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Language teachers’ identity tensions and professional practice in intercultural teaching 跨文化教学中语文教师的身份紧张与专业实践
Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241241125
Yang (Frank) Gong, X. Gao
Language teachers’ experiences of identity tensions present valuable opportunities for researchers to understand the complex role of professional identity in shaping language teachers’ instructional practice. This exploratory sequential mixed-method study reports on identity tensions as experienced by teachers of Chinese as an additional language (CAL), and its role in mediating their instructional practice in intercultural teaching. First, seven types of professional and sociocultural identities related to intercultural teaching were generated based on interview responses and observation field notes from 10 CAL teachers. One hundred and three CAL teachers were then surveyed to identify the roles of these identities in mediating their approaches to intercultural teaching. An exploratory factor analysis of the survey data suggested that cultural learner identity, cultural bridge identity, and bearer of Chinese culture identity were significant predictors of fact-oriented or holistic development-oriented approaches to intercultural teaching. Furthermore, it was found that the tension and synergy among different identity components coexisted in mediating the participants’ efforts in intercultural teaching. The findings underscore the importance of adopting identity-oriented perspectives and approaches, and paying more attention to teacher identity tensions in supporting language teachers’ professional practice and development.
语言教师的身份紧张经历为研究人员了解专业身份在塑造语言教师教学实践中的复杂作用提供了宝贵的机会。这项探索性的连续混合方法研究报告了汉语作为第二语言(CAL)教师所经历的身份紧张,以及身份紧张在跨文化教学实践中的中介作用。首先,根据 10 名汉语教师的访谈回答和实地观察记录,得出了与跨文化教学相关的七种专业和社会文化身份。然后,对 103 名 CAL 教师进行了调查,以确定这些身份在跨文化教学方法中的中介作用。对调查数据进行的探索性因素分析表明,文化学习者身份、文化桥梁身份和中国文化传承者身份是跨文化教学中事实导向型或全面发展导向型方法的重要预测因素。此外,研究还发现,不同身份成分之间的张力和协同作用共存,对参与者的跨文化教学努力起着中介作用。研究结果强调了采用以身份认同为导向的视角和方法的重要性,以及在支持语言教师的专业实践和发展时更多关注教师身份认同张力的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Empowering EFL learners through cognitive apprenticeship: A pathway to success in IELTS speaking proficiency 通过认知学徒制增强 EFL 学习者的能力:雅思口语能力的成功之路
Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241227896
S. Ostovar-Namaghi, Mostafa Morady Moghaddam, Kosar Veysmorady
This study investigates the impact of cognitive apprenticeship on the speaking proficiency of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The study follows a randomized pre-test–post-test control group design, with an experimental group receiving instruction based on cognitive apprenticeship principles and a control group receiving conventional instruction. Sixty intermediate Iranian EFL learners participated in this study. The participants’ speaking proficiency was assessed using the Preliminary English Test (PET) and two IELTS speaking tests. Trained examiners evaluated the participants’ performance on the basis of established speaking proficiency criteria. The results indicate that the experimental group, which received instruction following cognitive apprenticeship principles, outperformed the control group in terms of speaking proficiency. The experimental group demonstrated significant improvement from pre-test to immediate and delayed post-tests in terms of IELTS speaking proficiency ( t (29) = −7.57 and −6.97, p = .000), with a large effect size (eta squared = −1.7 and −1.3). This study contributes to the understanding of effective language instruction and highlights that cognitive apprenticeship can be a valuable approach to enhance speaking skills in EFL learners. The interactive and learner-centered nature of cognitive apprenticeship promotes active engagement, autonomy, and meaningful language use. The findings have implications for language educators in creating dynamic and learner-centered learning environments that promote speaking proficiency.
本研究探讨了认知学徒制对英语作为外语(EFL)学习者口语水平的影响。研究采用随机的前测-后测对照组设计,实验组接受基于认知学徒制原则的教学,对照组接受传统教学。60 名伊朗中级 EFL 学习者参加了本研究。参与者的口语水平通过初步英语测试(PET)和两次雅思口语测试进行评估。训练有素的考官根据既定的口语水平标准对学员的表现进行评估。结果表明,按照认知学徒制原则接受教学的实验组在口语水平方面优于对照组。在雅思口语水平方面,实验组从测试前到即时和延迟后测试均有显著提高(t (29) = -7.57 和 -6.97,p = .000),且效应大小较大(等方 = -1.7 和 -1.3)。本研究有助于理解有效的语言教学,并强调认知学徒制是提高 EFL 学习者口语技能的一种有价值的方法。认知学徒制的互动性和以学习者为中心的性质促进了学习者的积极参与、自主性和有意义的语言使用。研究结果对语言教育工作者创建动态的、以学习者为中心的学习环境以提高口语水平具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Empowering EFL learners through cognitive apprenticeship: A pathway to success in IELTS speaking proficiency 通过认知学徒制增强 EFL 学习者的能力:雅思口语能力的成功之路
Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241227896
S. Ostovar-Namaghi, Mostafa Morady Moghaddam, Kosar Veysmorady
This study investigates the impact of cognitive apprenticeship on the speaking proficiency of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The study follows a randomized pre-test–post-test control group design, with an experimental group receiving instruction based on cognitive apprenticeship principles and a control group receiving conventional instruction. Sixty intermediate Iranian EFL learners participated in this study. The participants’ speaking proficiency was assessed using the Preliminary English Test (PET) and two IELTS speaking tests. Trained examiners evaluated the participants’ performance on the basis of established speaking proficiency criteria. The results indicate that the experimental group, which received instruction following cognitive apprenticeship principles, outperformed the control group in terms of speaking proficiency. The experimental group demonstrated significant improvement from pre-test to immediate and delayed post-tests in terms of IELTS speaking proficiency ( t (29) = −7.57 and −6.97, p = .000), with a large effect size (eta squared = −1.7 and −1.3). This study contributes to the understanding of effective language instruction and highlights that cognitive apprenticeship can be a valuable approach to enhance speaking skills in EFL learners. The interactive and learner-centered nature of cognitive apprenticeship promotes active engagement, autonomy, and meaningful language use. The findings have implications for language educators in creating dynamic and learner-centered learning environments that promote speaking proficiency.
本研究探讨了认知学徒制对英语作为外语(EFL)学习者口语水平的影响。研究采用随机的前测-后测对照组设计,实验组接受基于认知学徒制原则的教学,对照组接受传统教学。60 名伊朗中级 EFL 学习者参加了本研究。参与者的口语水平通过初步英语测试(PET)和两次雅思口语测试进行评估。训练有素的考官根据既定的口语水平标准对学员的表现进行评估。结果表明,按照认知学徒制原则接受教学的实验组在口语水平方面优于对照组。在雅思口语水平方面,实验组从测试前到即时和延迟后测试均有显著提高(t (29) = -7.57 和 -6.97,p = .000),且效应大小较大(等方 = -1.7 和 -1.3)。本研究有助于理解有效的语言教学,并强调认知学徒制是提高 EFL 学习者口语技能的一种有价值的方法。认知学徒制的互动性和以学习者为中心的性质促进了学习者的积极参与、自主性和有意义的语言使用。研究结果对语言教育工作者创建动态的、以学习者为中心的学习环境以提高口语水平具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Visibilizing invisible engagement behind students’ no-revision operation to written feedback 将学生对书面反馈的不修改操作背后的隐形参与具体化
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241227666
Xiaoqiu Fu, Chenyu Yang, Ting Zhang
Student engagement with written feedback (WF) in English as a second language (ESL) / English as a foreign language (EFL) learning has been widely researched from cognitive, affective, and behavioural dimensions. Students’ textual change is taken as the only indication of their behavioural engagement with feedback. Students’ no-revision operation or their unaction is usually considered as their disengagement or lack of engagement, or excluded from the examination of students’ WF engagement. How students have possibly engaged themselves with WF before they consequently disuptake (used in the context of feedback engagement, as an opposite to “uptake”) it is hardly touched upon in most studies. To visibilize students’ invisible engagement, we contextualized the study in a natural EFL writing class involving students’ writing and revisions after peer review and automatic writing evaluation (AWE). We used stimulated recalls and screen capturing to investigate students’ cognitive, affective and behavioural engagement with unactioned WF (hereafter UAWF). The findings show that 95.9% of the UAWF have been attended. The three participants, of different English proficiency levels, reported to have variably engaged themselves with their UAWF. Our findings also reveal feedback quality and students’ experience in using AWE system greatly influences their engagement with AWE feedback; student’s language proficiency has a stake in their engagement effectiveness; carefully designed peer review activities can make peer reviews more effective to benefit both feedback receivers and providers.
在英语作为第二语言(ESL)/英语作为外语(EFL)的学习中,学生对书面反馈(WF)的参与度已从认知、情感和行为三个维度进行了广泛研究。学生的文字变化是他们参与反馈的唯一行为表现。学生的无修正操作或无行动通常被视为不参与或缺乏参与,或被排除在学生参与 WF 的研究之外。在大多数研究中,几乎没有触及学生在 "不参与"(在反馈参与的语境中,与 "参与 "相对)之前是如何参与到 WF 中的。为了使学生无形的参与更加明显,我们在一个自然的 EFL 写作课堂上进行了情境研究,涉及学生在同伴互评和自动写作评价(AWE)之后的写作和修改。我们采用刺激回忆和屏幕捕捉的方法,调查学生在认知、情感和行为上参与未采取行动的 WF(以下简称 UAWF)的情况。研究结果表明,95.9% 的学生参与了未行动 WF。三位参与者的英语水平各不相同,他们对 UAWF 的参与程度也不尽相同。我们的研究结果还显示,反馈质量和学生使用亚博系统的经验在很大程度上影响了他们对亚博反馈的参与度;学生的语言能力与他们的参与效果息息相关;精心设计的同行评议活动可以使同行评议更加有效,从而使反馈接收者和提供者双方受益。
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引用次数: 0
Visibilizing invisible engagement behind students’ no-revision operation to written feedback 将学生对书面反馈的不修改操作背后的隐形参与具体化
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241227666
Xiaoqiu Fu, Chenyu Yang, Ting Zhang
Student engagement with written feedback (WF) in English as a second language (ESL) / English as a foreign language (EFL) learning has been widely researched from cognitive, affective, and behavioural dimensions. Students’ textual change is taken as the only indication of their behavioural engagement with feedback. Students’ no-revision operation or their unaction is usually considered as their disengagement or lack of engagement, or excluded from the examination of students’ WF engagement. How students have possibly engaged themselves with WF before they consequently disuptake (used in the context of feedback engagement, as an opposite to “uptake”) it is hardly touched upon in most studies. To visibilize students’ invisible engagement, we contextualized the study in a natural EFL writing class involving students’ writing and revisions after peer review and automatic writing evaluation (AWE). We used stimulated recalls and screen capturing to investigate students’ cognitive, affective and behavioural engagement with unactioned WF (hereafter UAWF). The findings show that 95.9% of the UAWF have been attended. The three participants, of different English proficiency levels, reported to have variably engaged themselves with their UAWF. Our findings also reveal feedback quality and students’ experience in using AWE system greatly influences their engagement with AWE feedback; student’s language proficiency has a stake in their engagement effectiveness; carefully designed peer review activities can make peer reviews more effective to benefit both feedback receivers and providers.
在英语作为第二语言(ESL)/英语作为外语(EFL)的学习中,学生对书面反馈(WF)的参与度已从认知、情感和行为三个维度进行了广泛研究。学生的文字变化是他们参与反馈的唯一行为表现。学生的无修正操作或无行动通常被视为不参与或缺乏参与,或被排除在学生参与 WF 的研究之外。在大多数研究中,几乎没有触及学生在 "不参与"(在反馈参与的语境中,与 "参与 "相对)之前是如何参与到 WF 中的。为了使学生无形的参与更加明显,我们在一个自然的 EFL 写作课堂上进行了情境研究,涉及学生在同伴互评和自动写作评价(AWE)之后的写作和修改。我们采用刺激回忆和屏幕捕捉的方法,调查学生在认知、情感和行为上参与未采取行动的 WF(以下简称 UAWF)的情况。研究结果表明,95.9% 的学生参与了未行动 WF。三位参与者的英语水平各不相同,他们对 UAWF 的参与程度也不尽相同。我们的研究结果还显示,反馈质量和学生使用亚博系统的经验在很大程度上影响了他们对亚博反馈的参与度;学生的语言能力与他们的参与效果息息相关;精心设计的同行评议活动可以使同行评议更加有效,从而使反馈接收者和提供者双方受益。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring factors affecting foreign language achievement: The role of growth mindset, self-efficacy, and L2 grit 探索影响外语成绩的因素:成长心态、自我效能感和 L2 勇气的作用
Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241227603
J. Fathi, M. Pawlak, Sam Saeedian, Ata Ghaderi
This study investigated the effects of growth mindset and self-efficacy on foreign language achievement (FLA) in a sample of 379 intermediate learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) while also incorporating the mediation of second language (L2) grit in a structural model. The measurement model was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, and mediation analysis was conducted following Baron and Kenny’s (1986) method to explore the mediating role of L2 grit in the relationship between growth mindset, self-efficacy, and FLA. The results revealed that both L2 grit and English self-efficacy directly predicted FLA. Moreover, the mediation analysis revealed that growth mindset influenced FLA indirectly through the mediating role of L2 grit. These findings suggest that fostering growth mindset and self-efficacy beliefs in language learners could enhance their FLA, and that the development of L2 grit may play a significant role in mediating the relationship between growth mindset and FLA. Implications of these results for language education are discussed, and suggestions for future research are considered.
本研究以 379 名中级英语作为外语(EFL)学习者为样本,调查了成长心态和自我效能感对外语成绩(FLA)的影响,同时在结构模型中纳入了第二语言(L2)胆量的中介作用。测量模型采用确认性因素分析法进行检验,并按照 Baron 和 Kenny(1986 年)的方法进行中介分析,以探讨第二语言胆量在成长心态、自我效能感和 FLA 之间关系中的中介作用。结果显示,第二语言勇气和英语自我效能感都直接预测了 FLA。此外,中介分析表明,成长型思维通过 L2 grit 的中介作用间接影响了 FLA。这些研究结果表明,培养语言学习者的成长心智和自我效能感可以提高他们的FLA,而L2 grit的发展可能在调解成长心智和FLA之间的关系中发挥重要作用。本文讨论了这些结果对语言教育的影响,并对今后的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring factors affecting foreign language achievement: The role of growth mindset, self-efficacy, and L2 grit 探索影响外语成绩的因素:成长心态、自我效能感和 L2 勇气的作用
Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241227603
J. Fathi, M. Pawlak, Sam Saeedian, Ata Ghaderi
This study investigated the effects of growth mindset and self-efficacy on foreign language achievement (FLA) in a sample of 379 intermediate learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) while also incorporating the mediation of second language (L2) grit in a structural model. The measurement model was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, and mediation analysis was conducted following Baron and Kenny’s (1986) method to explore the mediating role of L2 grit in the relationship between growth mindset, self-efficacy, and FLA. The results revealed that both L2 grit and English self-efficacy directly predicted FLA. Moreover, the mediation analysis revealed that growth mindset influenced FLA indirectly through the mediating role of L2 grit. These findings suggest that fostering growth mindset and self-efficacy beliefs in language learners could enhance their FLA, and that the development of L2 grit may play a significant role in mediating the relationship between growth mindset and FLA. Implications of these results for language education are discussed, and suggestions for future research are considered.
本研究以 379 名中级英语作为外语(EFL)学习者为样本,调查了成长心态和自我效能感对外语成绩(FLA)的影响,同时在结构模型中纳入了第二语言(L2)胆量的中介作用。测量模型采用确认性因素分析法进行检验,并按照 Baron 和 Kenny(1986 年)的方法进行中介分析,以探讨第二语言胆量在成长心态、自我效能感和 FLA 之间关系中的中介作用。结果显示,第二语言勇气和英语自我效能感都直接预测了 FLA。此外,中介分析表明,成长型思维通过 L2 grit 的中介作用间接影响了 FLA。这些研究结果表明,培养语言学习者的成长心智和自我效能感可以提高他们的FLA,而L2 grit的发展可能在调解成长心智和FLA之间的关系中发挥重要作用。本文讨论了这些结果对语言教育的影响,并对今后的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of future L2 selves and positive emotions on self-regulated writing strategies: A mixed method approach 未来的 L2 自我和积极情绪对自我调节写作策略的影响:混合方法
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241229534
Yabing Wang, Jian Xu, Huiyin Li, Jiamin Qi
While extensive research supported the facilitative role of motivation in general self-regulated learning (SRL) strategy use, its connection to writing-specific SRL strategy use remains underexplored. Furthermore, the exploration of the interplay between motivation and SRL strategy use in second or foreign (L2) writing was absent within the motivational-self system. Even less is known about the mechanism between motivational factors and SRL strategy use in L2 writing. This study aims to fill the gap by testing the mediating role of positive emotions (enjoyment, pride, and hope) between future L2 writing selves (ideal L2 self and ought-to L2 self) and SRL strategy use in the Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) writing context with a mixed method design incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. Three hundred and sixty students enrolled in College English writing classes were recruited and they reported their responses to standardized measures. Results of structural equation modelling (SEM) showed that positive emotions partially mediated the link between ideal L2 writing selves and SRL but not between ought-to L2 writing selves and SRL. Semi-structured interviews about students’ in-depth perceptions of the three constructs complemented our quantitative results. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are also discussed.
尽管大量研究支持动机在一般自我调节学习(SRL)策略使用中的促进作用,但其与写作特定SRL策略使用的联系仍未得到充分探索。此外,在动机-自我系统中,也缺乏对第二语言或外语(L2)写作中动机与自律学习策略使用之间相互作用的探索。人们对第二语言写作中动机因素与SRL策略使用之间的机制了解得更少。本研究旨在填补这一空白,采用定量和定性相结合的混合方法,检验积极情绪(愉快、自豪和希望)在未来的第二语言写作自我(理想的第二语言自我和应该的第二语言自我)与第二语言写作策略使用之间的中介作用。研究招募了 360 名大学英语写作班的学生,他们报告了对标准化测量的反应。结构方程建模(SEM)结果显示,积极情绪在理想的 L2 写作自我和 SRL 之间起到了部分中介作用,但在应该的 L2 写作自我和 SRL 之间没有起到中介作用。关于学生对这三个概念的深入看法的半结构式访谈补充了我们的定量结果。我们还讨论了理论和教学方面的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of future L2 selves and positive emotions on self-regulated writing strategies: A mixed method approach 未来的 L2 自我和积极情绪对自我调节写作策略的影响:混合方法
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/13621688241229534
Yabing Wang, Jian Xu, Huiyin Li, Jiamin Qi
While extensive research supported the facilitative role of motivation in general self-regulated learning (SRL) strategy use, its connection to writing-specific SRL strategy use remains underexplored. Furthermore, the exploration of the interplay between motivation and SRL strategy use in second or foreign (L2) writing was absent within the motivational-self system. Even less is known about the mechanism between motivational factors and SRL strategy use in L2 writing. This study aims to fill the gap by testing the mediating role of positive emotions (enjoyment, pride, and hope) between future L2 writing selves (ideal L2 self and ought-to L2 self) and SRL strategy use in the Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) writing context with a mixed method design incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. Three hundred and sixty students enrolled in College English writing classes were recruited and they reported their responses to standardized measures. Results of structural equation modelling (SEM) showed that positive emotions partially mediated the link between ideal L2 writing selves and SRL but not between ought-to L2 writing selves and SRL. Semi-structured interviews about students’ in-depth perceptions of the three constructs complemented our quantitative results. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are also discussed.
尽管大量研究支持动机在一般自我调节学习(SRL)策略使用中的促进作用,但其与写作特定SRL策略使用的联系仍未得到充分探索。此外,在动机-自我系统中,也缺乏对第二语言或外语(L2)写作中动机与自律学习策略使用之间相互作用的探索。人们对第二语言写作中动机因素与SRL策略使用之间的机制了解得更少。本研究旨在填补这一空白,采用定量和定性相结合的混合方法,检验积极情绪(愉快、自豪和希望)在未来的第二语言写作自我(理想的第二语言自我和应该的第二语言自我)与第二语言写作策略使用之间的中介作用。研究招募了 360 名大学英语写作班的学生,他们报告了对标准化测量的反应。结构方程建模(SEM)结果显示,积极情绪在理想的 L2 写作自我和 SRL 之间起到了部分中介作用,但在应该的 L2 写作自我和 SRL 之间没有起到中介作用。关于学生对这三个概念的深入看法的半结构式访谈补充了我们的定量结果。我们还讨论了理论和教学方面的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Experts’ consensus on the design of a technical communication module for vocational college students in the manufacturing sector 专家对制造业职业院校学生技术交流模块设计的共识
Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/13621688231223819
Mingdan Luo, D. DeWitt, Norlidah Alias
In the twenty-first century one of the most significant challenges is preparing professionals to adequately communicate technical information when writing and speaking. A number of studies have been published on various aspects of technical communication (TC), but few studies in China have investigated the curriculum design for TC. In this study, expert consensus was sought to explore elements required for a TC module for vocational college students in the manufacturing sector using the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM). The FDM was employed to determine consensus among a panel of 12 experts. Two rounds of data collection were conducted to garner opinions from the experts. The first round was semi-structured interviews among five experts to design the items for the FDM questionnaire with a five-point linguistic scale. The designed FDM questionnaire was distributed to 12 experts to gather their opinions on the elements required for the TC module. The data analysis determined the consensus on the elements of the TC module in four categories: objectives, contents, learning activities, and assessment methods. Their levels of agreement were assessed to determine elements that needed to be highlighted for implementation in the classroom. These findings could be used to develop a more relevant instructional module for TC in the manufacturing sector.
二十一世纪最重大的挑战之一是培养专业人员在写作和演讲时充分交流技术信息。关于技术交流(TC)各方面的研究已经发表了很多,但国内很少有研究对技术交流的课程设计进行调查。本研究采用模糊德尔菲法(FDM)寻求专家共识,以探讨制造业职业院校学生技术交流模块所需的要素。研究采用模糊德尔菲法来确定 12 位专家的共识。为征求专家意见,进行了两轮数据收集。第一轮是对五位专家进行半结构化访谈,以五点语言量表设计 FDM 问卷的项目。设计好的 FDM 问卷分发给了 12 位专家,以收集他们对 TC 模块所需要素的意见。通过数据分析,专家们对技术合作模块的目标、内容、学习活动和评估方法四类要素达成了共识。对他们的一致程度进行了评估,以确定在课堂上实施时需要强调的要素。这些发现可用于开发更适合制造业的技术合作教学模块。
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引用次数: 0
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Language Teaching Research
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