Background: Breast cancer treatment can affect women's quality of life, body image, and sexual function across multiple dimensions.
Aim: To assess quality of life, body image, and sexual function in women undergoing breast cancer treatment according to surgical and sociodemographic factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 women treated at a tertiary hospital. Quality of life was measured using World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-Bref, body image with ERIC scale, and sexual function with Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Variables included age, socioeconomic level, relationship status, surgery type (breast-conserving vs. mastectomy), chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy for breast cancer. Associations were examined using Spearman's correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests (P < .05).
Outcomes: Quality of life, body image, and sexual function varied significantly by socioeconomic level, relationship status, age, and surgery type.
Results: Women in stable relationships had higher psychological WHOQOL scores. Higher socioeconomic levels correlated with better physical, psychological, and environmental domains. Breast-conserving surgery showed better psychological outcomes than mastectomy. Younger women and those with conservative surgery reported lower ERIC scores in Social Barriers and Appearance/Sexuality. Among 74 sexually active women, 52 (70%) met FSFI criteria for sexual dysfunction, particularly in Desire, Lubrication, and Dyspareunia, more frequent in women without partners, younger women, and those with mastectomy.
Clinical implications: These findings may help clinicians tailor oncologic care to address physical, psychological, and relational dimensions more effectively.
Strengths & limitations: Strengths include validated instruments and multidimensional assessment; limitations include cross-sectional design, self-reported data, absence of multivariable models, and single-center sample limiting generalizability.
Conclusion: Breast cancer treatment affects multiple aspects of women's well-being, reinforcing the need for comprehensive, patient-centered, multidimensional follow-up.
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