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David against Goliath: from riders’ protest to platform cooperativism 大卫对抗歌利亚:从骑手抗议到平台合作主义
Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1017/elr.2023.48
Arthur Guichoux
Faced with platforms such as Uber, riders are resisting individually and organising actions such as Riders X Derechos in Spain. Some of these ‘new proletarians’ have even organised themselves into cooperatives. To the global utopia of investor-owned platforms, platform cooperativism opposes the utopia of delivery without exploitation or carbon emissions through local cooperatives owned by riders. Based on the case study of the Mensakas cooperative in Barcelona, this ethnography analyses the link between riders’ protests and cooperative platforms. It questions the concrete effects of ‘counter-platform politics’ and the relationship between politics and labour. It also examines the strategies of intercooperation in the ‘cyclelogistical’ sector to understand the institutional, social, and political conditions that foster the ‘re-embeddedness’ of the bike delivery market.
面对 Uber 这样的平台,乘客们正在单独进行反抗,并组织行动,如西班牙的 "乘客 X 权利"(Riders X Derechos)。其中一些 "新无产者 "甚至组织起了合作社。对于投资者拥有平台的全球乌托邦,平台合作主义反对通过乘客拥有的地方合作社实现无剥削、无碳排放的交付乌托邦。本民族志以巴塞罗那的 Mensakas 合作社为案例,分析了骑手抗议与合作平台之间的联系。它质疑了 "反平台政治 "的具体效果以及政治与劳动之间的关系。它还研究了 "自行车物流 "行业的合作战略,以了解促进自行车配送市场 "重新嵌入 "的制度、社会和政治条件。
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引用次数: 0
Organising fragmented labour: the case of migrant workers at Helpling in Berlin 组织分散的劳动力:柏林 Helpling 公司移民工人的案例
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1017/elr.2023.46
Valentin Niebler, Stefania Animento
Research on collective organisation of migrant platform workers is mostly concerned with ride-hailing and delivery logistics, where explicit forms of collective action have been visible. This paper addresses the issue of the self-organisation of migrant workers on cleaning platforms through a case study of Helpling cleaners in Berlin. In the paper, we ask why the attempts for organising workers have failed to scale up beyond the informal exchange of information and tactics among the workers. Our article argues that the spatial dispersion of work across the city, lack of occupational identity, and the legal framework of work, make worker organising difficult for cleaners in Berlin. Still, these factors do not lead to an absence of collective practices. Helpling workers in our study gather in online groups, can receive help and exchange in a community centre, and have been in touch with political groups. Based on the case study, the article discusses potentials and hurdles for the development of collective counter-power.
关于平台外来务工人员集体组织的研究主要集中在打车和快递物流领域,在这些领域,集体行动的明确形式是显而易见的。本文通过对柏林 Helpling 清洁工的案例研究,探讨了清洁平台上外来务工人员的自我组织问题。在文中,我们提出了为什么组织工人的尝试未能超越工人之间非正式的信息和策略交流而扩大规模的问题。我们的文章认为,工作在城市中的空间分散、缺乏职业认同感以及工作的法律框架,使得柏林的清洁工很难组织起来。然而,这些因素并没有导致集体实践的缺失。在我们的研究中,帮工们聚集在网上群组,在社区中心接受帮助和交流,并与政治团体保持联系。文章以案例研究为基础,讨论了集体反权力发展的潜力和障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Exit, voice, and loyalty in the platform economy of Bologna city 博洛尼亚市平台经济中的退出、话语权和忠诚度
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1017/elr.2023.45
Mattia Frapporti, Maurilio Pirone
In the article, we will explore the impact of platform labour on urban spaces and the new frontiers of unionism by leveraging a ground analysis and theoretical elaborations from the PLUS project. PLUS was designed to analyse the impact of four platforms (Uber, Airbnb, Helpling, and Deliveroo) in seven European cities (Barcelona, Berlin, Bologna, Lisbon, Paris, London, and Tallinn). In doing so, PLUS supported its sociological investigations with theoretical and historical elaborations concerning the operation of contemporary platforms and the characteristics of the new form of unionism. We will present some results from PLUS, with a focus on the Bologna case, where platform workers express their dissatisfaction with their organizations, attempting to relate their strategies to certain structural aspects of business territorialization within urban spaces. We will draw upon the well-known distinction proposed by Albert Hirschman between exit, voice, and loyalty and adapt it to frame the various strategies that platform workers may adopt.
在本文中,我们将通过 PLUS 项目的实地分析和理论阐述,探讨平台劳工对城市空间和工会主义新领域的影响。PLUS 项目旨在分析四个平台(Uber、Airbnb、Helpling 和 Deliveroo)在七个欧洲城市(巴塞罗那、柏林、博洛尼亚、里斯本、巴黎、伦敦和塔林)的影响。在此过程中,PLUS 通过对当代平台的运作和新形式工会的特点进行理论和历史阐述,支持其社会学调查。我们将介绍 PLUS 的一些成果,重点关注博洛尼亚的案例,其中平台工人表达了对其组织的不满,并试图将他们的策略与城市空间中商业地域化的某些结构方面联系起来。我们将借鉴阿尔伯特-赫希曼(Albert Hirschman)提出的退出、话语权和忠诚度之间的著名区别,并将其调整为平台工人可能采取的各种策略的框架。
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引用次数: 0
Platform work, exploitation, and migrant worker resistance: Evidence from Berlin and London 平台工作、剥削和移民工人的反抗:柏林和伦敦的证据
Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1017/elr.2023.34
O. Alyanak, C. Cant, Tatiana López Ayala, Adam Badger, Mark Graham
For migrant workers who do not have access to other means of income, the platform economy offers a viable yet exploitative alternative to the conventional labour market. Migrant workers are used as a source of cheap labour by platforms – and yet, they are not disempowered. They are at the heart of a growing platform worker movement. Across different international contexts, migrants have played a key role in leading strikes and other forms of collective action. This article traces the struggles of migrant platform workers in Berlin and London to explore how working conditions, work experiences, and strategies for collective action are shaped at the intersection of multiple precarities along lines of employment and migration status. Combining data collected through research by the Fairwork project with participant observation and ethnography, the article argues that migrant workers are more than an exploitable resource: they are harbingers of change.
对于没有其他收入来源的外来务工人员来说,平台经济提供了一个替代传统劳动力市场的可行但具有剥削性的选择。外来务工人员被平台用作廉价劳动力的来源,但他们并没有被剥夺权利。他们是日益壮大的平台工人运动的核心。在不同的国际背景下,移民在领导罢工和其他形式的集体行动中发挥了关键作用。本文追溯了柏林和伦敦平台工人的斗争,探讨了工作条件、工作经历和集体行动策略是如何在就业和移民身份等多重不稳定因素的交汇点上形成的。文章将公平工作项目研究收集的数据与参与观察和人种学相结合,认为移民工人不仅仅是一种可剥削的资源:他们是变革的先驱。
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引用次数: 0
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