Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022246
Khai Wei Tan, Jeremy Kaiwei Lew, P. S. Lee, Sin Kee Ong, Hui Li Koh, D. Young, Eng Sing Lee
INTRODUCTION Studies of concordance between patients' self-report of diseases and a criterion standard (e.g. chart review) are usually conducted in epidemiological studies to evaluate the agreement of self-reported data for use in public health research. To our knowledge, there are no published studies on concordance for highly prevalent chronic diseases such as diabetes and pre-diabetes. The aims of this study were to evaluate the concordance between patients' self-report and their medical records of diabetes and pre-diabetes diagnoses, and to identify factors associated with diabetes concordance. METHOD A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted on patients with chronic diseases after obtaining written consent to assess their medical notes. Interviewers were blinded to the participants' profiles. Concordance was evaluated using Cohen's kappa (κ). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with diabetes concordance. RESULTS There was substantial agreement between self-reported and medical records of diabetes diagnoses (κ=0.76) and fair agreement for pre-diabetes diagnoses (κ=0.36). The logistic regression model suggested that non-Chinese patients had higher odds of diabetes concordance than Chinese patients (odds ratio [OR]=4.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-14.13, P=0.03). Patients with 3 or more chronic diseases (i.e. multimorbidity) had lower odds of diabetes concordance than patients without multimorbidity (OR=0.21, 95% CI 0.09-0.48, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Diabetes concordance was substantial, supporting the use of self-report of diabetes by patients with chronic diseases in the primary care setting for future research. Pre-diabetes concordance was fair and may have important clinical implications. Further studies to explore and improve health literacy and patient-physician communication are needed.
{"title":"Concordance of self-reporting of diabetes compared with medical records: A comparative study using polyclinic data in Singapore.","authors":"Khai Wei Tan, Jeremy Kaiwei Lew, P. S. Lee, Sin Kee Ong, Hui Li Koh, D. Young, Eng Sing Lee","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022246","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Studies of concordance between patients' self-report of diseases and a criterion standard (e.g. chart review) are usually conducted in epidemiological studies to evaluate the agreement of self-reported data for use in public health research. To our knowledge, there are no published studies on concordance for highly prevalent chronic diseases such as diabetes and pre-diabetes. The aims of this study were to evaluate the concordance between patients' self-report and their medical records of diabetes and pre-diabetes diagnoses, and to identify factors associated with diabetes concordance.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted on patients with chronic diseases after obtaining written consent to assess their medical notes. Interviewers were blinded to the participants' profiles. Concordance was evaluated using Cohen's kappa (κ). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with diabetes concordance.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000There was substantial agreement between self-reported and medical records of diabetes diagnoses (κ=0.76) and fair agreement for pre-diabetes diagnoses (κ=0.36). The logistic regression model suggested that non-Chinese patients had higher odds of diabetes concordance than Chinese patients (odds ratio [OR]=4.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-14.13, P=0.03). Patients with 3 or more chronic diseases (i.e. multimorbidity) had lower odds of diabetes concordance than patients without multimorbidity (OR=0.21, 95% CI 0.09-0.48, P<0.001).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Diabetes concordance was substantial, supporting the use of self-report of diabetes by patients with chronic diseases in the primary care setting for future research. Pre-diabetes concordance was fair and may have important clinical implications. Further studies to explore and improve health literacy and patient-physician communication are needed.","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 2 1","pages":"62-70"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45529328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022195
S. Tan, L. P. Tham
{"title":"Safety and effectiveness of nitrous oxide procedural sedation in a paediatric emergency department.","authors":"S. Tan, L. P. Tham","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022195","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 2 1","pages":"100-104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44106518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diabetes: Know thy foe.","authors":"Peng Yong Andrew Wong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 2","pages":"57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9136717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022334
Xi-wei Yuan, B. W. Wong, N. Randhawa, Thu PP Win, Y. Chan, Li Ma, E. Yong
INTRODUCTION To compare epidemiological features and clinical presentations of deep infiltrating endometriosis with endometrioma and adenomyosis, as well as to identify risk factors for the respective histologically confirmed conditions. METHOD Patients undergoing index surgery at the National University Hospital, Singapore for endometriosis or adenomyosis over a 7-year period-from 2015 to 2021-were identified from hospital databases using the Table of Surgical Procedures coding. Social and epidemiological features of cases with histologically confirmed diagnoses of endometrioma only, adenomyosis only, and deep infiltrating endometriosis were compared. Significant variables from univariate analysis were entered into 3 binary multivariate logistic regression models to obtain independent risk factors for: deep infiltrating endometriosis versus endometrioma only, deep infiltrating endometriosis versus adenomyosis only, and adenomyosis only versus endometrioma only. RESULTS A total of 258 patients were included with 59 ovarian endometrioma only, 47 adenomyosis only, and 152 deep infiltrating endometrioses. Compared to endometrioma only, deep infiltrating endometriosis was associated with higher rates of severe dysmenorrhoea (odds ratio [OR] 2.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-7.70) and out-of-pocket private surgical care (OR 4.72, 95% CI 1.85-12.04). Compared to adenomyosis only, deep infiltrating endometriosis was associated with a higher fertility desire (OR 13.47, 95% CI 1.01-180.59) and a lower body mass index (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.79-0.99). In contrast, heavy menstrual bleeding was the hallmark of adenomyosis, being less common in patients with endometriosis. CONCLUSION Deep infiltrating endometriosis is associated with severe dysmenorrhoea, pain related to urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, higher fertility desire and infertility rate. Patients with pain symptomatology and subfertility should be referred early to a tertiary centre with the capability to diagnose and manage deep infiltrating endometriosis.
目的:比较深浸润性子宫内膜异位症与子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌症的流行病学特征和临床表现，并确定各自组织学证实的危险因素。方法使用手术程序表编码从医院数据库中识别2015年至2021年7年间在新加坡国立大学医院接受子宫内膜异位症或子宫腺肌症手术的患者。比较组织学确诊为单纯子宫内膜异位症、单纯子宫内膜异位症和深浸润性子宫内膜异位症的社会和流行病学特征。将单因素分析的显著变量纳入3个二元多因素logistic回归模型，获得深度浸润性子宫内膜异位症与单纯子宫内膜异位症、深度浸润性子宫内膜异位症与单纯子宫腺肌症、单纯子宫腺肌症与单纯子宫内膜异位症的独立危险因素。结果共纳入258例患者，其中卵巢子宫内膜异位症59例，子宫内膜异位症47例，深浸润性子宫内膜异位症152例。与单纯的子宫内膜异位症相比，深度浸润性子宫内膜异位症与更高的严重痛经发生率(比值比[OR] 2.80, 95%可信区间[CI] 1.02-7.70)和自费私人手术护理(比值比[OR] 4.72, 95% CI 1.85-12.04)相关。与仅子宫腺肌症相比，深度浸润性子宫内膜异位症与较高的生育意愿(OR 13.47, 95% CI 1.01-180.59)和较低的体重指数(OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.79-0.99)相关。相比之下，大量月经出血是子宫腺肌症的标志，在子宫内膜异位症患者中不太常见。结论深浸润性子宫内膜异位症伴严重痛经、泌尿道及胃肠道疼痛、生育意愿高、不孕率高。有疼痛症状和生育能力低下的患者应尽早转诊到有能力诊断和处理深浸润性子宫内膜异位症的三级中心。
{"title":"Factors associated with deep infiltrating endometriosis, adenomyosis and ovarian endometrioma.","authors":"Xi-wei Yuan, B. W. Wong, N. Randhawa, Thu PP Win, Y. Chan, Li Ma, E. Yong","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022334","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000To compare epidemiological features and clinical presentations of deep infiltrating endometriosis with endometrioma and adenomyosis, as well as to identify risk factors for the respective histologically confirmed conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000Patients undergoing index surgery at the National University Hospital, Singapore for endometriosis or adenomyosis over a 7-year period-from 2015 to 2021-were identified from hospital databases using the Table of Surgical Procedures coding. Social and epidemiological features of cases with histologically confirmed diagnoses of endometrioma only, adenomyosis only, and deep infiltrating endometriosis were compared. Significant variables from univariate analysis were entered into 3 binary multivariate logistic regression models to obtain independent risk factors for: deep infiltrating endometriosis versus endometrioma only, deep infiltrating endometriosis versus adenomyosis only, and adenomyosis only versus endometrioma only.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000A total of 258 patients were included with 59 ovarian endometrioma only, 47 adenomyosis only, and 152 deep infiltrating endometrioses. Compared to endometrioma only, deep infiltrating endometriosis was associated with higher rates of severe dysmenorrhoea (odds ratio [OR] 2.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-7.70) and out-of-pocket private surgical care (OR 4.72, 95% CI 1.85-12.04). Compared to adenomyosis only, deep infiltrating endometriosis was associated with a higher fertility desire (OR 13.47, 95% CI 1.01-180.59) and a lower body mass index (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.79-0.99). In contrast, heavy menstrual bleeding was the hallmark of adenomyosis, being less common in patients with endometriosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Deep infiltrating endometriosis is associated with severe dysmenorrhoea, pain related to urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, higher fertility desire and infertility rate. Patients with pain symptomatology and subfertility should be referred early to a tertiary centre with the capability to diagnose and manage deep infiltrating endometriosis.","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 2 1","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44760100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022290
Ruth Xian Lynn Yap, B. P. Leung, H. Howe, Mung Ee Loh, B. Young, B. Fan, X. Lim
INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of information on the cytokine, complement, endothelial activation, and coagulation profiles of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A), a rare but serious complication following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aim to examine the immune biomarker and coagulation profiles in association with the clinical presentation and course of MIS-A. METHOD The clinical features of MIS-A patients admitted to our tertiary hospital were documented. Their levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-γ, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, complement activation product (complement 5a [C5a]), and endothelial biomarker intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels were assayed. The haemostatic profile was assessed with standard coagulation testing and thromboelastography. RESULTS Three male patients were diagnosed with MIS-A at our centre from January to June 2022 with a median age of 55 years. All had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 12-62 days prior to MIS-A presentation, with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems as the most commonly involved. Levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, IP-10 and MCP-1 were raised whereas IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α remained normal. Markedly elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and ICAM-1 were present in all. C5a was elevated in 2 patients. A hypercoagulable state was demonstrated by raised levels of D-dimer, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor antigen, and ristocetin cofactor with corresponding raised parameters in thromboelastography in the 2 patients who had their coagulation profile assessed. CONCLUSION MIS-A patients demonstrate activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, endotheliopathy, complement hyperactivation and hypercoagulability.
{"title":"Immune and coagulation profiles in 3 adults with multisystem inflammatory syndrome.","authors":"Ruth Xian Lynn Yap, B. P. Leung, H. Howe, Mung Ee Loh, B. Young, B. Fan, X. Lim","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022290","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000There is a paucity of information on the cytokine, complement, endothelial activation, and coagulation profiles of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A), a rare but serious complication following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aim to examine the immune biomarker and coagulation profiles in association with the clinical presentation and course of MIS-A.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000The clinical features of MIS-A patients admitted to our tertiary hospital were documented. Their levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-γ, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, complement activation product (complement 5a [C5a]), and endothelial biomarker intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels were assayed. The haemostatic profile was assessed with standard coagulation testing and thromboelastography.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Three male patients were diagnosed with MIS-A at our centre from January to June 2022 with a median age of 55 years. All had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 12-62 days prior to MIS-A presentation, with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems as the most commonly involved. Levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, IP-10 and MCP-1 were raised whereas IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α remained normal. Markedly elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and ICAM-1 were present in all. C5a was elevated in 2 patients. A hypercoagulable state was demonstrated by raised levels of D-dimer, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor antigen, and ristocetin cofactor with corresponding raised parameters in thromboelastography in the 2 patients who had their coagulation profile assessed.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000MIS-A patients demonstrate activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, endotheliopathy, complement hyperactivation and hypercoagulability.","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 2 1","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48787655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022326
Khi Yung Fong, Joseph J Zhao, Yiong Huak Chan, Yue Wang, Colin Yeo, Vern Hsen Tan
Despite promising trials, catheter ablation is still regarded as an adjunct to antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various ablation therapies and AADs.Randomised controlled trials or propensity score-matched studies comparing atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence among any combination of ablation modalities or AAD were retrieved. Kaplan-Meier curves and risk tables for this outcome were graphically reconstructed to extract patient-level data. Frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA) using derived hazard ratios (HRs), as well as 2 restricted mean survival time (RMST) NMAs, were conducted. Treatment strategies were ranked using P-scores.Across 24 studies comparing 6 ablation therapies (5,132 patients), Frequentist NMA-derived HRs of atrial fibrillation recurrence compared to AAD were 0.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.25-0.48) for cryoballoon ablation (CBA), 0.34 (95% CI=0.25-0.47) for radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 0.14 (95% CI=0.07-0.30) for combined CBA and RFA, 0.20 (95% CI=0.10-0.41) for hot-balloon ablation, 0.43 (95% CI=0.15-1.26) for laser-balloon ablation (LBA), and 0.33 (95% CI=0.18-0.62) for pulmonary vein ablation catheter. RMST-based NMAs similarly showed significant benefit of all ablation therapies over AAD. The combination of CBA + RFA showed promising long-term superiority over CBA and RFA, while LBA showed favourable short-term efficacy.The advantage of ablation therapies over AAD in preventing atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence suggests that ablation should be considered as the first-line treatment for PAF in patients fit for the procedure. The promising nature of several specific therapies warrants further trials to elicit their long-term efficacy and perform a cost-benefit analysis.
{"title":"Ablation therapies for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and patient-level network meta-analysis","authors":"Khi Yung Fong, Joseph J Zhao, Yiong Huak Chan, Yue Wang, Colin Yeo, Vern Hsen Tan","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022326","url":null,"abstract":"Despite promising trials, catheter ablation is still regarded as an adjunct to antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various ablation therapies and AADs.Randomised controlled trials or propensity score-matched studies comparing atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence among any combination of ablation modalities or AAD were retrieved. Kaplan-Meier curves and risk tables for this outcome were graphically reconstructed to extract patient-level data. Frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA) using derived hazard ratios (HRs), as well as 2 restricted mean survival time (RMST) NMAs, were conducted. Treatment strategies were ranked using P-scores.Across 24 studies comparing 6 ablation therapies (5,132 patients), Frequentist NMA-derived HRs of atrial fibrillation recurrence compared to AAD were 0.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.25-0.48) for cryoballoon ablation (CBA), 0.34 (95% CI=0.25-0.47) for radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 0.14 (95% CI=0.07-0.30) for combined CBA and RFA, 0.20 (95% CI=0.10-0.41) for hot-balloon ablation, 0.43 (95% CI=0.15-1.26) for laser-balloon ablation (LBA), and 0.33 (95% CI=0.18-0.62) for pulmonary vein ablation catheter. RMST-based NMAs similarly showed significant benefit of all ablation therapies over AAD. The combination of CBA + RFA showed promising long-term superiority over CBA and RFA, while LBA showed favourable short-term efficacy.The advantage of ablation therapies over AAD in preventing atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence suggests that ablation should be considered as the first-line treatment for PAF in patients fit for the procedure. The promising nature of several specific therapies warrants further trials to elicit their long-term efficacy and perform a cost-benefit analysis.","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherina J Goenadi, Kean Lee Chew, Lingam Gopal, David Z Chen
{"title":"Clinical outcome of bacterial endogenous endophthalmitis in 15 patients.","authors":"Catherina J Goenadi, Kean Lee Chew, Lingam Gopal, David Z Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 1","pages":"44-47"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9255480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catheter ablation as first-line treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Xuanming Pung, Chi Keong Ching","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9255484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.20236
R. Rüttimann
{"title":"Vaccination and surveillance: Two basic tools for a final poliomyelitis eradication.","authors":"R. Rüttimann","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.20236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.20236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 1 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45626336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022407
C. J. Goenadi, K. L. Chew, L. Gopal, David Z Chen
{"title":"Clinical outcome of bacterial endogenous endophthalmitis in 15 patients.","authors":"C. J. Goenadi, K. L. Chew, L. Gopal, David Z Chen","doi":"10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50774,"journal":{"name":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore","volume":"52 1 1","pages":"44-47"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43049087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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