Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120315
Angel T. Alvarado, H. Chávez, Jorge A. García, María R. Bendezú, Felipe Surco-Laos, Aura Molina-Cabrera, Doris Laos-Anchante, Nelly Vega-Ramos, Juan J. Palomino-Jhong, Paulina Eliades Yarasca-Carlos, B. Loja-Herrera, Mario Pineda-Pérez, Mario Bolarte-Arteaga
Heliotropium arborescens (Galán de Mera et al. 2022) is a herbaceous plant that contains various biophenolic compounds that exhibit antibacterial property and antioxidant activity that could prevent diseases caused by free radicals. The objective was to study the biophenolic compounds and metal ions associated with the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Heliotropium arborescens L. leaves from the Andean region of Ayacucho-Peru. The total polyphenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method; Total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined by spectrophotometry at 510 nm, TFC was expressed in mg quercetin/g sample (mg QE/g). Antioxidant activity by three in vitro methods; determination of metals by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) and antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. The values obtained from the TPC were 306.80±0.05 mg GAE/g, TFC 111.53±0.25 mg QE/g. Antioxidant activity: DPPH IC50 37.55±0.04 µL and 65.64±0.10 µL, at 0.47 and 0.93 mg/mL extract, respectively; ABTS 0.20±0.01 mM TEAC/g (0.41 mg/mL extract) and 0.47±0.01 (0.82 mg/mL extract); FRAP 0.24±0.01 mM TEAC/g (0.94 mg/mL extract) and 0.46±0.02 mM TEAC/g (1.88 mg/mL extract). Correlation relationship TFC/DPPH (r=0.9994; R2 0.9989), TFC/ABTS (r = 0.9572; R2 0.9998) and TFC/FRAP (r = 09933; R2 0.9868). Calcium 1.22±0.04, copper 0.77±0.05, magnesium 851.7±3.06 and zinc 20.63±1.19 mg/100 g were found in all cases. Antibacterial activity on Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) > 400 μg/mL. It is concluded that the total biophenolic components and metals of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of H. arborescens L. show potential antioxidant activity, and moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Graphical abstract:
{"title":"Biophenolic compounds and metal ions associated with the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Heliotropium arborescens L. leaves from the Andean region of Ayacucho-Peru","authors":"Angel T. Alvarado, H. Chávez, Jorge A. García, María R. Bendezú, Felipe Surco-Laos, Aura Molina-Cabrera, Doris Laos-Anchante, Nelly Vega-Ramos, Juan J. Palomino-Jhong, Paulina Eliades Yarasca-Carlos, B. Loja-Herrera, Mario Pineda-Pérez, Mario Bolarte-Arteaga","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120315","url":null,"abstract":"Heliotropium arborescens (Galán de Mera et al. 2022) is a herbaceous plant that contains various biophenolic compounds that exhibit antibacterial property and antioxidant activity that could prevent diseases caused by free radicals. The objective was to study the biophenolic compounds and metal ions associated with the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Heliotropium arborescens L. leaves from the Andean region of Ayacucho-Peru. The total polyphenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method; Total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined by spectrophotometry at 510 nm, TFC was expressed in mg quercetin/g sample (mg QE/g). Antioxidant activity by three in vitro methods; determination of metals by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) and antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. The values obtained from the TPC were 306.80±0.05 mg GAE/g, TFC 111.53±0.25 mg QE/g. Antioxidant activity: DPPH IC50 37.55±0.04 µL and 65.64±0.10 µL, at 0.47 and 0.93 mg/mL extract, respectively; ABTS 0.20±0.01 mM TEAC/g (0.41 mg/mL extract) and 0.47±0.01 (0.82 mg/mL extract); FRAP 0.24±0.01 mM TEAC/g (0.94 mg/mL extract) and 0.46±0.02 mM TEAC/g (1.88 mg/mL extract). Correlation relationship TFC/DPPH (r=0.9994; R2 0.9989), TFC/ABTS (r = 0.9572; R2 0.9998) and TFC/FRAP (r = 09933; R2 0.9868). Calcium 1.22±0.04, copper 0.77±0.05, magnesium 851.7±3.06 and zinc 20.63±1.19 mg/100 g were found in all cases. Antibacterial activity on Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) > 400 μg/mL. It is concluded that the total biophenolic components and metals of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of H. arborescens L. show potential antioxidant activity, and moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.\u0000 Graphical abstract:\u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e113509
Jorge Anibal Schlottke, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Ezequiel Leandro Bertiche, Rocío Belén López, Carla Vanesa Torletti, Facundo Yamil del Hoyo, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Christian R. Mejia, Mercedes Rojas-Osorio, Neal M. Davies, Jaime A. Yáñez
We performed an analytical, cross-sectional study of 285 consumers to assess the influence of social influence, resistance to use, facilitators to use, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of telemedicine on the intention to use telemedicine of citizens of Argentina in times of the pandemic by COVID-19. The proposed research model was analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Perceived ease of use had a positive effect (0.624) on perceived usefulness; facilitating conditions had a positive effect (0.476) on usage intention; perceived risk (-0.062) and social influence (0.072) did not have an effect on usage intention. Bootstrapping showed that the beta coefficients were statistically significant. The outcomes may provide ideas to healthcare managers to know what an expectation about telemedicine is and develop new services directed to patients.
{"title":"Acceptance factors of telemedicine in times of COVID-19: Case Argentina","authors":"Jorge Anibal Schlottke, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Ezequiel Leandro Bertiche, Rocío Belén López, Carla Vanesa Torletti, Facundo Yamil del Hoyo, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Christian R. Mejia, Mercedes Rojas-Osorio, Neal M. Davies, Jaime A. Yáñez","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e113509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e113509","url":null,"abstract":"We performed an analytical, cross-sectional study of 285 consumers to assess the influence of social influence, resistance to use, facilitators to use, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of telemedicine on the intention to use telemedicine of citizens of Argentina in times of the pandemic by COVID-19. The proposed research model was analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Perceived ease of use had a positive effect (0.624) on perceived usefulness; facilitating conditions had a positive effect (0.476) on usage intention; perceived risk (-0.062) and social influence (0.072) did not have an effect on usage intention. Bootstrapping showed that the beta coefficients were statistically significant. The outcomes may provide ideas to healthcare managers to know what an expectation about telemedicine is and develop new services directed to patients.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e122414
Atanas Toshev, Elina S Petkova-Gueorguieva, A. Mihaylova, H. Lebanova, Svetoslav Stoev, Stefan Balkanski, Lily Peikova, Svetlana Syarova, V. Madzharov, S. Gueorguiev
The presented article provides a systematic review of the pharmaceutical legislation (EU Pharmaceutical Package) – the current proposal of the European Commission for a new Directive, repealing and replacing Directives and modifying Regulations of the European Parliament and of the Council, incorporating the relevant parts of the Regulation concerning medicinal products for pediatrics, Regulation for orphan drugs and others, aiming at revision of the pharmaceutical legislation in the context of antimicrobial resistance and challenges facing the introduction of innovative antimicrobial medicines in Europe. It outlines a critical analysis on the impact of the changes in the context of introduction of innovative antimicrobial medicinal products with an emphasis on unsatisfied medical demands of the European population. The revision of the pharmaceutical legislation provides an argument to consider that the proposed Pharmaceutical Package could resolve some of the issues associated with the access to novel antibiotic medicines. It is necessary to find a consensus and a balance between, on the one hand, meeting the need for antibiotics for the citizens of the European Union and, on the other hand, providing timely access to generic medicines to meet the needs of the population.
{"title":"Revision of pharmaceutical legislation in the context of antimicrobial resistance and challenges facing the introduction of innovative antimicrobial medical products in Europe","authors":"Atanas Toshev, Elina S Petkova-Gueorguieva, A. Mihaylova, H. Lebanova, Svetoslav Stoev, Stefan Balkanski, Lily Peikova, Svetlana Syarova, V. Madzharov, S. Gueorguiev","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e122414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e122414","url":null,"abstract":"The presented article provides a systematic review of the pharmaceutical legislation (EU Pharmaceutical Package) – the current proposal of the European Commission for a new Directive, repealing and replacing Directives and modifying Regulations of the European Parliament and of the Council, incorporating the relevant parts of the Regulation concerning medicinal products for pediatrics, Regulation for orphan drugs and others, aiming at revision of the pharmaceutical legislation in the context of antimicrobial resistance and challenges facing the introduction of innovative antimicrobial medicines in Europe. It outlines a critical analysis on the impact of the changes in the context of introduction of innovative antimicrobial medicinal products with an emphasis on unsatisfied medical demands of the European population. The revision of the pharmaceutical legislation provides an argument to consider that the proposed Pharmaceutical Package could resolve some of the issues associated with the access to novel antibiotic medicines. It is necessary to find a consensus and a balance between, on the one hand, meeting the need for antibiotics for the citizens of the European Union and, on the other hand, providing timely access to generic medicines to meet the needs of the population.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e116794
A. Pramono, William Ben Gunawan, F. Nurkolis, Darmawan Alisaputra, Gilbert Ansell Limen, Muhammad Subhan Alfaqih, Martha Ardiaria
Obesity, a global issue, is linked to cardiometabolic syndrome. Dietary modification is one of the recommended modes for managing cardiometabolic syndrome. Strawberries, a functional food, and kombucha, a fermented tea beverage, have gained attention for their health benefits. This study investigated the bioactive components of strawberry kombucha drink (SKD) and their effects on antioxidant activities and improving metabolic disorder markers. An in vitro experiment was performed to determine the effect of SKD on enzymatic parameters: lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase activities. In addition, antioxidant activity using the DPPH method and quantification of the radical scavenging activity were also measured. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomic profiling of SKD and molecular docking simulation were conducted. The findings suggest that SKD, rich in secondary metabolites, can inhibit lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase activities. It demonstrated in vitro anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties, potentially reducing metabolic and inflammatory issues. Thus, SKD could be a therapeutic beverage to alter metabolic issues associated with obesity. Nevertheless, further preclinical study is warranted to determine SKD’s potential in vivo.
{"title":"Free radical scavenging, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase inhibitory activities of metabolites from strawberry kombucha: Molecular docking and in vitro studies","authors":"A. Pramono, William Ben Gunawan, F. Nurkolis, Darmawan Alisaputra, Gilbert Ansell Limen, Muhammad Subhan Alfaqih, Martha Ardiaria","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e116794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e116794","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity, a global issue, is linked to cardiometabolic syndrome. Dietary modification is one of the recommended modes for managing cardiometabolic syndrome. Strawberries, a functional food, and kombucha, a fermented tea beverage, have gained attention for their health benefits.\u0000 This study investigated the bioactive components of strawberry kombucha drink (SKD) and their effects on antioxidant activities and improving metabolic disorder markers.\u0000 An in vitro experiment was performed to determine the effect of SKD on enzymatic parameters: lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase activities. In addition, antioxidant activity using the DPPH method and quantification of the radical scavenging activity were also measured. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomic profiling of SKD and molecular docking simulation were conducted.\u0000 The findings suggest that SKD, rich in secondary metabolites, can inhibit lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase activities. It demonstrated in vitro anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties, potentially reducing metabolic and inflammatory issues.\u0000 Thus, SKD could be a therapeutic beverage to alter metabolic issues associated with obesity. Nevertheless, further preclinical study is warranted to determine SKD’s potential in vivo.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e122471
Yetti Anggraini, S. Soetrisno, B. Wasita, R. Cilmiaty
Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant health problem in pregnancy, affecting 6–7% of all gestations and leading to fetal growth retardation, infant morbidity and mortality, premature birth, and maternal death. Currently, effective treatment options for PE are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of olive leaf extract (OLE) and nifedipine, alone and in combination, in improving pregnancy outcomes in rats induced with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME). Rats were treated with single and combination treatments of nifedipine and OLE for four weeks, after being induced with L-NAME for six weeks. Following gestational day assessment and systolic blood pressure testing, the rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected for Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Malondialdehyde (MDA), proteinuria and Creatinine (SCr) Levels examinations. The results revealed the combination of nifedipine and OLE significantly improved the results of several biomarker analyses associated with PE, including increased NGAL levels, a significant decrease in MDA levels, decrease in proteinuria and elevated creatinine levels. The combination nifedipine and OLE treatment also exhibited a significant antihypertensive effect compared to either nifedipine or OLE monotherapy, as evidenced by the reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. This study provides novel evidence for the potential of olive leaf extract as a nutraceutical adjunct for the prevention and treatment of PE. The significant improvements observed in several pathological features associated with PE, including antihypertensive effects, warrant further investigation. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of action and exploring the clinical applicability of olive leaf extract in human populations with PE.
子痫前期（PE）是妊娠期的一个重要健康问题，影响到 6%-7% 的妊娠，导致胎儿发育迟缓、婴儿发病率和死亡率、早产和产妇死亡。目前，针对 PE 的有效治疗方案十分有限。本研究旨在评估橄榄叶提取物（OLE）和硝苯地平单独或联合使用对ω-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯盐酸盐（L-NAME）诱导的大鼠改善妊娠结局的治疗潜力。在用 L-NAME 诱导大鼠妊娠六周后，对大鼠进行为期四周的硝苯地平和 OLE 单药和联合治疗。在进行妊娠日评估和收缩压测试后，大鼠被处死，并采集血样进行中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂联素（NGAL）、丙二醛（MDA）、蛋白尿和肌酐（SCr）水平检查。结果显示，联合使用硝苯地平和 OLE 能明显改善与 PE 相关的几项生物标志物分析结果，包括 NGAL 水平升高、MDA 水平明显降低、蛋白尿减少和肌酐水平升高。与硝苯地平或 OLE 单药治疗相比，硝苯地平和 OLE 联合治疗也具有显著的降压效果，收缩压和舒张压水平的降低就证明了这一点。这项研究为橄榄叶提取物作为预防和治疗 PE 的营养保健辅助药物的潜力提供了新的证据。在与 PE 相关的几个病理特征方面观察到的明显改善，包括降压作用，值得进一步研究。未来的研究应侧重于阐明其潜在的作用机制，并探索橄榄叶提取物在患有 PE 的人群中的临床适用性。
{"title":"Effects of olive leaf extract and nifedipine, alone and in combination, on blood pressure, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, malondialdehyde, and creatinine levels in an Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced rat model of preeclampsia","authors":"Yetti Anggraini, S. Soetrisno, B. Wasita, R. Cilmiaty","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e122471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e122471","url":null,"abstract":"Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant health problem in pregnancy, affecting 6–7% of all gestations and leading to fetal growth retardation, infant morbidity and mortality, premature birth, and maternal death. Currently, effective treatment options for PE are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of olive leaf extract (OLE) and nifedipine, alone and in combination, in improving pregnancy outcomes in rats induced with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME). Rats were treated with single and combination treatments of nifedipine and OLE for four weeks, after being induced with L-NAME for six weeks. Following gestational day assessment and systolic blood pressure testing, the rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected for Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Malondialdehyde (MDA), proteinuria and Creatinine (SCr) Levels examinations. The results revealed the combination of nifedipine and OLE significantly improved the results of several biomarker analyses associated with PE, including increased NGAL levels, a significant decrease in MDA levels, decrease in proteinuria and elevated creatinine levels. The combination nifedipine and OLE treatment also exhibited a significant antihypertensive effect compared to either nifedipine or OLE monotherapy, as evidenced by the reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. This study provides novel evidence for the potential of olive leaf extract as a nutraceutical adjunct for the prevention and treatment of PE. The significant improvements observed in several pathological features associated with PE, including antihypertensive effects, warrant further investigation. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of action and exploring the clinical applicability of olive leaf extract in human populations with PE.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120686
Irina Vaneva, Ibryam Ibryam, Rumyana Kuzmanova
Anti-epileptic drugs (AED) are being widely used in neurological practice. These are being prescribed as standard treatment not only of epilepsy, but also in various non-epileptic conditions, such as psychic illnesses and chronic pain. The main issue for women with epilepsy and their doctors during the AED administration is child and mother’s safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Anti-epileptic treatment during these periods could have an unfavourable impact on the frequency of mother’s seizures and child’s psychomotor development. Breastfeeding-related risks during the AED administration remain theoretical, bearing in mind the insufficient data from the limited previously undertaken research. In view of the established benefits from breastfeeding for babies’ long-term health in the general population, breastfeeding is to be promoted, with discretion on whether this should be balanced, individual, with monitoring of AED concentration in mother’s milk and mother and breastfed child’s serum.
{"title":"Intake of anticonvulsant drugs by women with epilepsy during pregnancy and breastfeeding: advantages and disadvantages","authors":"Irina Vaneva, Ibryam Ibryam, Rumyana Kuzmanova","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120686","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-epileptic drugs (AED) are being widely used in neurological practice. These are being prescribed as standard treatment not only of epilepsy, but also in various non-epileptic conditions, such as psychic illnesses and chronic pain.\u0000 The main issue for women with epilepsy and their doctors during the AED administration is child and mother’s safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Anti-epileptic treatment during these periods could have an unfavourable impact on the frequency of mother’s seizures and child’s psychomotor development. Breastfeeding-related risks during the AED administration remain theoretical, bearing in mind the insufficient data from the limited previously undertaken research. In view of the established benefits from breastfeeding for babies’ long-term health in the general population, breastfeeding is to be promoted, with discretion on whether this should be balanced, individual, with monitoring of AED concentration in mother’s milk and mother and breastfed child’s serum.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117823
Reem A. Issa, Mahmoud Abu Samak, Manal M. Abbas, Talal Al-Qaisi, Razan Obeidat, Bayan Y. Ghanim, NA Qinna
The necessity of maintaining healthy habits, diet and minimal medical complications is challenging. The current study investigates Equisetum ramosissimum on levels of leptin, ghrelin, and their ratio in association with body weight changes in animals receiving standard and high-fat diet. Ethanolic extract was prepared by maceration and total phenols and flavonoids contents were determined using Folin-cicalto and AlCl3 methods. Study animals were fed with either standard or high-fat diets prior treatment with E. ramosissimum extract (500mg/kg). Body weights were monitored and serum concentrations of leptin, ghrelin and their ratios were determined. The plant extract comprised total phenols and flavonoids of 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/mg as Gallic acid, and 0.04 ± 0.03 mg/mg as quercetin, respectively. Findings revealed significant decrease in body weights of standard-diet animals and restoration of weight to normal after treatment with extract along with significant increase in serum ghrelin concentrations with strong correlation R and R2 values in respect to body weight. As well, significant reduction in serum leptin/ghrelin ratio was positively correlated with body weight and serum leptin levels. E. ramosissimum extract possessed promising characteristics on being introduced in dietary supplements and weight control regimens. The current study presented the influence of extract in decreasing body weight in animals fed with standard diet. Moreover, it restored the weights of obese animals which received the extract after gaining weight and being on high-fat diet. Further preclinical studies are warranted to reveal the translational potentials of E. ramosissimum extract and its vital effect on adipokines.
保持健康的生活习惯和饮食习惯，并将医疗并发症降至最低是一项具有挑战性的工作。本研究探讨了马钱子对标准饮食和高脂饮食动物瘦素、胃泌素水平及其比率与体重变化的影响。浸渍法制备乙醇提取物，采用 Folin-cicalto 和 AlCl3 方法测定总酚和类黄酮含量。研究动物在接受雷公藤提取物（500 毫克/千克）处理之前，均以标准或高脂肪饮食喂养。对体重进行监测，并测定血清中瘦素、胃泌素的浓度及其比率。植物提取物的总酚和类黄酮含量分别为 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/mg （没食子酸）和 0.04 ± 0.03 mg/mg （槲皮素）。研究结果表明，标准饮食动物的体重明显下降，使用萃取物处理后体重恢复正常，同时血清胃泌素浓度明显升高，与体重的 R 和 R2 值密切相关。此外，血清瘦素/胃泌素比值明显降低，与体重和血清瘦素水平呈正相关。在膳食补充剂和体重控制方案中引入 E. ramosissimum 提取物具有很好的前景。目前的研究表明，萃取物对降低以标准饮食喂养的动物的体重有影响。此外，肥胖动物在体重增加和摄入高脂肪饮食后摄入提取物，其体重也得到了恢复。为了揭示 E. ramosissimum 提取物的转化潜力及其对脂肪因子的重要影响，有必要开展进一步的临床前研究。
{"title":"Effect of Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. on body weight and Leptin/Ghrelin in standard and high-fat diet","authors":"Reem A. Issa, Mahmoud Abu Samak, Manal M. Abbas, Talal Al-Qaisi, Razan Obeidat, Bayan Y. Ghanim, NA Qinna","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117823","url":null,"abstract":"The necessity of maintaining healthy habits, diet and minimal medical complications is challenging. The current study investigates Equisetum ramosissimum on levels of leptin, ghrelin, and their ratio in association with body weight changes in animals receiving standard and high-fat diet. Ethanolic extract was prepared by maceration and total phenols and flavonoids contents were determined using Folin-cicalto and AlCl3 methods. Study animals were fed with either standard or high-fat diets prior treatment with E. ramosissimum extract (500mg/kg). Body weights were monitored and serum concentrations of leptin, ghrelin and their ratios were determined. The plant extract comprised total phenols and flavonoids of 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/mg as Gallic acid, and 0.04 ± 0.03 mg/mg as quercetin, respectively. Findings revealed significant decrease in body weights of standard-diet animals and restoration of weight to normal after treatment with extract along with significant increase in serum ghrelin concentrations with strong correlation R and R2 values in respect to body weight. As well, significant reduction in serum leptin/ghrelin ratio was positively correlated with body weight and serum leptin levels. E. ramosissimum extract possessed promising characteristics on being introduced in dietary supplements and weight control regimens. The current study presented the influence of extract in decreasing body weight in animals fed with standard diet. Moreover, it restored the weights of obese animals which received the extract after gaining weight and being on high-fat diet. Further preclinical studies are warranted to reveal the translational potentials of E. ramosissimum extract and its vital effect on adipokines.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120826
Hening Pratiwi, S. A. Kristina, Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, Y. Prabandari
Empathy is required not only by healthcare professionals but also by students as healthcare professionals’ candidates. The research into the development of empathy in healthcare students is essential in the field of health education. This study aimed to investigate research trends in the topic of healthcare students’ empathy using bibliometric analysis. We used the Scopus database on June 17, 2023, and “empathy” AND “students” AND “pharmacy” OR “medical” OR “dentist” OR “nurse” OR “nutritionist” are the search keywords. The remaining articles were examined using VOSviewer software. The results demonstrated a rapid increase in research on the topic of healthcare students’ empathy between 2014 and 2023. The most prolific authors were Hojat, M., and Diaz-Narváez. The United States has the most publications and citations in this discipline. The keywords used in the current study were grouped into 7 clusters, and the term “human” is most frequently used. Our study contributes significantly to the developing literature on empathy for healthcare students.
{"title":"Mapping the research on healthcare students’ empathy: Insights from a bibliometric analysis","authors":"Hening Pratiwi, S. A. Kristina, Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, Y. Prabandari","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e120826","url":null,"abstract":"Empathy is required not only by healthcare professionals but also by students as healthcare professionals’ candidates. The research into the development of empathy in healthcare students is essential in the field of health education. This study aimed to investigate research trends in the topic of healthcare students’ empathy using bibliometric analysis. We used the Scopus database on June 17, 2023, and “empathy” AND “students” AND “pharmacy” OR “medical” OR “dentist” OR “nurse” OR “nutritionist” are the search keywords. The remaining articles were examined using VOSviewer software. The results demonstrated a rapid increase in research on the topic of healthcare students’ empathy between 2014 and 2023. The most prolific authors were Hojat, M., and Diaz-Narváez. The United States has the most publications and citations in this discipline. The keywords used in the current study were grouped into 7 clusters, and the term “human” is most frequently used. Our study contributes significantly to the developing literature on empathy for healthcare students.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e119866
E. Mateev, Ali Irfan, Alexandrina Mateeva, M. Georgieva, A. Zlatkov
The detection of pyrrole rings in numerous organic compounds with various pharmacological activities, emphasizes its huge importance in medicinal chemistry. Thus, the synthesis of pyrroles continues to arouse interest and Paal-Knorr condensation is considered to be the main synthetic route. A significant advance has been made since the MW activation was introduced in the organic synthesis which can be confirmed with the rapid growth of the published papers on that topic. Microwave irradiation is gaining popularity since faster reaction time, higher yields, easier work-up and reduced energy input can be achieved. Furthermore, it appears in numerous green chemistry protocols. The aim of the current article was to provide insights into the microwave syntheses of pyrrole derivatives, focusing on the most used synthetic approaches - Paal-Knorr, Clauson-Kaas, Barton-Zard, Hantzsch and others. The article was divided into several sections starting with the principles of the microwave organic synthesis. Thereafter the structure and the main pharmacological effects of the pyrrole derivatives were examined. Subsequently, articles describing the synthesis of pyrroles via Paal-Knorr, Hantzsch, Clauson-Kaas and Barton– Zard were discussed. All the reviewed papers conclude a significant reduction of the reaction times after MW irradiation compared to conventional heating.
{"title":"Microwave-assisted organic synthesis of pyrroles (Review)","authors":"E. Mateev, Ali Irfan, Alexandrina Mateeva, M. Georgieva, A. Zlatkov","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e119866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e119866","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of pyrrole rings in numerous organic compounds with various pharmacological activities, emphasizes its huge importance in medicinal chemistry. Thus, the synthesis of pyrroles continues to arouse interest and Paal-Knorr condensation is considered to be the main synthetic route. A significant advance has been made since the MW activation was introduced in the organic synthesis which can be confirmed with the rapid growth of the published papers on that topic. Microwave irradiation is gaining popularity since faster reaction time, higher yields, easier work-up and reduced energy input can be achieved. Furthermore, it appears in numerous green chemistry protocols. The aim of the current article was to provide insights into the microwave syntheses of pyrrole derivatives, focusing on the most used synthetic approaches - Paal-Knorr, Clauson-Kaas, Barton-Zard, Hantzsch and others. The article was divided into several sections starting with the principles of the microwave organic synthesis. Thereafter the structure and the main pharmacological effects of the pyrrole derivatives were examined. Subsequently, articles describing the synthesis of pyrroles via Paal-Knorr, Hantzsch, Clauson-Kaas and Barton– Zard were discussed. All the reviewed papers conclude a significant reduction of the reaction times after MW irradiation compared to conventional heating.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.71.e113755
S. Shishkov, K. Hristozov, Atanas Angelov, Svetoslava Slavcheva, Yana Bocheva, M. Boyadzhieva
The role of androgens and estrogens in cardiovascular disease is a subject of ongoing studies. Therefore, we aim to explore the association of testosterone (T), estradiol and their ratio with cardiovascular risk factors and severity of cardiac ischemia in male patients with acute coronary syndrome. (ACS) n = 72 and controls (n = 35) Lower values of both total and free T were found in the ACS group compared to controls (8.97 vs. 10.98 nmol/l, p = 0.001 for total T and 0.189 vs. 0.223 nmol/l, p = 0.006 for free T). Patients with myocardial infarction with ST-elevation had significantly lower T fractions compared to ACS without ST-elevation. The T to estradiol ratio was significantly lower in the ACS group compared to controls and is lowest in those with STEMI. Also, all testosterone fractions – free, bioavailable, and free T, are lower in patients with ACS compared to controls. Based on these observations a conclusion can be drawn that amore estrogenic environment is associated with ST-elevation and correlates with the severity of ACS in male patients.
{"title":"Testosterone, estradiol and their ratio in male patients with acute coronary syndrome","authors":"S. Shishkov, K. Hristozov, Atanas Angelov, Svetoslava Slavcheva, Yana Bocheva, M. Boyadzhieva","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e113755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e113755","url":null,"abstract":"The role of androgens and estrogens in cardiovascular disease is a subject of ongoing studies. Therefore, we aim to explore the association of testosterone (T), estradiol and their ratio with cardiovascular risk factors and severity of cardiac ischemia in male patients with acute coronary syndrome. (ACS) n = 72 and controls (n = 35) Lower values of both total and free T were found in the ACS group compared to controls (8.97 vs. 10.98 nmol/l, p = 0.001 for total T and 0.189 vs. 0.223 nmol/l, p = 0.006 for free T). Patients with myocardial infarction with ST-elevation had significantly lower T fractions compared to ACS without ST-elevation. The T to estradiol ratio was significantly lower in the ACS group compared to controls and is lowest in those with STEMI. Also, all testosterone fractions – free, bioavailable, and free T, are lower in patients with ACS compared to controls. Based on these observations a conclusion can be drawn that amore estrogenic environment is associated with ST-elevation and correlates with the severity of ACS in male patients.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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