Premised on the intrinsic relationship between climate, architecture, and space, this study conducts a comprehensive review of existing research on the interface of architectural space and climate adaptation. In this paper, the principle and mechanism of climate adaptation-space interface are established by examining typical building cases in regions characterized by hot summers and warm winters, while factoring in the limitations of previous studies. Finally, employing CFD simulation technology as the primary research methods, this study innovatively proposes three key combination modes for the ‘climate adaptation-space interface.’ Moreover, it obtains the design strategies that can optimize ventilation, shading, and lighting effects simultaneously within these three modes. These design strategies include the following: (1) ‘Component Concave-Convex’ - integrating a single-layer horizontal component with concave-convex window openings; (2) ‘Window-Cavity’ - combining windows with a permeability of 60% and cavities; (3) ‘Components-Windows’ - incorporating folding components with windows.
{"title":"Spatial interface of buildings in hot-summer and warm-winter regions based on climate adaptation","authors":"Ni Yang, Wei Yuan, Fang Zhou, Xiaoyang Zhang","doi":"10.1680/jensu.23.00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.23.00058","url":null,"abstract":"Premised on the intrinsic relationship between climate, architecture, and space, this study conducts a comprehensive review of existing research on the interface of architectural space and climate adaptation. In this paper, the principle and mechanism of climate adaptation-space interface are established by examining typical building cases in regions characterized by hot summers and warm winters, while factoring in the limitations of previous studies. Finally, employing CFD simulation technology as the primary research methods, this study innovatively proposes three key combination modes for the ‘climate adaptation-space interface.’ Moreover, it obtains the design strategies that can optimize ventilation, shading, and lighting effects simultaneously within these three modes. These design strategies include the following: (1) ‘Component Concave-Convex’ - integrating a single-layer horizontal component with concave-convex window openings; (2) ‘Window-Cavity’ - combining windows with a permeability of 60% and cavities; (3) ‘Components-Windows’ - incorporating folding components with windows.","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141655537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Change management is an essential component of Engineering-Procurement-Construction (EPC) project, which is the process of gathering data on change orders, examining the information in change reports, revising related drawings, and updating cost data resulting from changes. Nevertheless, the current information system for change management is primarily centralized, relying on external parties, opaque in its information, lacking trustworthiness, and prone to data loss. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a blockchain-based information management system for managing change information in EPC general contracting projects. Blockchain is used to automate the review processes for changes, ensuring transparency, decentralization, and resistance to tampering. This proposed framework addresses the security, transparency, tamper-resistance, and reliability shortcomings of conventional methods by harnessing the inherent advantages of blockchain, smart contracts, decentralized IPFS storage, and building information model (BIM) integration. Subsequently, utilizing the Hyperledger Fabric platform, an information management system was developed to store and manage data about modifications. The proposed system was validated using actual change data from EPC general contracting projects, which demonstrated the efficacy of blockchain technology in ensuring the security and authenticity of change data. This advancement enhances the security of change data and augments the efficiency of change management practices in EPC projects.
{"title":"Blockchain-based information framework for change management in EPC general contracting projects","authors":"Xinying Cao, Xingmei Xia, Mingzhu Wang","doi":"10.1680/jensu.24.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.24.00031","url":null,"abstract":"Change management is an essential component of Engineering-Procurement-Construction (EPC) project, which is the process of gathering data on change orders, examining the information in change reports, revising related drawings, and updating cost data resulting from changes. Nevertheless, the current information system for change management is primarily centralized, relying on external parties, opaque in its information, lacking trustworthiness, and prone to data loss. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a blockchain-based information management system for managing change information in EPC general contracting projects. Blockchain is used to automate the review processes for changes, ensuring transparency, decentralization, and resistance to tampering. This proposed framework addresses the security, transparency, tamper-resistance, and reliability shortcomings of conventional methods by harnessing the inherent advantages of blockchain, smart contracts, decentralized IPFS storage, and building information model (BIM) integration. Subsequently, utilizing the Hyperledger Fabric platform, an information management system was developed to store and manage data about modifications. The proposed system was validated using actual change data from EPC general contracting projects, which demonstrated the efficacy of blockchain technology in ensuring the security and authenticity of change data. This advancement enhances the security of change data and augments the efficiency of change management practices in EPC projects.","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction industry is trying to become more eco-friendly and minimise environmental impact. One way to achieve this is by using innovative building materials. Traditional clay bricks are not eco-friendly due to the depletion of resources, emissions, and waste generated during production. In this study, a new alternative called the Novel Organic Brick (NOB) was produced and evaluated, which was made from recycled construction and demolition sand and red clay as partial replacements for traditional virgin clay. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to compare the environmental impact of NOBs to that of Kiln Fired Bricks (KFBs). The inventory flows from material sourcing to brick shaping were modelled in SimaPro 8.1 and characterised into impact indicators using the ReCiPe 2016 method. The LCA showed that NOBs can reduce the impact of climate change by 39-56% compared to KFBs, depending on the type and source of recycled sand. This study encourages the construction industry to adopt alternative solutions for greater sustainability by demonstrating the viability of incorporating secondary materials and quantifying environmental performance improvements in India.
{"title":"Developing a low carbon brick for residential building construction","authors":"Tata Sravani, Prasanna Venkatesan Ramani, Madhumathi Anbu","doi":"10.1680/jensu.23.00065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.23.00065","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry is trying to become more eco-friendly and minimise environmental impact. One way to achieve this is by using innovative building materials. Traditional clay bricks are not eco-friendly due to the depletion of resources, emissions, and waste generated during production. In this study, a new alternative called the Novel Organic Brick (NOB) was produced and evaluated, which was made from recycled construction and demolition sand and red clay as partial replacements for traditional virgin clay. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to compare the environmental impact of NOBs to that of Kiln Fired Bricks (KFBs). The inventory flows from material sourcing to brick shaping were modelled in SimaPro 8.1 and characterised into impact indicators using the ReCiPe 2016 method. The LCA showed that NOBs can reduce the impact of climate change by 39-56% compared to KFBs, depending on the type and source of recycled sand. This study encourages the construction industry to adopt alternative solutions for greater sustainability by demonstrating the viability of incorporating secondary materials and quantifying environmental performance improvements in India.","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riza Suwondo, Militia Keintjem, M. Suangga, Lee Cunningham
In an era characterised by a growing imperative for environmental sustainability, the construction industry finds itself at a crossroads where innovation and well-informed decision-making are paramount. This study explored the intricate interplay between structural performance, economic viability, and environmental impact in the realm of reinforced concrete slabs, with a specific focus on two-way slab-on-beam structures. This study examined the relationship between slab thickness, concrete grade, reinforcement ratios, embodied carbon emissions, and total construction costs. The findings paint a vivid, if not unexpected, picture: thinner slabs are associated with lower embodied carbon emissions and construction costs. However, there is a caveat: thinner slabs may find their place in projects with less demanding structural requirements, whereas thicker slabs, while offering superior structural performance, incur higher costs and environmental impacts. The choice of slab thickness, as this research indicates, is far from a one-size-fits-all decision and necessitates meticulous evaluation of project-specific demands. The data-driven insights presented in this study have the potential to improve construction practices. This research serves as a foundational reference point for the construction industry’s journey towards sustainability, where structures are not merely functional, but also environmentally and economically sustainable.
{"title":"Sustainable design of two-way slab on beam systems: a comparative study on embodied carbon and cost","authors":"Riza Suwondo, Militia Keintjem, M. Suangga, Lee Cunningham","doi":"10.1680/jensu.23.00089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.23.00089","url":null,"abstract":"In an era characterised by a growing imperative for environmental sustainability, the construction industry finds itself at a crossroads where innovation and well-informed decision-making are paramount. This study explored the intricate interplay between structural performance, economic viability, and environmental impact in the realm of reinforced concrete slabs, with a specific focus on two-way slab-on-beam structures. This study examined the relationship between slab thickness, concrete grade, reinforcement ratios, embodied carbon emissions, and total construction costs. The findings paint a vivid, if not unexpected, picture: thinner slabs are associated with lower embodied carbon emissions and construction costs. However, there is a caveat: thinner slabs may find their place in projects with less demanding structural requirements, whereas thicker slabs, while offering superior structural performance, incur higher costs and environmental impacts. The choice of slab thickness, as this research indicates, is far from a one-size-fits-all decision and necessitates meticulous evaluation of project-specific demands. The data-driven insights presented in this study have the potential to improve construction practices. This research serves as a foundational reference point for the construction industry’s journey towards sustainability, where structures are not merely functional, but also environmentally and economically sustainable.","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In view of the problem that the current evaluation of prefabricated buildings in China focuses more on the “assembly rate”, this paper puts forward a green assessment method suitable for prefabricated buildings in China, which determines the evaluation index system according to four aspects: green design, intelligent construction, assembled building quality and comprehensive benefit. In addition, the DEMATEL method is used to optimize the index weight, and then the AHP-EWM (Analytic Hierarchy Process-Entropy weight method) method is used to determine the weight of the index system, and the evaluation index set is quantified and graded. Finally, taking Hutuo village public rental housing project in Xi’an city of Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper uses the evaluation method to conduct a green assessment, and gives suggestions for improvement in each stage of the project.
{"title":"Research on green assessment method of AHP-EWM prefabricated building based on DEMATEL optimization","authors":"Yujiang Fan, Huanfang Li, Mengge Zhang, Jinbao Xu, Yuxi Chen","doi":"10.1680/jensu.23.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.23.00021","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the problem that the current evaluation of prefabricated buildings in China focuses more on the “assembly rate”, this paper puts forward a green assessment method suitable for prefabricated buildings in China, which determines the evaluation index system according to four aspects: green design, intelligent construction, assembled building quality and comprehensive benefit. In addition, the DEMATEL method is used to optimize the index weight, and then the AHP-EWM (Analytic Hierarchy Process-Entropy weight method) method is used to determine the weight of the index system, and the evaluation index set is quantified and graded. Finally, taking Hutuo village public rental housing project in Xi’an city of Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper uses the evaluation method to conduct a green assessment, and gives suggestions for improvement in each stage of the project.","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes to utilize a new adaptive KDE (Kernel Density Estimation) methodology based on linear diffusion processes for predicting the probability distribution tails of sea state parameters. A key conclusion has been reached that the proposed new methodology can lead to more accurate prediction results than the traditional methods based on the fittings to a measured significant wave height data set at NDBC (National Data Buoy Center) station 46014. This proposed methodology has subsequently been utilized for deriving an accurate 50-year environmental contour line that was used in the dynamic analysis of a two-body point absorber wave energy converter. After systematically analyzing the calculation results, another key conclusion has been drawn that it is advantageous to use a more reliable contour line derived using the proposed new methodology for long-term dynamic analysis of wave energy converters. In summary, the proposed new adaptive KDE methodology is recommended to be utilized and to be continuously refined in future research work in the field of long-term reliability analysis of marine sustainable energy systems.
本文提出利用一种基于线性扩散过程的新的自适应 KDE（核密度估计）方法来预测海况参数的概率分布尾部。研究得出的一个重要结论是，与传统方法相比，基于 NDBC（国家数据浮标中心）46014 站测量的显著波高数据集的匹配，所提出的新方法可以得出更准确的预测结果。随后，该方法被用于推导精确的 50 年环境等值线，并被用于双体点吸收波能转换器的动态分析。在对计算结果进行系统分析后，得出的另一个重要结论是，在对波浪能转换器进行长期动态分析时，采用所提出的新方法得出的等值线更为可靠。总之，建议在海洋可持续能源系统长期可靠性分析领域的未来研究工作中使用并不断完善所提出的自适应 KDE 新方法。
{"title":"A new method for analysis of marine sustainable energy systems","authors":"Yingguang Wang","doi":"10.1680/jensu.22.00070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.22.00070","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes to utilize a new adaptive KDE (Kernel Density Estimation) methodology based on linear diffusion processes for predicting the probability distribution tails of sea state parameters. A key conclusion has been reached that the proposed new methodology can lead to more accurate prediction results than the traditional methods based on the fittings to a measured significant wave height data set at NDBC (National Data Buoy Center) station 46014. This proposed methodology has subsequently been utilized for deriving an accurate 50-year environmental contour line that was used in the dynamic analysis of a two-body point absorber wave energy converter. After systematically analyzing the calculation results, another key conclusion has been drawn that it is advantageous to use a more reliable contour line derived using the proposed new methodology for long-term dynamic analysis of wave energy converters. In summary, the proposed new adaptive KDE methodology is recommended to be utilized and to be continuously refined in future research work in the field of long-term reliability analysis of marine sustainable energy systems.","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139894484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.1
Xiaojing Zhao
{"title":"Editorial: Innovative materials and optimization methodologies for green building design and construction","authors":"Xiaojing Zhao","doi":"10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139897504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.53
{"title":"Engineering Sustainability: Referees 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139897030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.1
Xiaojing Zhao
{"title":"Editorial: Innovative materials and optimization methodologies for green building design and construction","authors":"Xiaojing Zhao","doi":"10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139893832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.53
{"title":"Engineering Sustainability: Referees 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.2024.177.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516918,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139893935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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