Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in childhood, with prevalence in the general population of 1.5 to 3.0 cases per 1000 live birth. The complete causal pathway to CP is unclear in approximately 80% of cases, but risk factors can often be identified from history of conception, pregnancy, birth, or post-neonatal period. CP is not just a physical disability, so comorbidities are commonly present. It is not only the physical development that is at risk, but also the optimal development of children with CP as a whole, including their psychological, social, emotional and cognitive development. CP impacts not only the child, but also the whole family, in a complex, long-term and multi-factorial manner. Historically, the diagnosis has been made between the ages of 12 and 24 months, but now it can be made before 6 months corrected age. Early diagnosis includes neuroimaging, neurological and motor assessments. Early diagnosis is crucial for immediate referral to specific early intervention, which is very important for optimizing infant`s motor and cognitive plasticity, as well as for preventing secondary complications. CP is a life-long condition, and the treatment is long-lasting. Physical therapy takes a central place in managing CP. It focuses on function, movement, and optimal use of the child`s potential.
{"title":"MANAGEMENT OF CEREBRAL PALSY THROUGH THE CHILDHOOD: HOW DOES IT WORK IN SERBIA?","authors":"Lidija Dimitrijević","doi":"10.46793/pp240127007d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240127007d","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in childhood, with prevalence in the general population of 1.5 to 3.0 cases per 1000 live birth. The complete causal pathway to CP is unclear in approximately 80% of cases, but risk factors can often be identified from history of conception, pregnancy, birth, or post-neonatal period. CP is not just a physical disability, so comorbidities are commonly present. It is not only the physical development that is at risk, but also the optimal development of children with CP as a whole, including their psychological, social, emotional and cognitive development. CP impacts not only the child, but also the whole family, in a complex, long-term and multi-factorial manner. Historically, the diagnosis has been made between the ages of 12 and 24 months, but now it can be made before 6 months corrected age. Early diagnosis includes neuroimaging, neurological and motor assessments. Early diagnosis is crucial for immediate referral to specific early intervention, which is very important for optimizing infant`s motor and cognitive plasticity, as well as for preventing secondary complications. CP is a life-long condition, and the treatment is long-lasting. Physical therapy takes a central place in managing CP. It focuses on function, movement, and optimal use of the child`s potential.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adolescent lung disease associated with vaping EVALI has attracted considerable attention in recent years, since 2019, when it emerged as a serious health problem that primarily affects young individuals who use e-cigarettes or vaping products. While the exact cause and mechanism of action is still under investigation, the fact is that it is associated with the use of vaping products and the use of e-cigarettes that contain nicotine and other substances. Use can lead to severe lung damage, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, a life-threatening condition. EVALI has initiated numerous public health actions at local, national and international levels. Health organizations issue warnings about the potential risks of vaping, especially for young people, and recommend avoiding vaping products. In response to the EVALI epidemic, it is necessary to introduce regulatory measures regarding the safety and regulation of vaping products. These measures include stricter regulations on the sale and marketing of e-cigarettes and vaping liquids, as well as efforts to raise awareness of the potential risks associated with vaping. Education and awareness campaigns have been launched to inform the public, especially adolescents and young adults, about the potential health risks of vaping. It is important for adolescents, parents, teachers and healthcare professionals to be informed about the risks associated with vaping and to promote healthy behaviors and strategies.
{"title":"E CIGARETTES AND ADOLESCENTS","authors":"V. Veković, Zorica Živković","doi":"10.46793/pp240116002v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240116002v","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent lung disease associated with vaping EVALI has attracted considerable attention in recent years, since 2019, when it emerged as a serious health problem that primarily affects young individuals who use e-cigarettes or vaping products. \u0000While the exact cause and mechanism of action is still under investigation, the fact is that it is associated with the use of vaping products and the use of e-cigarettes that contain nicotine and other substances. Use can lead to severe lung damage, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, a life-threatening condition. EVALI has initiated numerous public health actions at local, national and international levels. Health organizations issue warnings about the potential risks of vaping, especially for young people, and recommend avoiding vaping products. In response to the EVALI epidemic, it is necessary to introduce regulatory measures regarding the safety and regulation of vaping products. These measures include stricter regulations on the sale and marketing of e-cigarettes and vaping liquids, as well as efforts to raise awareness of the potential risks associated with vaping. \u0000Education and awareness campaigns have been launched to inform the public, especially adolescents and young adults, about the potential health risks of vaping. It is important for adolescents, parents, teachers and healthcare professionals to be informed about the risks associated with vaping and to promote healthy behaviors and strategies.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kavecan, Nataša Nikolić, Đerđi Erdeš-Kavečan, Tatjana Redžek Mudrinić, Milan Obrenović
Prevencija bolesti obuhvata sve aktivnosti koje se mogu sprovesti u cilju sprečavanja pojave i ispoljavanja manifestacija bolesti, kako bi se rano otkrila bolest i blagovremeno primenila odgovarajuća terapija. Primenama strategija precizne medicine uzimaju se u obzir genetičke analize, faktori spoljašnje sredine kao i način na koji osoba živi, kako bi se precizno odabralo lečenje koje je najprikladnije i najefikasnije za tu osobu. Precizna medicina otvara novo poglavlje zdravstvene zaštite, preventivne medicine i preventivne pedijatrije. Precizna medicina uključuje i informacije dobijene genetičkim ispitivanjima – tzv. „OMIKAMA” (GEN-omika, TRANSKRIPT-omika, EPIGEN-omika, METABOL-omika, PROTE-omika, MIKROBI-omika), tj. tehnologijama i analizama podataka koje pružaju precizan klinički, biološki i molekularni fenotip. Unapređenje životnog stila i izbegavanje štetnih faktora životne sredine može uticati na funkciju gena što se može iskoristiti u prevenciji i razvoju preciznih preventivnih zdravstvenih strategija.
{"title":"ZNAČAJ PRECIZNE MEDICINE I FARMAKOGENOMIKE U PREVENTIVNOJ PEDIJATRIJI","authors":"I. Kavecan, Nataša Nikolić, Đerđi Erdeš-Kavečan, Tatjana Redžek Mudrinić, Milan Obrenović","doi":"10.46793/pp240127011k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240127011k","url":null,"abstract":"Prevencija bolesti obuhvata sve aktivnosti koje se mogu sprovesti u cilju sprečavanja pojave i ispoljavanja manifestacija bolesti, kako bi se rano otkrila bolest i blagovremeno primenila odgovarajuća terapija.\u0000Primenama strategija precizne medicine uzimaju se u obzir genetičke analize, faktori spoljašnje sredine kao i način na koji osoba živi, kako bi se precizno odabralo lečenje koje je najprikladnije i najefikasnije za tu osobu.\u0000Precizna medicina otvara novo poglavlje zdravstvene zaštite, preventivne medicine i preventivne pedijatrije.\u0000Precizna medicina uključuje i informacije dobijene genetičkim ispitivanjima – tzv. „OMIKAMA” (GEN-omika, TRANSKRIPT-omika, EPIGEN-omika, METABOL-omika, PROTE-omika, MIKROBI-omika), tj. tehnologijama i analizama podataka koje pružaju precizan klinički, biološki i molekularni fenotip.\u0000Unapređenje životnog stila i izbegavanje štetnih faktora životne sredine može uticati na funkciju gena što se može iskoristiti u prevenciji i razvoju preciznih preventivnih zdravstvenih strategija.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uvod: Implementacija prava dece u zdravstvenoj zaštiti u smislu pravilne primene u praksi predstavlja uvođenje novih standarda i potrebu za dodatnom edukacijom zdravstvenih profesionalaca, dece i njihovih roditelja. Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživačkog rada je ukazivanje na neophodnost svakodnevne primene dečijih prava u pedijatrijskoj praksi. Metodologija: Uzorak je činilo 104 roditelja dece-pacijenata i 69 zdravstvenih radnika i saradnika koji rade sa decom pri KBC „Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje“. Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja o informisanosti roditelja o pravima dece u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite ukazuju da veoma veliki procenat roditelja, čak 77,9%, nema adekvatnu informisanost o pravima dece u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite. Podaci o potrebi edukovanja dece i roditelja, pokazuju da 91,3% roditelja smatra da je edukacija potrebna dok njih 3,8% ima mišljenje da takva vrsta edukacije nije potrebna. Može se uočiti da velika većina zdravstvenih radnika i saradnika, 78,3% nema adekvatna znanja o pravima dece pacijenata. Zaključak: Naše istraživanje dečijih prava i pravnog položaja dece u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite u Republici Srbiji u ovom radu ukazuje na značaj i potreba za uvođenjem novih standarda, dodatnu edukaciju dece, njihovih roditelja i zdravstvenih radnika i saradnika.
导言：儿童医疗保健法在实际工作中的正确实施代表着新标准的引入以及对医疗专业人员、儿童及其家长进行额外教育的必要性。 研究方法：样本包括 104 名患者家长和 69 名在 KBC "Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje "工作的医护人员。调查结果显示，77.9%的家长没有充分了解死者在医疗系统中的权利。Podaci o potreb potreb edukovanja dece i parentitelja, pokazuju da 91,3% roditelja smatra da je edukacija potrebno dok njih 3,8% ima mišljenje da takva vrsta edukacije nije potrebna.结论：我们对儿童权利和儿童在塞尔维亚共和国卫生保健系统中的法律地位的研究表明，有必要制定新的标准，对儿童、他们的父母、卫生保健提供者和护理者进行更多的教育。
{"title":"ZNAČENJE EDUKACIJE ZA IMPLEMENTACIJU PRAVA DECE U ZDRAVSTVENOJ ZAŠTITI","authors":"Jasmina Milošević","doi":"10.46793/pp240210016m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240210016m","url":null,"abstract":"Uvod: Implementacija prava dece u zdravstvenoj zaštiti u smislu pravilne primene u praksi predstavlja uvođenje novih standarda i potrebu za dodatnom edukacijom zdravstvenih profesionalaca, dece i njihovih roditelja. \u0000Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživačkog rada je ukazivanje na neophodnost svakodnevne primene dečijih prava u pedijatrijskoj praksi.\u0000Metodologija: Uzorak je činilo 104 roditelja dece-pacijenata i 69 zdravstvenih radnika i saradnika koji rade sa decom pri KBC „Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje“.\u0000Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja o informisanosti roditelja o pravima dece u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite ukazuju da veoma veliki procenat roditelja, čak 77,9%, nema adekvatnu informisanost o pravima dece u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite. Podaci o potrebi edukovanja dece i roditelja, pokazuju da 91,3% roditelja smatra da je edukacija potrebna dok njih 3,8% ima mišljenje da takva vrsta edukacije nije potrebna. Može se uočiti da velika većina zdravstvenih radnika i saradnika, 78,3% nema adekvatna znanja o pravima dece pacijenata.\u0000Zaključak: Naše istraživanje dečijih prava i pravnog položaja dece u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite u Republici Srbiji u ovom radu ukazuje na značaj i potreba za uvođenjem novih standarda, dodatnu edukaciju dece, njihovih roditelja i zdravstvenih radnika i saradnika.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a dominating respiratory infection worldwide. It is responsible for infecting millions of children worldwide each winter through highly contagious droplets and secretions. Over 2.1 million of these children require some form of medical attention during illness. Due to this high disease burden, the development of new agents to prevent or reduce the spread of RSV has been a top priority. Recently, nirsevimab, a new monoclonal antibody was introduced for the 2023-2024 winter season that holds promise for limiting the spread, morbidity, and mortality associated with RSV.
{"title":"AN INTRODUCTION TO NIRSEVIMAB","authors":"Ivana Kalanović Dylag, Andrew Dylag","doi":"10.46793/pp240220001k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240220001k","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a dominating respiratory infection worldwide. It is responsible for infecting millions of children worldwide each winter through highly contagious droplets and secretions. Over 2.1 million of these children require some form of medical attention during illness. Due to this high disease burden, the development of new agents to prevent or reduce the spread of RSV has been a top priority. Recently, nirsevimab, a new monoclonal antibody was introduced for the 2023-2024 winter season that holds promise for limiting the spread, morbidity, and mortality associated with RSV.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal the development of the cervical spine, which leads to the fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae. Incidence is 1:40 000 - 42 000. Inheritance is usually autosomal dominant. The gene mutation is most often found on the long arm of chromosome 8q22.1.The syndrome was first described by French physicians, Maurice Klippel and André Feil in 1912 with the classic clinical triad of manifestations consisting of a low posterior hairline, short neck, and limited neck range of motion. There may be skin folds on the neck - Pterygium colli, and the shoulder blades are high - Sprengel Deformity. Scoliosis is often present. Accompanying, hidden anomalies may be more important than neck deformity. A clinical finding with an objective examination is sufficient to suspect this syndrome. And then additional diagnostic methods are applied. Surgical intervention is carried out in the event of instability on the spine with the aim of eliminating it, as well as correcting scoliosis. Therapy of accompanying anomalies - kidney, neurological disorders, hearing disorders. Physical therapy is also recommended, which gives modest results. The life span of people with Klippel-Feil syndrome is shortened due to frequent anomalies of the internal organs. Case report: The paper presents a girl aged 10 years and 10/12 months. Pronounced hypertelorism. On the upper lip, a scar after cleft lip and palate surgery, left. Teeth carious, irregularly arranged. Neck short with pterygium. Low hairline. Pronounced scoliosis. High position of the shoulder blades. Abdominal ultrasound shows agenesis of the right kidney. IVP - the right kidney is not shown, the left kidney is compensatory enlarged. A diagnosis of Klippel Feil syndrome was made in a tertiary institution. Parents refuse further tests and treatment. Conclusion: In every child with Klippel-Feil syndrome, further examination and detection of accompanying, hidden anomalies that may be more important than the neck deformity is necessary.
{"title":"KLIPPEL FEIL SYNDROME AND ASSOCIATED ANOMALIES","authors":"Bojana Cokić","doi":"10.46793/pp240201019c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240201019c","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal the development of the cervical spine, which leads to the fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae. Incidence is 1:40 000 - 42 000. Inheritance is usually autosomal dominant. The gene mutation is most often found on the long arm of chromosome 8q22.1.The syndrome was first described by French physicians, Maurice Klippel and André Feil in 1912 with the classic clinical triad of manifestations consisting of a low posterior hairline, short neck, and limited neck range of motion. There may be skin folds on the neck - Pterygium colli, and the shoulder blades are high - Sprengel Deformity. Scoliosis is often present. Accompanying, hidden anomalies may be more important than neck deformity. A clinical finding with an objective examination is sufficient to suspect this syndrome. And then additional diagnostic methods are applied. Surgical intervention is carried out in the event of instability on the spine with the aim of eliminating it, as well as correcting scoliosis. Therapy of accompanying anomalies - kidney, neurological disorders, hearing disorders. Physical therapy is also recommended, which gives modest results. The life span of people with Klippel-Feil syndrome is shortened due to frequent anomalies of the internal organs.\u0000Case report: The paper presents a girl aged 10 years and 10/12 months. Pronounced hypertelorism. On the upper lip, a scar after cleft lip and palate surgery, left. Teeth carious, irregularly arranged. Neck short with pterygium. Low hairline. Pronounced scoliosis. High position of the shoulder blades. Abdominal ultrasound shows agenesis of the right kidney. IVP - the right kidney is not shown, the left kidney is compensatory enlarged. A diagnosis of Klippel Feil syndrome was made in a tertiary institution. Parents refuse further tests and treatment.\u0000Conclusion: In every child with Klippel-Feil syndrome, further examination and detection of accompanying, hidden anomalies that may be more important than the neck deformity is necessary.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandar Tomašević, Mira Karadžić, M. Miković, V. Veković, Milica Tomasevic
I pored razvijenih sistema prevencije, ali i savremenih, uspešnih modaliteta lečenja, karcinom grlića materice predstavlja i dalje veliki socijalni i epidemiološki problem u svetu, naročito izražen u nerazvijenim zemljama i zemljama u razvoju. Prema incidenci i mortalitetu od karcinoma grlića materice, Srbija se decenijama unazad nalazi u vrhu liste evropskih zemalja. Dokazana centralna uloga hronične HPV infekcije i perzistentnog prisustva virusne DNK u genetskom materijalu ćelija cervikalne sluznice, dovela je i do razvoja uspešnih mera prevencije. Primarna prevencija je predstavljena kroz HPV imunizaciju populacije u dečijem/ranom adolescentnom dobu, što omogućava smanjenje učestalosti HPV infekcije, a time i smanjenje incidence patoloških promena na sluznici grlića. Sekundarna prevencija je predstavljena kroz skrining sa ciljem otkrivanja asimptomatskih premalignih promena ili ranih stadijuma invazivne bolesti. Pokazano je da se populacioni benefit od vakcinacije postiže kada nivo imunizacije pređe 50%. U Srbiji je trenutno dostupna devetovalentna HPV vakcina, mada sama vakcinacije nije obavezna već je na nivou preporuke, što uz nedovoljnu informisanost o HPV infekciji, udruženo sa već naširoko rasprostranjenom negativnom senzibilizacijom opšte populacije u Srbiji prema vakcinaciji uopšte, daje ukupno nizak procent vakcinisanih. Takođe, još uvek ne postoji adekvatno razvijen organizovani skrining, on se najčešće sprovodi kao povremeni, oportuni skrining, baziran na kolposkopiji sa PAP testiranjem, dok se HPV testiranje sprovodi u znatno manjem obimu, što sve predstavlja razloge visoke incidence i mortaliteta od karcinoma grlića materice u Srbiji.
尽管已经开发了预防系统和成功的现代治疗方法，但子宫喉癌仍然是世界上一个重大的社会和流行病问题，在不发达国家和发展中国家尤为突出。 就喉癌的发病率和死亡率而言，几十年来，塞尔维亚一直位居欧洲国家之首。人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）慢性感染和病毒 DNA 持续存在于宫颈粘膜遗传物质中的核心作用已经得到证实，并且已经制定了成功的预防措施。初级预防是通过在青少年早期对人群进行人类乳头瘤病毒免疫接种，从而降低人类乳头瘤病毒感染的发病率，进而降低喉粘膜病理变化的发病率。二级预防是通过筛查来实现的，筛查的目的是发现无症状的恶性病变前病变或侵袭性疼痛的早期阶段。在塞尔维亚，HPV 疫苗的接种率很低，但在接种前，HPV 感染者的信息量却很大，在塞尔维亚，接种疫苗前，接种率仅为 50%。此外，有组织筛查尚未得到充分发展，通常是在阴道镜检查和 PAP 检测的基础上进行可变的、机会性筛查，直到 HPV 检测的人数明显减少，这也是塞尔维亚喉癌发病率和死亡率高的原因。
{"title":"PREVENCIJA KARCINOMA GRLIĆA MATERICE","authors":"Aleksandar Tomašević, Mira Karadžić, M. Miković, V. Veković, Milica Tomasevic","doi":"10.46793/pp231209005t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp231209005t","url":null,"abstract":"I pored razvijenih sistema prevencije, ali i savremenih, uspešnih modaliteta lečenja, karcinom grlića materice predstavlja i dalje veliki socijalni i epidemiološki problem u svetu, naročito izražen u nerazvijenim zemljama i zemljama u razvoju. Prema incidenci i mortalitetu od karcinoma grlića materice, Srbija se decenijama unazad nalazi u vrhu liste evropskih zemalja.\u0000Dokazana centralna uloga hronične HPV infekcije i perzistentnog prisustva virusne DNK u genetskom materijalu ćelija cervikalne sluznice, dovela je i do razvoja uspešnih mera prevencije.\u0000Primarna prevencija je predstavljena kroz HPV imunizaciju populacije u dečijem/ranom adolescentnom dobu, što omogućava smanjenje učestalosti HPV infekcije, a time i smanjenje incidence patoloških promena na sluznici grlića. Sekundarna prevencija je predstavljena kroz skrining sa ciljem otkrivanja asimptomatskih premalignih promena ili ranih stadijuma invazivne bolesti.\u0000Pokazano je da se populacioni benefit od vakcinacije postiže kada nivo imunizacije pređe 50%. U Srbiji je trenutno dostupna devetovalentna HPV vakcina, mada sama vakcinacije nije obavezna već je na nivou preporuke, što uz nedovoljnu informisanost o HPV infekciji, udruženo sa već naširoko rasprostranjenom negativnom senzibilizacijom opšte populacije u Srbiji prema vakcinaciji uopšte, daje ukupno nizak procent vakcinisanih. Takođe, još uvek ne postoji adekvatno razvijen organizovani skrining, on se najčešće sprovodi kao povremeni, oportuni skrining, baziran na kolposkopiji sa PAP testiranjem, dok se HPV testiranje sprovodi u znatno manjem obimu, što sve predstavlja razloge visoke incidence i mortaliteta od karcinoma grlića materice u Srbiji.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Ostojić, Marija Sredojević, V. Veković, Zorica Živković
Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a contagious acute respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Before the widespread immunization, pertussis was one of the most common infectious causes of morbidity and death. Despite widespread immunization, the pathogen continues to circulate in the population with cyclical outbreaks. Recent data from the Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut" for the territory of the Republic of Serbia reveals a significant rise in pertussis cases in the last year, which creates a need for careful analysis of the current epidemic. The aim of our study was to show the current epidemiological situation related to pertussis illness, along with an analysis of patients hospitalized at the Children's Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, Clinical Hospital Center "Dr Dragiša Mišović" from August 2023 to February 2024, who were laboratory confirmed with B. Pertussis infection. During this period, 23 patients were hospitalized with confirmed B. Pertussis infection. The laboratory method for isolating the bacterium was a nasopharyngeal swab that was sent for PCR analysis. The average age of hospitalized children was 4.6 months, with the majority being 2 months old. The youngest infants were 1 month old, while the oldest patient was 35 months old. B. Pertussis infection was confirmed in children who were either not vaccinated or were incompletely vaccinated due to their age. The most commonly associated conditions with B. Pertussis infection were acute bronchiolitis and pneumonia, with SARS COV-2 virus isolated in two cases. Based on the results of our analysis and data from the literature, we observed an increase in the number of pertussis cases. Although vaccination has significantly contributed to reducing the incidence of pertussis, this analysis highlights challenges and the need for continued following of the epidemiologic situation. Additionally, it is crucial to consider factors contributing to the resurgence of the epidemic to develop more effective strategies for disease control and prevention.
{"title":"PERTUSIS - CURRENT SITUATION","authors":"O. Ostojić, Marija Sredojević, V. Veković, Zorica Živković","doi":"10.46793/pp240301017o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240301017o","url":null,"abstract":"Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a contagious acute respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Before the widespread immunization, pertussis was one of the most common infectious causes of morbidity and death. Despite widespread immunization, the pathogen continues to circulate in the population with cyclical outbreaks. Recent data from the Institute of Public Health of Serbia \"Dr Milan Jovanović Batut\" for the territory of the Republic of Serbia reveals a significant rise in pertussis cases in the last year, which creates a need for careful analysis of the current epidemic. The aim of our study was to show the current epidemiological situation related to pertussis illness, along with an analysis of patients hospitalized at the Children's Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, Clinical Hospital Center \"Dr Dragiša Mišović\" from August 2023 to February 2024, who were laboratory confirmed with B. Pertussis infection. During this period, 23 patients were hospitalized with confirmed B. Pertussis infection. The laboratory method for isolating the bacterium was a nasopharyngeal swab that was sent for PCR analysis. The average age of hospitalized children was 4.6 months, with the majority being 2 months old. The youngest infants were 1 month old, while the oldest patient was 35 months old. B. Pertussis infection was confirmed in children who were either not vaccinated or were incompletely vaccinated due to their age. The most commonly associated conditions with B. Pertussis infection were acute bronchiolitis and pneumonia, with SARS COV-2 virus isolated in two cases. Based on the results of our analysis and data from the literature, we observed an increase in the number of pertussis cases. Although vaccination has significantly contributed to reducing the incidence of pertussis, this analysis highlights challenges and the need for continued following of the epidemiologic situation. Additionally, it is crucial to consider factors contributing to the resurgence of the epidemic to develop more effective strategies for disease control and prevention.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dijana Manić, Dejan Milojević, Vladana Nikolić, Maja Slavković Jovanović, S. Živanović
Uvod: Prisustvo stranog tela u disajnim putevima je životno ugrožavajuće stanje koje se javlja sa incidencom od 64% kod dece izmedju 1. i 3. godine života. Prikaz slučaja: Dečak uzrasta 2 godine, hospitalizovan je zbog kašlja, naglo nastalog otoka vrata, otežanog disanja i uznemirenosti. Mesec dana pre aktuelne hospitalizacije, dete je lečeno zbog akutne respiratorne infekcije gornjih disajnih puteva. Dete tokom pregleda agitirano, kašlje uporno, nadražajno, povremeno promuklo. Evidentan otok na vratu i gornjim partijama grudnog koša, levo više izražen uz palpatorno prisutne fine krepitacije. Na prijemu auskultacijski nalaz nad plućima u vidu diskretne asimetrije u disajnom zvuku, desno slabije čujno disanje uz monofoni visokotonski vizing bazalno. Na radiografiji grudnog koša uočena hiperinflacija desno uz parakardijalnu konsolidaciju desno i subkutani emfizem na vratu i grudnom košu. Laboratorijske analize u referentnim granicama. Zbog sumnje na aspiraciju stranog tela načinjena je bronhoskopija, uočeno je strano telo na ušću bronha za srednji i donji režanj desno i izvršena ekstrakcija istog. Nakon uspešnog uklanjanja aspiriranog sadržaja, dete je klinički stabilno otpušteno iz jedinice intenzivne nege. Zaključak: Klinički nalaz aspiracije stranog tela zavisi od nivoa na kojoj se opstrukcija disajnog puta dogodila. Najveći broj pacijenata ispoljava paroksizmalni kašalj, dok respirtorni distres i cijanoza ukazuju na opstrukciju većeg disajnog puta kada je neophodna hitna intervencija. Ponekada prolongiran nalaz na plućima uz kliničke simptome ukazuje na previd aspiracije stranog tela kada se mogu očekivati komplikacije.
{"title":"RETKA KOMPLIKACIJA ASPIRACIJE STRANOG TELA KOD DECE","authors":"Dijana Manić, Dejan Milojević, Vladana Nikolić, Maja Slavković Jovanović, S. Živanović","doi":"10.46793/pp240208021m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240208021m","url":null,"abstract":"Uvod: Prisustvo stranog tela u disajnim putevima je životno ugrožavajuće stanje koje se javlja sa incidencom od 64% kod dece izmedju 1. i 3. godine života.\u0000Prikaz slučaja: Dečak uzrasta 2 godine, hospitalizovan je zbog kašlja, naglo nastalog otoka vrata, otežanog disanja i uznemirenosti. Mesec dana pre aktuelne hospitalizacije, dete je lečeno zbog akutne respiratorne infekcije gornjih disajnih puteva. Dete tokom pregleda agitirano, kašlje uporno, nadražajno, povremeno promuklo. Evidentan otok na vratu i gornjim partijama grudnog koša, levo više izražen uz palpatorno prisutne fine krepitacije. Na prijemu auskultacijski nalaz nad plućima u vidu diskretne asimetrije u disajnom zvuku, desno slabije čujno disanje uz monofoni visokotonski vizing bazalno. Na radiografiji grudnog koša uočena hiperinflacija desno uz parakardijalnu konsolidaciju desno i subkutani emfizem na vratu i grudnom košu. Laboratorijske analize u referentnim granicama. Zbog sumnje na aspiraciju stranog tela načinjena je bronhoskopija, uočeno je strano telo na ušću bronha za srednji i donji režanj desno i izvršena ekstrakcija istog. Nakon uspešnog uklanjanja aspiriranog sadržaja, dete je klinički stabilno otpušteno iz jedinice intenzivne nege.\u0000Zaključak: Klinički nalaz aspiracije stranog tela zavisi od nivoa na kojoj se opstrukcija disajnog puta dogodila. Najveći broj pacijenata ispoljava paroksizmalni kašalj, dok respirtorni distres i cijanoza ukazuju na opstrukciju većeg disajnog puta kada je neophodna hitna intervencija. Ponekada prolongiran nalaz na plućima uz kliničke simptome ukazuje na previd aspiracije stranog tela kada se mogu očekivati komplikacije. ","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uvod. Pertusis, poznat i kao veliki kašalj, je akutna zarazna respiratorna bolest koju izaziva bakterija Bordetella pertussis. To je jedina vakcinom preventabilna bolest koja beleži porast obolelih u svetu i pored visokog obuhvata dece vakcinacijom. Bolest se prenosi kapljičnim putem, a klinički simptomi variraju od uzrasta. Najugroženija su novorođenčad i odojčad mlađa od dva meseca, koja zbog uzrasta ne mogu biti vakcinisana. Pravovremena imunizacija vakcinom uz obuhvat od 95% populacije je najefikasnija mera zaštite protiv pertusisa. Prema podacima Instituta za javno zdravlje Srbije "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", u Srbiji je tokom 2023. godine zabeleženo 909 slučajeva velikog kašlja. Prikaz serije slučaja. Opisali smo seriju od sedam potvrđenih slučajeva pertusisa u primarnoj pedijatrijskoj praksi, tokom oktobra i novembra meseca 2023. Dvoje od sedmoro pacijenata su odojčad, od kojih je jedno nevakcinisano a drugo je dobilo samo jednu dozu iz primoserije petovalentne vakcine. Četvoro pacijenta su deca školskog uzrasta, redovno vakcinisana za uzrast, ali je kod njih od poslednje doze vakcine prošlo više od deset godina. Svi su imali simptome kašlja sa paroksizmima i postusivnim povraćanjem, a u nalazu krvne slike bila im je prisutna leukocitoza sa dominantnom limfocitozom. Kod petoro je postavljena dijagnoza PCR dijagnostikom, a kod dvoje pacijenata serološkim analizama. Dvoje nevakcinisane i nepotpuno vakcinisane odojčadi zahtevalo je hopitalizaciju. Kod svih pacijenta je došlo do postepene i potpune regresije simptoma tokom 6 nedelja. Zaključak. Veliki kašalj nije zaboravljena bolest. Prevencija, rano otkrivanje i prepoznavanje obolelih kao izvora infekcije su od suštinskog značaju u suzbijanju epidemije pertusisa.
导言百日咳又称百日咳，是由百日咳杆菌引起的一种急性呼吸道疾病。 尽管疫苗接种率很高，但它是世界上唯一一种可通过疫苗预防的疾病，且发病率呈上升趋势。该病通过点滴传播，临床症状因生长情况而异。风险最大的是新生儿和两个月以下的婴儿，他们因生长发育而无法接种疫苗。目前，95% 的人口接种疫苗是预防百日咳的最有效措施。Prema podacima Instituta za javno zdravlje Srbije "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", u Srbiji je tokom 2023. godine zabeleženoeno 909 slučajeva velikog kashlja.我们描述了 2023 年 10 月和 11 月在初级儿科临床中发现的七例百日咳确诊病例。 七名患者中有两名是婴儿，其中一名未接种疫苗，另一名只接种过一剂五价疫苗。四名患者是学龄儿童，他们从小就定期接种疫苗，或距上次接种疫苗已超过十年。四名患者均为学龄儿童，他们在儿童时期定期接种疫苗，或距上次接种疫苗已有十年以上的时间。五名患者通过聚合酶链式反应（PCR）确诊，两名患者通过血清学分析确诊。两名未接种疫苗的婴儿和两名接种疫苗的婴儿需要住院治疗。所有患者的症状都在发病后 6 周内消失。大面积咳嗽并不是一种痛苦。预防、早期发现和确定患者的感染源是防治百日咳流行的关键所在。
{"title":"VELIKI KAŠALJ NIJE ZABORAVLJENA BOLEST","authors":"Mirjana Makević Đurić, M. Đurić, D. Radojičić","doi":"10.46793/pp240125014m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/pp240125014m","url":null,"abstract":"Uvod. Pertusis, poznat i kao veliki kašalj, je akutna zarazna respiratorna bolest koju izaziva bakterija Bordetella pertussis. To je jedina vakcinom preventabilna bolest koja beleži porast obolelih u svetu i pored visokog obuhvata dece vakcinacijom. Bolest se prenosi kapljičnim putem, a klinički simptomi variraju od uzrasta. Najugroženija su novorođenčad i odojčad mlađa od dva meseca, koja zbog uzrasta ne mogu biti vakcinisana. Pravovremena imunizacija vakcinom uz obuhvat od 95% populacije je najefikasnija mera zaštite protiv pertusisa. Prema podacima Instituta za javno zdravlje Srbije \"Dr Milan Jovanović Batut\", u Srbiji je tokom 2023. godine zabeleženo 909 slučajeva velikog kašlja.\u0000Prikaz serije slučaja. Opisali smo seriju od sedam potvrđenih slučajeva pertusisa u primarnoj pedijatrijskoj praksi, tokom oktobra i novembra meseca 2023. Dvoje od sedmoro pacijenata su odojčad, od kojih je jedno nevakcinisano a drugo je dobilo samo jednu dozu iz primoserije petovalentne vakcine. Četvoro pacijenta su deca školskog uzrasta, redovno vakcinisana za uzrast, ali je kod njih od poslednje doze vakcine prošlo više od deset godina. Svi su imali simptome kašlja sa paroksizmima i postusivnim povraćanjem, a u nalazu krvne slike bila im je prisutna leukocitoza sa dominantnom limfocitozom. Kod petoro je postavljena dijagnoza PCR dijagnostikom, a kod dvoje pacijenata serološkim analizama. Dvoje nevakcinisane i nepotpuno vakcinisane odojčadi zahtevalo je hopitalizaciju. Kod svih pacijenta je došlo do postepene i potpune regresije simptoma tokom 6 nedelja.\u0000Zaključak. Veliki kašalj nije zaboravljena bolest. Prevencija, rano otkrivanje i prepoznavanje obolelih kao izvora infekcije su od suštinskog značaju u suzbijanju epidemije pertusisa.","PeriodicalId":517496,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Paediatrics","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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