Water productivity is a unit of agricultural production for water decrease in the size, of crops, and trees, for livestock and fish can be evaluated. Agriculture water productivity per hectare tons of water or kg consumed kg of water the yield is consumed following) yields on the unit size of the water physical productivity disclosure of crop yields total or net present the yield period will change by value water losses or economic productivity incomplete or excluded water consumption with reference volume ( a bank water ) per unit block. Water productivity ‘ per unit crop production ’ will be used and defined as a water's number. Agricultural production systems with water the idea that productivity is ‘ the same more food with water bodies focusing on manufacturing ’ or with ‘ low water bodies production of the same amount of food does. Initially, irrigation performance of methods irrigation ability to describe or water use capacity was used. In terms of agriculture, ‘ water use capacity ’ will produce a plant as the quantity of organic matter is defined. This is, however, the terms used ‘ water use capacity ’ and ‘ performance ’ will not follow the classical concept of it, this is for input and output uses the same units. Therefore, the international water management company ( iwmi ) ‘ water use capacity ’ to ‘ water productivity ’ until the change of nomenclature is proposed. Analysis purpose, size, and domain step water productivity are many you can define more ways. one unit of water revenue equals one unit of water productivity (wp). More food, more money, a better standard of living, and improved ecosystem services result from increased water productivity. One unit of water revenue equals one unit of water productivity (wp). More food, more money, a better standard of living, and improved ecosystem services result from increased water productivity. It aims to produce contains. Crop, livestock, and water of fisheries in the domains of productivity to improve the size of the basin there is considerable opportunity. This will be used to achieve water harvesting in procedures, sub-watering, lack irrigation, precision techniques for irrigation, and practices for protecting soil and water are included. Soil fertility, pest, and disease management, and improved crop selection getting into markets from improvements like such by the interactive effects obtained water management impacts water directly with productivity related procedures. Benefits of using the Waspas technique weighted sum model (WSM) and weighted product model (WPM). Accuracy of ranking waspas alternatives is increased by integrating wsm and wpm. Wasps are an optimal at this point in the calculation of the additive parameter, which will be discussed in more depth later. The finest solution is the waspas method of analysis, which is outstanding. The long-range solution identifies a better answer than the short distance and negative-best, but a comparison of these distances is not th
{"title":"Agricultural Water Productivity Using Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/bmes/1/2/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/bmes/1/2/4","url":null,"abstract":"Water productivity is a unit of agricultural production for water decrease in the size, of crops, and trees, for livestock and fish can be evaluated. Agriculture water productivity per hectare tons of water or kg consumed kg of water the yield is consumed following) yields on the unit size of the water physical productivity disclosure of crop yields total or net present the yield period will change by value water losses or economic productivity incomplete or excluded water consumption with reference volume ( a bank water ) per unit block. Water productivity ‘ per unit crop production ’ will be used and defined as a water's number. Agricultural production systems with water the idea that productivity is ‘ the same more food with water bodies focusing on manufacturing ’ or with ‘ low water bodies production of the same amount of food does. Initially, irrigation performance of methods irrigation ability to describe or water use capacity was used. In terms of agriculture, ‘ water use capacity ’ will produce a plant as the quantity of organic matter is defined. This is, however, the terms used ‘ water use capacity ’ and ‘ performance ’ will not follow the classical concept of it, this is for input and output uses the same units. Therefore, the international water management company ( iwmi ) ‘ water use capacity ’ to ‘ water productivity ’ until the change of nomenclature is proposed. Analysis purpose, size, and domain step water productivity are many you can define more ways. one unit of water revenue equals one unit of water productivity (wp). More food, more money, a better standard of living, and improved ecosystem services result from increased water productivity. One unit of water revenue equals one unit of water productivity (wp). More food, more money, a better standard of living, and improved ecosystem services result from increased water productivity. It aims to produce contains. Crop, livestock, and water of fisheries in the domains of productivity to improve the size of the basin there is considerable opportunity. This will be used to achieve water harvesting in procedures, sub-watering, lack irrigation, precision techniques for irrigation, and practices for protecting soil and water are included. Soil fertility, pest, and disease management, and improved crop selection getting into markets from improvements like such by the interactive effects obtained water management impacts water directly with productivity related procedures. Benefits of using the Waspas technique weighted sum model (WSM) and weighted product model (WPM). Accuracy of ranking waspas alternatives is increased by integrating wsm and wpm. Wasps are an optimal at this point in the calculation of the additive parameter, which will be discussed in more depth later. The finest solution is the waspas method of analysis, which is outstanding. The long-range solution identifies a better answer than the short distance and negative-best, but a comparison of these distances is not th","PeriodicalId":516580,"journal":{"name":"Building Materials and Engineering Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On the earth, there will likely be over 9 billion people, and food demand will rise by 50%. In addition, a 10% decrease in agricultural productivity may result from climate change. Because arable land is stable, multi-layered farms are a feasible approach to produce additional food from small regions. Utilizing intelligent technologies to boost production in these farms that mimic factories makes sense. Smart farming (SF) is the application of information and communication technology on equipment; it includes sensors and equipment used in agricultural production systems. Internet of things and cloud computing are recent innovations. This, together with the use of robots and artificial intelligence in agriculture, ought to spur growth. Wheat, barley, fruits, vegetables, and fodder are the most widely consumed agricultural goods. Agriculture's socioeconomic viability is weather-dependent. By choosing the right crops, a farmer can increase productivity and do it at a lower cost. based on the cost and natural resources available A multi-criteria decision-making model (MCDM) can be used to sort crop options, promote sustainable agriculture practises, and identify the optimal crop for the situation. When evaluating the quantity of food produced in a season, a vertical farm's indoor hectare can provide the same yield as 30 hectares of land using 70% less water and no pesticides. One of the key factors impacting the evolution of SF among the numerous systems available was demonstrated to be cohesion. Additional limitations include the education, skills, and ability of farmers to understand and operate SF instruments. Businesses were able to research and address these problems because to these limits, and science can help. India's use of basic for sustainable farming methods The model's development is the main focus of the study. Using MCDM methods, the best crop was identified, followed by soybean, apple, rice, corn, and cucumber. Fruits also become a crop with a high yield. Such a method is applicable to other places and can be expanded to include different crops for sustainable agricultural operations. The Ministry of Environment and Agriculture in India expects help from the study to build an acceptable agricultural policy. Soybean is in 1st rank and Rice is last rank.
{"title":"Evaluation of a WSM system for a smart system in agricultural systems","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/bmes/1/2/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/bmes/1/2/3","url":null,"abstract":"On the earth, there will likely be over 9 billion people, and food demand will rise by 50%. In addition, a 10% decrease in agricultural productivity may result from climate change. Because arable land is stable, multi-layered farms are a feasible approach to produce additional food from small regions. Utilizing intelligent technologies to boost production in these farms that mimic factories makes sense. Smart farming (SF) is the application of information and communication technology on equipment; it includes sensors and equipment used in agricultural production systems. Internet of things and cloud computing are recent innovations. This, together with the use of robots and artificial intelligence in agriculture, ought to spur growth. Wheat, barley, fruits, vegetables, and fodder are the most widely consumed agricultural goods. Agriculture's socioeconomic viability is weather-dependent. By choosing the right crops, a farmer can increase productivity and do it at a lower cost. based on the cost and natural resources available A multi-criteria decision-making model (MCDM) can be used to sort crop options, promote sustainable agriculture practises, and identify the optimal crop for the situation. When evaluating the quantity of food produced in a season, a vertical farm's indoor hectare can provide the same yield as 30 hectares of land using 70% less water and no pesticides. One of the key factors impacting the evolution of SF among the numerous systems available was demonstrated to be cohesion. Additional limitations include the education, skills, and ability of farmers to understand and operate SF instruments. Businesses were able to research and address these problems because to these limits, and science can help. India's use of basic for sustainable farming methods The model's development is the main focus of the study. Using MCDM methods, the best crop was identified, followed by soybean, apple, rice, corn, and cucumber. Fruits also become a crop with a high yield. Such a method is applicable to other places and can be expanded to include different crops for sustainable agricultural operations. The Ministry of Environment and Agriculture in India expects help from the study to build an acceptable agricultural policy. Soybean is in 1st rank and Rice is last rank.","PeriodicalId":516580,"journal":{"name":"Building Materials and Engineering Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A fundamental natural resource is water, which is essential to life. The increasing urban isation of India has an impact on the quantity and quality of groundwater. According to the Central Ground Water Board, the groundwater beneath Krishnagiri has been reduced by 60%, and additional investigation may reveal salt water intrusion. Our goal in the current work was to investigate groundwater quality assessment.This investigation's goal was to assess Krishnagiri City's groundwater's level of quality. The quality of groundwater determines whether it is suitable for use in industrial, household, agricultural, and drinking water applications. Evaluation of Groundwater Suitability in the Northern and Eastern Krishnagiri District for Irrigation and Drinking Water. Groundwater samples were taken in the research region. In Tamil Nadu's fluorosis-prone Krishnagiri area, water samples were taken from ten villages. Numerous physico-chemical indicators of water quality, including pH, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl, and fluoride (F), have been measured and compared to typical values (WHO and BIS). Groundwater quality has been evaluated by looking at physicochemical elements such pH, TDS, TH, sulphate, chloride, calcium, and magnesium. A substantial linear association between several water quality metrics is revealed by the investigation. Version 16 of the SPSS statistical analysis programme was utilised for the analysis. The outcomes showed that the groundwater's pollutants were almost at the allowable levels. With a few notable exceptions, the bulk of the criteria used to evaluate the water quality showed levels within the range permitted by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). None of the measurements exceeded the BIS-recommended allowed thresholds for determining the water quality, with the exception of pH at a specific point in Zone 1.
{"title":"Condition of Ground Water Quality in Relation to Pollution in Krishnagiri District Taluk, TamilNadu","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/bmes/1/2/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/bmes/1/2/2","url":null,"abstract":"A fundamental natural resource is water, which is essential to life. The increasing urban isation of India has an impact on the quantity and quality of groundwater. According to the Central Ground Water Board, the groundwater beneath Krishnagiri has been reduced by 60%, and additional investigation may reveal salt water intrusion. Our goal in the current work was to investigate groundwater quality assessment.This investigation's goal was to assess Krishnagiri City's groundwater's level of quality. The quality of groundwater determines whether it is suitable for use in industrial, household, agricultural, and drinking water applications. Evaluation of Groundwater Suitability in the Northern and Eastern Krishnagiri District for Irrigation and Drinking Water. Groundwater samples were taken in the research region. In Tamil Nadu's fluorosis-prone Krishnagiri area, water samples were taken from ten villages. Numerous physico-chemical indicators of water quality, including pH, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl, and fluoride (F), have been measured and compared to typical values (WHO and BIS). Groundwater quality has been evaluated by looking at physicochemical elements such pH, TDS, TH, sulphate, chloride, calcium, and magnesium. A substantial linear association between several water quality metrics is revealed by the investigation. Version 16 of the SPSS statistical analysis programme was utilised for the analysis. The outcomes showed that the groundwater's pollutants were almost at the allowable levels. With a few notable exceptions, the bulk of the criteria used to evaluate the water quality showed levels within the range permitted by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). None of the measurements exceeded the BIS-recommended allowed thresholds for determining the water quality, with the exception of pH at a specific point in Zone 1.","PeriodicalId":516580,"journal":{"name":"Building Materials and Engineering Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transportation System, Introduction: Every movement has a goal, a starting point, possibly a number of intermediate places, and a final location. Transport systems, which are made up of infrastructure, modes, and terminals, support and propel mobility. They allow for interaction and the pursuit of economic, social, social, or political endeavors by individuals, organizations, corporations, regions, and nations. The main goal of this textbook is to help readers understand how geography of transportation and mobility are related. With a wide-ranging overview of the field's concepts, procedures, and areas of application, The Geographic location of Transport Systems provides a thorough and approachable introduction. Research significance: There are twelve chapters in the textbook. A particular conceptual aspect of transport topography, such as routes, modes, destinations, and urban transportation, is covered in each of the first ten chapters. Emerging issues like globalization, management of supply chains, computing infrastructure, energy, and also the environment are thoroughly covered in advisement to these traditional subjects. Methodology: Popular Multiple Dimension Analysis (MCDA) and Inter Decision Making (MCDM) techniques include the Weighted Product Model (WPM). The primary distinction is that multiplication has replaced addition as the fundamental mathematical operation. The objective of this research is to suggest a CS evaluation method from the perspective of the customer for the development of personalized products. Alternative: Roadside Assistance, Routing/location Assistance, Convenience services, and Remote Vehicle Diagnosis. Evaluation Option: Extremely satisfied, satisfied, somewhat satisfied, Not Very satisfied, not at all satisfied Result: “from the result it is seen that not at all satisfied and is got the first rank whereas is the Not Very satisfied got is having the lowest rank”. Conclusion: “The value of the dataset for Nutritional Facts in Weighted product method shows that it results in not at all satisfied and top ranking”.
{"title":"A survey on Transportation System Using the WPM method","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/bmes/1/2/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/bmes/1/2/5","url":null,"abstract":"Transportation System, Introduction: Every movement has a goal, a starting point, possibly a number of intermediate places, and a final location. Transport systems, which are made up of infrastructure, modes, and terminals, support and propel mobility. They allow for interaction and the pursuit of economic, social, social, or political endeavors by individuals, organizations, corporations, regions, and nations. The main goal of this textbook is to help readers understand how geography of transportation and mobility are related. With a wide-ranging overview of the field's concepts, procedures, and areas of application, The Geographic location of Transport Systems provides a thorough and approachable introduction. Research significance: There are twelve chapters in the textbook. A particular conceptual aspect of transport topography, such as routes, modes, destinations, and urban transportation, is covered in each of the first ten chapters. Emerging issues like globalization, management of supply chains, computing infrastructure, energy, and also the environment are thoroughly covered in advisement to these traditional subjects. Methodology: Popular Multiple Dimension Analysis (MCDA) and Inter Decision Making (MCDM) techniques include the Weighted Product Model (WPM). The primary distinction is that multiplication has replaced addition as the fundamental mathematical operation. The objective of this research is to suggest a CS evaluation method from the perspective of the customer for the development of personalized products. Alternative: Roadside Assistance, Routing/location Assistance, Convenience services, and Remote Vehicle Diagnosis. Evaluation Option: Extremely satisfied, satisfied, somewhat satisfied, Not Very satisfied, not at all satisfied Result: “from the result it is seen that not at all satisfied and is got the first rank whereas is the Not Very satisfied got is having the lowest rank”. Conclusion: “The value of the dataset for Nutritional Facts in Weighted product method shows that it results in not at all satisfied and top ranking”.","PeriodicalId":516580,"journal":{"name":"Building Materials and Engineering Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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