While there is growing interest in representations of older adults across media in general, specific studies of their representation in dictionaries are scarce. This study used content analysis, transitivity analysis and attitude system to explore how older adults’ identities are discursively constructed in the seventh edition of the Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (CCD7). On the negative side, CCD7 reveals several stereotypes (e.g., being frail and vulnerable), presenting old age as the antithesis of active youth. On the positive side, CCD7 uniquely highlights the significant role of older adults within the Chinese extended family structure. In addition, CCD7 emphasises that, in Chinese culture, caring for older adults is seen as a familial and social responsibility. Through the lens of CDA, this study contributes to our understanding of old age in lexicographic discourse and promotes inclusive language.
{"title":"Challenging Stereotypes and Celebrating Family Bonds: Analysing the Representation of Older Adults in the Contemporary Chinese Dictionary","authors":"Zhijie Tang, Hai Xu","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecae013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecae013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While there is growing interest in representations of older adults across media in general, specific studies of their representation in dictionaries are scarce. This study used content analysis, transitivity analysis and attitude system to explore how older adults’ identities are discursively constructed in the seventh edition of the Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (CCD7). On the negative side, CCD7 reveals several stereotypes (e.g., being frail and vulnerable), presenting old age as the antithesis of active youth. On the positive side, CCD7 uniquely highlights the significant role of older adults within the Chinese extended family structure. In addition, CCD7 emphasises that, in Chinese culture, caring for older adults is seen as a familial and social responsibility. Through the lens of CDA, this study contributes to our understanding of old age in lexicographic discourse and promotes inclusive language.","PeriodicalId":510216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"35 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ioana Galleron and Geoffrey Williams (eds.). 2023. Dictionnaires et réseaux des lexicographes aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Études réunis par Ioana Galleron et Geoffrey Williams","authors":"C. Marello","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecae005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecae005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":510216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"119 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zhang Yihua. 2023. A Chinese-English Dictionary of Chinese Folklore and Customs","authors":"Yongwei Gao","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecae007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecae007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":510216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"22 S45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140695336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anatoly Liberman. 2022. Take My Word for It: A Dictionary of English Idioms","authors":"M. L. Murphy","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecae006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecae006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":510216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"74 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140707720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our paper seeks to bridge the gap between a linguistic and a technological description of Artificial Intelligence, as we see chatbots and other representations pushing to the forefront of academic ways of working. We set out to venture a philologist’s perspective on AI, critically reflecting upon the extent and nature of a lexicographical software’s ‘intelligence.’ We shall discuss and demonstrate AI’s potentials and limitations by adhering to the specific case of the recently released English Dialect Dictionary Online 4.0 (Markus and team 2023). While we propose that EDD Online is ‘intelligent’ in the sense that its retrieval software will anticipate and be capable of answering many of the questions that dialectologists would raise, we claim that the reason for such ‘intelligence’ is inherently rooted within the competence of humans in terms of predicting such questions and of eliciting the answers by means of complex query rules. We shall in fact argue that – as opposed to retrieval software types like the hotly debated ChatGPT chatbot, which are merely black box phenomena – EDD Online 4.0’s user interface represents a rare feature of AI: transparency and proactive user-friendliness. (185 words)
我们的论文试图弥合人工智能的语言学描述与技术描述之间的差距，因为我们看到聊天机器人和其他表征方式正逐渐成为学术工作方式的前沿。我们将从语言学家的角度来探讨人工智能，批判性地反思词典软件 "智能 "的程度和性质。我们将以最近发布的《在线英语方言词典 4.0》（Markus and team 2023）为例，讨论并展示人工智能的潜力和局限性。虽然我们认为《在线英语词典》是 "智能 "的，因为它的检索软件能够预测并回答方言学家提出的许多问题，但我们认为，这种 "智能 "的内在原因在于人类有能力预测这些问题，并通过复杂的查询规则得出答案。事实上，我们将论证--相对于像备受争议的 ChatGPT 聊天机器人这样的检索软件类型（它们只是黑箱现象）--EDD Online 4.0 的用户界面代表了人工智能的一个罕见特征：透明性和主动用户友好性。(185字)
{"title":"A philologist’s perspective on Artificial Intelligence – a case study into English Dialect Dictionary Online 4.0","authors":"Manfred Markus, Monika Kirner-Ludwig","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecae001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecae001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Our paper seeks to bridge the gap between a linguistic and a technological description of Artificial Intelligence, as we see chatbots and other representations pushing to the forefront of academic ways of working. We set out to venture a philologist’s perspective on AI, critically reflecting upon the extent and nature of a lexicographical software’s ‘intelligence.’ We shall discuss and demonstrate AI’s potentials and limitations by adhering to the specific case of the recently released English Dialect Dictionary Online 4.0 (Markus and team 2023). While we propose that EDD Online is ‘intelligent’ in the sense that its retrieval software will anticipate and be capable of answering many of the questions that dialectologists would raise, we claim that the reason for such ‘intelligence’ is inherently rooted within the competence of humans in terms of predicting such questions and of eliciting the answers by means of complex query rules. We shall in fact argue that – as opposed to retrieval software types like the hotly debated ChatGPT chatbot, which are merely black box phenomena – EDD Online 4.0’s user interface represents a rare feature of AI: transparency and proactive user-friendliness. (185 words)","PeriodicalId":510216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the design feature framework of Chinese–English (C–E) learners’ dictionaries (with some modifications made) proposed by Zhang and Hu (2023), this study aims to review the design features of the microstructures of two popular C–E learners’ dictionaries published in China. The results show: 1) the two dictionaries do not distinguish between Chinese and foreign users, nor do they specify target users’ language proficiency; 2) some information items and their contents are not appropriately included and treated, even contrary to the primary function of the two dictionaries; 3) the ordering principles of senses, English equivalents and examples are not pertinent to the primary function of the two dictionaries, or even without any principles at all. The cause of the problems in the two dictionaries lies in the neglect of the study and application of systematic design feature frameworks. Therefore, in compiling C–E learners’ dictionaries, lexicographers should strengthen the study and application of systematic design feature frameworks.
{"title":"Reviewing the Design Features of the Microstructures of Two Popular Chinese-English Learners’ Dictionaries Published in China","authors":"Jun Zhang, Wenfei Hu","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecae002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Based on the design feature framework of Chinese–English (C–E) learners’ dictionaries (with some modifications made) proposed by Zhang and Hu (2023), this study aims to review the design features of the microstructures of two popular C–E learners’ dictionaries published in China. The results show: 1) the two dictionaries do not distinguish between Chinese and foreign users, nor do they specify target users’ language proficiency; 2) some information items and their contents are not appropriately included and treated, even contrary to the primary function of the two dictionaries; 3) the ordering principles of senses, English equivalents and examples are not pertinent to the primary function of the two dictionaries, or even without any principles at all. The cause of the problems in the two dictionaries lies in the neglect of the study and application of systematic design feature frameworks. Therefore, in compiling C–E learners’ dictionaries, lexicographers should strengthen the study and application of systematic design feature frameworks.","PeriodicalId":510216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":" 83","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140210812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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