Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-11-2022-0274
T. Venkateswarulu, Asra Tasneem Shaik, Druthi Sri Meduri, Vajiha Vajiha, Kalyani Dhusia, A. Peele
PurposeMucorales has been described to be widely distributed during the most recent COVID-19 pandemic, with a greater frequency of disease in India, particularly among those with immune deficiencies. This study aims to use computational tools to develop a vaccine.Design/methodology/approachThe authors investigated at Mucorales proteins that had previously been associated to virulence factors. Recent research suggests that a vaccine based on high-level cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), helper T lymphocyte (HTL) and B-cell lymphocyte (BCL) epitopes from diverse proteins might be developed. Furthermore, the vaccine assembly contains the targeted epitopes as well as PADRE peptides to induce an immune response. Computational approaches were used to analyze the immunological parameters used to build the suggested vaccine and validate its TLR-3 binding.FindingsThese studies show that the vaccination is capable of triggering a particular immune response. The authors offer a technique for developing and evaluating candidate vaccines using computational tools. To the best of their knowledge, this is the first immunoinformatic research of a prospective mucormycosis vaccine.Originality/valueDuring this audit, a successful attempt was made to create a subunit MEV against black fungus. In the current study, MEV has been proposed as a suitable neutralizer candidate since it is immunogenic, secure, stable and interacts with human receptors. A stream study, on the other hand, is produced via a mixed vaccinosis approach. Following that, vaccinologists may perform more exploratory testing to evaluate whether the vaccine is effective.
{"title":"In silico designing of a multitope vaccine against Rhizopus microspores","authors":"T. Venkateswarulu, Asra Tasneem Shaik, Druthi Sri Meduri, Vajiha Vajiha, Kalyani Dhusia, A. Peele","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-11-2022-0274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-11-2022-0274","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeMucorales has been described to be widely distributed during the most recent COVID-19 pandemic, with a greater frequency of disease in India, particularly among those with immune deficiencies. This study aims to use computational tools to develop a vaccine.Design/methodology/approachThe authors investigated at Mucorales proteins that had previously been associated to virulence factors. Recent research suggests that a vaccine based on high-level cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), helper T lymphocyte (HTL) and B-cell lymphocyte (BCL) epitopes from diverse proteins might be developed. Furthermore, the vaccine assembly contains the targeted epitopes as well as PADRE peptides to induce an immune response. Computational approaches were used to analyze the immunological parameters used to build the suggested vaccine and validate its TLR-3 binding.FindingsThese studies show that the vaccination is capable of triggering a particular immune response. The authors offer a technique for developing and evaluating candidate vaccines using computational tools. To the best of their knowledge, this is the first immunoinformatic research of a prospective mucormycosis vaccine.Originality/valueDuring this audit, a successful attempt was made to create a subunit MEV against black fungus. In the current study, MEV has been proposed as a suitable neutralizer candidate since it is immunogenic, secure, stable and interacts with human receptors. A stream study, on the other hand, is produced via a mixed vaccinosis approach. Following that, vaccinologists may perform more exploratory testing to evaluate whether the vaccine is effective.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79591814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-03-2023-0133
Richmond Kumi, R. Bannor, H. Oppong-Kyeremeh, Jennifer Ellah Adaletey
PurposeThis paper examined tax compliance and its impact on agrochemical traders in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachBased on the registered agrochemical lists obtained from the Plant Protection and Regulatory Service Department, 92 agrochemical traders were sampled for data collection. Probit regression was used to estimate determinants of tax compliance, whereas the Inverse Probability Weighted Regression Adjustment Model was employed to evaluate the impact of tax compliance on business performance.FindingsThe results revealed that age and gender relate positively to enforced tax compliance, while education positively impacts voluntary tax compliance. Nonetheless, tax rate, trust and monthly sales positively affect voluntary tax compliance but negatively impact enforced tax compliance. Inversely, while authorities’ power negatively impacted voluntary compliance, it positively influenced enforced tax compliance confirming the Slippery Slope Framework.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the authors, this paper is the first to investigate tax compliance determinants and impact among agrochemical traders, despite the tremendous growth of the agrochemical sub-sector in Africa and Ghana. Therefore, this study makes a modest contribution to empirical studies that validate the Slippery Slope Framework in promoting tax compliance in the agricultural and agribusiness sectors of a developing country. Similarly, it also unearths the impact of tax compliance on agribusiness growth which has yet to be highlighted in the extant literature.
{"title":"Voluntary and enforced tax compliance determinants and impact among agrochemical businesses in Ghana","authors":"Richmond Kumi, R. Bannor, H. Oppong-Kyeremeh, Jennifer Ellah Adaletey","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-03-2023-0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-03-2023-0133","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis paper examined tax compliance and its impact on agrochemical traders in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachBased on the registered agrochemical lists obtained from the Plant Protection and Regulatory Service Department, 92 agrochemical traders were sampled for data collection. Probit regression was used to estimate determinants of tax compliance, whereas the Inverse Probability Weighted Regression Adjustment Model was employed to evaluate the impact of tax compliance on business performance.FindingsThe results revealed that age and gender relate positively to enforced tax compliance, while education positively impacts voluntary tax compliance. Nonetheless, tax rate, trust and monthly sales positively affect voluntary tax compliance but negatively impact enforced tax compliance. Inversely, while authorities’ power negatively impacted voluntary compliance, it positively influenced enforced tax compliance confirming the Slippery Slope Framework.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the authors, this paper is the first to investigate tax compliance determinants and impact among agrochemical traders, despite the tremendous growth of the agrochemical sub-sector in Africa and Ghana. Therefore, this study makes a modest contribution to empirical studies that validate the Slippery Slope Framework in promoting tax compliance in the agricultural and agribusiness sectors of a developing country. Similarly, it also unearths the impact of tax compliance on agribusiness growth which has yet to be highlighted in the extant literature.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88126022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0020
M. Alsanad
PurposeThe present study focused on examining the effect of treated wastewater (TWW) on soil chemical properties. Also, efforts were made to compare the soil chemical properties under TWW irrigation with that under groundwater (GW).Design/methodology/approachDuring the years 2021 and 2022, surface and subsurface soil samples were randomly collected in triplicate by using an auger fortnightly at two depths (20 and 40 cm) from the selected spot areas to represent the different types of irrigation water sources: TWW and GW. Samples of the GW and the TWW were collected for analysis.FindingsThis study examines the impact of TWW on soil characteristics and the surrounding environment. TWW use enhances soil organic matter, nutrient availability and salt redistribution, while reducing calcium carbonate accumulation in the topsoil. However, it negatively affects soil pH, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio, although remaining within acceptable limits. Generally, irrigating with TWW improves most soil chemical properties compared to GW.Originality/valueIn general, almost all of the soil’s chemical properties were improved by irrigating with TWW rather than GW. Following that, wastewater is used to irrigate the soil. Additionally, the application of gypsum to control the K/Na and Ca/Na ratios should be considered under long-term TWW and GW usage in this study area in order to control the salt accumulation as well as prevent soil conversion to saline-sodic soil in the future. However, more research is needed to thoroughly investigate the long-term effects of using TWW on soil properties as well as heavy metal accumulation in soil.
{"title":"The environmental assessment of soil chemical properties irrigated with treated wastewater under arid ecosystem of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Alsanad","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe present study focused on examining the effect of treated wastewater (TWW) on soil chemical properties. Also, efforts were made to compare the soil chemical properties under TWW irrigation with that under groundwater (GW).Design/methodology/approachDuring the years 2021 and 2022, surface and subsurface soil samples were randomly collected in triplicate by using an auger fortnightly at two depths (20 and 40 cm) from the selected spot areas to represent the different types of irrigation water sources: TWW and GW. Samples of the GW and the TWW were collected for analysis.FindingsThis study examines the impact of TWW on soil characteristics and the surrounding environment. TWW use enhances soil organic matter, nutrient availability and salt redistribution, while reducing calcium carbonate accumulation in the topsoil. However, it negatively affects soil pH, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio, although remaining within acceptable limits. Generally, irrigating with TWW improves most soil chemical properties compared to GW.Originality/valueIn general, almost all of the soil’s chemical properties were improved by irrigating with TWW rather than GW. Following that, wastewater is used to irrigate the soil. Additionally, the application of gypsum to control the K/Na and Ca/Na ratios should be considered under long-term TWW and GW usage in this study area in order to control the salt accumulation as well as prevent soil conversion to saline-sodic soil in the future. However, more research is needed to thoroughly investigate the long-term effects of using TWW on soil properties as well as heavy metal accumulation in soil.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83975184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0006
S. Salem, Amaal Abdulqader Basaffar
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to present a training system on smart phones to develop fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment and then to determine the effectiveness of the training system in developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment.Design/methodology/approachThe analytical descriptive methodology and experimental methodology were used to examine the training system in developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate that the training system on smart phones was effective in developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some limitations such as limited sample size, lack of control group and lack of long-term.Practical implicationsThis study provides practical implications for educators, researchers and practitioners in terms of using smart phone applications in educational processes for people with disabilities.Social implicationsThis study has social implications for people with disabilities as it provides them with access to education through smart phone applications which can help them develop their skills in fashion and textile design.Originality/valueThis study presents an original model of a training system on smart phones for developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment, which can be used as a reference for other studies related to this field.
{"title":"A training system on smart phones to develop fashion and textile concepts for the female students with severe hearing impairment","authors":"S. Salem, Amaal Abdulqader Basaffar","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-01-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe purpose of this study is to present a training system on smart phones to develop fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment and then to determine the effectiveness of the training system in developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment.Design/methodology/approachThe analytical descriptive methodology and experimental methodology were used to examine the training system in developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate that the training system on smart phones was effective in developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some limitations such as limited sample size, lack of control group and lack of long-term.Practical implicationsThis study provides practical implications for educators, researchers and practitioners in terms of using smart phone applications in educational processes for people with disabilities.Social implicationsThis study has social implications for people with disabilities as it provides them with access to education through smart phone applications which can help them develop their skills in fashion and textile design.Originality/valueThis study presents an original model of a training system on smart phones for developing fashion and textile concepts among the female students with severe hearing impairment, which can be used as a reference for other studies related to this field.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89864328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-02-2023-0056
S. R. Diana, F. Farida
PurposeTechnology acceptance is a measure of that technology’s usefulness. Oil palm is one of the biggest contributors to Indonesia’s revenues, thus fueling its economy. Using remote sensing would allow a plantation to monitor and forecast its production and the amount of fertilizer used. This review aims to provide a policy recommendation in the form of a strategy to improve the added value of Indonesia’s oil palm and support the government in increasing oil palm production. This recommendation needs to be formulated by determining the users’ acceptance of remote sensing technology (state-owned plantations, private plantation companies and smallholder plantations).Design/methodology/approachThis review’s methodology used sentiment analysis through text mining (bag of words model). The study’s primary data were from focus group discussions (FGDs), questionnaires, observations on participants, audio-visual documentation and focused discussions based on group category. The results of interviews and FGDs were transcribed into text and analyzed to 1) find words that can represent the content of the document; 2) classify and determine the frequency (word cloud); and finally 3) analyze the sentiment.FindingsThe result showed that private plantation companies and state-owned plantations had extremely high positive sentiments toward using remote sensing in their oil palm plantations, whereas smallholders had a 60% resistance. However, there is still a possibility for this technology’s adoption by smallholders, provided it is free and easily applied.Research limitations/implicationsBasically, technology is applied to make work easier. However, not everyone is tech-savvy, especially the older generations. One dimension of technology acceptance is user/customer retention. New technology would not be immediately accepted, but there would be user perceptions about its uses and ease. At first, people might be reluctant to accept a new technology due to the perception that it is useless and difficult. Technology acceptance is the gauge of how useful technology is in making work easier compared to conventional ways.Practical implicationsTherefore, technology acceptance needs to be improved among smallholders by intensively socializing the policies, and through dissemination and dedication by academics and the government.Social implicationsThe social implications of using technology are reducing the workforce, but the company will be more profitable and efficient.Originality/valueRemote sensing is one of the topics that people have not taken up in a large way, especially sentiment analysis. Acceptance of technology that utilizes remote sensing for plantations is very useful and efficient. In the end, company profits can be allocated more toward empowering the community and the environment.
{"title":"Applying bag of words approach to determine remote sensing technology acceptance among smallholder plantations","authors":"S. R. Diana, F. Farida","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-02-2023-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-02-2023-0056","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeTechnology acceptance is a measure of that technology’s usefulness. Oil palm is one of the biggest contributors to Indonesia’s revenues, thus fueling its economy. Using remote sensing would allow a plantation to monitor and forecast its production and the amount of fertilizer used. This review aims to provide a policy recommendation in the form of a strategy to improve the added value of Indonesia’s oil palm and support the government in increasing oil palm production. This recommendation needs to be formulated by determining the users’ acceptance of remote sensing technology (state-owned plantations, private plantation companies and smallholder plantations).Design/methodology/approachThis review’s methodology used sentiment analysis through text mining (bag of words model). The study’s primary data were from focus group discussions (FGDs), questionnaires, observations on participants, audio-visual documentation and focused discussions based on group category. The results of interviews and FGDs were transcribed into text and analyzed to 1) find words that can represent the content of the document; 2) classify and determine the frequency (word cloud); and finally 3) analyze the sentiment.FindingsThe result showed that private plantation companies and state-owned plantations had extremely high positive sentiments toward using remote sensing in their oil palm plantations, whereas smallholders had a 60% resistance. However, there is still a possibility for this technology’s adoption by smallholders, provided it is free and easily applied.Research limitations/implicationsBasically, technology is applied to make work easier. However, not everyone is tech-savvy, especially the older generations. One dimension of technology acceptance is user/customer retention. New technology would not be immediately accepted, but there would be user perceptions about its uses and ease. At first, people might be reluctant to accept a new technology due to the perception that it is useless and difficult. Technology acceptance is the gauge of how useful technology is in making work easier compared to conventional ways.Practical implicationsTherefore, technology acceptance needs to be improved among smallholders by intensively socializing the policies, and through dissemination and dedication by academics and the government.Social implicationsThe social implications of using technology are reducing the workforce, but the company will be more profitable and efficient.Originality/valueRemote sensing is one of the topics that people have not taken up in a large way, especially sentiment analysis. Acceptance of technology that utilizes remote sensing for plantations is very useful and efficient. In the end, company profits can be allocated more toward empowering the community and the environment.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84322797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-11-2022-0266
Kanza Abid, Z. Shams, Muhammad Suleman Tahir, A. Zubair
PurposeThe presence of heavy metals in milk causes many acute and chronic physiological dysfunctions in human organs. The present study aims to investigate the heavy metals in cow's and buffalo's milk of two major cities, Karachi and Gujranwala, Pakistan to estimate metal intake by humans from this source.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 48 milk samples from 2 cities were drawn from animals' udder to avoid contamination. Each sample was digested with nitric acid at 105 oC (degree Celsius) on a pre-heated electric hot plate to investigate the metals by atomic absorption spectroscopy (flame type). Air-acetylene technique analyzed chromium, cadmium and lead, and the hydride method analyzed arsenic in the milk samples.FindingsThe results revealed the highest mean lead concentration (19.65 ± 43.86 ppb) in the milk samples, followed by chromium (2.10 ± 2.33 ppb) and arsenic (0.48 ± 0.73 ppb). Cadmium was not detected in any sample, assuming cadmium's occurrence was below the detection level. The concentrations of all the metals in the samples of the two cities do not differ statistically. Lead concentrations in the buffalo's milk were higher than in cow's milk (p < 0.05). However, the concentrations of arsenic and chromium between buffalo's and cow's milk do not differ statistically. The present study reveals a lower level of metals in the milk than those conducted elsewhere. The mean concentrations of all the metals met the World Health Organization's (WHO) safety guidelines (1993).Research limitations/implicationsAlthough cadmium causes toxicity in the human body, cadmium could not be measured because cadmium's concentration was below the detection level, which is 1 ppb.Practical implicationsThis study will help reduce the toxic metals in our environment, and the sources of heavy metals, particularly from the industrial sector could be identified. The feed and water consumed by the milking animals could be carefully used for feeding them.Social implicationsThis study will help reduce the diseases and malfunction of human organs and organ systems since these heavy metals cause toxicity and carcinogenicity in humans. Arsenic and chromium cause cancer while lead causes encephalopathy (a brain disease).Originality/valueThe study reports heavy metal concentrations in the two attributes of four independent variables of raw milk samples that were scarcely reported from Pakistan.
{"title":"Determination of heavy metals in cow's and buffalo's fresh raw milk from different areas of Pakistan","authors":"Kanza Abid, Z. Shams, Muhammad Suleman Tahir, A. Zubair","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-11-2022-0266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-11-2022-0266","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe presence of heavy metals in milk causes many acute and chronic physiological dysfunctions in human organs. The present study aims to investigate the heavy metals in cow's and buffalo's milk of two major cities, Karachi and Gujranwala, Pakistan to estimate metal intake by humans from this source.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 48 milk samples from 2 cities were drawn from animals' udder to avoid contamination. Each sample was digested with nitric acid at 105 oC (degree Celsius) on a pre-heated electric hot plate to investigate the metals by atomic absorption spectroscopy (flame type). Air-acetylene technique analyzed chromium, cadmium and lead, and the hydride method analyzed arsenic in the milk samples.FindingsThe results revealed the highest mean lead concentration (19.65 ± 43.86 ppb) in the milk samples, followed by chromium (2.10 ± 2.33 ppb) and arsenic (0.48 ± 0.73 ppb). Cadmium was not detected in any sample, assuming cadmium's occurrence was below the detection level. The concentrations of all the metals in the samples of the two cities do not differ statistically. Lead concentrations in the buffalo's milk were higher than in cow's milk (p < 0.05). However, the concentrations of arsenic and chromium between buffalo's and cow's milk do not differ statistically. The present study reveals a lower level of metals in the milk than those conducted elsewhere. The mean concentrations of all the metals met the World Health Organization's (WHO) safety guidelines (1993).Research limitations/implicationsAlthough cadmium causes toxicity in the human body, cadmium could not be measured because cadmium's concentration was below the detection level, which is 1 ppb.Practical implicationsThis study will help reduce the toxic metals in our environment, and the sources of heavy metals, particularly from the industrial sector could be identified. The feed and water consumed by the milking animals could be carefully used for feeding them.Social implicationsThis study will help reduce the diseases and malfunction of human organs and organ systems since these heavy metals cause toxicity and carcinogenicity in humans. Arsenic and chromium cause cancer while lead causes encephalopathy (a brain disease).Originality/valueThe study reports heavy metal concentrations in the two attributes of four independent variables of raw milk samples that were scarcely reported from Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73143760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-02-2023-0046
M. Al-Mssallem, S. N. Alarifi, Nora Ibrahim Al-Mssallem
Purpose Blood lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities are common among patients with diabetes. The study aimed to assess dietary fat intake and its association with blood lipids among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) considering sex differences.Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with patients (207 males and 197 females) with T2DM. The daily food intake and its contents of fat and fat types were assessed through face-to-face interview. Anthropometric measurements, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were initially recorded.Findings The results revealed that TC, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher in females than in males. However, the TC: HDL ratio was significantly higher in males than in females. The results also showed that the daily intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA) slightly exceeded the daily recommended allowance. However, the monounsaturated fatty acid + polyunsaturated fatty acid/SFA (MUFA + PUFA/SFA) ratio was within the recommended ratio. In addition, this study found that the main sources of SFA and cholesterol intake were milk and milk products. A significant association between high fat intake and HbA1c levels was observed (r = 0.234, p < 0.001).Research limitations/implications As it is a cross-sectional observational study, this study has the natural limitation where it can only demonstrate an association.Originality/value The types of dietary fat intake may contribute to blood lipid abnormalities and differences effects may exist among male and female. Studies on the effect of daily fat intake and its types on blood lipids in patients with diabetes, in particular Saudi patients with diabetes are limited. This study focused on the amount and type of the consumed fat among male and female Saudi patients with T2DM and studied the relationship between the type of consumed fat and blood lipid profiles.
目的:血脂和脂蛋白异常在糖尿病患者中很常见。该研究旨在评估考虑性别差异的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者饮食脂肪摄入量及其与血脂的关系。设计/方法/方法对T2DM患者(男性207例，女性197例)进行横断面观察性研究。通过面对面访谈的方式评估每日食物摄入量及其脂肪含量和脂肪种类。最初记录人体测量、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇。结果显示，女性的TC、LDL和HDL胆固醇水平明显高于男性。然而，男性的TC: HDL比值明显高于女性。结果还表明，每日摄入的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)略高于每日推荐允许量。而单不饱和脂肪酸+多不饱和脂肪酸/SFA (MUFA + PUFA/SFA)比值在推荐范围内。此外，本研究发现，SFA和胆固醇摄入的主要来源是牛奶和奶制品。高脂肪摄入与HbA1c水平显著相关(r = 0.234, p < 0.001)。研究局限性/启示由于这是一项横断面观察性研究，因此该研究具有天然的局限性，它只能证明一种关联。膳食脂肪摄入的类型可能会导致血脂异常，男女之间的影响可能存在差异。关于糖尿病患者，特别是沙特糖尿病患者每日脂肪摄入量及其类型对血脂影响的研究是有限的。本研究的重点是沙特男性和女性T2DM患者消耗的脂肪的数量和类型，并研究消耗的脂肪类型与血脂之间的关系。
{"title":"The association between different types of dietary fat intake and blood lipids in Type 2 diabetes patients: sex differences","authors":"M. Al-Mssallem, S. N. Alarifi, Nora Ibrahim Al-Mssallem","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-02-2023-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-02-2023-0046","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Blood lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities are common among patients with diabetes. The study aimed to assess dietary fat intake and its association with blood lipids among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) considering sex differences.Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with patients (207 males and 197 females) with T2DM. The daily food intake and its contents of fat and fat types were assessed through face-to-face interview. Anthropometric measurements, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were initially recorded.Findings The results revealed that TC, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher in females than in males. However, the TC: HDL ratio was significantly higher in males than in females. The results also showed that the daily intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA) slightly exceeded the daily recommended allowance. However, the monounsaturated fatty acid + polyunsaturated fatty acid/SFA (MUFA + PUFA/SFA) ratio was within the recommended ratio. In addition, this study found that the main sources of SFA and cholesterol intake were milk and milk products. A significant association between high fat intake and HbA1c levels was observed (r = 0.234, p < 0.001).Research limitations/implications As it is a cross-sectional observational study, this study has the natural limitation where it can only demonstrate an association.Originality/value The types of dietary fat intake may contribute to blood lipid abnormalities and differences effects may exist among male and female. Studies on the effect of daily fat intake and its types on blood lipids in patients with diabetes, in particular Saudi patients with diabetes are limited. This study focused on the amount and type of the consumed fat among male and female Saudi patients with T2DM and studied the relationship between the type of consumed fat and blood lipid profiles.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83545508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-12-2022-0296
Stutee Mohanty
PurposeThis paper aims to identify, examine, and present an empirical research design of behavioral finance of potential investors during Covid-19.Design/methodology/approachA well-structured questionnaire was designed; a survey was conducted among potential investors using convenience sampling, and 200 valid responses were collected. The research work uses multiple regression and discriminant function analysis to evaluate the influence of cognitive factors on the financial decision-making of investors.FindingsRecency and familiarity bias are proven to have the highest significant impact on the financial decisions of investors followed by confirmation bias. Overconfidence bias had a negligible effect on the decision-making process of the respondents and found insignificant.Research limitations/implicationsCovid-19 is a temporary phase that may lead to changes in financial behavior and investors’ decisions in the near future.Practical implicationsThe paper will help academicians, scholars, analysts, practitioners, policymakers and firms dealing with capital markets to execute their job responsibilities with respect to the cognitive bias in terms of taking financial decisions.Originality/valueThe present investigation attempts to fill the gap in the literature on the intended topic because it is evident from literature on the chosen subject that no study has been undertaken to evaluate the impact of cognitive biases on financial behavior of investors during Covid-19.
{"title":"Cognitive biases and financial decisions of potential investors during Covid-19: an exploration","authors":"Stutee Mohanty","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-12-2022-0296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-12-2022-0296","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis paper aims to identify, examine, and present an empirical research design of behavioral finance of potential investors during Covid-19.Design/methodology/approachA well-structured questionnaire was designed; a survey was conducted among potential investors using convenience sampling, and 200 valid responses were collected. The research work uses multiple regression and discriminant function analysis to evaluate the influence of cognitive factors on the financial decision-making of investors.FindingsRecency and familiarity bias are proven to have the highest significant impact on the financial decisions of investors followed by confirmation bias. Overconfidence bias had a negligible effect on the decision-making process of the respondents and found insignificant.Research limitations/implicationsCovid-19 is a temporary phase that may lead to changes in financial behavior and investors’ decisions in the near future.Practical implicationsThe paper will help academicians, scholars, analysts, practitioners, policymakers and firms dealing with capital markets to execute their job responsibilities with respect to the cognitive bias in terms of taking financial decisions.Originality/valueThe present investigation attempts to fill the gap in the literature on the intended topic because it is evident from literature on the chosen subject that no study has been undertaken to evaluate the impact of cognitive biases on financial behavior of investors during Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82391831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-12-2022-0312
Shahbaz Khan, A. Haleem, M. Khan
PurposeThe complex network structure causes several disruptions in the supply chain that make risk management essential for supply chain management including halal supply chain (HSM). During risk management, several challenges are associated with the risk assessment phase, such as incomplete and uncertain information about the system. To cater this, the authors propose a risk assessment framework that addresses the issues of uncertainty using neutrosophic theory and demonstrated the applicability of the proposed framework through the case of halal supply chain management (HSCM).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed framework is using the capabilities of the neutrosophic number which can handle uncertain, vague and incomplete information. Initially, the risk related to the HSC is identified through a literature review and expert’s input. Further, the probability and impact of each HSM-related risk are assessed using experts’ input through linguistic terms. These linguistic values are transformed into single-value trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers (SVTNNs). Finally, the severity of each HSM-related risk is determined through the multiplication of the probability and impact of each risk and prioritised the risks based on their severity.FindingsA comprehensive risk assessment framework is developed that could be used under uncertainty. Initially, 16 risks are identified related to the HSM. Further, the identified risks are prioritised using the severity of the risks. The high-priority risk is “raw material status”, “raw material wholesomeness” and “origin of raw material” while “information integrity” and “people integrity” are low-priority risks.Practical implicationsHSM risk can be effectively assessed through the proposed framework. The proposed framework applied neutrosophic numbers to represent real-life situations, and it could be used for other supply chains as well.Originality/valueThe proposed method is effectively addressing the issue of linguistic subjectivity, inconsistent information and uncertainty in the expert’s opinion. A case study of the HSC is adopted to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed risk framework.
{"title":"A risk assessment framework using neutrosophic theory for the halal supply chain under an uncertain environment","authors":"Shahbaz Khan, A. Haleem, M. Khan","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-12-2022-0312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-12-2022-0312","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe complex network structure causes several disruptions in the supply chain that make risk management essential for supply chain management including halal supply chain (HSM). During risk management, several challenges are associated with the risk assessment phase, such as incomplete and uncertain information about the system. To cater this, the authors propose a risk assessment framework that addresses the issues of uncertainty using neutrosophic theory and demonstrated the applicability of the proposed framework through the case of halal supply chain management (HSCM).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed framework is using the capabilities of the neutrosophic number which can handle uncertain, vague and incomplete information. Initially, the risk related to the HSC is identified through a literature review and expert’s input. Further, the probability and impact of each HSM-related risk are assessed using experts’ input through linguistic terms. These linguistic values are transformed into single-value trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers (SVTNNs). Finally, the severity of each HSM-related risk is determined through the multiplication of the probability and impact of each risk and prioritised the risks based on their severity.FindingsA comprehensive risk assessment framework is developed that could be used under uncertainty. Initially, 16 risks are identified related to the HSM. Further, the identified risks are prioritised using the severity of the risks. The high-priority risk is “raw material status”, “raw material wholesomeness” and “origin of raw material” while “information integrity” and “people integrity” are low-priority risks.Practical implicationsHSM risk can be effectively assessed through the proposed framework. The proposed framework applied neutrosophic numbers to represent real-life situations, and it could be used for other supply chains as well.Originality/valueThe proposed method is effectively addressing the issue of linguistic subjectivity, inconsistent information and uncertainty in the expert’s opinion. A case study of the HSC is adopted to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed risk framework.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82759454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-06-2022-0076
Mohammed Shahid, R. M. Joji, Archana Prabu Kumar, Amer J. Almarabheh, K. Kosaraju, A. Almahmeed, A. Deifalla
PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic had a huge impact on people's lives, air travel and tourism. The authors explored travelers' perceptions of COVID rapid antigen tests before boarding aircraft, willingness to fly and the precautionary actions for safe air travel.Design/methodology/approachAll the participants were asked to complete the survey while reflecting on their experiences of air travel during this COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information of the participants and air travel preferences during pandemic. The survey was conducted through Google Form in both English and Arabic language. The link was shared through emails and WhatsApp.FindingsIn this survey, majority had willingness to fly during pandemic. 45.2% preferred to undergo rapid test before boarding, while 41.9% refused owing to no added benefit (23.8%) and nasal discomfort (9.3%) among others. The best indicators to resume safe air travel were COVID-19 vaccination (80.4%), wearing face mask during flying hours (70.8%) and maintain social distancing with aircraft seating (49.6%).Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the current survey could help the organizations and the biosecurity authorities to act and support accordingly and thus reduce passenger anxiety about resuming the flights, thereby increasing willingness to fly and preparing oneself and the aviation industry for future pandemics.Originality/valueThe findings of the current survey could help the organizations and the biosecurity authorities to act and support accordingly and thus reduce passenger anxiety about resuming the flights, thereby increasing willingness to fly, and preparing oneself and the aviation industry for future pandemics.
{"title":"Perception of COVID-19 rapid antigen testing approach prior to flight schedule among air travelers: a questionnaire-based study","authors":"Mohammed Shahid, R. M. Joji, Archana Prabu Kumar, Amer J. Almarabheh, K. Kosaraju, A. Almahmeed, A. Deifalla","doi":"10.1108/agjsr-06-2022-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/agjsr-06-2022-0076","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic had a huge impact on people's lives, air travel and tourism. The authors explored travelers' perceptions of COVID rapid antigen tests before boarding aircraft, willingness to fly and the precautionary actions for safe air travel.Design/methodology/approachAll the participants were asked to complete the survey while reflecting on their experiences of air travel during this COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information of the participants and air travel preferences during pandemic. The survey was conducted through Google Form in both English and Arabic language. The link was shared through emails and WhatsApp.FindingsIn this survey, majority had willingness to fly during pandemic. 45.2% preferred to undergo rapid test before boarding, while 41.9% refused owing to no added benefit (23.8%) and nasal discomfort (9.3%) among others. The best indicators to resume safe air travel were COVID-19 vaccination (80.4%), wearing face mask during flying hours (70.8%) and maintain social distancing with aircraft seating (49.6%).Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the current survey could help the organizations and the biosecurity authorities to act and support accordingly and thus reduce passenger anxiety about resuming the flights, thereby increasing willingness to fly and preparing oneself and the aviation industry for future pandemics.Originality/valueThe findings of the current survey could help the organizations and the biosecurity authorities to act and support accordingly and thus reduce passenger anxiety about resuming the flights, thereby increasing willingness to fly, and preparing oneself and the aviation industry for future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":50978,"journal":{"name":"Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86684598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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