In this paper, topology and shape optimization of truss or frame structures is discussed. The optimization starts from a structure, into which a finite number of nodesare set; all the nodes are connected together by trusses in all possible variants. Unfit variants of the truss system are rejected. Two alternative ways of the optimization are compared: topology optimization starting from initial structure with a larger number of nodes, and topology optimization starting from initial structure with smaller number of nodes but with additional shape optimization of the obtained topology. The topology optimization is solved with original modified genetic algorithm, giving better results in comparison with classical genetic algorithm. Instead of further development of constraint system, the additional step is introduced into algorithm – purification of genotype, which allows complementary improvement of particular population individuals, and together for the optimization process retains more possibilities than stiffening of constraints. The shape optimization is solved by classical genetic algorithm. Both strategies effectively improve the solution, however the common topology/shape optimization requires less computer resources. All numerical examples are obtained with original software developed by the authors.
{"title":"Modified genetic algorithm for optimal design of truss structures","authors":"D. Šešok, R. Belevičius","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.36227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.36227","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, topology and shape optimization of truss or frame structures is discussed. The optimization starts from a structure, into which a finite number of nodesare set; all the nodes are connected together by trusses in all possible variants. Unfit variants of the truss system are rejected. Two alternative ways of the optimization are compared: topology optimization starting from initial structure with a larger number of nodes, and topology optimization starting from initial structure with smaller number of nodes but with additional shape optimization of the obtained topology. The topology optimization is solved with original modified genetic algorithm, giving better results in comparison with classical genetic algorithm. Instead of further development of constraint system, the additional step is introduced into algorithm – purification of genotype, which allows complementary improvement of particular population individuals, and together for the optimization process retains more possibilities than stiffening of constraints. The shape optimization is solved by classical genetic algorithm. Both strategies effectively improve the solution, however the common topology/shape optimization requires less computer resources. All numerical examples are obtained with original software developed by the authors.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanke Wen, H. Ji, Zhongman Cai, Guolong Cui, Haoqian Zhang
The fifth wheel is a connecting device between the semi-trailer and the tractor, which plays the role of connecting and steering. According to the finite element analysis technology, the fifth wheel model is established by CREO software, and import the established model into HyperWorks software, the static analysis and lightweight design of the structure are carried out by finite element simulation. Finally, the optimal solution of fifth wheel structure is obtained, The static performance of the optimized fifth wheel is verified, which proves that the optimized structure is reasonable and meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. After the optimization of fifth wheel for actual production test, the optimized fifth wheel to meet the requirements of national standards.
{"title":"Lightweight Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study of 90# Fifth Wheel","authors":"Yanke Wen, H. Ji, Zhongman Cai, Guolong Cui, Haoqian Zhang","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.32962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.32962","url":null,"abstract":"The fifth wheel is a connecting device between the semi-trailer and the tractor, which plays the role of connecting and steering. According to the finite element analysis technology, the fifth wheel model is established by CREO software, and import the established model into HyperWorks software, the static analysis and lightweight design of the structure are carried out by finite element simulation. Finally, the optimal solution of fifth wheel structure is obtained, The static performance of the optimized fifth wheel is verified, which proves that the optimized structure is reasonable and meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. After the optimization of fifth wheel for actual production test, the optimized fifth wheel to meet the requirements of national standards.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"19 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sports refereeing has traditionally relied on human judgement, which can be prone to errors. However, the development of automatic referee systems has the potential to address this issue, improve training, and promote sports in the future. In this study, we present a novel and portable referee system specifically designed for volleyball games, which utilizes piezoelectric sensors to detect pressure and simultaneously harvest energy for powering the system. The system consists of two parts: a wearable glove and a device mounted on the volleyball. The glove part has five sensors fixed on the fingertips and the volleyball has eight sensors evenly distributed on its surface. The collected contact data from the sensors is wirelessly transmitted to a personal computer. Our experimental results demonstrate that the system can accurately capture a three-second contact and detect foul actions in a volleyball game. These findings highlight the potential of the system for sports and other monitoring applications.
{"title":"Portable Referee System for Volleyball Game Based on Pressure Monitoring and Self-Powering Communication","authors":"Jun Wu, Zile Fan","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.33756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.33756","url":null,"abstract":"Sports refereeing has traditionally relied on human judgement, which can be prone to errors. However, the development of automatic referee systems has the potential to address this issue, improve training, and promote sports in the future. In this study, we present a novel and portable referee system specifically designed for volleyball games, which utilizes piezoelectric sensors to detect pressure and simultaneously harvest energy for powering the system. The system consists of two parts: a wearable glove and a device mounted on the volleyball. The glove part has five sensors fixed on the fingertips and the volleyball has eight sensors evenly distributed on its surface. The collected contact data from the sensors is wirelessly transmitted to a personal computer. Our experimental results demonstrate that the system can accurately capture a three-second contact and detect foul actions in a volleyball game. These findings highlight the potential of the system for sports and other monitoring applications.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a new type of monorail rapid transit vehicle, which can operate in formation. In order to optimize the dynamic performance of the formation vehic-les when passing through the small radius curve, this paper first analyzes the structure of the new monorail rapid transit vehicle, and establishes the vehicle dynamic model and multi-body dynamics simulation model. Then the improved artificial potential field algorithm is used to build the formation vehicle operation controller. Finally, the dynamic performance evaluation index of the new mono-rail rapid transit formation vehicle is formulated, and the formation vehicle passing through the small radius curve scene is simulated. The simulation results show that the controller of the formation vehicle with dynamic optimi-zation control can effectively optimize the load transfer coefficient of running wheels, unbalanced centrifugal acce-leration and roll angle of vehicle body when passing thro-ugh the curve. Through this control method, the dynamic performance of formation vehicles passing through small radius curve lines can be optimized.
{"title":"Dynamic Performance Optimization of Monorail Rapid Transit Formation Vehicles Based on Improved Artificial Potential Field Algorithm","authors":"Haoxin Wu, Zixue Du, Zhen YANG, Xiaoxia WEN","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.34670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.34670","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new type of monorail rapid transit vehicle, which can operate in formation. In order to optimize the dynamic performance of the formation vehic-les when passing through the small radius curve, this paper first analyzes the structure of the new monorail rapid transit vehicle, and establishes the vehicle dynamic model and multi-body dynamics simulation model. Then the improved artificial potential field algorithm is used to build the formation vehicle operation controller. Finally, the dynamic performance evaluation index of the new mono-rail rapid transit formation vehicle is formulated, and the formation vehicle passing through the small radius curve scene is simulated. The simulation results show that the controller of the formation vehicle with dynamic optimi-zation control can effectively optimize the load transfer coefficient of running wheels, unbalanced centrifugal acce-leration and roll angle of vehicle body when passing thro-ugh the curve. Through this control method, the dynamic performance of formation vehicles passing through small radius curve lines can be optimized.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139957219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ghazouani, M. Nasri, Aboulbaba Eladeb, Wael Salah, M. Tashkandi, Nidhal Becheikh
In this study, we present a new identification method of parameters characterizing the elastoplastic damage behavior of sheet metal based on analysis of variance. The analysis covered experimental and numerical simulation results using the finite element method of the sheet mild steel bulge test. The identification procedure was validated through a confrontation between numerical simulations and experimental results on several hydroforming applications, such as a free expansion and an expansion in matrix cavities. Results show consistency between experimental observations and numerical predictions of instabilities. Furthermore, the location of risk areas of instability and rupture and the damage level could be quantified. The analysis focused on a set of results combining experimental data and numerical simulations of the bulge test of steel sheets. The identified models were validated thanks to a comparison between numerical simulations and experimental results of a set of forming applications by bulge test. The results show coherence between the experimental observations and the numerical predictions of the instabilities.
{"title":"The Characterization of the Plastic Instability of S235 Thin Steel Sheets by Multiple Regression and Analysis of Variance Methods","authors":"N. Ghazouani, M. Nasri, Aboulbaba Eladeb, Wael Salah, M. Tashkandi, Nidhal Becheikh","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.34036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.34036","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present a new identification method of parameters characterizing the elastoplastic damage behavior of sheet metal based on analysis of variance. The analysis covered experimental and numerical simulation results using the finite element method of the sheet mild steel bulge test. The identification procedure was validated through a confrontation between numerical simulations and experimental results on several hydroforming applications, such as a free expansion and an expansion in matrix cavities. Results show consistency between experimental observations and numerical predictions of instabilities. Furthermore, the location of risk areas of instability and rupture and the damage level could be quantified. The analysis focused on a set of results combining experimental data and numerical simulations of the bulge test of steel sheets. The identified models were validated thanks to a comparison between numerical simulations and experimental results of a set of forming applications by bulge test. The results show coherence between the experimental observations and the numerical predictions of the instabilities.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140437573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guizhong Xie, Chongmao Zhao, Hao Li, Jun Liu, Yudong Zhong, Wenliao Du, Jiahe Lv, Chao Wu
In this paper, a method of crack propagation analysis based on adaptive extension finite element is proposed. This method combines adaptive mesh reconstruction technology with extended finite element method (XFEM). Firstly, the model of engineering structure is discretized with the help of mesh generation software, and the initial mesh is divided. Secondly, Construction of XFEM model, and the tip of crack strengthening function is introduced to describe the physical field properties of the crack tip. The integral equation is solved to obtain the crack tip parameters. Then, the adaptive mesh reconstruction technology is built to refine the mesh of crack tip area through the error estimation of crack tip. Finally, the SIFs at the crack tip were calculated using the interaction integral, and the path direction of crack growth was determined using the maximum circumferential tensile stress criterion. Thus, the propagation path can be well traced.
{"title":"An adaptive extended finite element based crack propagation analysis method","authors":"Guizhong Xie, Chongmao Zhao, Hao Li, Jun Liu, Yudong Zhong, Wenliao Du, Jiahe Lv, Chao Wu","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.33301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.33301","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a method of crack propagation analysis based on adaptive extension finite element is proposed. This method combines adaptive mesh reconstruction technology with extended finite element method (XFEM). Firstly, the model of engineering structure is discretized with the help of mesh generation software, and the initial mesh is divided. Secondly, Construction of XFEM model, and the tip of crack strengthening function is introduced to describe the physical field properties of the crack tip. The integral equation is solved to obtain the crack tip parameters. Then, the adaptive mesh reconstruction technology is built to refine the mesh of crack tip area through the error estimation of crack tip. Finally, the SIFs at the crack tip were calculated using the interaction integral, and the path direction of crack growth was determined using the maximum circumferential tensile stress criterion. Thus, the propagation path can be well traced.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the electromagnetic shaker table, the resonant fatigue testing system and the corresponding conventional fatigue testing system were designed respectively. The fatigue life (S-N) curves of smooth and notched 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy specimens were measured in the range of 105-107 cycles, and the notch fatigue property of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy under bending resonance environment was studied. The results indicate that the fracture mechanism under bending resonant fatigue environment is roughly the same as that under bending conventional fatigue loading. All the S-N curves obtained through resonant and conventional fatigue tests show a continuously downward trend, and there are no obvious fatigue limits. Notch fatigue property under bending resonance environment presents “stage characteristics”, which increases first and then decreases with the increase of cycles. There is a critical cycle number Nc at 8×105 cycles, corresponding to the maximum fatigue notch factor Kf-max (or the maximum notch sensitivity factor qmax). There are two critical cycles N1 and N2. When N1
{"title":"Notch Fatigue Property of 7050-T7451 Aluminum Alloy under Bending Resonance Environment","authors":"Dingni He, Wei Cui, Yunfei Liao, Jianbo Zhang","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.33709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.33709","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the electromagnetic shaker table, the resonant fatigue testing system and the corresponding conventional fatigue testing system were designed respectively. The fatigue life (S-N) curves of smooth and notched 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy specimens were measured in the range of 105-107 cycles, and the notch fatigue property of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy under bending resonance environment was studied. The results indicate that the fracture mechanism under bending resonant fatigue environment is roughly the same as that under bending conventional fatigue loading. All the S-N curves obtained through resonant and conventional fatigue tests show a continuously downward trend, and there are no obvious fatigue limits. Notch fatigue property under bending resonance environment presents “stage characteristics”, which increases first and then decreases with the increase of cycles. There is a critical cycle number Nc at 8×105 cycles, corresponding to the maximum fatigue notch factor Kf-max (or the maximum notch sensitivity factor qmax). There are two critical cycles N1 and N2. When N1<N<N2, the notch fatigue property of the material and the corresponding structures under resonance environment requires more consideration than conventional fatigue loading.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"25 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel 3-PSS/7R spatial hybrid redundantly driven mechanism (HRDM) is proposed. The mechanism is driven by constant velocity (CV) motor and servo motor at the same time. The CV motor provides the main power for the system, and the servo motor plays the role of motion regulation. This system not only has the advantages of the traditional mechanical system, such as stable operation, large bearing capacity, but also can output controllable and adjustable flexible trajectory. The degrees of freedom of the mechanism are determined by the middle limb, which is called hybrid redundantly driven limb, which is driven by both CV motor and servo motor. Based on closed vector method, the position equation of the mechanism is established, and the velocity mapping matrix and acceleration change law of the mechanism are obtained. Further, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the mechanism to realize continuous trajectory and the relationship of rod constraints are obtained. The correctness of the kinematics equation and the smooth and controllable operation of the mechanism are verified by examples. The research results of this paper lay a foundation for the in-depth research and application expansion of spatial hybrid redundantly driven mechanism.
{"title":"Kinematics and Trajectory Planning of 3-PSS/7R Spatial Hybrid Re-dundantly Driven Mechanism","authors":"Qisheng Zhang, Ruiqin Li, Jingjing Liang, Yao Wei","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.30862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.30862","url":null,"abstract":" A novel 3-PSS/7R spatial hybrid redundantly driven mechanism (HRDM) is proposed. The mechanism is driven by constant velocity (CV) motor and servo motor at the same time. The CV motor provides the main power for the system, and the servo motor plays the role of motion regulation. This system not only has the advantages of the traditional mechanical system, such as stable operation, large bearing capacity, but also can output controllable and adjustable flexible trajectory. The degrees of freedom of the mechanism are determined by the middle limb, which is called hybrid redundantly driven limb, which is driven by both CV motor and servo motor. Based on closed vector method, the position equation of the mechanism is established, and the velocity mapping matrix and acceleration change law of the mechanism are obtained. Further, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the mechanism to realize continuous trajectory and the relationship of rod constraints are obtained. The correctness of the kinematics equation and the smooth and controllable operation of the mechanism are verified by examples. The research results of this paper lay a foundation for the in-depth research and application expansion of spatial hybrid redundantly driven mechanism.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three modified proportional topology optimization (MPTO) algorithms are presented in this paper, which are named MPTOc, MPTOs and MPTOm, respectively. MPTOc aims to address the minimum compliance problem with volume constraint, MPTOs aims to solve the minimum volume fraction problem under stress constraint, and MPTOm aims to tackle the minimum volume fraction problem under compliance and stress constraints. In order to get rid of the shortcomings of the original proportional topology optimization (PTO) algorithm and improve the comprehensive performance of the PTO algorithm, the proposed algorithms modify the material interpolation scheme and introduce the Heaviside threshold function based on the PTO algorithm. To confirm the effectiveness and superiority of the presented algorithms, multiple optimization problems for the classical MBB beam are solved, and the original PTO algorithm is compared with the new algorithms. Numerical examples show that MPTOc, MPTOs and MPTOm enjoy distinct advantages over the PTO algorithm in the matter of convergence efficiency and the ability to obtain distinct topology structure without redundancy. Moreover, MPTOc has the fastest convergence speed among these algorithms and can acquire the smallest (best) compliance value. In addition, the new algorithms are also superior to PTO concerning suppressing gray-scale elements.
{"title":"Modified proportional topology optimization algorithm for multiple optimization problems","authors":"Xiong Rao, Run Du, Wenming Cheng, Yi Yang","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.34367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.34367","url":null,"abstract":"Three modified proportional topology optimization (MPTO) algorithms are presented in this paper, which are named MPTOc, MPTOs and MPTOm, respectively. MPTOc aims to address the minimum compliance problem with volume constraint, MPTOs aims to solve the minimum volume fraction problem under stress constraint, and MPTOm aims to tackle the minimum volume fraction problem under compliance and stress constraints. In order to get rid of the shortcomings of the original proportional topology optimization (PTO) algorithm and improve the comprehensive performance of the PTO algorithm, the proposed algorithms modify the material interpolation scheme and introduce the Heaviside threshold function based on the PTO algorithm. To confirm the effectiveness and superiority of the presented algorithms, multiple optimization problems for the classical MBB beam are solved, and the original PTO algorithm is compared with the new algorithms. Numerical examples show that MPTOc, MPTOs and MPTOm enjoy distinct advantages over the PTO algorithm in the matter of convergence efficiency and the ability to obtain distinct topology structure without redundancy. Moreover, MPTOc has the fastest convergence speed among these algorithms and can acquire the smallest (best) compliance value. In addition, the new algorithms are also superior to PTO concerning suppressing gray-scale elements.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"9 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A powerful soundwave from shooting a firearm can travel great distances harming the shooter as well as anyone or anything standing nearby. To address this a firearm suppressor is used. A suppressor muffles the soundwave to a level that is usually safe for the shooter and its environment. A suppressor usually has 3-4 main parts that highly influence its effectiveness. The study aims to investigate how baffle design and placement selection influences the suppressor's effectiveness. The study consists of 162 different baffle design configurations. Suppressors with 3 to 9 baffles, angled from 30 to 60 degrees are simulated in a CFD environment. Slightly rounded baffles as well as different chamber volumes are tested as well. Suppressors with the best designs were then produced and tested on a firing range. At the firing range, a result of 32,24 dB delta was achieved and was only 4,67 % different than the result presented in the CFD study which was 30,8 dB respectively. The 9 straight geometry baffle angled at 30 degrees suppressor with an average chamber volume proved to be the most efficient and combined with a large initial chamber was the most efficient design in this study.
{"title":"Performance Analysis of Different Firearm Suppressor Structures","authors":"Vytautas Giedraitis, A. Kilikevičius","doi":"10.5755/j02.mech.35196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.35196","url":null,"abstract":"A powerful soundwave from shooting a firearm can travel great distances harming the shooter as well as anyone or anything standing nearby. To address this a firearm suppressor is used. A suppressor muffles the soundwave to a level that is usually safe for the shooter and its environment. A suppressor usually has 3-4 main parts that highly influence its effectiveness. The study aims to investigate how baffle design and placement selection influences the suppressor's effectiveness. The study consists of 162 different baffle design configurations. Suppressors with 3 to 9 baffles, angled from 30 to 60 degrees are simulated in a CFD environment. Slightly rounded baffles as well as different chamber volumes are tested as well. Suppressors with the best designs were then produced and tested on a firing range. At the firing range, a result of 32,24 dB delta was achieved and was only 4,67 % different than the result presented in the CFD study which was 30,8 dB respectively. The 9 straight geometry baffle angled at 30 degrees suppressor with an average chamber volume proved to be the most efficient and combined with a large initial chamber was the most efficient design in this study.","PeriodicalId":511970,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics","volume":"111 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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