Social Work was born to find and implement actions that succeed at alleviating or overcoming human suffering. Far from this objective, the scientific literature has highlighted that, during the pandemic, the serious situation of disadvantaged communities, including much of the Roma community, has underscored the historical evolution of the discipline towards bureaucratization. However, more research is needed to identify and analyze the actions through which many Social Work professionals have had the opportunity to rethink the current hegemonic model of social intervention. This study analyzes the main characteristics of some such actions. This research has been carried out following the communicative methodology through 40 semi-structured interviews to Social Work professionals in social services, educational centers and civic organizations. Results show that a constant dialogue with Roma communities, overcoming bureaucratization by changing intervention to co-create the best solutions, and a professional and human commitment at the service of people are common characteristics of those actions. These findings illustrate elements with which some Social Workers have been able to rethink the social intervention model they previously followed, allowing them to transform such model and regain the origins of the discipline towards finding the best solutions to improve the situations and lives of many Roma people.
{"title":"Overcoming Bureaucratization. Rethinking the Social Work Model in Dialogue with Roma","authors":"Ane López de Aguileta, Ariadna Munté-Pascual","doi":"10.17583/hse.14725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.14725","url":null,"abstract":"Social Work was born to find and implement actions that succeed at alleviating or overcoming human suffering. Far from this objective, the scientific literature has highlighted that, during the pandemic, the serious situation of disadvantaged communities, including much of the Roma community, has underscored the historical evolution of the discipline towards bureaucratization. However, more research is needed to identify and analyze the actions through which many Social Work professionals have had the opportunity to rethink the current hegemonic model of social intervention. This study analyzes the main characteristics of some such actions. This research has been carried out following the communicative methodology through 40 semi-structured interviews to Social Work professionals in social services, educational centers and civic organizations. Results show that a constant dialogue with Roma communities, overcoming bureaucratization by changing intervention to co-create the best solutions, and a professional and human commitment at the service of people are common characteristics of those actions. These findings illustrate elements with which some Social Workers have been able to rethink the social intervention model they previously followed, allowing them to transform such model and regain the origins of the discipline towards finding the best solutions to improve the situations and lives of many Roma people.","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"102 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140986160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula Cañaveras, Garazi López de Aguileta, Mengna Guo, Elisabeth Torras-Gómez, Alba Crespo-López, Benjamín Menéndez-Martínez, Maria del Pilar Fernández-González, Lidia Puigvert-Mallart, Ramón Flecha
The scientific literature has already demonstrated the benefits of romantic love as a key protective factor in the prevention of violence. Some recent publications affirm that romantic love is a powerful cause of gender violence following two steps. First, they attribute a list of causes of violence to romantic love calling them “the myths of romantic love”, including lack of freedom and the normalization of coercion. Nonetheless, research has not explored in depth yet whether what they call “romantic love myths” are consubstantial characteristics of romantic love or not. To that end, this study conducts a historical literature review of scientific articles, books, literary and musical works from diverse cultures and periods. Findings show those myths are not characteristics of romantic love; on the contrary, the literature reviewed shows six main characteristics of romantic love that demonstrate it is the opposite of those myths, as it has freed women from feudal and other subjugations throughout history.
{"title":"The Characteristics versus the “Myths” of Romantic Love","authors":"Paula Cañaveras, Garazi López de Aguileta, Mengna Guo, Elisabeth Torras-Gómez, Alba Crespo-López, Benjamín Menéndez-Martínez, Maria del Pilar Fernández-González, Lidia Puigvert-Mallart, Ramón Flecha","doi":"10.17583/hse.14505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.14505","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific literature has already demonstrated the benefits of romantic love as a key protective factor in the prevention of violence. Some recent publications affirm that romantic love is a powerful cause of gender violence following two steps. First, they attribute a list of causes of violence to romantic love calling them “the myths of romantic love”, including lack of freedom and the normalization of coercion. Nonetheless, research has not explored in depth yet whether what they call “romantic love myths” are consubstantial characteristics of romantic love or not. To that end, this study conducts a historical literature review of scientific articles, books, literary and musical works from diverse cultures and periods. Findings show those myths are not characteristics of romantic love; on the contrary, the literature reviewed shows six main characteristics of romantic love that demonstrate it is the opposite of those myths, as it has freed women from feudal and other subjugations throughout history.","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El presente estudio se sumerge en la gestión educativa local durante el primer tercio del siglo XX, explorando la intersección entre la educación y las políticas higienistas a través de un análisis meticuloso de documentación administrativa local. Mediante una metodología mixta que integra análisis cualitativos con el software WebQDA y cuantitativos utilizando SPSS, se examinan las condiciones de las infraestructuras escolares, las iniciativas higiénico-pedagógicas y las dinámicas de interacción entre diversos agentes educativos. Se destaca la colaboración entre maestros y arquitectos en la identificación y conceptualización de mejoras necesarias, contrastando con la gestión y ejecución de soluciones por parte de entidades locales y funcionarios municipales. El estudio revela una marcada discrepancia entre la teorización de los problemas y la efectividad de las soluciones implementadas, subrayando la importancia de una integración más efectiva entre la planificación técnica y la ejecución política. Al final, se concluye que la documentación administrativa ofrece una perspectiva valiosa para comprender los desafíos y estrategias adoptadas en el ámbito educativo local, resaltando la necesidad de enfoques holísticos para abordar los problemas de higiene y educación en las escuelas municipales
{"title":"Entre la teoría y la práctica: un análisis multifacético de la gestión educativa y el higienismo durante el primer tercio del siglo XX","authors":"Seila Soler, P. Rosser","doi":"10.17583/hse.14175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.14175","url":null,"abstract":"El presente estudio se sumerge en la gestión educativa local durante el primer tercio del siglo XX, explorando la intersección entre la educación y las políticas higienistas a través de un análisis meticuloso de documentación administrativa local. Mediante una metodología mixta que integra análisis cualitativos con el software WebQDA y cuantitativos utilizando SPSS, se examinan las condiciones de las infraestructuras escolares, las iniciativas higiénico-pedagógicas y las dinámicas de interacción entre diversos agentes educativos. Se destaca la colaboración entre maestros y arquitectos en la identificación y conceptualización de mejoras necesarias, contrastando con la gestión y ejecución de soluciones por parte de entidades locales y funcionarios municipales. El estudio revela una marcada discrepancia entre la teorización de los problemas y la efectividad de las soluciones implementadas, subrayando la importancia de una integración más efectiva entre la planificación técnica y la ejecución política. Al final, se concluye que la documentación administrativa ofrece una perspectiva valiosa para comprender los desafíos y estrategias adoptadas en el ámbito educativo local, resaltando la necesidad de enfoques holísticos para abordar los problemas de higiene y educación en las escuelas municipales","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En Chile, durante los gobiernos radicales (1938-1946), el Ministerio de Educación Pública implementó diversas iniciativas para ampliar y transformar el sistema escolar, modernizar las prácticas pedagógicas y fortalecer la educación rural. Una de estas acciones fue la creación de dos silabarios para estudiantes de escuelas primarias urbanas y rurales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la representación de las infancias en los silabarios Mi tesoro (para escuelas urbanas) y Mi tierra (para escuelas rurales), distribuidos entre 1942 y 1950. Los textos e ilustraciones que forman parte de los silabarios fueron analizados a partir de la técnica de Análisis de Contenido. Se concluye que estos textos configuraron y difundieron, por un lado, una visión de niñez rural vinculada con la productividad y el trabajo agrícola; y, por otro, un ideario de infancia urbana que no solo tenía la posibilidad de apropiarse de la cultura letrada, sino que también disfrutaba de actividades recreativas en el espacio urbano.
{"title":"Infancias Campesinas e Infancias Urbanas. Un acercamiento desde los silabarios ‘Mi Tesoro’ y ‘Mi Tierra’ (Chile, 1942-1950)","authors":"C. Perez-navarro, Isabel Ibaceta","doi":"10.17583/hse.12259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.12259","url":null,"abstract":"En Chile, durante los gobiernos radicales (1938-1946), el Ministerio de Educación Pública implementó diversas iniciativas para ampliar y transformar el sistema escolar, modernizar las prácticas pedagógicas y fortalecer la educación rural. Una de estas acciones fue la creación de dos silabarios para estudiantes de escuelas primarias urbanas y rurales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la representación de las infancias en los silabarios Mi tesoro (para escuelas urbanas) y Mi tierra (para escuelas rurales), distribuidos entre 1942 y 1950. Los textos e ilustraciones que forman parte de los silabarios fueron analizados a partir de la técnica de Análisis de Contenido. Se concluye que estos textos configuraron y difundieron, por un lado, una visión de niñez rural vinculada con la productividad y el trabajo agrícola; y, por otro, un ideario de infancia urbana que no solo tenía la posibilidad de apropiarse de la cultura letrada, sino que también disfrutaba de actividades recreativas en el espacio urbano.","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the late Soviet period (1960s-1980s), the public policy of the Soviet Union was mainly based on two ideologemes - internationalism and military patriotism. They were also applied in the education system in the formation of the citizen, the so-called New Soviet Man. It was declared that one of the duties of this New Soviet Man was to ensure world peace, which required not only an internationalist mindset but also good military preparation. In 1968 the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution on the introduction of compulsory initial military training in all schools in the USSR. Based on published historical sources (official resolutions, methodological guidelines, articles in the pedagogical press) and 34 qualitative interviews with former Soviet school pupils, the present article not only analyses the aims and principles, content, and methods of patriotic military upbringing and initial military training (IMT), but also presents the authentic experiences of how IMT was implemented in schools of the Lithuanian SSR. As our research shows, IMT in Soviet Lithuania did not run very efficiently. The biggest problem was the lack of qualified military instructors capable of working with children.
{"title":"“We will fight for peace all over the world until the last grenade”. Initial Military Training in Schools of the Lithuanian SSR in the Late Soviet Era","authors":"Irena Stonkuviene","doi":"10.17583/hse.12131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.12131","url":null,"abstract":"In the late Soviet period (1960s-1980s), the public policy of the Soviet Union was mainly based on two ideologemes - internationalism and military patriotism. They were also applied in the education system in the formation of the citizen, the so-called New Soviet Man. It was declared that one of the duties of this New Soviet Man was to ensure world peace, which required not only an internationalist mindset but also good military preparation. In 1968 the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution on the introduction of compulsory initial military training in all schools in the USSR. Based on published historical sources (official resolutions, methodological guidelines, articles in the pedagogical press) and 34 qualitative interviews with former Soviet school pupils, the present article not only analyses the aims and principles, content, and methods of patriotic military upbringing and initial military training (IMT), but also presents the authentic experiences of how IMT was implemented in schools of the Lithuanian SSR. As our research shows, IMT in Soviet Lithuania did not run very efficiently. The biggest problem was the lack of qualified military instructors capable of working with children.","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140496835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research explores Early Childhood Education (ECE) during an intensely chaotic historical period in one city in Eastern/Central Europe. Breslau, initially a German city, was transferred to Poland and renamed Wroclaw in 1945 after World War 2. Breslau/Wroclaw experienced intense upheaval before, during, and after the war including the almost complete physical devastation of the city and the ensuing massive migration from the expulsion of ethnic Germans and the resettlement of Poles from eastern regions. The impact of war and government policies on the development and continuance of Early Childhood Education as Hitler and National Socialism rose to power, during the months of uncertainty around the end of the war, and on the establishment of a new system of Early Childhood Education in Wroclaw under Soviet domination receive focus in this paper. The results and discussion are applied to contemporary circumstances such as the current crisis in Ukraine, as well as social and political upheaval arising from other emergencies.
{"title":"Early Childhood Education during conflict and change: Learning from the World War 2 experience of Breslau, Germany/Wroclaw, Poland","authors":"Andrea Noel, Marta Kondracka-Szala","doi":"10.17583/hse.12464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.12464","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores Early Childhood Education (ECE) during an intensely chaotic historical period in one city in Eastern/Central Europe. Breslau, initially a German city, was transferred to Poland and renamed Wroclaw in 1945 after World War 2. Breslau/Wroclaw experienced intense upheaval before, during, and after the war including the almost complete physical devastation of the city and the ensuing massive migration from the expulsion of ethnic Germans and the resettlement of Poles from eastern regions. The impact of war and government policies on the development and continuance of Early Childhood Education as Hitler and National Socialism rose to power, during the months of uncertainty around the end of the war, and on the establishment of a new system of Early Childhood Education in Wroclaw under Soviet domination receive focus in this paper. The results and discussion are applied to contemporary circumstances such as the current crisis in Ukraine, as well as social and political upheaval arising from other emergencies.","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Se presenta un marco metodológico para abordar los estudios organizacionales desde una perspectiva sociohistórica transdisciplinaria. Este marco es empleado para dar cuenta del proceso de instauración del Colegio-Universidad Dominico en Chile durante la colonia. Este análisis parte por explorar el sentido social de la institución universitaria desde la perspectiva de un enfoque sistémico-interpretativo. A partir de la comprensión de la universidad como una organización con un sentido social enraizado en la sociedad colonial chilena se despliegan dos posibles sentidos a partir de la revisión del proceso histórico de evaluación de credenciales y ubicación espacial de las universidades. Los hallazgos permiten concluir sobre el rol que se le adjudicó a la universidad como mecanismo de reproducción cultural de la metrópoli y la instrumentalización del territorio y sus moradores para consolidar el dominio hegemónico de la corona.
{"title":"Estudio Histórico-Organizacional de la Instauración de la Universidad Dominica en Chile Durante la Colonia","authors":"Jesús Lara-Coronado, Alejandro Ochoa-Arias","doi":"10.17583/hse.12364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17583/hse.12364","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta un marco metodológico para abordar los estudios organizacionales desde una perspectiva sociohistórica transdisciplinaria. Este marco es empleado para dar cuenta del proceso de instauración del Colegio-Universidad Dominico en Chile durante la colonia. Este análisis parte por explorar el sentido social de la institución universitaria desde la perspectiva de un enfoque sistémico-interpretativo. A partir de la comprensión de la universidad como una organización con un sentido social enraizado en la sociedad colonial chilena se despliegan dos posibles sentidos a partir de la revisión del proceso histórico de evaluación de credenciales y ubicación espacial de las universidades. Los hallazgos permiten concluir sobre el rol que se le adjudicó a la universidad como mecanismo de reproducción cultural de la metrópoli y la instrumentalización del territorio y sus moradores para consolidar el dominio hegemónico de la corona.","PeriodicalId":516958,"journal":{"name":"Social and Education History","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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