Introduction: Prior studies of the acute benefits of protein supplementation have determined a benefit in improving post-exercise muscle anabolism and aiding the recovery of muscle function and performance. Previous acute protein supplement studies in post-exercise protein synthesis and anabolic intracellular signaling reported no attenuation in muscle damage or elevated muscle function. The aim of this study is to implement a specific content of essential amino acids with resistance and aerobic exercises to quantify the difference in strength, endurance, and flexibility during the delayed onset muscle soreness common with a new exercise protocol. Methods: We enrolled 42 participants (22 EAA and 20 Controls) completed an hour-long aerobic and resistance exercise protocol including flexibility, resistance, and aerobic exercises for three consecutive days. The study participants were randomly assigned to the EAA (6.6g) per day (EAA + Gatorade) group or the control (Gatorade) group. The data was analyzed in a double-blinded format. Results: Both groups improved the initial flexibility respectively throughout the three exercise days but were not significantly different (p=0.32) in the sit and reach. For the resistance/power activities, the EAA group improved in the repetitions for push-ups (p=0.014 vs 0.21) and dips (0.0002 vs 0.59) compared to the controls. The EAA group was faster although not statistically significant in the 20-meter sprint and improved in the 1.5-mile run during the third day (P=0.002 vs 0.48) compared to the control group. Conclusions: The data in the results supports that acute ingestion of the essential amino acid supplements provides increased physical performance and decreases the DOMS symptoms in sedentary participants over the three-day trial period of exercise.
导言：先前对补充蛋白质的急性益处进行的研究确定，补充蛋白质有益于改善运动后肌肉合成代谢，并有助于恢复肌肉功能和表现。之前关于运动后蛋白质合成和细胞内合成代谢信号的急性蛋白质补充剂研究报告称，肌肉损伤没有减轻，肌肉功能也没有提高。本研究的目的是在阻力运动和有氧运动中添加特定含量的必需氨基酸，以量化新运动方案常见的迟发性肌肉酸痛在力量、耐力和灵活性方面的差异：我们招募了 42 名参与者（22 名 EAA 参与者和 20 名对照组参与者），让他们连续三天完成一个小时的有氧和阻力运动方案，包括柔韧性、阻力和有氧运动。研究参与者被随机分配到每天摄入 EAA（6.6 克）（EAA + 佳得乐）组或对照组（佳得乐）。研究数据采用双盲法进行分析：结果：在三个运动日中，两组分别提高了最初的柔韧性，但在坐位和伸展方面没有显著差异（P=0.32）。在阻力/力量活动方面，与对照组相比，EAA 组在俯卧撑（p=0.014 vs 0.21）和下蹲（0.0002 vs 0.59）的重复次数上有所提高。与对照组相比，EAA 组在第三天的 20 米短跑中速度更快，但无统计学意义，在 1.5 英里长跑中也有所提高（P=0.002 vs 0.48）：研究结果的数据表明，在为期三天的运动试验期间，急性摄入必需氨基酸补充剂可提高久坐不动的参与者的体能表现，并减轻 DOMS 症状。
{"title":"Attenuation of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness with Acute Consumption of Essential Amino Acids","authors":"Klaudia Szych, Ariel Gomez, Matthew Barlow","doi":"10.53520/jen2024.103172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2024.103172","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prior studies of the acute benefits of protein supplementation have determined a benefit in improving post-exercise muscle anabolism and aiding the recovery of muscle function and performance. Previous acute protein supplement studies in post-exercise protein synthesis and anabolic intracellular signaling reported no attenuation in muscle damage or elevated muscle function. The aim of this study is to implement a specific content of essential amino acids with resistance and aerobic exercises to quantify the difference in strength, endurance, and flexibility during the delayed onset muscle soreness common with a new exercise protocol.\u0000Methods: We enrolled 42 participants (22 EAA and 20 Controls) completed an hour-long aerobic and resistance exercise protocol including flexibility, resistance, and aerobic exercises for three consecutive days. The study participants were randomly assigned to the EAA (6.6g) per day (EAA + Gatorade) group or the control (Gatorade) group. The data was analyzed in a double-blinded format.\u0000Results: Both groups improved the initial flexibility respectively throughout the three exercise days but were not significantly different (p=0.32) in the sit and reach. For the resistance/power activities, the EAA group improved in the repetitions for push-ups (p=0.014 vs 0.21) and dips (0.0002 vs 0.59) compared to the controls. The EAA group was faster although not statistically significant in the 20-meter sprint and improved in the 1.5-mile run during the third day (P=0.002 vs 0.48) compared to the control group.\u0000Conclusions: The data in the results supports that acute ingestion of the essential amino acid supplements provides increased physical performance and decreases the DOMS symptoms in sedentary participants over the three-day trial period of exercise.","PeriodicalId":508165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise and Nutrition","volume":"32 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Born, Timothy Rotarius, Emily Van Wasshenova, Jakob Lauver, John Thistlethwaite, Barry Scheuermann
Introduction: Low carbohydrate (L-CHO) diets may be an effective means for weight loss; however, these L-CHO diets often result in decreases in exercise performance during high-intensity, interval exercise test (HIIET). Methods: Nineteen, healthy, recreationally active adults participated in this study. Subjects were assigned to one of three groups: control (CON), L-CHO diet w/ placebo (L-CHO), or L-CHO diet w/ creatine supplementation (L-CHO+Cr). Subjects performed HIIET to fatigue at 90% peak power output (PPO) with a 1:1 work-to-recovery ratio of 30 s. Dietary intervention consisted of <30% total intake of carbohydrates, while creatine supplementation consisted of a standard loading dose (20 g/day) or placebo (5 g/day). Results: There was no statistically significant difference in HIIET performance (# of intervals completed) in the L-CHO+Cr group (Pre-: 28.9 ± 18.6; Post-: 32.4 ± 18.3, p > 0.05). When expressed as a % change from pre-dietary intervention, L-CHO resulted in the greatest decrease in HIIET performance (L-CHO: -35 ± 14; CON: 12 ± 10; L-CHO+Cr: 31 ± 11 % change from pre-, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of a standard loading dose of creatine during a L-CHO diet may help to attenuate the decrement in HIIET performance.
{"title":"Creatine Supplementation May Attenuate the Decrement in Exercise Performance during Low Carbohydrate Diets in Recreationally Trained Individuals","authors":"Stephanie Born, Timothy Rotarius, Emily Van Wasshenova, Jakob Lauver, John Thistlethwaite, Barry Scheuermann","doi":"10.53520/jen2024.103174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2024.103174","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Low carbohydrate (L-CHO) diets may be an effective means for weight loss; however, these L-CHO diets often result in decreases in exercise performance during high-intensity, interval exercise test (HIIET).\u0000Methods: Nineteen, healthy, recreationally active adults participated in this study. Subjects were assigned to one of three groups: control (CON), L-CHO diet w/ placebo (L-CHO), or L-CHO diet w/ creatine supplementation (L-CHO+Cr). Subjects performed HIIET to fatigue at 90% peak power output (PPO) with a 1:1 work-to-recovery ratio of 30 s. Dietary intervention consisted of <30% total intake of carbohydrates, while creatine supplementation consisted of a standard loading dose (20 g/day) or placebo (5 g/day).\u0000Results: There was no statistically significant difference in HIIET performance (# of intervals completed) in the L-CHO+Cr group (Pre-: 28.9 ± 18.6; Post-: 32.4 ± 18.3, p > 0.05). When expressed as a % change from pre-dietary intervention, L-CHO resulted in the greatest decrease in HIIET performance (L-CHO: -35 ± 14; CON: 12 ± 10; L-CHO+Cr: 31 ± 11 % change from pre-, p < 0.05).\u0000Conclusions: The addition of a standard loading dose of creatine during a L-CHO diet may help to attenuate the decrement in HIIET performance.","PeriodicalId":508165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise and Nutrition","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown restrictions forced college students to spend less time on campuses and more time indoors at home, increasing their sedentary behaviors. We aimed to better understand trends among assumed decreased physical activity levels, increased mental health symptoms, and increased poor nutritional habits. The results will serve healthcare clinicians in developing targeted interventions for improving overall health in college students. Methods: American college students (n = 90) and Romanian college students (n = 85) were assessed for current self-reported levels of physical activity, mental health symptoms, and body composition values in the post-COVID-19 lockdown era. Results: All participants (N =185; 100 females) reported being highly active (82.3%) and experiencing a current level of heightened depressive and anxious symptomatology (58.2%). Differences were seen between the measured body fat percentages (BF) and skeletal muscle masses (SKMM) of the American (BF: males 26.66 12.24%, females 32.88 10.13%) and Romanian (BF: males 11.76 6.68%, females 18.07 9.30%) college students. Despite these differences, all participants collectively displayed a positive relationship between depressive and anxious symptomatology and BF (R = 0.23; p = 0.0018) and a negative relationship between depressive and anxious symptomatology and SKMM (R = - 0.15; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Although cultural differences may help to explain the found differences among body fat percentages and skeletal muscle masses, both groups of college students did similarly struggle with symptoms of depression and anxiety. The post-lockdown coping mechanisms embraced by both groups of college students have not been fully effective in improving their mental health.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Mental Health, Body Composition, and Physical Activity in American vs Romanian College Students After COVID-19 Lockdown","authors":"Manuela C Caciula, Luis Torres, Simion Tomoioaga","doi":"10.53520/jen2024.103171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2024.103171","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown restrictions forced college students to spend less time on campuses and more time indoors at home, increasing their sedentary behaviors. We aimed to better understand trends among assumed decreased physical activity levels, increased mental health symptoms, and increased poor nutritional habits. The results will serve healthcare clinicians in developing targeted interventions for improving overall health in college students.\u0000Methods: American college students (n = 90) and Romanian college students (n = 85) were assessed for current self-reported levels of physical activity, mental health symptoms, and body composition values in the post-COVID-19 lockdown era.\u0000Results: All participants (N =185; 100 females) reported being highly active (82.3%) and experiencing a current level of heightened depressive and anxious symptomatology (58.2%). Differences were seen between the measured body fat percentages (BF) and skeletal muscle masses (SKMM) of the American (BF: males 26.66 12.24%, females 32.88 10.13%) and Romanian (BF: males 11.76 6.68%, females 18.07 9.30%) college students. Despite these differences, all participants collectively displayed a positive relationship between depressive and anxious symptomatology and BF (R = 0.23; p = 0.0018) and a negative relationship between depressive and anxious symptomatology and SKMM (R = - 0.15; p = 0.04).\u0000Conclusions: Although cultural differences may help to explain the found differences among body fat percentages and skeletal muscle masses, both groups of college students did similarly struggle with symptoms of depression and anxiety. The post-lockdown coping mechanisms embraced by both groups of college students have not been fully effective in improving their mental health.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":508165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise and Nutrition","volume":"15 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Evans, Jason Curtis, Flavia Pereira, Jose Rojas, Maria Berrocales, Kristiina Kinnunen, Antonio Crisanti, Kendall Andries, Leilani Batista, Juan Carlos Santana, Lia M. Jiannine, Jaime Tartar, Jose Antonio
Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of multi-ingredient dietary supplement on indices of muscle recovery on delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, healthy exercise-trained subjects (n=24) consumed the treatment (i.e., Caraflame®: Retinyl Palmitate (Vit. A) 3.3 mg, Sodium Butyrate 175 mg, and Beta-Caryophyllene 30 mg or placebo (i.e., Maltodextrin 1000mg) daily over a 14-day period. Subjects completed the DOMS protocol and were assessed for changes in pain (visual analog scale (VAS) and a pressure algometer), strength (1-RM), and inflammatory markers (Interleukin-1b, Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein). A dependent samples t-test was used to determine differences between groups with regard to the delta score. A p-value of P<0.05 was used to determine significance. Results: All subjects were physically active, healthy adults (Mean±SD – Age 23.5±7, Height 170±12.7 cm, Body Mass 71.0±19.57 kg, % body fat 24.3±10.6). A statistically significant difference was found for the assessment of pain threshold via VAS. Subjects in the treatment group exhibited a higher pain threshold two days post-DOMS (i.e., delta score data). No significant differences between groups for arm circumference, 1-RM, pain assessed by algometer, or arm circumference between the groups. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups for inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, and IL-1b). Conclusions: Based on this preliminary investigation, two weeks of a multi-ingredient dietary supplement may decrease the subjective perception of delayed-onset muscle soreness in exercise-trained adults.
{"title":"The Effects of a Multi-Ingredient Dietary Supplement on Recovery from Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness","authors":"C. Evans, Jason Curtis, Flavia Pereira, Jose Rojas, Maria Berrocales, Kristiina Kinnunen, Antonio Crisanti, Kendall Andries, Leilani Batista, Juan Carlos Santana, Lia M. Jiannine, Jaime Tartar, Jose Antonio","doi":"10.53520/jen2024.103169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2024.103169","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of multi-ingredient dietary supplement on indices of muscle recovery on delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS).\u0000Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, healthy exercise-trained subjects (n=24) consumed the treatment (i.e., Caraflame®: Retinyl Palmitate (Vit. A) 3.3 mg, Sodium Butyrate 175 mg, and Beta-Caryophyllene 30 mg or placebo (i.e., Maltodextrin 1000mg) daily over a 14-day period. Subjects completed the DOMS protocol and were assessed for changes in pain (visual analog scale (VAS) and a pressure algometer), strength (1-RM), and inflammatory markers (Interleukin-1b, Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein). A dependent samples t-test was used to determine differences between groups with regard to the delta score. A p-value of P<0.05 was used to determine significance.\u0000Results: All subjects were physically active, healthy adults (Mean±SD – Age 23.5±7, Height 170±12.7 cm, Body Mass 71.0±19.57 kg, % body fat 24.3±10.6). A statistically significant difference was found for the assessment of pain threshold via VAS. Subjects in the treatment group exhibited a higher pain threshold two days post-DOMS (i.e., delta score data). No significant differences between groups for arm circumference, 1-RM, pain assessed by algometer, or arm circumference between the groups. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups for inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, and IL-1b). \u0000Conclusions: Based on this preliminary investigation, two weeks of a multi-ingredient dietary supplement may decrease the subjective perception of delayed-onset muscle soreness in exercise-trained adults.","PeriodicalId":508165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise and Nutrition","volume":"118 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141361806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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