Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10124-w
Martin Cheek, Marybel Soto Gomez, Sean W. Graham, Paula J. Rudall
Afrothismia is a genus of non-photosynthetic mycoheterotrophs from the forests of continental tropical Africa. Multiple phylogenetic inferences using molecular data recover the genus as sister to a clade comprising mycoheterotrophic Thismiaceae and the photosynthetic family Taccaceae, contrary to earlier placements of Afrothismia and Thismiaceae within Burmanniaceae. Morphological support for separating Afrothismia from the rest of Thismiaceae has depended on the zygomorphic flowers of Afrothismia (although some species of Thismia are also zygomorphic), and their clusters of root tubers, each with a terminal rootlet. The number of described species of Afrothismia has recently increased from four to 16, with seven more species as yet undescribed; these discoveries have added morphological characters that support its distinction from Thismiaceae. Most notably, the ovary in Afrothismia has a single stalked placenta, and circumscissile fruits from which seeds are exserted by placental elevation (vs in Thismiaceae, three placentas, a deliquescing fruit lid, and seeds not exserted). Afrothismia stamens are inserted in the lower part of the floral tube, where they are attached to the stigma, and individual flowers are subtended by a single large dorsal bract. In contrast, in Thismiaceae, stamens are inserted at the mouth of the tube, free of and distant from the stigma, and each flower is subtended by a loose whorl of (2 –) 3 (– 4) bracts. Here we formally characterise Afrothismiaceae and review what is known of its development, seed germination, interactions with mycorrhizal Glomeromycota, biogeography, phylogeny and pollination biology. All but one (Afrothismia insignis; Vulnerable) of the 13 species assessed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species are either Endangered or Critically Endangered; one species (A. pachyantha) is considered extinct.
{"title":"Afrothismiaceae (Dioscoreales), a new fully mycoheterotrophic family endemic to tropical Africa","authors":"Martin Cheek, Marybel Soto Gomez, Sean W. Graham, Paula J. Rudall","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10124-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10124-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Afrothismia</i> is a genus of non-photosynthetic mycoheterotrophs from the forests of continental tropical Africa. Multiple phylogenetic inferences using molecular data recover the genus as sister to a clade comprising mycoheterotrophic Thismiaceae and the photosynthetic family Taccaceae, contrary to earlier placements of <i>Afrothismia</i> and Thismiaceae within Burmanniaceae. Morphological support for separating <i>Afrothismia</i> from the rest of Thismiaceae has depended on the zygomorphic flowers of <i>Afrothismia</i> (although some species of <i>Thismia</i> are also zygomorphic), and their clusters of root tubers, each with a terminal rootlet. The number of described species of <i>Afrothismia</i> has recently increased from four to 16, with seven more species as yet undescribed; these discoveries have added morphological characters that support its distinction from Thismiaceae. Most notably, the ovary in <i>Afrothismia</i> has a single stalked placenta, and circumscissile fruits from which seeds are exserted by placental elevation (vs in Thismiaceae, three placentas, a deliquescing fruit lid, and seeds not exserted). <i>Afrothismia</i> stamens are inserted in the lower part of the floral tube, where they are attached to the stigma, and individual flowers are subtended by a single large dorsal bract. In contrast, in Thismiaceae, stamens are inserted at the mouth of the tube, free of and distant from the stigma, and each flower is subtended by a loose whorl of (2 –) 3 (– 4) bracts. Here we formally characterise Afrothismiaceae and review what is known of its development, seed germination, interactions with mycorrhizal Glomeromycota, biogeography, phylogeny and pollination biology. All but one (<i>Afrothismia insignis</i>; Vulnerable) of the 13 species assessed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species are either Endangered or Critically Endangered; one species (<i>A. pachyantha</i>) is considered extinct.</p>","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138543661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10144-6
Frédéric Danet
Five new species of Vaccinium from New Guinea are described and illustrated, V. lamii, V. veldkampii, V. argentii, V. superum and V. staufferianum. A detailed diagnosis, morphological comparison to closely related species, ecological data, a preliminary IUCN threat assessment and a distribution map are provided for each new species. Their sectional affiliations in the current subgeneric treatment of Vaccinium are considered and amendments to relevant sections suggested, to accommodate some unusual, for the genus, morphologies.
{"title":"Five new species of Vaccinium (Ericaceae) from New Guinea, including one with a superior ovary","authors":"Frédéric Danet","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10144-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10144-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Five new species of <i>Vaccinium</i> from New Guinea are described and illustrated, <i>V. lamii, V. veldkampii, V. argentii, V. superum</i> and <i>V. staufferianum</i>. A detailed diagnosis, morphological comparison to closely related species, ecological data, a preliminary IUCN threat assessment and a distribution map are provided for each new species. Their sectional affiliations in the current subgeneric treatment of <i>Vaccinium</i> are considered and amendments to relevant sections suggested, to accommodate some unusual, for the genus, morphologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138539445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10144-6
Frédéric Danet
Five new species of Vaccinium from New Guinea are described and illustrated, V. lamii, V. veldkampii, V. argentii, V. superum and V. staufferianum. A detailed diagnosis, morphological comparison to closely related species, ecological data, a preliminary IUCN threat assessment and a distribution map are provided for each new species. Their sectional affiliations in the current subgeneric treatment of Vaccinium are considered and amendments to relevant sections suggested, to accommodate some unusual, for the genus, morphologies.
{"title":"Five new species of Vaccinium (Ericaceae) from New Guinea, including one with a superior ovary","authors":"Frédéric Danet","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10144-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10144-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Five new species of <i>Vaccinium</i> from New Guinea are described and illustrated, <i>V. lamii, V. veldkampii, V. argentii, V. superum</i> and <i>V. staufferianum</i>. A detailed diagnosis, morphological comparison to closely related species, ecological data, a preliminary IUCN threat assessment and a distribution map are provided for each new species. Their sectional affiliations in the current subgeneric treatment of <i>Vaccinium</i> are considered and amendments to relevant sections suggested, to accommodate some unusual, for the genus, morphologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138539488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10141-9
Subhajit Lahiri, Sudhansu Sekhar Dash
{"title":"Lectotypification of three names in the genus Primula L. (Primulaceae)","authors":"Subhajit Lahiri, Sudhansu Sekhar Dash","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10141-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10141-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"34 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10134-8
Thi Kim Thoa Pham, Danh Duc Nguyen, Van Canh Nguyen, Van Du Nguyen, Van Tien Tran
{"title":"Typhonium hangiae (Araceae: Aroideae: Areae), a new species from Central Vietnam with a key to Vietnamese species of the genus","authors":"Thi Kim Thoa Pham, Danh Duc Nguyen, Van Canh Nguyen, Van Du Nguyen, Van Tien Tran","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10134-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10134-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135012342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10142-8
Ashwini M. Darshetkar, Rucha C. Godbole, Altafhusain B. Nadaf, Ritesh Kumar Choudhary, Vitthal T. Barvkar
{"title":"Typification of two names in Nothapodytes (Icacinaceae)","authors":"Ashwini M. Darshetkar, Rucha C. Godbole, Altafhusain B. Nadaf, Ritesh Kumar Choudhary, Vitthal T. Barvkar","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10142-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10142-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10114-y
Daniel A. Zhigila, Ute Schmiedel, A. Muthama Muasya
Summary We test the hypothesis that the Thesium (Santalaceae) collection previously known as Thesium sp. D.A.Zhigila & A.M.Muasya 1006 is new to science. We formally describe and name it T. schmiedeliae . The new species is an erect to suberect shrublet, c. 20 cm tall, glaucous in overall appearance, with stems terete in transverse section, and leaves bracts, and bracteoles succulent. Molecular and morphological data support the placement of T. schmiedeliae in subgenus Frisea section Annulata . The new species is endemic to the Knersvlakte Nature Reserve and occurs in the edaphically unique quartz islands. Thesium schmiedeliae is preliminarily assessed for conservation purposes as Vulnerable as it is threatened by drought, severe fragmentation of its quartz-field habitat, small population size, and a small area of occupancy.
{"title":"Thesium schmiedeliae (Santalaceae), a new species from Knersvlakte quartz fields, South Africa","authors":"Daniel A. Zhigila, Ute Schmiedel, A. Muthama Muasya","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10114-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10114-y","url":null,"abstract":"Summary We test the hypothesis that the Thesium (Santalaceae) collection previously known as Thesium sp. D.A.Zhigila & A.M.Muasya 1006 is new to science. We formally describe and name it T. schmiedeliae . The new species is an erect to suberect shrublet, c. 20 cm tall, glaucous in overall appearance, with stems terete in transverse section, and leaves bracts, and bracteoles succulent. Molecular and morphological data support the placement of T. schmiedeliae in subgenus Frisea section Annulata . The new species is endemic to the Knersvlakte Nature Reserve and occurs in the edaphically unique quartz islands. Thesium schmiedeliae is preliminarily assessed for conservation purposes as Vulnerable as it is threatened by drought, severe fragmentation of its quartz-field habitat, small population size, and a small area of occupancy.","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new species and a new record of Bambusa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from Thailand","authors":"Watchara Arthan, Dieter Ohrnberger, Sarawood Sungkaew, Saranporn Phosi, Atchara Teerawatananon, Arnupap Janloy","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10137-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10137-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10125-9
Danh Duc Nguyen, Che-Wei Lin
{"title":"Begonia locbaosangii (Begoniaceae), a handsome new species from Lang Son Province, North Vietnam","authors":"Danh Duc Nguyen, Che-Wei Lin","doi":"10.1007/s12225-023-10125-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-023-10125-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51321,"journal":{"name":"Kew Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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