Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0535
E. Commiesie, D. Stijnberg, J. van den Boogaard, F. Gopie, S. Vreden, G. de Vries
BACKGROUND: The WHO has recently published updated guidance for national strategic planning for TB. To address the TB epidemic comprehensively, it is necessary to conduct an epidemiological review as part of the situation analysis in the national strategic plan.METHODS: A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted using data from the national TB register for the period of 2010‐2020. Simple frequencies were calculated for demographic and clinical variables. Trends in TB notification rates for the period 2010‐2020 were also calculated.RESULTS: TB notification rates between 2011 (24.3/100,000) and 2019 (23.9/100,000) remained almost the same. The HIV status was known for 97.1% of TB cases, 22.7% of whom had HIV co-infection; 10.9% of patients with detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis were also resistant to rifampicin. Case fatality rate for all cases was 13.0%. Of the identified contacts, 66% were screened; 28.3‐47.5% of those with TB infection started treatment, 63.3‐75.9% of whom completed treatment.CONCLUSION: The review identified the following areas of concern: no decline in TB rates, high proportion of TB-HIV co-infection, high rate of resistance to rifampicin, high casefatality rates and suboptimal contact investigation care cascade. The review was used to inform interventions and key actions to reduce TB morbidity and mortality in Suriname.
{"title":"Key drivers of the TB epidemic in Suriname and priority actions to reduce incidence and mortality","authors":"E. Commiesie, D. Stijnberg, J. van den Boogaard, F. Gopie, S. Vreden, G. de Vries","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0535","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The WHO has recently published updated guidance for national strategic planning for TB. To address the TB epidemic comprehensively, it is necessary to conduct an epidemiological review as part of the situation analysis in the national strategic plan.METHODS: A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted using data from the national TB register for the period of 2010‐2020. Simple frequencies were calculated for demographic and clinical variables. Trends in TB notification rates for the period 2010‐2020 were also calculated.RESULTS: TB notification rates between 2011 (24.3/100,000) and 2019 (23.9/100,000) remained almost the same. The HIV status was known for 97.1% of TB cases, 22.7% of whom had HIV co-infection; 10.9% of patients with detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis were also resistant to rifampicin. Case fatality rate for all cases was 13.0%. Of the identified contacts, 66% were screened; 28.3‐47.5% of those with TB infection started treatment, 63.3‐75.9% of whom completed treatment.CONCLUSION: The review identified the following areas of concern: no decline in TB rates, high proportion of TB-HIV co-infection, high rate of resistance to rifampicin, high casefatality rates and suboptimal contact investigation care cascade. The review was used to inform interventions and key actions to reduce TB morbidity and mortality in Suriname.","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140515792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0529
S. Verkuijl, M. Bastard, A. Brands, K. Viney, T. Masini, F. Mavhunga, K. Floyd, T. Kasaeva
{"title":"Global reporting on TB in children and adolescents: how far have we come and what remains to be done?","authors":"S. Verkuijl, M. Bastard, A. Brands, K. Viney, T. Masini, F. Mavhunga, K. Floyd, T. Kasaeva","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0529","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0598
H.D. Blackbourn, G. B. Migliori
{"title":"Launch of IJTLD OPEN: a new home for open access papers on respiratory disease","authors":"H.D. Blackbourn, G. B. Migliori","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0598","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0545
D. Nair, P. Thekkur, I. Mbithi, M. Khogali, R. Zachariah, S. Dar Berger, S. Satyanarayana, A.M.V. Kumar, I. Kathure, J. Mwangi, A. Bochner, A. McClelland, J. M. Chakaya, A. Harries
BACKGROUND: The study assessed whether a “7-1-7” timeliness metric for screening and TB preventive therapy (TPT) could be implemented for household contacts (HHCs) of index patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB under routine programmatic settings in Kenya.METHODS: A longitudinal cohort study conducted among index patients and their HHCs in 12 health facilities, Kiambu County, Kenya.RESULTS: Between January and June 2023, 95% of 508 index patients had their HHCs line-listed within 7 days of initiating anti-TB treatment (“First 7”). In 68% of 1,115 HHCs, screening outcomes were ascertained within 1 day of line-listing (“Next 1”). In 65% of 1,105 HHCs eligible for further evaluation, anti-TB treatment, TPT or a decision for no drugs was made within 7 days of screening (“Second 7”). Altogether, 62% of screened HHCs started TPT during the “7-1-7” period compared with 58% in a historical cohort. Main barriers to TPT uptake were HHCs not consulting clinicians, HHCs being unwilling to initiate TPT and drug shortages. Healthcare workers felt that a timeliness metric was valuable for streamlining HHC management and proposed “3-5-7” as a workable alternative.CONCLUSIONS: The national TB programme must generate awareness about TPT, ensure uninterrupted drug supplies and assess whether the “3-5-7” metric can be operationalised.
{"title":"Timeliness metrics for screening and preventing TB in household contacts of pulmonary TB patients in Kenya","authors":"D. Nair, P. Thekkur, I. Mbithi, M. Khogali, R. Zachariah, S. Dar Berger, S. Satyanarayana, A.M.V. Kumar, I. Kathure, J. Mwangi, A. Bochner, A. McClelland, J. M. Chakaya, A. Harries","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0545","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The study assessed whether a “7-1-7” timeliness metric for screening and TB preventive therapy (TPT) could be implemented for household contacts (HHCs) of index patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB under routine programmatic settings in Kenya.METHODS:\u0000 A longitudinal cohort study conducted among index patients and their HHCs in 12 health facilities, Kiambu County, Kenya.RESULTS: Between January and June 2023, 95% of 508 index patients had their HHCs line-listed within 7 days of initiating anti-TB treatment (“First 7”).\u0000 In 68% of 1,115 HHCs, screening outcomes were ascertained within 1 day of line-listing (“Next 1”). In 65% of 1,105 HHCs eligible for further evaluation, anti-TB treatment, TPT or a decision for no drugs was made within 7 days of screening (“Second 7”). Altogether, 62%\u0000 of screened HHCs started TPT during the “7-1-7” period compared with 58% in a historical cohort. Main barriers to TPT uptake were HHCs not consulting clinicians, HHCs being unwilling to initiate TPT and drug shortages. Healthcare workers felt that a timeliness metric was\u0000 valuable for streamlining HHC management and proposed “3-5-7” as a workable alternative.CONCLUSIONS: The national TB programme must generate awareness about TPT, ensure uninterrupted drug supplies and assess whether the “3-5-7” metric can be operationalised.","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0470
M. van den Boom, K. Bennani, G. B. Migliori, L. D'Ambrosio, R. Centis, A. Parvez Sayed, H.Y. Atta, Y. Hutin
BACKGROUND: In 2022, 11 of 22 Member States of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) had an estimated TB incidence of <20 cases per 100,000 population. We assessed preparedness for elimination and provided recommendations to pursue the process.METHODS: We surveyed 11 EMR national TB programme managers and collected information on eight TB elimination framework domains using a close-ended data collection tool. We compiled, consolidated and validated data, including a virtual consultation before triangulating data with other sources.RESULTS: Implementation was sufficient (≥74%) for 5 of 8 domains, highest for TB infection management, TB preventive treatment, laboratory service, drug management, drug-resistant TB and TB-HIV collaboration (89%, 83% and 78%, respectively). Countries ranked lowest for commitment (73%), operational research and infection control (63%), and partnership/collaborations (41%). Five countries reached >80% when consolidating the responses, reaching sufficient from all domains. Two reached <50%.CONCLUSION: Key identified obstacles to TB elimination in EMR were insufficient commitment/financing, suboptimal partnerships/collaborations and operational research calling for 1) all-stakeholder-inclusive, sustainably funded TB elimination plans, 2) cost-effective tools to exchange strategic information and build operational research capacity, and 3) improved collaboration.
{"title":"Commitment, partnerships and operational research: three priorities for 11 EMR countries to achieve TB elimination","authors":"M. van den Boom, K. Bennani, G. B. Migliori, L. D'Ambrosio, R. Centis, A. Parvez Sayed, H.Y. Atta, Y. Hutin","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0470","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: In 2022, 11 of 22 Member States of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) had an estimated TB incidence of <20 cases per 100,000 population. We assessed preparedness for elimination and provided recommendations to pursue the process.METHODS: We surveyed 11 EMR\u0000 national TB programme managers and collected information on eight TB elimination framework domains using a close-ended data collection tool. We compiled, consolidated and validated data, including a virtual consultation before triangulating data with other sources.RESULTS: Implementation\u0000 was sufficient (≥74%) for 5 of 8 domains, highest for TB infection management, TB preventive treatment, laboratory service, drug management, drug-resistant TB and TB-HIV collaboration (89%, 83% and 78%, respectively). Countries ranked lowest for commitment (73%),\u0000 operational research and infection control (63%), and partnership/collaborations (41%). Five countries reached >80% when consolidating the responses, reaching sufficient from all domains. Two reached <50%.CONCLUSION: Key identified obstacles to TB elimination\u0000 in EMR were insufficient commitment/financing, suboptimal partnerships/collaborations and operational research calling for 1) all-stakeholder-inclusive, sustainably funded TB elimination plans, 2) cost-effective tools to exchange strategic information and build operational research capacity,\u0000 and 3) improved collaboration.","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140523652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0406
P. Confalonieri, S. Maiocchi, F. Salton, B. Ruaro, C. Rizzardi, M.C. Volpe, D. Licastro, L. Braga, M. Confalonieri
{"title":"Successful treatment of life-threatening mycobacteriosis using adjunctive gamma-interferon therapy with genetic analysis","authors":"P. Confalonieri, S. Maiocchi, F. Salton, B. Ruaro, C. Rizzardi, M.C. Volpe, D. Licastro, L. Braga, M. Confalonieri","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0053
C. Bekker, I. Dewandel, A. Redfern, C. Mckenzie, J. Lishman, L.M. Verhagen, M. Claassen, S. Wilson, R. Dunbar, C. Bosch, G. V. Van Zyl, W. Preiser, P. Goussard, H. Rabie, M. M. van der Zalm
INTRODUCTION: Children with underlying comorbidities and infants are most severely affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, including in low- and middle-income countries with a high prevalence of HIV and TB. We describe the clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children during the Omicron wave, in Cape Town, South Africa.METHODS: We analysed routine care data from a prospective cohort of children aged 0‐13 years, with a positive SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) or SARS-CoV-2 antigen test, admitted to Tygerberg Hospital between 1 November 2021 until 1 March 2022. Risk factors for severity of disease were assessed.RESULTS: Ninety-five children tested positive for SARSCoV-2, of whom 87 (91.6%) were symptomatic. Clinical data were available for 86 children. The median age was 11 months (IQR 3.0‐60.0), 37 (43.0%) were females, 21 (24.7%) were HIV-exposed and 7 (8.1%) were living with HIV (CLHIV). In total, 44 (51.2%) children had at least one underlying comorbidity. TB co-infection was seen in 11 children, 6 children were newly diagnosed and 5 children were already on TB treatment at the time of admission.CONCLUSION: There was no evidence of more severe disease in children living with HIV or TB.
{"title":"Clinical spectrum of disease and outcomes in children with Omicron SARS-COV-2 infection in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"C. Bekker, I. Dewandel, A. Redfern, C. Mckenzie, J. Lishman, L.M. Verhagen, M. Claassen, S. Wilson, R. Dunbar, C. Bosch, G. V. Van Zyl, W. Preiser, P. Goussard, H. Rabie, M. M. van der Zalm","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.23.0053","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Children with underlying comorbidities and infants are most severely affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, including in low- and middle-income countries with a high prevalence of HIV and TB. We describe the clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children during the Omicron wave, in Cape Town, South Africa.METHODS: We analysed routine care data from a prospective cohort of children aged 0‐13 years, with a positive SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) or SARS-CoV-2 antigen test, admitted to Tygerberg Hospital between 1 November 2021 until 1 March 2022. Risk factors for severity of disease were assessed.RESULTS: Ninety-five children tested positive for SARSCoV-2, of whom 87 (91.6%) were symptomatic. Clinical data were available for 86 children. The median age was 11 months (IQR 3.0‐60.0), 37 (43.0%) were females, 21 (24.7%) were HIV-exposed and 7 (8.1%) were living with HIV (CLHIV). In total, 44 (51.2%) children had at least one underlying comorbidity. TB co-infection was seen in 11 children, 6 children were newly diagnosed and 5 children were already on TB treatment at the time of admission.CONCLUSION: There was no evidence of more severe disease in children living with HIV or TB.","PeriodicalId":516613,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD OPEN","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140522257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：