a forensic DNA reference database in Tunisia and provide reference for future anthropological research.
{"title":"Genetic polymorphisms of 17 X-STR loci in two Tunisian populations from Sousse and Makthar.","authors":"Abir Mejri, Miriam Baeta, Rim Al-Haj-Taib, Rene J Herrera, Amel Benammar-Elgaaied, Marian M de Pancorbo, Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2136755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2136755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tunisia has a complex demographic history of migrations from within Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. However, only one population study based on X-STR markers has been reported so far.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 17 X-STRs in two Tunisian populations from the cities of Sousse and Makthar, and to reveal the genetic relationships with other reference populations.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A total of 194 unrelated healthy individuals were analysed for 17 X-STR markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that DXS6809 is the most polymorphic locus, whereas DXS6807 is the least informative marker in the populations of Sousse and Makthar. In addition, forensic statistical parameters, such as the power of discrimination in males and females, as well as the mean of exclusion in duos and trios, reveal that the panel of 17 X-STRs is highly informative and useful in different forensic applications. Overall, pairwise genetic distances (Fst) and non-metric MDS plots demonstrate clustering of different populations according to their geographic locations and their historical relationships.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the study of X-STR markers of the Tunisian populations can help to promote the establishment of a forensic DNA reference database in Tunisia and provide reference for future anthropological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10853256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2129091
Chris Towlson, Sean P Cumming
Maturity-related selection biases are engrained within professional academy soccer programmes. The process of grouping of children by biological maturity ("bio-banding"), rather than age is not new. However, practice of bio-banding is becoming increasingly popular with youth soccer development programmes where maturity-related differences in size and athleticism have been cited as key mechanisms behind the over-selection of early over late maturing players. However, the objectives of bio-banding require further clarity to avoid a disconnect between contemporary academic evidence and present and future practitioner practice. Therefore, the purpose of this commentary is to 1) provide a concise overview of the literature (to date), 2) identify possible applications of bio-banding to permit more informed decisions relating to the evaluation and management of young soccer players and (3) propose future directions for both research and applied practice.
{"title":"Bio-banding in soccer: past, present, and future.","authors":"Chris Towlson, Sean P Cumming","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2129091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2129091","url":null,"abstract":"Maturity-related selection biases are engrained within professional academy soccer programmes. The process of grouping of children by biological maturity (\"bio-banding\"), rather than age is not new. However, practice of bio-banding is becoming increasingly popular with youth soccer development programmes where maturity-related differences in size and athleticism have been cited as key mechanisms behind the over-selection of early over late maturing players. However, the objectives of bio-banding require further clarity to avoid a disconnect between contemporary academic evidence and present and future practitioner practice. Therefore, the purpose of this commentary is to 1) provide a concise overview of the literature (to date), 2) identify possible applications of bio-banding to permit more informed decisions relating to the evaluation and management of young soccer players and (3) propose future directions for both research and applied practice.","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2134452
Debora Stabile Romero Amais, Tainara Emilia Rodrigues da Silva, Beatriz Amstalden Barros, Juliana Gabriel Ribeiro de Andrade, Sofia Helena Valente de Lemos-Marini, Maricilda Palandi de Mello, Antonia Paula Marques- de-Faria, Tais Nitsch Mazzola, Mara Sanches Guaragna, Helena Fabbri-Scallet, Tarsis Antonio Paiva Vieira, Nilma Lucia Viguetti-Campos, Andre Moreno Morcillo, Olaf Hiort, Andrea Trevas Maciel-Guerra, Gil Guerra-Junior
Background: Males have higher weight and length at birth than females.
Aim: To verify the influence of the Y chromosome and the action of intrauterine androgens on weight and length at birth of children with Disorders of Sex Development (DSD).
Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study. Patients with Turner syndrome (TS), complete (XX and XY), mixed (45,X/46,XY) and partial (XY) gonadal dysgenesis (GD), complete (CAIS) and partial (PAIS) androgen insensitivity syndromes and XX and XY congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were included. Weight and length at birth were evaluated.
Results: Weight and length at birth were lower in TS and mixed GD when compared to XY and XX DSD cases. In turn, patients with increased androgen action (117 cases) had higher weight and length at birth when compared to those with absent (108 cases) and decreased (68 cases) production/action. In birthweight, there was a negative influence of the 45,X/46,XY karyotype and a positive influence of increased androgen and gestational age. In birth length, there was a negative influence of the 45,X and 45,X/46,XY karyotypes and also a positive influence of increased androgen and gestational age.
Conclusions: The sex dimorphism of weight and length at birth could possibly be influenced by intrauterine androgenic action.
{"title":"Sex dimorphism of weight and length at birth: evidence based on disorders of sex development.","authors":"Debora Stabile Romero Amais, Tainara Emilia Rodrigues da Silva, Beatriz Amstalden Barros, Juliana Gabriel Ribeiro de Andrade, Sofia Helena Valente de Lemos-Marini, Maricilda Palandi de Mello, Antonia Paula Marques- de-Faria, Tais Nitsch Mazzola, Mara Sanches Guaragna, Helena Fabbri-Scallet, Tarsis Antonio Paiva Vieira, Nilma Lucia Viguetti-Campos, Andre Moreno Morcillo, Olaf Hiort, Andrea Trevas Maciel-Guerra, Gil Guerra-Junior","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2134452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2134452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Males have higher weight and length at birth than females.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To verify the influence of the Y chromosome and the action of intrauterine androgens on weight and length at birth of children with Disorders of Sex Development (DSD).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional and retrospective study. Patients with Turner syndrome (TS), complete (XX and XY), mixed (45,X/46,XY) and partial (XY) gonadal dysgenesis (GD), complete (CAIS) and partial (PAIS) androgen insensitivity syndromes and XX and XY congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were included. Weight and length at birth were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weight and length at birth were lower in TS and mixed GD when compared to XY and XX DSD cases. In turn, patients with increased androgen action (117 cases) had higher weight and length at birth when compared to those with absent (108 cases) and decreased (68 cases) production/action. In birthweight, there was a negative influence of the 45,X/46,XY karyotype and a positive influence of increased androgen and gestational age. In birth length, there was a negative influence of the 45,X and 45,X/46,XY karyotypes and also a positive influence of increased androgen and gestational age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sex dimorphism of weight and length at birth could possibly be influenced by intrauterine androgenic action.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10811350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2134453
Parviz Azimnasab-Sorkhabi, Maryam Soltani-Asl, José Roberto Kfoury, Petra Algenstaedt, Hakan Farzin Mehmetzade, Yashar Hashemi Aghdam
Background: Diabetes comprises a serious disease with significant growth in the number of cases in recent years. Here, we cover the gap in information between leptin (LEP) and type 1 diabetes in the Iranian population.
Aim: To recognise LEP G2548A and LEP receptor Q223R polymorphisms in Iranian people and their association with type 1 diabetes susceptibility.
Subjects and methods: Characteristics such as fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured in 80 control non-diabetic individuals and 89 diabetic patients. Moreover, LEP G2548A and LEP receptor Q223R polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.
Results: The frequency of the A allele was nearly three times greater in diabetes patients than in the control group. In addition, in the diabetes group, the AA genotype was five times greater than in the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, AA and AA + AG genotype models had higher FBS levels than the GG + AG and GG genotype models, respectively (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The LEP G2548A polymorphism could be related to type 1 diabetes susceptibility, but not LEPR Q223R polymorphism in the Iranian population. Importantly, further studies are essential to examine the impact of LEP G2548A and LEPR Q223R polymorphisms in the endocrinology area.
{"title":"The impact of leptin and its receptor polymorphisms on type 1 diabetes in a population of northwest Iran.","authors":"Parviz Azimnasab-Sorkhabi, Maryam Soltani-Asl, José Roberto Kfoury, Petra Algenstaedt, Hakan Farzin Mehmetzade, Yashar Hashemi Aghdam","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2134453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2134453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes comprises a serious disease with significant growth in the number of cases in recent years. Here, we cover the gap in information between leptin (LEP) and type 1 diabetes in the Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To recognise LEP G2548A and LEP receptor Q223R polymorphisms in Iranian people and their association with type 1 diabetes susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Characteristics such as fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured in 80 control non-diabetic individuals and 89 diabetic patients. Moreover, LEP G2548A and LEP receptor Q223R polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of the A allele was nearly three times greater in diabetes patients than in the control group. In addition, in the diabetes group, the AA genotype was five times greater than in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, AA and AA + AG genotype models had higher FBS levels than the GG + AG and GG genotype models, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LEP G2548A polymorphism could be related to type 1 diabetes susceptibility, but not LEPR Q223R polymorphism in the Iranian population. Importantly, further studies are essential to examine the impact of LEP G2548A and LEPR Q223R polymorphisms in the endocrinology area.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10811351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2141854
Xiufeng Zhang, Jing Li, Jingtao Wen
Background: The Va (also called "Wa") people are an ethnic minority living mainly in the southwest of Yunnan Province.
Aim: This study was conducted to obtain the genetic information and forensic statistical parameters of 15 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci included in the AmpFlSTR®Identifiler™ kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) in the Yunnan Va population, with a view to enriching the genetic databases of the Chinese Va population.
Subjects and methods: A total of 508 unrelated Chinese Va individuals were genotyped with this 15 STR kit, the genetic polymorphisms and associated forensic parameters were calculated. The genetic relationships between Chinese Va and 26 other Chinese populations were also evaluated.
Results: All of the STR loci reached the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. A total of 159 alleles were observed with allele frequencies ranging from 0.000984 to 0.606299. The combined discrimination power (CDP) and the cumulative probability of excluding (CPE) of the 15 STR loci were 0.999 999 999 999 999 988 126 and 0.999 995 734, respectively. Our results indicated that the geographically adjacent or ethnically close populations showed a higher genetic affinity.
Conclusions: The results of this study will enrich the forensic databases of the Chinese Va population and could be applied in forensic analysis.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of 15 STR loci in Yunnan Va ethnic minority and the phylogenetic relationships with 26 other populations.","authors":"Xiufeng Zhang, Jing Li, Jingtao Wen","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2022.2141854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2022.2141854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Va (also called \"Wa\") people are an ethnic minority living mainly in the southwest of Yunnan Province.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was conducted to obtain the genetic information and forensic statistical parameters of 15 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci included in the AmpFlSTR<sup>®</sup>Identifiler™ kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) in the Yunnan Va population, with a view to enriching the genetic databases of the Chinese Va population.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A total of 508 unrelated Chinese Va individuals were genotyped with this 15 STR kit, the genetic polymorphisms and associated forensic parameters were calculated. The genetic relationships between Chinese Va and 26 other Chinese populations were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the STR loci reached the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. A total of 159 alleles were observed with allele frequencies ranging from 0.000984 to 0.606299. The combined discrimination power (CDP) and the cumulative probability of excluding (CPE) of the 15 STR loci were 0.999 999 999 999 999 988 126 and 0.999 995 734, respectively. Our results indicated that the geographically adjacent or ethnically close populations showed a higher genetic affinity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study will enrich the forensic databases of the Chinese Va population and could be applied in forensic analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10801436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}