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Evaluation of the effects of the third molar on distalization and the effects of attachments on distalization and expansion with clear aligners: Three-dimensional finite element study.
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.202
Aslihan Kuguoglu, Bengisu Akarsu-Guven

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of attachment design on maxillary molar distalization and simultaneous expansion during distalization, and the influence of third molars on distalization in the clear aligner technique using the finite element method.

Methods: Six models were created to evaluate three different attachment designs on the second molars. Model I: employed a vertical rectangular attachment; Model II: used a vertical rectangular attachment with the presence of the third molar; Model III: used a combined semi-elliptical attachment; and Model IV: featured an opposed semi-elliptical attachment with buccal and palatal components. Models I through IV focused on distalization. Models V and VI were created by adding expansions to Models III and IV. The displacement amounts, clear aligner deformations, and stress distributions were analyzed using Ansys 19.2.

Results: The presence of a third molar reduced maximum total displacement by 17%. Models I and III demonstrated similar distal displacement and tipping, both of which were more pronounced than in Model IV. Model IV achieved the most parallel tooth movement, with the least distal and buccal tipping and minimal distopalatal rotation. In the comparison of Models V and VI, Model VI exhibited greater distal and buccal displacements and more tipping than Model V.

Conclusions: The presence of a third molar reduced distalization efficiency and increased clear aligner deformation. For both movements, the attachment that provided the most parallel movement showed the least displacement. When selecting attachments, it is essential to consider factors such as tooth rotation, inclination, bone support, and root health.

{"title":"Evaluation of the effects of the third molar on distalization and the effects of attachments on distalization and expansion with clear aligners: Three-dimensional finite element study.","authors":"Aslihan Kuguoglu, Bengisu Akarsu-Guven","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.202","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of attachment design on maxillary molar distalization and simultaneous expansion during distalization, and the influence of third molars on distalization in the clear aligner technique using the finite element method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six models were created to evaluate three different attachment designs on the second molars. Model I: employed a vertical rectangular attachment; Model II: used a vertical rectangular attachment with the presence of the third molar; Model III: used a combined semi-elliptical attachment; and Model IV: featured an opposed semi-elliptical attachment with buccal and palatal components. Models I through IV focused on distalization. Models V and VI were created by adding expansions to Models III and IV. The displacement amounts, clear aligner deformations, and stress distributions were analyzed using Ansys 19.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The presence of a third molar reduced maximum total displacement by 17%. Models I and III demonstrated similar distal displacement and tipping, both of which were more pronounced than in Model IV. Model IV achieved the most parallel tooth movement, with the least distal and buccal tipping and minimal distopalatal rotation. In the comparison of Models V and VI, Model VI exhibited greater distal and buccal displacements and more tipping than Model V.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of a third molar reduced distalization efficiency and increased clear aligner deformation. For both movements, the attachment that provided the most parallel movement showed the least displacement. When selecting attachments, it is essential to consider factors such as tooth rotation, inclination, bone support, and root health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 1","pages":"69-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scanning electron microscopy analysis of metallic and aesthetic bracket meshes before and after debonding.
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.073
Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez, Hugo Marcelo Flores-Ruiz, Abigailt Flores-Ledesma, Alvaro García-Pérez, Lourdes Bazán-Diaz

Objective: To study the influence of bracket base meshes on shear bond strength and observe them using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after debonding.

Methods: Ninety brackets were divided into nine groups of 10 samples each: G1-Alexander, G2-Mini Sprint® Brackets, G3-In-Ovation R CCO, G4-Gemini SL Self-Ligating Bracket, G5-Classic mini 2G Stylus®, G6-Gemini Metal Brackets, G7-ClarityTM Advanced, G8-Crystall-Ize®, and G9-Ceramic Series Flexx 2G®. Groups G1 to G6 and G7 to G9 consisted of metallic and aesthetic brackets, respectively. Initial photographs of all brackets were taken through SEM at 25X magnification. The brackets were then bonded to premolars using TransbondTM XT, and a shear bond strength test was conducted after 24 hours using an Instron machine at 1 mm/min. After debonding, the bracket meshes were observed using SEM.

Results: Before bonding, 72.22% of brackets didn't present mesh defects, while 27.77% did. SEM analysis revealed that G4 and G5 presented defects in 100%, G7 in 40%, and G8 in 10%. The average shear bond strength of 9.67 ± 2.84 MPa and 11.21 ± 4.99 MPa were obtained for both metallic and aesthetic brackets, respectively. A Pairwise-Wilcoxon test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction was conducted to determine specific statistical differences between the groups, revealing significant differences based on bracket type and shear bond strength (P < 0.009).

Conclusions: This study suggested that the shape of bracket meshes influenced shear bond strength.

{"title":"Scanning electron microscopy analysis of metallic and aesthetic bracket meshes before and after debonding.","authors":"Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez, Hugo Marcelo Flores-Ruiz, Abigailt Flores-Ledesma, Alvaro García-Pérez, Lourdes Bazán-Diaz","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.073","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the influence of bracket base meshes on shear bond strength and observe them using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after debonding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety brackets were divided into nine groups of 10 samples each: G1-Alexander, G2-Mini Sprint<sup>®</sup> Brackets, G3-In-Ovation R CCO, G4-Gemini SL Self-Ligating Bracket, G5-Classic mini 2G Stylus<sup>®</sup>, G6-Gemini Metal Brackets, G7-Clarity<sup>TM</sup> Advanced, G8-Crystall-Ize<sup>®</sup>, and G9-Ceramic Series Flexx 2G<sup>®</sup>. Groups G1 to G6 and G7 to G9 consisted of metallic and aesthetic brackets, respectively. Initial photographs of all brackets were taken through SEM at 25X magnification. The brackets were then bonded to premolars using Transbond<sup>TM</sup> XT, and a shear bond strength test was conducted after 24 hours using an Instron machine at 1 mm/min. After debonding, the bracket meshes were observed using SEM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before bonding, 72.22% of brackets didn't present mesh defects, while 27.77% did. SEM analysis revealed that G4 and G5 presented defects in 100%, G7 in 40%, and G8 in 10%. The average shear bond strength of 9.67 ± 2.84 MPa and 11.21 ± 4.99 MPa were obtained for both metallic and aesthetic brackets, respectively. A Pairwise-Wilcoxon test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction was conducted to determine specific statistical differences between the groups, revealing significant differences based on bracket type and shear bond strength (<i>P</i> < 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggested that the shape of bracket meshes influenced shear bond strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the effect of attachments on torque control of palatally positioned maxillary lateral teeth with clear aligners: Finite element analysis.
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.029
Nurver Karsli, Irmak Ocak, Sevil Gökcek, Ömür Polat Özsoy

Objective: The effect of different attachment positions on torque control during the labialization of maxillary lateral incisors with clear aligners was evaluated using finite element analysis.

Methods: Anatomical data acquired through cone-beam computed tomography, combined with the design of 0.625-mm-thick aligners and horizontal attachments, were integrated into the software. Six distinct simulations were generated: (1) attachment-free, (2) labial attachment placed gingivally, (3) labial attachment placed mid-crown, (4) labial attachment placed incisally, (5) palatal attachment, and (6) attachment placed labially and palatally. The evaluation was performed using a default aligner activation of 0.25 mm.

Results: The crown of the lateral incisor demonstrated labial movement, while the root exhibited palatal movement in all models. Group 6 showed the lowest crown and root displacements on both axes, whereas the attachment-free group exhibited the greatest crown movement. The aligner experienced maximum deformation at the incisal edge, with deformation progressively decreasing towards the gingival region. Group 6 demonstrated the least deformation of all groups. The Von Mises stresses in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were most pronounced at the gingival level, with higher values on the palatal side than on the labial side.

Conclusions: The use of attachments, particularly the combination of labial and palatal attachments, enables a more precise labialization process, helping to reduce tipping. Increasing crown movement of the lateral incisor elevates stress within the PDL, with the highest stress observed in the palatal region at the gingival level.

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of attachments on torque control of palatally positioned maxillary lateral teeth with clear aligners: Finite element analysis.","authors":"Nurver Karsli, Irmak Ocak, Sevil Gökcek, Ömür Polat Özsoy","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.029","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The effect of different attachment positions on torque control during the labialization of maxillary lateral incisors with clear aligners was evaluated using finite element analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anatomical data acquired through cone-beam computed tomography, combined with the design of 0.625-mm-thick aligners and horizontal attachments, were integrated into the software. Six distinct simulations were generated: (1) attachment-free, (2) labial attachment placed gingivally, (3) labial attachment placed mid-crown, (4) labial attachment placed incisally, (5) palatal attachment, and (6) attachment placed labially and palatally. The evaluation was performed using a default aligner activation of 0.25 mm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The crown of the lateral incisor demonstrated labial movement, while the root exhibited palatal movement in all models. Group 6 showed the lowest crown and root displacements on both axes, whereas the attachment-free group exhibited the greatest crown movement. The aligner experienced maximum deformation at the incisal edge, with deformation progressively decreasing towards the gingival region. Group 6 demonstrated the least deformation of all groups. The Von Mises stresses in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were most pronounced at the gingival level, with higher values on the palatal side than on the labial side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of attachments, particularly the combination of labial and palatal attachments, enables a more precise labialization process, helping to reduce tipping. Increasing crown movement of the lateral incisor elevates stress within the PDL, with the highest stress observed in the palatal region at the gingival level.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 1","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combined anterior and posterior miniscrews increase apical root resorption of maxillary incisors in protrusion and premolar extraction cases.
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.136
Zhizun Wang, Li Mei, Zhenxing Tang, Dong Wu, Yue Zhou, Ehab A Abdulghani, Yuan Li, Wei Zheng, Yu Li

Objective: Miniscrews are commonly utilized as temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in cases of maxillary protrusion and premolar extraction. This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential side effects of two conventional miniscrew configurations on the maxillary incisors.

Methods: Eighty-two adult patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion who had undergone bilateral first premolar extraction were retrospectively divided into three groups: non-TAD, two posterior miniscrews only (P-TADs), and two anterior and two posterior miniscrews combined (AP-TADs). Cone-beam computed tomography was used to evaluate the maxillary central incisors (U1).

Results: The AP-TADs group had significantly greater U1 intrusion (1.99 ± 2.37 mm, n = 50) and less retroclination (1.70° ± 8.80°) compared to the P-TADs (-0.07 ± 1.65 mm and 9.45° ± 10.68°, n = 60) and non-TAD group (0.30 ± 1.61 mm and 1.91° ± 9.39°, n = 54). However, the AP-TADs group suffered from significantly greater apical root resorption (ARR) of U1 (2.69 ± 1.38 mm) than the P-TADs (1.63 ± 1.46 mm) and non-TAD group (0.89 ± 0.97 mm). Notably, the incidence of grade IV ARR was 16.6% in the AP-TADs group, significantly higher than the rates observed in the P-TADs (6.7%) and non-TAD (1.9%) groups. Multiple regression analysis revealed that after excluding tooth movement factors, the AP-TADs configuration resulted in an additional 0.5 mm of ARR compared with the P-TADs group.

Conclusions: In cases of maxillary protrusion and premolar extraction, the use of combined anterior and posterior miniscrews enhances incisor intrusion and minimizes torque loss of the maxillary incisors. However, this approach results in more severe ARR, likely due to the increased apical movement and composite force exerted.

{"title":"Combined anterior and posterior miniscrews increase apical root resorption of maxillary incisors in protrusion and premolar extraction cases.","authors":"Zhizun Wang, Li Mei, Zhenxing Tang, Dong Wu, Yue Zhou, Ehab A Abdulghani, Yuan Li, Wei Zheng, Yu Li","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.136","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Miniscrews are commonly utilized as temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in cases of maxillary protrusion and premolar extraction. This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential side effects of two conventional miniscrew configurations on the maxillary incisors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-two adult patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion who had undergone bilateral first premolar extraction were retrospectively divided into three groups: non-TAD, two posterior miniscrews only (P-TADs), and two anterior and two posterior miniscrews combined (AP-TADs). Cone-beam computed tomography was used to evaluate the maxillary central incisors (U1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AP-TADs group had significantly greater U1 intrusion (1.99 ± 2.37 mm, n = 50) and less retroclination (1.70° ± 8.80°) compared to the P-TADs (-0.07 ± 1.65 mm and 9.45° ± 10.68°, n = 60) and non-TAD group (0.30 ± 1.61 mm and 1.91° ± 9.39°, n = 54). However, the AP-TADs group suffered from significantly greater apical root resorption (ARR) of U1 (2.69 ± 1.38 mm) than the P-TADs (1.63 ± 1.46 mm) and non-TAD group (0.89 ± 0.97 mm). Notably, the incidence of grade IV ARR was 16.6% in the AP-TADs group, significantly higher than the rates observed in the P-TADs (6.7%) and non-TAD (1.9%) groups. Multiple regression analysis revealed that after excluding tooth movement factors, the AP-TADs configuration resulted in an additional 0.5 mm of ARR compared with the P-TADs group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In cases of maxillary protrusion and premolar extraction, the use of combined anterior and posterior miniscrews enhances incisor intrusion and minimizes torque loss of the maxillary incisors. However, this approach results in more severe ARR, likely due to the increased apical movement and composite force exerted.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 1","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the effects of obesity on orthodontic tooth movement.
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Epub Date: 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.001
Mustafa Uzun, Mine Geçgelen Cesur, Ömer Erdoğan

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate bone remodeling in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during canine distalization in obese individuals and compare it to that in normal-weight individuals. Additionally, the orthodontic tooth movement rates of obese individuals were measured and compared with those of normal-weight individuals.

Methods: Thirty-six patients (18 obese and 18 normal-weight) aged 12-18 years who were candidates for maxillary first premolar extraction for Angle Class II malocclusion were included in the study. The two groups were formed according to World Health Organization guidelines. A normal-weight group (body mass index [BMI] 16-85%) and an obese group (BMI ≥ 95%). Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected before, 24 hours after, and on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after the application of the distalization force. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure leptin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in GCF samples. In addition to the recorded GCF sampling times, the amount of canine tooth movement was calculated using digital models obtained on the 28th day and 3rd month.

Results: Leptin, RANKL, OPG, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the obese group (P < 0.05). The digital model measurements displayed high rates of repeatability (ICC 0.990). The difference in the amount of tooth movement between groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: Although obese and normal-weight individuals showed different biomarker levels during tooth movement, there were no significant differences in the amount of movement.

{"title":"Evaluation of the effects of obesity on orthodontic tooth movement.","authors":"Mustafa Uzun, Mine Geçgelen Cesur, Ömer Erdoğan","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.001","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate bone remodeling in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during canine distalization in obese individuals and compare it to that in normal-weight individuals. Additionally, the orthodontic tooth movement rates of obese individuals were measured and compared with those of normal-weight individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six patients (18 obese and 18 normal-weight) aged 12-18 years who were candidates for maxillary first premolar extraction for Angle Class II malocclusion were included in the study. The two groups were formed according to World Health Organization guidelines. A normal-weight group (body mass index [BMI] 16-85%) and an obese group (BMI ≥ 95%). Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected before, 24 hours after, and on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after the application of the distalization force. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure leptin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in GCF samples. In addition to the recorded GCF sampling times, the amount of canine tooth movement was calculated using digital models obtained on the 28th day and 3rd month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Leptin, RANKL, OPG, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the obese group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The digital model measurements displayed high rates of repeatability (ICC 0.990). The difference in the amount of tooth movement between groups was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although obese and normal-weight individuals showed different biomarker levels during tooth movement, there were no significant differences in the amount of movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors affecting external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors associated with microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion. 影响与微型种植体辅助快速腭扩展相关的上颌切牙根尖外吸收的因素。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-11-25 Epub Date: 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.109
Jee-Hoon Chang, Jin-Woo Lee

Objective: To measure and compare the extent of root resorption in the maxillary incisors following microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) and to identify risk factors of root resorption after expansion.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images were obtained from a total of 60 patients both before expansion (T1) and 3 to 6 months after expansion (T2). Measurements taken included tooth length, root length, crown length and center of resistance. Resorption length (RL) and resorption length percentage (RLp), resorption volume (RV) and resorption volume percentage (RVp) and the amount of expansion were calculated.

Results: A significant difference in tooth length and volume was observed in both the central and lateral incisors before and after expansion. The resorption index (RL, RLp, RV, RVp) was significantly higher in the central incisors than in the lateral incisor. There was a significant correlation between several factors: age and RLp of the central incisors, the amount of expansion and RVp of the central incisors, tooth length of the central incisors and RL, RLp of the central incisors, root/crown ratio of the central incisors and RL of the central incisors, as well as tooth length of the lateral incisors and the RL of the lateral incisors.

Conclusions: Significant root resorption occurs in maxillary incisors following MARPE, with central incisors root resorption being significantly higher than lateral incisors. Key risk factors for root resorption after MARPE include advanced age, a larger amount of expansion, initial tooth length, and a root/crown ratio.

目的测量并比较微种植体辅助快速腭扩弓(MARPE)后上颌切牙牙根吸收的程度,并确定扩弓后牙根吸收的风险因素:共有 60 名患者在扩弓前(T1)和扩弓后 3 至 6 个月(T2)获得了锥形束计算机断层扫描图像。测量项目包括牙齿长度、牙根长度、牙冠长度和阻力中心。计算吸收长度(RL)和吸收长度百分比(RLp)、吸收体积(RV)和吸收体积百分比(RVp)以及扩容量:中切牙和侧切牙的牙齿长度和体积在扩弓前后均有明显差异。中切牙的吸收指数(RL、RLp、RV、RVp)明显高于侧切牙。以下几个因素之间存在着明显的相关性:年龄与中切牙的RLp,扩弓量与中切牙的RVp,中切牙的牙长与RL,中切牙的RLp,中切牙的牙根/牙冠比与中切牙的RL,以及侧切牙的牙长与侧切牙的RL:结论:MARPE术后上颌切牙会发生严重的牙根吸收,其中中切牙的牙根吸收率明显高于侧切牙。MARPE术后牙根吸收的主要风险因素包括高龄、较大的扩张量、初始牙齿长度以及牙根/牙冠比率。
{"title":"Factors affecting external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors associated with microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion.","authors":"Jee-Hoon Chang, Jin-Woo Lee","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.109","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To measure and compare the extent of root resorption in the maxillary incisors following microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) and to identify risk factors of root resorption after expansion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomography images were obtained from a total of 60 patients both before expansion (T1) and 3 to 6 months after expansion (T2). Measurements taken included tooth length, root length, crown length and center of resistance. Resorption length (RL) and resorption length percentage (RLp), resorption volume (RV) and resorption volume percentage (RVp) and the amount of expansion were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant difference in tooth length and volume was observed in both the central and lateral incisors before and after expansion. The resorption index (RL, RLp, RV, RVp) was significantly higher in the central incisors than in the lateral incisor. There was a significant correlation between several factors: age and RLp of the central incisors, the amount of expansion and RVp of the central incisors, tooth length of the central incisors and RL, RLp of the central incisors, root/crown ratio of the central incisors and RL of the central incisors, as well as tooth length of the lateral incisors and the RL of the lateral incisors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant root resorption occurs in maxillary incisors following MARPE, with central incisors root resorption being significantly higher than lateral incisors. Key risk factors for root resorption after MARPE include advanced age, a larger amount of expansion, initial tooth length, and a root/crown ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"54 6","pages":"392-402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
READER'S FORUM. 读者论坛。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.4041/kjod54.0006RF
Hyo-Won Ahn
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引用次数: 0
Effect of bone-borne maxillary skeletal expanders on cranial and circummaxillary sutures: A cone-beam computed tomography study. 骨性上颌骨扩张器对颅缝和颌周缝的影响:锥形束计算机断层扫描研究。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-11-25 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.180
Bin Xu, Jung-Jin Park, Jin Bai, Seong-Hun Kim

Objective: Miniscrew-assisted maxillary expansion devices are frequently used for patients with calcified midpalatal sutures. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two bone-borne maxillary expansion appliances on the cranial and circummaxillary sutures by comparing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images before and after transverse maxillary expansion.

Methods: A total of 81 patients (women = 58, men = 23) were treated with either a C-expander (n = 44) or an ATOZ expander (n = 37). CBCT images were obtained before (T0) and after (T1) maxillary expansion, and the widths of 10 circummaxillary sutures were measured in the sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the changes in suture width between the C-expander and ATOZ groups, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results: The frontonasal, frontomaxillary, pterygomaxillary, nasomaxillary, internasal, intermaxillary, and midpalatal suture widths increased significantly after maxillary expansion in both the ATOZ and C-expander groups (both P < 0.05). The frontozygomatic, zygomaticomaxillary, and temporozygomatic suture widths decreased in the C-expander group (P < 0.05), whereas the frontozygomatic suture width increased significantly in the ATOZ group (P < 0.05). The width changes of the frontozygomatic, zygomaticomaxillary, temporozygomatic, pterygomaxillary, internasal, intermaxillary, and midpalatal sutures differed significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Both the C- and ATOZ expanders affected the suture width in the naso-maxillo-zygomatic region. The C-expander decreased the circum-zygomatic suture widths, whereas the ATOZ expander widened the frontozygomatic suture with no effect on other circummaxillary sutures.

目的:微型螺钉辅助上颌扩弓器常用于腭中缝钙化的患者。本研究旨在通过比较上颌骨横向扩张前后的锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)图像,评估两种骨性上颌骨扩张器对颅缝和颌周缝的影响:共有 81 名患者(女性 58 人,男性 23 人)接受了 C 型扩张器(44 人)或 ATOZ 型扩张器(37 人)的治疗。分别在上颌扩弓前(T0)和扩弓后(T1)获得 CBCT 图像,并在矢状面、冠状面和轴状面上测量了 10 条颌周缝的宽度。采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较C-expander组和ATOZ组缝线宽度的变化,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义:ATOZ组和C-expander组的前颌缝、前颌缝、翼颌缝、鼻颌缝、鼻内缝、颌间缝和腭中缝宽度在上颌骨扩张后均显著增加(P均<0.05)。C-expander 组的前颧缝、颧颌缝和颞颧缝宽度减少(P < 0.05),而 ATOZ 组的前颧缝宽度明显增加(P < 0.05)。前颧缝、颧颌缝、颞颧缝、翼颌缝、颌内缝、颌间缝和腭中缝的宽度变化在两组之间存在显著差异(P < 0.05):结论:C扩张器和ATOZ扩张器都会影响鼻-颌-颧区域的缝合宽度。结论:C扩张器和ATOZ扩张器都会影响鼻-颌-颧区域的缝合宽度,C扩张器减小了颧骨周缝的宽度,而ATOZ扩张器加宽了前颧骨缝,但对其他颌周缝没有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Unaccounted clustering assumptions still compromise inferences in cluster randomized trials in orthodontic research. 在正畸研究中,未考虑的聚类假设仍会影响聚类随机试验的推论。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-11-25 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.051
Samer Mheissen, Haris Khan, Mays Aldandan, Despina Koletsi

Objective: This meta-epidemiological study aimed to determine whether optimal sample size calculation was applied in orthodontic cluster randomized trials (CRTs).

Methods: Orthodontic randomized clinical trials with a cluster design, published between January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023, in leading orthodontic journals were sourced. Study selection was undertaken by two independent authors. The study characteristics and variables required for sample size calculation were also extracted by the authors. The design effect for each trial was calculated using an intra-cluster correlation coefficient of 0.1 and the number of teeth in each cluster to recalculate the sample size. Descriptive statistics for the study characteristics, summary values for the design effect, and sample sizes were provided.

Results: One-hundred and five CRTs were deemed eligible for inclusion. Of these, 100 reported sample size calculation. Nine CRTs (9.0%) did not report any effect measures for the sample size calculation, and a few did not report any power assumptions or significance levels or thresholds. Regarding the specific variables for the cluster design, only one CRT reported a design effect and adjusted the sample size accordingly. Recalculations indicated that the sample size of orthodontic CRTs should be increased by a median of 50% to maintain the same statistical power and significance level.

Conclusions: Sample size calculations in orthodontic cluster trials were suboptimal. Greater awareness of the cluster design and variables is required to calculate the sample size adequately, to reduce the practice of underpowered studies.

研究目的这项荟萃流行病学研究旨在确定正畸分组随机试验(CRT)是否采用了最佳样本量计算方法:收集了2017年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间发表在主要正畸期刊上的采用集群设计的正畸随机临床试验。研究选择由两位独立作者进行。计算样本量所需的研究特征和变量也由作者提取。使用 0.1 的群内相关系数和每个群中的牙齿数量来计算每个试验的设计效应,从而重新计算样本量。研究结果提供了研究特征的描述性统计、设计效应的汇总值和样本量:有 105 项 CRT 符合纳入条件。其中 100 项报告了样本量计算。有 9 项 CRT(9.0%)未报告样本量计算的任何效果测量值,少数 CRT 未报告任何功率假设或显著性水平或阈值。关于分组设计的具体变量,只有一个 CRT 报告了设计效应,并相应调整了样本量。重新计算表明,正畸 CRT 的样本量应增加中位数的 50%,以保持相同的统计能力和显著性水平:结论:正畸分组试验的样本量计算并不理想。需要提高对聚类设计和变量的认识,以充分计算样本量,从而减少样本量不足的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of different designs of 3D printed clear aligners on mandibular premolar extrusion using force/moment measurement devices and digital image correlation method. 使用力/力矩测量设备和数字图像相关方法,评估不同设计的三维打印透明对齐器对下颌前磨牙挤压的影响。
IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-11-25 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.016
Jong-Chan Baik, Youn-Kyung Choi, Yonghun Cho, Yunju Baek, Sung-Hun Kim, Seong-Sik Kim, Soo-Byung Park, Ki Beom Kim, Yong-Il Kim

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of three-dimensional (3D) printed clear aligners (CA) with different designs on the extrusion of mandibular premolars using a force/moment measurement system and digital image correlation (DIC).

Methods: The forces and moments applied to the mandibular canines, first and second premolars were measured using a multi-axis force/moment transducer when an extrusion of 0.5 mm was planned, assuming the mandibular first premolars were intruded by 1 mm. In addition, displacement and strain changes in the CA were analyzed using the DIC method. CA designs were categorized based on the presence of first premolar attachment and subdivided into equigingival margins, 1-mm extended margins, equi-margins with 1-mm thickness and height, and equi-margins with 1-mm reduced buccolingual width. The CA was printed directly at a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the experiments were conducted at 37°C.

Results: The results showed that attachment played an important role in the extrusion of first premolars in both the force/moment measurement system and the DIC method. Intrusion was observed without attachment, even though extrusion was planned. CA designs apply greater force to the cervical region by extending the margin or reducing the buccolingual width, thereby improving extrusion efficiency.

Conclusions: Force and moment changes in direct 3D printed CA are complex and difficult to predict; however, modifying aligner designs, such as extending the margin or reducing buccolingual width, and using appropriate attachments could minimize unwanted tooth movement, optimize planned treatment, and increase treatment predictability.

研究目的本研究旨在使用力/力矩测量系统和数字图像相关性(DIC)研究不同设计的三维(3D)打印透明矫治器(CA)对下颌前磨牙挤压的影响:方法:使用多轴力/力矩传感器测量下颌犬齿、第一和第二前臼齿所受的力和力矩,假设下颌第一前臼齿内陷 1 毫米,计划挤压 0.5 毫米。此外,还使用 DIC 方法分析了 CA 的位移和应变变化。CA设计根据第一前磨牙附着情况进行分类,并细分为等龈边缘、1毫米扩展边缘、厚度和高度均为1毫米的等龈边缘以及颊舌侧宽度减少1毫米的等龈边缘。CA 直接印制,厚度为 0.5 毫米,实验在 37°C 温度下进行:结果:实验结果表明,在力/力矩测量系统和 DIC 方法中,附着对第一前磨牙的挤出起着重要作用。在没有附着的情况下也能观察到挤压,即使挤压是有计划的。CA设计通过延长边缘或减少颊舌侧宽度,在颈部区域施加更大的力,从而提高挤压效率:结论:直接三维打印 CA 的力和力矩变化是复杂且难以预测的;然而,修改对齐器的设计,如扩大边缘或减少颊舌侧宽度,并使用适当的附着体,可以最大限度地减少不必要的牙齿移动,优化计划的治疗,并提高治疗的可预测性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Korean Journal of Orthodontics
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