Fuel subsidies have been an enduring policy in Ecuador’s political and economic history. Given their lack of targeting and high opportunity cost, they have been amply criticized. As of 2017, the Ecuadorian government started a budget consolidation plan that so far has involved seven reforms to subsidies policy in less than seven years. In late 2019, in response to social unrest motivated by a temporal elimination of fuel subsidies, the government pledged to study new targeting mechanisms for this policy to mitigate the impact on the most vulnerable sectors. This work seeks to contribute to that effort by evaluating the macroeconomic effects of these subsidies and serving as a guideline for targeting. A computable general equilibrium model is used to assess counterfactual scenarios. The results suggest that by implementing progressiveness and productive linkage criteria, targeting household final consumption and intermediate consumption is a feasible way to reduce the reforms’ negative effects.
{"title":"Fuel Subsidies in Ecuador: A Computable General Equilibrium Model for Targeting Evaluation","authors":"Cristhian Montenegro-Casa, José Ramírez-Álvarez","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.38","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fuel subsidies have been an enduring policy in Ecuador’s political and economic history. Given their lack of targeting and high opportunity cost, they have been amply criticized. As of 2017, the Ecuadorian government started a budget consolidation plan that so far has involved seven reforms to subsidies policy in less than seven years. In late 2019, in response to social unrest motivated by a temporal elimination of fuel subsidies, the government pledged to study new targeting mechanisms for this policy to mitigate the impact on the most vulnerable sectors. This work seeks to contribute to that effort by evaluating the macroeconomic effects of these subsidies and serving as a guideline for targeting. A computable general equilibrium model is used to assess counterfactual scenarios. The results suggest that by implementing progressiveness and productive linkage criteria, targeting household final consumption and intermediate consumption is a feasible way to reduce the reforms’ negative effects.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"115 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay reviews the following works: The Politics of Language in Puerto Rico Revisited. By Amílcar Antonio Barreto. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 2020, Pp. xii + 248. $80.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781683401131. Almost Citizens: Puerto Rico, the US Constitution, and Empire. By Sam Erman. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019, Pp. xv + 275. $30.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781108233866. Colonial Migrants at the Heart of Empire: Puerto Rican Workers on U.S. Farms. By Ismael García-Colón. Oakland: University of California Press, 2020, Pp. xvii + 326. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780520325791. Early Puerto Rican Cinema and Nation Building: National Sentiments, Transnational Realities, 1897–1940. By Naida García-Crespo. Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University, 2019, Pp. ix + 226. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781684481170. Policing Life and Death: Race, Violence, and Resistance in Puerto Rico. By Marisol Lebrón. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019, Pp. xv + 301. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780520300170. Solidarity across the Americas: The Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and Anti-Imperialism. By Margaret M. Power. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2023, Pp. vii + 298. $32.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781469674056.
本文评述了以下著作：重新审视波多黎各的语言政治》。作者：Amílcar Antonio Barreto。盖恩斯维尔：佛罗里达大学出版社，2020 年，第 xii + 248 页。80.00 美元精装。ISBN：9781683401131。Almost Citizens：波多黎各、美国宪法和帝国》。作者：Sam Erman。纽约：剑桥大学出版社，2019 年，第 xv + 275 页。平装本30.99美元。ISBN：9781108233866。帝国中心的殖民移民：美国农场的波多黎各工人》。作者：Ismael García-Colón。奥克兰：奥克兰：加州大学出版社，2020 年，第 xvii + 326 页。平装本 29.95 美元。ISBN：9780520325791。早期波多黎各电影与国家建设》（Early Puerto Rican Cinema and Nation Building：民族情感，跨国现实，1897-1940 年》。奈达-加西亚-克雷斯波著。宾夕法尼亚州刘易斯堡：巴克内尔大学，2019 年，第 ix + 226 页。平装本 34.95 美元。ISBN：9781684481170。Policing Life and Death：波多黎各的种族、暴力与反抗》。作者：Marisol Lebrón。奥克兰：加利福尼亚大学出版社，2019 年，第 xv + 301 页。平装本 29.95 美元。ISBN：9780520300170。美洲各地的团结：波多黎各民族主义党与反帝国主义》。作者：Margaret M. Power。查珀尔希尔：vii + 298。32.95 美元平装本。ISBN：9781469674056。
{"title":"Puerto Rico in the News","authors":"Solsiree del Moral","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.40","url":null,"abstract":"This essay reviews the following works:\u0000 The Politics of Language in Puerto Rico Revisited. By Amílcar Antonio Barreto. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 2020, Pp. xii + 248. $80.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781683401131.\u0000 Almost Citizens: Puerto Rico, the US Constitution, and Empire. By Sam Erman. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019, Pp. xv + 275. $30.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781108233866.\u0000 Colonial Migrants at the Heart of Empire: Puerto Rican Workers on U.S. Farms. By Ismael García-Colón. Oakland: University of California Press, 2020, Pp. xvii + 326. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780520325791.\u0000 Early Puerto Rican Cinema and Nation Building: National Sentiments, Transnational Realities, 1897–1940. By Naida García-Crespo. Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University, 2019, Pp. ix + 226. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781684481170.\u0000 Policing Life and Death: Race, Violence, and Resistance in Puerto Rico. By Marisol Lebrón. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019, Pp. xv + 301. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780520300170.\u0000 Solidarity across the Americas: The Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and Anti-Imperialism. By Margaret M. Power. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2023, Pp. vii + 298. $32.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781469674056.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"41 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyzes the urbanization and privatization of communal lands (ejidos) in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, via a computer vision model that utilizes Google Street View (GSV) and Geographic Information System (GIS) imagery. Our innovative methodology reveals how processes of ejidal urbanization in Mexico’s northern borderlands contributed to the rise of multinational factories (maquiladoras) and geographies of inequality and violence. Past scholarship on the (d)evolution of ejidal land tenure details how periurban ejidal lands throughout Mexico were often sites of impoverishment and a lack of investment, featuring informal settlement and rapid or chaotic urbanization following the country’s 1960 urban turn. Through its use of novel sources and methods, this article demonstrates that the urbanization process in Juárez’s principal periurban ejidos diverged from this classic model in specific ways. By combining conventional historical sources with visual data like GSV and GIS imagery, Juárez’s former and current ejidal landscapes reveal high levels of investment, formal planning, and infrastructure. We argue that Juárez’s distinctive physical, political, and economic geographies shaped the overwhelmingly industrial, private, and invested character of the city’s (former and current) periurban ejidal lands. This process occurred via a globalized modernization regime that forged disparate landscapes of investment and inequality beginning in the 1950s.
{"title":"The Communal Roots of Mexico’s Maquila Industry: Urbanization, Land, and Inequality in Ciudad Juárez, 1960–2000","authors":"Mateo J. Carrillo, Jonatan Pérez","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.35","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article analyzes the urbanization and privatization of communal lands (ejidos) in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, via a computer vision model that utilizes Google Street View (GSV) and Geographic Information System (GIS) imagery. Our innovative methodology reveals how processes of ejidal urbanization in Mexico’s northern borderlands contributed to the rise of multinational factories (maquiladoras) and geographies of inequality and violence. Past scholarship on the (d)evolution of ejidal land tenure details how periurban ejidal lands throughout Mexico were often sites of impoverishment and a lack of investment, featuring informal settlement and rapid or chaotic urbanization following the country’s 1960 urban turn. Through its use of novel sources and methods, this article demonstrates that the urbanization process in Juárez’s principal periurban ejidos diverged from this classic model in specific ways. By combining conventional historical sources with visual data like GSV and GIS imagery, Juárez’s former and current ejidal landscapes reveal high levels of investment, formal planning, and infrastructure. We argue that Juárez’s distinctive physical, political, and economic geographies shaped the overwhelmingly industrial, private, and invested character of the city’s (former and current) periurban ejidal lands. This process occurred via a globalized modernization regime that forged disparate landscapes of investment and inequality beginning in the 1950s.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"57 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies of fatherhood in Latin America demonstrate an uneven shift from traditional, patriarchal fatherhood to a more reflexive version that incorporates elements of active, relational fatherhood. This hybrid fatherhood emerged from the transition of Fordism to flexible accumulation, a transformation that coincided with massive migration from Central Mexico to the United States. Migration scholars have demonstrated the fluidity of masculine identities, men’s strategies to father across borders, and how US immigration enforcement shapes gendered subjectivities and power relations in transnational families. Building off these insights, we examine how return migrant men in rural central Mexico navigated changing meanings and practices of fatherhood. Their hybrid strategies reflect the inherent contradictions of a border regime that limited circular migration to the United States and their interest in maintaining close emotional attachments to children. Transnational fathers’ connections to reproduction reveal another way that affect articulates with capital accumulation and borders.
{"title":"“To Separate Myself from Them, I Think I Will Feel Great Sadness”: Transnational Fatherhood and Border Regimes in Central Mexico","authors":"Alison Elizabeth Lee, Mario Alberto Macías-Ayala","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.37","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studies of fatherhood in Latin America demonstrate an uneven shift from traditional, patriarchal fatherhood to a more reflexive version that incorporates elements of active, relational fatherhood. This hybrid fatherhood emerged from the transition of Fordism to flexible accumulation, a transformation that coincided with massive migration from Central Mexico to the United States. Migration scholars have demonstrated the fluidity of masculine identities, men’s strategies to father across borders, and how US immigration enforcement shapes gendered subjectivities and power relations in transnational families. Building off these insights, we examine how return migrant men in rural central Mexico navigated changing meanings and practices of fatherhood. Their hybrid strategies reflect the inherent contradictions of a border regime that limited circular migration to the United States and their interest in maintaining close emotional attachments to children. Transnational fathers’ connections to reproduction reveal another way that affect articulates with capital accumulation and borders.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyzes the sketches of Ernesto “Che” Guevara and fellow guerrillas made by the Argentine Ciro Bustos during his captivity in Bolivia in 1967. Many of the references to Bustos in biographies of Guevara and in writings about the latter’s failed Bolivian campaign depict Bustos, because of those sketches, as “the man who betrayed Che.” The tensions and discrepancies in those accounts suggest instead that Bustos’s sketches should be seen not merely as documents of betrayal but as artworks embedded in the period’s wider revolutionary visualities. The article argues that Bustos’s drawing of Che Guevara, who is usually depicted visually as “heroic guerrilla” or “saintly martyr,” introduces an affective, intimate gaze of armed struggle in all its complications.
{"title":"“Draw a Guerrilla!” Betrayal, Solitude, and Revolutionary Art","authors":"James Scorer","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.34","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article analyzes the sketches of Ernesto “Che” Guevara and fellow guerrillas made by the Argentine Ciro Bustos during his captivity in Bolivia in 1967. Many of the references to Bustos in biographies of Guevara and in writings about the latter’s failed Bolivian campaign depict Bustos, because of those sketches, as “the man who betrayed Che.” The tensions and discrepancies in those accounts suggest instead that Bustos’s sketches should be seen not merely as documents of betrayal but as artworks embedded in the period’s wider revolutionary visualities. The article argues that Bustos’s drawing of Che Guevara, who is usually depicted visually as “heroic guerrilla” or “saintly martyr,” introduces an affective, intimate gaze of armed struggle in all its complications.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"39 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores “religious racism,” or discrimination against devotees of African-derived religions in Brazil, as a broader pattern of structural racism rooted in racialized religious alterity, Afrophobia, and the epistemic divide between religion and nonreligion. The term religious racism has been proposed by some devotees and anti-racist activists to emphasize that Afro-Brazilian religions are uniquely targeted in ways other non-Christian religions are not. Unlike religious intolerance, the term religious racism explicitly connects discrimination against Afro-Brazilian religions to colonization, color or racial hierarchy, and anti-Black prejudice. This article clarifies the ideological groundings of religious racism that encourage Neo-Pentecostal extremists to pursue “order and progress,” as the national motto suggests, through physical violence.
{"title":"Pursuing Racial Order and Social Progress: Violence, Afrophobia and “Religious Racism” in Brazil","authors":"Rachel Cantave","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores “religious racism,” or discrimination against devotees of African-derived religions in Brazil, as a broader pattern of structural racism rooted in racialized religious alterity, Afrophobia, and the epistemic divide between religion and nonreligion. The term religious racism has been proposed by some devotees and anti-racist activists to emphasize that Afro-Brazilian religions are uniquely targeted in ways other non-Christian religions are not. Unlike religious intolerance, the term religious racism explicitly connects discrimination against Afro-Brazilian religions to colonization, color or racial hierarchy, and anti-Black prejudice. This article clarifies the ideological groundings of religious racism that encourage Neo-Pentecostal extremists to pursue “order and progress,” as the national motto suggests, through physical violence.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"25 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140738623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay reviews the following works: El giro dependentista latinoamericano: Los orígenes de la teoría marxista de la dependencia. Edited by Juan Cristóbal Cárdenas Castro and Raphael Lana Seabra. Santiago: Ariadna, 2022. Pp. 426. Open access e-book: https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/57860. ISBN: 9566095570. Teorías del imperialismo y la dependencia desde el Sur Global. Edited by Néstor Kohan. Buenos Aires: Amauta Insurgente and Cienflores, 2022. Pp. 388. Free e-book online. ISBN: 9874066040. The Dialectics of Dependency. By Ruy Mauro Marini. Edited by Amanda Latimer and Jaime Osorio. Translated by Amanda Latimer. New York: Monthly Review, 2022. Pp. 202. $26.00 paperback, $89.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781583679821 Dependency, Neoliberalism and Globalization in Latin America. By Carlos Eduardo Martins. Translated by Jacob Lagnado. Chicago: Haymarket, 2020. Pp. ix + 349. $28.00 paperback. ISBN: 9781642593594. Rethinking Development: Marxist Perspectives. By Ronaldo Munck. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. Pp. xxiv + 213. $139.99 paperback, $139.99 hardcover, $109.00 e-book. ISBN: 9783030738136. Reproducción del capital, Estado y sistema mundial: Estudios desde la teoría marxista de la dependencia. By Jaime Osorio. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2020. Pp. 264. $1.99 e-book. ISBN: 9587831144. Teoría marxista de la dependencia: Historia, fundamentos, debates y contribuciones. By Jaime Osorio. Los Polvorines: Ediciones UNGS, 2016. Pp. 336. Free e-book online. ISBN: 9789876302333. Debates latinoamericanos: Indianismo, desarrollo, dependencia y populismo. By Maristella Svampa. Buenos Aires: Edhasa, 2018. Pp. 572. Free e-book online. ISBN: 6124760932.
本文对以下著作进行了评述：《拉丁美洲依存论：马克思主义依存论的起源》（El giro dependentista latinoamericano: Los orígenes de la teoría marxista de la dependencia）。Juan Cristóbal Cárdenas Castro 和 Raphael Lana Seabra 编辑。圣地亚哥：阿里亚德纳出版社，2022 年。开放获取电子书：https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/57860。ISBN：9566095570。 来自全球南部的帝国主义和依附理论。Néstor Kohan 编辑。布宜诺斯艾利斯：Amauta Insurgente 和 Cienflores，2022 年。免费在线电子书。ISBN：9874066040。依赖的辩证法》。鲁伊-毛罗-马里尼著。阿曼达-拉蒂默和海梅-奥索里奥编著。阿曼达-拉蒂默翻译。纽约：《每月评论》，2022 年。平装本 26.00 美元，精装本 89.00 美元。ISBN: 9781583679821 《拉丁美洲的依赖性、新自由主义和全球化》。卡洛斯-爱德华多-马丁斯著。Jacob Lagnado 译。芝加哥：Haymarket，2020 年。页码 ix + 349。平装本 28.00 美元。ISBN：9781642593594。反思发展：马克思主义视角》。罗纳尔多-蒙克著。纽约：Palgrave Macmillan，2021 年。平装本 139.99 美元，精装本 139.99 美元，电子书 109.00 美元。ISBN: 9783030738136. 资本、国家和世界体系的再生产：马克思主义依赖理论研究》。作者：海梅-奥索里奥。波哥大：哥伦比亚国立大学，2020 年。264 页。电子书售价 1.99 美元。ISBN: 9587831144.马克思主义依存理论：历史、基础、争论与贡献》。作者：海梅-奥索里奥。Los Polvorines：Los Polvorines: Ediciones UNGS, 2016.免费在线电子书。ISBN：9789876302333。拉丁美洲辩论：印第安主义、发展、依赖和民粹主义》。Maristella Svampa 著。布宜诺斯艾利斯：Edhasa，2018 年。免费电子书在线阅读。ISBN：6124760932。
{"title":"Dependency Theory and Its Revival in the Twenty-First Century","authors":"Steve Ellner","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"This essay reviews the following works:\u0000 El giro dependentista latinoamericano: Los orígenes de la teoría marxista de la dependencia. Edited by Juan Cristóbal Cárdenas Castro and Raphael Lana Seabra. Santiago: Ariadna, 2022. Pp. 426. Open access e-book: https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/57860. ISBN: 9566095570.\u0000 Teorías del imperialismo y la dependencia desde el Sur Global. Edited by Néstor Kohan. Buenos Aires: Amauta Insurgente and Cienflores, 2022. Pp. 388. Free e-book online. ISBN: 9874066040.\u0000 The Dialectics of Dependency. By Ruy Mauro Marini. Edited by Amanda Latimer and Jaime Osorio. Translated by Amanda Latimer. New York: Monthly Review, 2022. Pp. 202. $26.00 paperback, $89.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781583679821\u0000 Dependency, Neoliberalism and Globalization in Latin America. By Carlos Eduardo Martins. Translated by Jacob Lagnado. Chicago: Haymarket, 2020. Pp. ix + 349. $28.00 paperback. ISBN: 9781642593594.\u0000 Rethinking Development: Marxist Perspectives. By Ronaldo Munck. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. Pp. xxiv + 213. $139.99 paperback, $139.99 hardcover, $109.00 e-book. ISBN: 9783030738136.\u0000 Reproducción del capital, Estado y sistema mundial: Estudios desde la teoría marxista de la dependencia. By Jaime Osorio. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2020. Pp. 264. $1.99 e-book. ISBN: 9587831144.\u0000 Teoría marxista de la dependencia: Historia, fundamentos, debates y contribuciones. By Jaime Osorio. Los Polvorines: Ediciones UNGS, 2016. Pp. 336. Free e-book online. ISBN: 9789876302333.\u0000 Debates latinoamericanos: Indianismo, desarrollo, dependencia y populismo. By Maristella Svampa. Buenos Aires: Edhasa, 2018. Pp. 572. Free e-book online. ISBN: 6124760932.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"74 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although a few historians have discussed the influence of Peronism in Chile, research has been guided mostly by diplomatic studies and political history, which, though important, are less convincing for historians interested in logics of media representation, particularly from the satirical press. This article explores visual representations of Argentina’s president Juan Perón (1946–1955) in the Chilean magazine Topaze. By discussing and contextualizing a series of images produced by Chilean cartoonists, this study provides new insights into the important role played by the press in shaping anti-Peronist sensibilities and discrediting Perón within Chilean domestic politics. Studying the impact of Peronism in the region—particularly in neighboring countries such as Chile—is useful for thinking about Peronism as a transnational phenomenon with multiple meanings outside Argentina.
{"title":"Transnational Visual Parodies: Political Cartoons of Perón in the Chilean Satirical Magazine Topaze, 1943–1958","authors":"P. Acuña","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Although a few historians have discussed the influence of Peronism in Chile, research has been guided mostly by diplomatic studies and political history, which, though important, are less convincing for historians interested in logics of media representation, particularly from the satirical press. This article explores visual representations of Argentina’s president Juan Perón (1946–1955) in the Chilean magazine Topaze. By discussing and contextualizing a series of images produced by Chilean cartoonists, this study provides new insights into the important role played by the press in shaping anti-Peronist sensibilities and discrediting Perón within Chilean domestic politics. Studying the impact of Peronism in the region—particularly in neighboring countries such as Chile—is useful for thinking about Peronism as a transnational phenomenon with multiple meanings outside Argentina.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":" 1205","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140091827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marxian anthropology is a particular trend of “dark anthropology.” Michael Taussig has dedicated his work to understanding the connections of colonialism, capitalism, and local cultures under a Marxian-Benjaminian perspective. This article examines the meanings of hope and future concealed within Taussig’s “dark ethnographies” accomplished in Latin America. The purpose of this analysis is to echo Taussig’s concern to write efficiently against terror to acknowledge that even ethnographies of violence and social injustice can carry powerful cultural messages of hope.
{"title":"In Search of Hope: Reimagining the “Dark” in Latin American Marxian Ethnographies","authors":"Cristhian Teófilo da Silva","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Marxian anthropology is a particular trend of “dark anthropology.” Michael Taussig has dedicated his work to understanding the connections of colonialism, capitalism, and local cultures under a Marxian-Benjaminian perspective. This article examines the meanings of hope and future concealed within Taussig’s “dark ethnographies” accomplished in Latin America. The purpose of this analysis is to echo Taussig’s concern to write efficiently against terror to acknowledge that even ethnographies of violence and social injustice can carry powerful cultural messages of hope.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":" 1156","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140092006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current research on Brazilian vacant buildings where squatters live tends to paint a familiar picture: the occupants are united in struggle, resolute in their understanding that squatting is within their constitutional, legal, and natural rights. However, drawing on new data from Rio de Janeiro, we argue that researchers have an incomplete understanding of this process. Our findings reveal considerable ideological variation among occupants regarding their rights to occupy abandoned property, including their understandings of private ownership versus the social function of property. In our analysis, we explain this ideological variation through what we call “moral economies of occupation.” Specifically, we focus on lived experiences of losing or being excluded from secure housing and the remembered role that the state played in that lived experience. This, we argue, is crucial for understanding why some occupants believe in their rights to squat while others doubt it.
{"title":"The Right to Occupy: Moral Economies of Occupation and Social Housing in Urban Brazil","authors":"John Burdick, Jeff Garmany, Mel Gurr","doi":"10.1017/lar.2024.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2024.3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Current research on Brazilian vacant buildings where squatters live tends to paint a familiar picture: the occupants are united in struggle, resolute in their understanding that squatting is within their constitutional, legal, and natural rights. However, drawing on new data from Rio de Janeiro, we argue that researchers have an incomplete understanding of this process. Our findings reveal considerable ideological variation among occupants regarding their rights to occupy abandoned property, including their understandings of private ownership versus the social function of property. In our analysis, we explain this ideological variation through what we call “moral economies of occupation.” Specifically, we focus on lived experiences of losing or being excluded from secure housing and the remembered role that the state played in that lived experience. This, we argue, is crucial for understanding why some occupants believe in their rights to squat while others doubt it.","PeriodicalId":510801,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"107 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140089803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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