Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.67
Armagan Aral, M. Usta, Ayse Erguner Aral
This 8-week longitudinal study examined predictors of response to simple behavioral intervention in primary enuresis nocturna (PEN). A total of 154 children, aged 8-18 years, diagnosed with PEN were evaluated. The results indicated that lack of constipation, milder enuresis severity, and higher bladder capacity are the primary predictors of good treatment response, and lower family dysfunction is the most robust familial predictor. Lack of constipation is the main predictor with unique variance in multiple regression. Specialists should be aware of conditions that hinder the success of simple behavioral intervention before implementing costly treatments. In treatment-refractory cases, it is important to examine each child for constipation. Family-centered approaches can be helpful if used in parallel with behavioral treatments.
{"title":"Factors associated with response to simple behavioral intervention in primary enuresis nocturna.","authors":"Armagan Aral, M. Usta, Ayse Erguner Aral","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.67","url":null,"abstract":"This 8-week longitudinal study examined predictors of response to simple behavioral intervention in primary enuresis nocturna (PEN). A total of 154 children, aged 8-18 years, diagnosed with PEN were evaluated. The results indicated that lack of constipation, milder enuresis severity, and higher bladder capacity are the primary predictors of good treatment response, and lower family dysfunction is the most robust familial predictor. Lack of constipation is the main predictor with unique variance in multiple regression. Specialists should be aware of conditions that hinder the success of simple behavioral intervention before implementing costly treatments. In treatment-refractory cases, it is important to examine each child for constipation. Family-centered approaches can be helpful if used in parallel with behavioral treatments.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 1 1","pages":"67-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45432339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.1
Xurong Lu, Tour Liu, Xiaorui Liu, Haibo Yang, J. Elhai
Recently, nomophobia (separation anxiety from mobile phone) has become a common phenomenon. The authors' main purpose was to explore latent classes of solitude behaviors and how they are related to nomophobia. Chinese versions of the Nomophobia Scale and the Solitude Behaviour Scale were used in a sample of college students (351 female and 327 male). Latent class analysis, analysis of variance, and regression analysis were employed to classify solitude behaviors and explore the relationship between solitude and nomophobia. A six-class model best fit the data (BIC = 60086.49). Significant differences among the classes were found on nomophobia. Loneliness, social avoidance, and eccentricity significantly predicted nomophobia. Solitude behaviors of college students can be divided into six latent classes. The classes with a high response preference for solitude scored higher on nomophobia, especially the fear of losing an Internet connection. Not self-determined solitude and negative-solitude had a positive effect on nomophobia.
{"title":"Nomophobia and relationships with latent classes of solitude.","authors":"Xurong Lu, Tour Liu, Xiaorui Liu, Haibo Yang, J. Elhai","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, nomophobia (separation anxiety from mobile phone) has become a common phenomenon. The authors' main purpose was to explore latent classes of solitude behaviors and how they are related to nomophobia. Chinese versions of the Nomophobia Scale and the Solitude Behaviour Scale were used in a sample of college students (351 female and 327 male). Latent class analysis, analysis of variance, and regression analysis were employed to classify solitude behaviors and explore the relationship between solitude and nomophobia. A six-class model best fit the data (BIC = 60086.49). Significant differences among the classes were found on nomophobia. Loneliness, social avoidance, and eccentricity significantly predicted nomophobia. Solitude behaviors of college students can be divided into six latent classes. The classes with a high response preference for solitude scored higher on nomophobia, especially the fear of losing an Internet connection. Not self-determined solitude and negative-solitude had a positive effect on nomophobia.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 1 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45746444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.34
R. Robitz, Jacqueline Tasarz, Ron Chambers
People who have been trafficked often have complex medical and psychiatric needs. Integrated care is a treatment approach that may be used to improve the care of this population. The authors describe the integrated care model and how it may be applied to this population. They also describe some of the benefits and challenges of using an integrated care model with this population.
{"title":"An integrated approach to providing care for people who have been trafficked.","authors":"R. Robitz, Jacqueline Tasarz, Ron Chambers","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.34","url":null,"abstract":"People who have been trafficked often have complex medical and psychiatric needs. Integrated care is a treatment approach that may be used to improve the care of this population. The authors describe the integrated care model and how it may be applied to this population. They also describe some of the benefits and challenges of using an integrated care model with this population.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 Supplement A 1","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43369432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.35
Amanda D. Palo, Johann M. D’Souza
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to challenges in providing cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite the presence of the pandemic and the risk of contracting illness, therapists can continue to utilize exposure with response prevention (ERP), which is the gold standard psychotherapy treatment for OCD. Therapists can ethically implement ERP by focusing on core treatment tenets while incorporating guidelines recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to mitigate risk for COVID-19 exposure. The pandemic has also provided an opportunity to more widely implement ERP through virtual telehealth appointments, which have notable benefits as well as some drawbacks.
{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 on the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Amanda D. Palo, Johann M. D’Souza","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has led to challenges in providing cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite the presence of the pandemic and the risk of contracting illness, therapists can continue to utilize exposure with response prevention (ERP), which is the gold standard psychotherapy treatment for OCD. Therapists can ethically implement ERP by focusing on core treatment tenets while incorporating guidelines recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to mitigate risk for COVID-19 exposure. The pandemic has also provided an opportunity to more widely implement ERP through virtual telehealth appointments, which have notable benefits as well as some drawbacks.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 1 1","pages":"35-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45609659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.20
Jedidiah Siev, Maya Darst-Campbell, Ivy C Rouder, V. Schlaudt
Grit is associated with positive outcomes in nonclinical samples. However, no studies have examined grit in relation to psychopathology in patients with clinical mood or anxiety disorders. Research and clinical experience suggest that individuals who hoard struggle with characteristics associated with grit, such as task persistence, impulsivity, and self-control. The authors tested the hypothesis that hoarding symptoms are associated with less grit in a sample of individuals (N = 72) presenting for treatment to an anxiety disorders clinic. After covarying symptoms of the four mood and anxiety disorders most commonly comorbid with hoarding disorder (viz. depression, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder), the authors found that hoarding symptoms were associated with less grit, and the effects were medium-to-large. These results indicate that grit is worthy of investigation in individuals with hoarding disorder using methodologies that permit inferences about causality, and with attention to clinical implications for prevention or treatment.
{"title":"Grit predicts less severe hoarding symptoms among patients seeking treatment at an anxiety disorders clinic.","authors":"Jedidiah Siev, Maya Darst-Campbell, Ivy C Rouder, V. Schlaudt","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"Grit is associated with positive outcomes in nonclinical samples. However, no studies have examined grit in relation to psychopathology in patients with clinical mood or anxiety disorders. Research and clinical experience suggest that individuals who hoard struggle with characteristics associated with grit, such as task persistence, impulsivity, and self-control. The authors tested the hypothesis that hoarding symptoms are associated with less grit in a sample of individuals (N = 72) presenting for treatment to an anxiety disorders clinic. After covarying symptoms of the four mood and anxiety disorders most commonly comorbid with hoarding disorder (viz. depression, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder), the authors found that hoarding symptoms were associated with less grit, and the effects were medium-to-large. These results indicate that grit is worthy of investigation in individuals with hoarding disorder using methodologies that permit inferences about causality, and with attention to clinical implications for prevention or treatment.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 1 1","pages":"20-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49077174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.48
A. Ebrahimi, Mojtaba Elhami Athar, Mehdi Bakhshizadeh, F. Lavasani, H. Andershed
Studies on the psychopathy construct are mostly limited to Western cultures, and there is a lack of research in this area in non-Western countries, specifically in Iran. The present study aimed to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian version of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI-S) with a sample of 668 school-attending adolescents in Iran (46% girls; Mage = 16.35). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed three-factor model. While the internal consistency of some YPI-S scores was unsatisfactory, the YPI-S scores showed the expected relations with external correlates (e.g., aggression, hyperactivity), supporting the validity of YPI-S scores. The authors' results supported the YPI-S for assessing psychopathic traits in Iranian adolescents. The modification of the YPI-S factor structure, the low factor loadings of some YPI-S items, and the inadequate internal consistency of some YPI-S dimensions indicate cultural influences on the assessment of cross-cultural traits.
{"title":"The Persian version of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI-S): A psychometric evaluation.","authors":"A. Ebrahimi, Mojtaba Elhami Athar, Mehdi Bakhshizadeh, F. Lavasani, H. Andershed","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the psychopathy construct are mostly limited to Western cultures, and there is a lack of research in this area in non-Western countries, specifically in Iran. The present study aimed to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian version of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI-S) with a sample of 668 school-attending adolescents in Iran (46% girls; Mage = 16.35). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed three-factor model. While the internal consistency of some YPI-S scores was unsatisfactory, the YPI-S scores showed the expected relations with external correlates (e.g., aggression, hyperactivity), supporting the validity of YPI-S scores. The authors' results supported the YPI-S for assessing psychopathic traits in Iranian adolescents. The modification of the YPI-S factor structure, the low factor loadings of some YPI-S items, and the inadequate internal consistency of some YPI-S dimensions indicate cultural influences on the assessment of cross-cultural traits.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 1 1","pages":"48-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44164715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.44
A. Lanehurst, Mollie R. Gordon, J. Coverdale, C. White, Phuong Nguyen
Trauma-informed care (TIC) as practiced within anti-human trafficking work is still in its early stages, and there is a significant need for specific guidelines concerning how to apply TIC principles along various phases of behavioral health care. Thus, the goals of this article are to (1) provide an overview of the framework of TIC; (2) identify and summarize the literature that specifically highlights the clinical application of TIC principles; and (3) contribute to the existing literature by providing some examples of integrating TIC principles into patient-clinician interactions with trafficked patients. The authors' hope is that mental health providers will reference the provided script examples to help improve patient-provider interactions and to develop better rapport and trust between providers and trafficked persons.
{"title":"Integrating trauma-informed care into clinical practice with trafficked persons.","authors":"A. Lanehurst, Mollie R. Gordon, J. Coverdale, C. White, Phuong Nguyen","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.44","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma-informed care (TIC) as practiced within anti-human trafficking work is still in its early stages, and there is a significant need for specific guidelines concerning how to apply TIC principles along various phases of behavioral health care. Thus, the goals of this article are to (1) provide an overview of the framework of TIC; (2) identify and summarize the literature that specifically highlights the clinical application of TIC principles; and (3) contribute to the existing literature by providing some examples of integrating TIC principles into patient-clinician interactions with trafficked patients. The authors' hope is that mental health providers will reference the provided script examples to help improve patient-provider interactions and to develop better rapport and trust between providers and trafficked persons.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 Supplement A 1","pages":"44-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.1
Phuong Nguyen, John Coverdale, Mollie R. Gordon
{"title":"Addressing the scourge of human trafficking: Developing services and advocacy.","authors":"Phuong Nguyen, John Coverdale, Mollie R. Gordon","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 Supplement A 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48645247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.8
Katherine Robichaux, Melissa I. M. Torres
The convergence of multiple social determinants is thought to increase an individual's vulnerability to exploitation by forcing reliance on precarious opportunities and dependence on potentially harmful individuals and groups. Determining which individual, interpersonal, and systemic factors contribute to an individual's vulnerabilities can be key to preventing the person from experiencing human trafficking. In this article, the authors closely examine the social determinants of health to better understand how they can contribute to a person becoming trafficked. The authors also highlight an integrated public health care approach to addressing human trafficking based on understanding the impact of social determinants on vulnerable populations, establishing therapeutic relationships with patients who have experienced trafficking, and the use of interdisciplinary teams to address patient vulnerabilities. The authors contend that human trafficking is a violation of one's right to health and should be viewed as such when developing programs, rendering services, and treating this patient population.
{"title":"The role of social determinants in caring for trafficked patients: A public health perspective on human trafficking.","authors":"Katherine Robichaux, Melissa I. M. Torres","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.suppA.8","url":null,"abstract":"The convergence of multiple social determinants is thought to increase an individual's vulnerability to exploitation by forcing reliance on precarious opportunities and dependence on potentially harmful individuals and groups. Determining which individual, interpersonal, and systemic factors contribute to an individual's vulnerabilities can be key to preventing the person from experiencing human trafficking. In this article, the authors closely examine the social determinants of health to better understand how they can contribute to a person becoming trafficked. The authors also highlight an integrated public health care approach to addressing human trafficking based on understanding the impact of social determinants on vulnerable populations, establishing therapeutic relationships with patients who have experienced trafficking, and the use of interdisciplinary teams to address patient vulnerabilities. The authors contend that human trafficking is a violation of one's right to health and should be viewed as such when developing programs, rendering services, and treating this patient population.","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 Supplement A 1","pages":"8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44599026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.3.204
Ali Ebrahimi, Mojtaba Elhami Athar, Ahmad Ashouri, Sirvan Karimi
Studies suggest that autistic traits are widespread among the general population and, in this regard, the short form of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the AQ-28, was developed to measure autistic traits. The present study examines the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian version of the AQ-28 with 691 Iranian university students (Mage = 28.67, SD = 8.57, 57.3% women) who were recruited online and completed the AQ-28 and Symptom Checklist (SCL-25) measures. Confirmatory factor analysis results yielded a four-factor model, which was internally consistent and demonstrated hypothesized correlations with the external correlates of interest (e.g., anxiety, depression, and phobia). Results support the Persian version of the AQ with 19 items (AQ-19) as a measure with sound psychometrics to be used in studies with Iranian university students.
{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ-19) with Iranian university students.","authors":"Ali Ebrahimi, Mojtaba Elhami Athar, Ahmad Ashouri, Sirvan Karimi","doi":"10.1521/bumc.2022.86.3.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2022.86.3.204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies suggest that autistic traits are widespread among the general population and, in this regard, the short form of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the AQ-28, was developed to measure autistic traits. The present study examines the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian version of the AQ-28 with 691 Iranian university students (M<sub>age</sub> = 28.67, SD = 8.57, 57.3% women) who were recruited online and completed the AQ-28 and Symptom Checklist (SCL-25) measures. Confirmatory factor analysis results yielded a four-factor model, which was internally consistent and demonstrated hypothesized correlations with the external correlates of interest (e.g., anxiety, depression, and phobia). Results support the Persian version of the AQ with 19 items (AQ-19) as a measure with sound psychometrics to be used in studies with Iranian university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":51683,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic","volume":"86 3","pages":"204-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40336208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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