Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1393165
Corrado Calì
{"title":"Regulated exocytosis from astrocytes: a matter of vesicles?","authors":"Corrado Calì","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1393165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1393165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1422477
Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina, Michal Bialy
{"title":"Editorial: Sexual behavior research: towards an understanding of CNS and spinal cord modulation of male sexual behavior and sexual dysfunctions","authors":"Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina, Michal Bialy","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1422477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1422477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1366761
Yaqiong Xiao, Lei Gao, Yubin Hu
Research has shown disrupted structural network measures related to cognitive decline and future cortical atrophy during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, evidence regarding the individual variability of gray matter network measures and the associations with concurrent cognitive decline and cortical atrophy related to AD is still sparse.To investigate whether alterations in single-subject gray matter networks are related to concurrent cognitive decline and cortical gray matter atrophy during AD progression.We analyzed structural MRI data from 185 cognitively normal (CN), 150 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 153 AD participants, and calculated the global network metrics of gray matter networks for each participant. We examined the alterations of single-subject gray matter networks in patients with MCI and AD, and investigated the associations of network metrics with concurrent cognitive decline and cortical gray matter atrophy.The small-world properties including gamma, lambda, and sigma had lower values in the MCI and AD groups than the CN group. AD patients had reduced degree, clustering coefficient, and path length than the CN and MCI groups. We observed significant associations of cognitive ability with degree in the CN group, with gamma and sigma in the MCI group, and with degree, connectivity density, clustering coefficient, and path length in the AD group. There were significant correlation patterns between sigma values and cortical gray matter volume in the CN, MCI, and AD groups.These findings suggest the individual variability of gray matter network metrics may be valuable to track concurrent cognitive decline and cortical atrophy during AD progression. This may contribute to a better understanding of cognitive decline and brain morphological alterations related to AD.
{"title":"Disrupted single-subject gray matter networks are associated with cognitive decline and cortical atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Yaqiong Xiao, Lei Gao, Yubin Hu","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1366761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1366761","url":null,"abstract":"Research has shown disrupted structural network measures related to cognitive decline and future cortical atrophy during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, evidence regarding the individual variability of gray matter network measures and the associations with concurrent cognitive decline and cortical atrophy related to AD is still sparse.To investigate whether alterations in single-subject gray matter networks are related to concurrent cognitive decline and cortical gray matter atrophy during AD progression.We analyzed structural MRI data from 185 cognitively normal (CN), 150 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 153 AD participants, and calculated the global network metrics of gray matter networks for each participant. We examined the alterations of single-subject gray matter networks in patients with MCI and AD, and investigated the associations of network metrics with concurrent cognitive decline and cortical gray matter atrophy.The small-world properties including gamma, lambda, and sigma had lower values in the MCI and AD groups than the CN group. AD patients had reduced degree, clustering coefficient, and path length than the CN and MCI groups. We observed significant associations of cognitive ability with degree in the CN group, with gamma and sigma in the MCI group, and with degree, connectivity density, clustering coefficient, and path length in the AD group. There were significant correlation patterns between sigma values and cortical gray matter volume in the CN, MCI, and AD groups.These findings suggest the individual variability of gray matter network metrics may be valuable to track concurrent cognitive decline and cortical atrophy during AD progression. This may contribute to a better understanding of cognitive decline and brain morphological alterations related to AD.","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1400923
Charlotte Petit, Marie de Deus, Thomas Schwitzer
{"title":"Commentary: Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies","authors":"Charlotte Petit, Marie de Deus, Thomas Schwitzer","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1400923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1400923","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1422351
N. Alza, Gabriela A. Salvador, Nora E. Gray, Ginpreet Kaur
{"title":"Editorial: Plant-derived natural products: towards novel interventions for neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"N. Alza, Gabriela A. Salvador, Nora E. Gray, Ginpreet Kaur","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1422351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1422351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"28 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1344653
Pham Ngoc Thao, M. Nishijo, P. Tai, Tran Ngoc Nghi, Takashi Yokawa, Vu Thi Hoa, Tran Viet Tien, Nguyễn Xuân Kiên, T. H. Anh, Yoshikazu Nishino, Hisao Nishijo
Effects of dioxin exposure on gray matter volume have been reported in previous studies, but a few studies reported effects of dioxin exposure on white matter structure. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the impact of dioxin exposure on white matter microstructure in men living in the most severely dioxin-contaminated areas in Vietnam.In 2019 brain MRI scans from 28 men living near Bien Hoa airbase were obtained at Dong Nai General Hospital, Vietnam, on a 3 T scanner using a conventional diffusion tensor imaging sequence. Two exposure markers were indicated by perinatal exposure estimated by assessment of maternal residency in a dioxin-contaminated area during pregnancy and by measurement of blood dioxin levels. A general linear model was used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) values in 11 white matter tracts in both hemispheres between groups with and without perinatal dioxin exposure and groups with high and low blood dioxin levels after adjusting for covariates.The adjusted mean FA value in the left cingulum hippocampal part (CGH) was significantly lower in the perinatal dioxin exposure group compared with the group without perinatal dioxin exposure. The high blood TCDD group showed significantly reduced FA values in the left and right CGH and right uncinate fasciculus (UNC). Moreover, the high blood TEQ-PCDDs group showed significantly lower FA values in the left and right CGH and the left UNC. There were no significant differences in FA values between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDFs levels or between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDD/Fs levels.It was concluded that dioxin exposure during the perinatal period and adulthood may alter the microstructure of white matter tracts in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.
以往的研究已经报道了暴露于二恶英对灰质体积的影响，但很少有研究报道暴露于二恶英对白质结构的影响。因此，本研究旨在调查二恶英暴露对居住在越南二恶英污染最严重地区的男性白质微观结构的影响。2019 年，越南同奈总医院在 3 T 扫描仪上使用传统的扩散张量成像序列对居住在边和空军基地附近的 28 名男性进行了脑部核磁共振成像扫描。通过评估母亲怀孕期间在二恶英污染地区的居住情况和测量血液中的二恶英水平来估计围产期暴露情况，从而得出两个暴露标记。在调整协变量后，采用一般线性模型比较了围产期暴露于二恶英和未暴露于二恶英组，以及血液中二恶英水平高和低组的两个半球11个白质束的分数各向异性（FA）值。高血TCDD组的左右CGH和右侧钩状束（UNC）的FA值明显降低。此外，高TEQ-PCDDs血药浓度组的左右CGH和左UNC的FA值明显降低。结论是围产期和成年期二恶英暴露可能会改变神经发育障碍患者白质束的微观结构。
{"title":"Impacts of dioxin exposure on brain connectivity estimated by DTI analysis of MRI images in men residing in contaminated areas of Vietnam","authors":"Pham Ngoc Thao, M. Nishijo, P. Tai, Tran Ngoc Nghi, Takashi Yokawa, Vu Thi Hoa, Tran Viet Tien, Nguyễn Xuân Kiên, T. H. Anh, Yoshikazu Nishino, Hisao Nishijo","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1344653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1344653","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of dioxin exposure on gray matter volume have been reported in previous studies, but a few studies reported effects of dioxin exposure on white matter structure. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the impact of dioxin exposure on white matter microstructure in men living in the most severely dioxin-contaminated areas in Vietnam.In 2019 brain MRI scans from 28 men living near Bien Hoa airbase were obtained at Dong Nai General Hospital, Vietnam, on a 3 T scanner using a conventional diffusion tensor imaging sequence. Two exposure markers were indicated by perinatal exposure estimated by assessment of maternal residency in a dioxin-contaminated area during pregnancy and by measurement of blood dioxin levels. A general linear model was used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) values in 11 white matter tracts in both hemispheres between groups with and without perinatal dioxin exposure and groups with high and low blood dioxin levels after adjusting for covariates.The adjusted mean FA value in the left cingulum hippocampal part (CGH) was significantly lower in the perinatal dioxin exposure group compared with the group without perinatal dioxin exposure. The high blood TCDD group showed significantly reduced FA values in the left and right CGH and right uncinate fasciculus (UNC). Moreover, the high blood TEQ-PCDDs group showed significantly lower FA values in the left and right CGH and the left UNC. There were no significant differences in FA values between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDFs levels or between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDD/Fs levels.It was concluded that dioxin exposure during the perinatal period and adulthood may alter the microstructure of white matter tracts in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1328704
Byoung-Gyu Song, Namcheol Kang
The discomfort caused by whole-body vibration (WBV) has long been assessed using subjective surveys or objective measurements of body acceleration. However, surveys have the disadvantage that some of participants often express their feelings in a capricious manner, and acceleration data cannot take into account individual preferences and experiences of their emotions. In this study, we investigated vibration-induced mental stress using the electroencephalogram (EEG) of 22 seated occupants excited by random vibrations. Between the acceleration and the EEG signal, which contains electrical noise due to the head shaking caused by random vibrations, we found that there was a strong correlation, which acts as an artifact in the EEG, and therefore we removed it using an adaptive filter. After removing the artifact, we analyzed the characteristics of the brainwaves using topographic maps and observed that the activities detected in the frontal electrodes showed significant differences between the static and vibration conditions. Further, frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) and relative band power indices in the frontal electrodes were analyzed statistically to assess mental stress under WBV. As the vibration level increased, EEG analysis in the frontal electrodes showed a decrease in FAA and alpha power but an increase in gamma power. These results are in good agreement with the literature in the sense that FAA and alpha band power decreases with increasing stress, thus demonstrating that WBV causes mental stress and that the stress increases with the vibration level. EEG assessment of stress during WBV is expected to be used in the evaluation of ride comfort alongside existing self-report and acceleration methods.
{"title":"Removal of movement artifacts and assessment of mental stress analyzing electroencephalogram of non-driving passengers under whole-body vibration","authors":"Byoung-Gyu Song, Namcheol Kang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2024.1328704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1328704","url":null,"abstract":"The discomfort caused by whole-body vibration (WBV) has long been assessed using subjective surveys or objective measurements of body acceleration. However, surveys have the disadvantage that some of participants often express their feelings in a capricious manner, and acceleration data cannot take into account individual preferences and experiences of their emotions. In this study, we investigated vibration-induced mental stress using the electroencephalogram (EEG) of 22 seated occupants excited by random vibrations. Between the acceleration and the EEG signal, which contains electrical noise due to the head shaking caused by random vibrations, we found that there was a strong correlation, which acts as an artifact in the EEG, and therefore we removed it using an adaptive filter. After removing the artifact, we analyzed the characteristics of the brainwaves using topographic maps and observed that the activities detected in the frontal electrodes showed significant differences between the static and vibration conditions. Further, frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) and relative band power indices in the frontal electrodes were analyzed statistically to assess mental stress under WBV. As the vibration level increased, EEG analysis in the frontal electrodes showed a decrease in FAA and alpha power but an increase in gamma power. These results are in good agreement with the literature in the sense that FAA and alpha band power decreases with increasing stress, thus demonstrating that WBV causes mental stress and that the stress increases with the vibration level. EEG assessment of stress during WBV is expected to be used in the evaluation of ride comfort alongside existing self-report and acceleration methods.","PeriodicalId":509131,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"64 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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