Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2299786
Meng Tang, Yang Shen, Cheng Cheng
{"title":"Intra-clan marriage in modern times: the role of elite education in assortative mating","authors":"Meng Tang, Yang Shen, Cheng Cheng","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2299786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2299786","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"69 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2292535
Shuyang Dong, Nirmala Rao
{"title":"The double burden of malnutrition among young Chinese children: a hierarchical structure of socioeconomic inequality indicators","authors":"Shuyang Dong, Nirmala Rao","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2292535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2292535","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138972822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2283894
Duoduo Xu, Jiao Guo, Karen Ka Han Li, Lucy P. Jordan
Abstract Prior research explored the individual contributions of grandparents, domestic workers, and preschool institutions in supporting maternal employment, yet few have examined them simultaneously. More importantly, the increasing diversity and multiplicity in childcare arrangement throughout different stages of childrearing has been largely overlooked. Utilizing data from the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD), this study examines the effects of diverse childcare combinations on women’s labor supply from a life course perspective. Our findings reveal that mothers with younger children are considerably less likely to remain in the workforce and work fewer hours than their childless counterparts. Nevertheless, grandparental co-residence, outsourcing and center-based care can all significantly alleviate such motherhood penalty, albeit to different extents. Notably, during the initial years of motherhood, solely relying on either grandparental care or center-based care yields limited effects, but these options become advantageous for mothers when paired with assistance from domestic workers. These findings highlight the potential for policy interventions that directly subsidize parents for marketized approaches to childcare, particularly in societies experiencing a decline in multigenerational households and rising costs for formal childcare.
{"title":"Who cares? Childcare support and women’s labor supply in Hong Kong","authors":"Duoduo Xu, Jiao Guo, Karen Ka Han Li, Lucy P. Jordan","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2283894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2283894","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prior research explored the individual contributions of grandparents, domestic workers, and preschool institutions in supporting maternal employment, yet few have examined them simultaneously. More importantly, the increasing diversity and multiplicity in childcare arrangement throughout different stages of childrearing has been largely overlooked. Utilizing data from the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD), this study examines the effects of diverse childcare combinations on women’s labor supply from a life course perspective. Our findings reveal that mothers with younger children are considerably less likely to remain in the workforce and work fewer hours than their childless counterparts. Nevertheless, grandparental co-residence, outsourcing and center-based care can all significantly alleviate such motherhood penalty, albeit to different extents. Notably, during the initial years of motherhood, solely relying on either grandparental care or center-based care yields limited effects, but these options become advantageous for mothers when paired with assistance from domestic workers. These findings highlight the potential for policy interventions that directly subsidize parents for marketized approaches to childcare, particularly in societies experiencing a decline in multigenerational households and rising costs for formal childcare.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"70 2","pages":"30 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2283215
Long Zhang, Xiaoli Tian
Why do frontline administrators, as liable representatives of the hospital, sometimes neglect the interests of the hospital when handling medical disputes and help complainants? Fieldwork in a tert...
{"title":"Defending the hospital or supporting the complainant: morality in medical disputes","authors":"Long Zhang, Xiaoli Tian","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2283215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2283215","url":null,"abstract":"Why do frontline administrators, as liable representatives of the hospital, sometimes neglect the interests of the hospital when handling medical disputes and help complainants? Fieldwork in a tert...","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2256022
Yuying Tong, Jenny Xin Li
AbstractPrevious studies conducted in the West have documented the positive role played by gender egalitarian attitudes in determining the academic performances of girls. However, there remains a deficit of studies investigating whether and how different dimensions of gender egalitarian attitudes held by adolescents relate to their academic performance in rural settings. A study of this kind is important in contexts where it is more difficult for adolescents to transcend stereotypes and traditional gender roles. Using data collected from rural China and school-level fixed effect models, this study considers students’ gender egalitarian attitudes along two dimensions: family and ability. Our results showed that egalitarian attitudes toward ability play a significant role in helping girls narrow the gap with boys in math. Further analysis showed that study time allocation partially explains the positive relationship between egalitarian attitudes toward ability and girls’ math scores as well as their overall academic performance. Future policy initiatives could focus on enhancing gender equality awareness among rural children. AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Except for one county in Shaanxi province, where only two schools were selected.2 Apart from two schools in Anhui province, where only two classes were selected.3 If mid-term exam test scores were not available at the time of survey, students in some schools were asked to fill in their test scores from the final exams in the previous semester or from the monthly exams.4 In CEPS, the scores were standardized in terms of school or grade. Since the data in our study only sampled one class from each grade, the scores were standardized in terms of class.5 The item “men are naturally more competent than women” has a loading higher than 0.5 in both Factor 1 (family roles) and Factor 2 (ability). We decided to categorize it under ability so that each scale is composed of the five items with the highest loadings in the respective factor. Second, although the item has a loading higher than 0.5 in Factor 1, its loading is lower compared to the other five items.6 Then we follow up with the Sobel test to determine whether the mediation is significant (the results are shown in Table A2 of the appendix).7 We assess language performance using exclusively Chinese scores because it is a core and foundational subject. While English is also an important subject, it is a second language. The quality of English education in rural areas tends to be lower, and students’ learning may be influenced more by other factors, such as family environment.8 We conducted the Sobel test for the two sets of models as an extra step to verify the significance of the mediation (the results are shown in Table A2 of the appendix). Given that the Sobe
{"title":"Gender egalitarian attitudes toward family roles and ability, study time, and the academic performance of rural Chinese adolescents","authors":"Yuying Tong, Jenny Xin Li","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2256022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2256022","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractPrevious studies conducted in the West have documented the positive role played by gender egalitarian attitudes in determining the academic performances of girls. However, there remains a deficit of studies investigating whether and how different dimensions of gender egalitarian attitudes held by adolescents relate to their academic performance in rural settings. A study of this kind is important in contexts where it is more difficult for adolescents to transcend stereotypes and traditional gender roles. Using data collected from rural China and school-level fixed effect models, this study considers students’ gender egalitarian attitudes along two dimensions: family and ability. Our results showed that egalitarian attitudes toward ability play a significant role in helping girls narrow the gap with boys in math. Further analysis showed that study time allocation partially explains the positive relationship between egalitarian attitudes toward ability and girls’ math scores as well as their overall academic performance. Future policy initiatives could focus on enhancing gender equality awareness among rural children. AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Except for one county in Shaanxi province, where only two schools were selected.2 Apart from two schools in Anhui province, where only two classes were selected.3 If mid-term exam test scores were not available at the time of survey, students in some schools were asked to fill in their test scores from the final exams in the previous semester or from the monthly exams.4 In CEPS, the scores were standardized in terms of school or grade. Since the data in our study only sampled one class from each grade, the scores were standardized in terms of class.5 The item “men are naturally more competent than women” has a loading higher than 0.5 in both Factor 1 (family roles) and Factor 2 (ability). We decided to categorize it under ability so that each scale is composed of the five items with the highest loadings in the respective factor. Second, although the item has a loading higher than 0.5 in Factor 1, its loading is lower compared to the other five items.6 Then we follow up with the Sobel test to determine whether the mediation is significant (the results are shown in Table A2 of the appendix).7 We assess language performance using exclusively Chinese scores because it is a core and foundational subject. While English is also an important subject, it is a second language. The quality of English education in rural areas tends to be lower, and students’ learning may be influenced more by other factors, such as family environment.8 We conducted the Sobel test for the two sets of models as an extra step to verify the significance of the mediation (the results are shown in Table A2 of the appendix). Given that the Sobe","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134913178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2243377
Ling Zhu
{"title":"Spatial mobility as a governance tool in the Chinese bureaucracy: mechanisms, patterns, and distributions","authors":"Ling Zhu","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2243377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2243377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47233286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2249589
H. Cebolla-Boado, Yasemin Nuhoglu Soysal
Abstract Research on migration is shifting from comparisons between migrants and non-migrants in destination countries to a multi-sited origin-destination perspective, which allows us to address the issue of migrant selectivity. Selectivity implies that migration results from a systematic bias according to which emigrants differ from non-migrants in origin. The literature on selectivity has overlooked educational migrants, an important contributor to the flow of highly skilled international migration. We investigate whether international students in tertiary education replicate the pattern of positive selection that is systematically found among the general migrant population. Our paper compares leavers and stayers using social background and selected individuality traits to study this phenomenon. Using the first large-scale representative survey of Chinese students enrolled in tertiary education in China, Germany, and the UK, we provide two critical findings. Firstly, we find a pattern of hyper-selection by social background among Chinese students abroad compared with stayers at home, although international education is a more democratic phenomenon than is generally believed. Secondly, we find that selection in terms of “unobservable” individuality traits is rather modest.
{"title":"Selectivity among educational migrants? A multi-sited investigation","authors":"H. Cebolla-Boado, Yasemin Nuhoglu Soysal","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2249589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2249589","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research on migration is shifting from comparisons between migrants and non-migrants in destination countries to a multi-sited origin-destination perspective, which allows us to address the issue of migrant selectivity. Selectivity implies that migration results from a systematic bias according to which emigrants differ from non-migrants in origin. The literature on selectivity has overlooked educational migrants, an important contributor to the flow of highly skilled international migration. We investigate whether international students in tertiary education replicate the pattern of positive selection that is systematically found among the general migrant population. Our paper compares leavers and stayers using social background and selected individuality traits to study this phenomenon. Using the first large-scale representative survey of Chinese students enrolled in tertiary education in China, Germany, and the UK, we provide two critical findings. Firstly, we find a pattern of hyper-selection by social background among Chinese students abroad compared with stayers at home, although international education is a more democratic phenomenon than is generally believed. Secondly, we find that selection in terms of “unobservable” individuality traits is rather modest.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"442 - 466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42911347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2243027
Shichao Du
Abstract The disparity in marriage timing between migrants and non-migrants in China has been detected. One of the explanations for this inequality is the hukou status. Yet, this explanation neglects a special type of migrants: those who have earned a local hukou. This study specifies non-hukou migrants, hukou converters, and local residents in Shanghai, and compares their marriage timing and pathways. Using discrete-time event analyses, this study finds that both non-hukou migrants and new Shanghainese (hukou migrants) are more likely to have a delayed marriage than their local counterparts, showing that hukou preference is not the sole explanation for marital inequality in China. Further estimations reveal that new Shanghainese spend a longer time entering a network-introduced marriage while they exhibit no difference in the timing of self-initiated marriages than local Shanghainese. The results indicate that hukou migrants are not deprioritizing marriage, but they lack social connections to the local marriage market. Non-hukou migrants encounter double disadvantages of lacking a local hukou and local social connections. Social networks are an alternative lens other than the hukou status to understanding marital disparities among migrants and non-migrants in China.
{"title":"Timing and pathways: differences in marriage behavior among migrants and local Shanghainese born in 1980–1989","authors":"Shichao Du","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2243027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2243027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The disparity in marriage timing between migrants and non-migrants in China has been detected. One of the explanations for this inequality is the hukou status. Yet, this explanation neglects a special type of migrants: those who have earned a local hukou. This study specifies non-hukou migrants, hukou converters, and local residents in Shanghai, and compares their marriage timing and pathways. Using discrete-time event analyses, this study finds that both non-hukou migrants and new Shanghainese (hukou migrants) are more likely to have a delayed marriage than their local counterparts, showing that hukou preference is not the sole explanation for marital inequality in China. Further estimations reveal that new Shanghainese spend a longer time entering a network-introduced marriage while they exhibit no difference in the timing of self-initiated marriages than local Shanghainese. The results indicate that hukou migrants are not deprioritizing marriage, but they lack social connections to the local marriage market. Non-hukou migrants encounter double disadvantages of lacking a local hukou and local social connections. Social networks are an alternative lens other than the hukou status to understanding marital disparities among migrants and non-migrants in China.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"413 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44949919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2023.2213431
Yunsong Chen, Guodong Ju
Abstract Population density affects human behavior. A dense population has been shown to exacerbate impulses such as, “fight” (aggression stimulated by crowding) or “flight” (withdrawal from social life for escape). This paper explores the impact of population density on the level of generalized trust that lies in China, a topic understated by extant empirical studies so far. Drawing data from Chinese General Social Survey (2010–2013), we attempt to examine the density-trust link. China provides a context-specific case because: (1) the narrow “radius” of generalized trust (people’s notion of “most people” is more in-group connoted than out-group connoted) derived from Confucian tradition decreases the probability of interacting with out-group members, suggesting that both “fight” and “flight” that rely on out-group interactions have little effect in this context, and (2) hukou (household registration) restrictions force rural-to-urban migrants into the secondary labor market, leading to social segregation producing distrust in cities. The results of hierarchical models on data from 17,331 individuals and panel models on data from four waves of 114 counties both revealed that (1) population density negatively predicts the level of generalized trust among urban residents and (2) it is “friction,” or occupational segregation by hukou restrictions, that mediates the density-trust relation, neither “fight” nor “flight” does.
{"title":"Fight, flight or friction? The effect of population density on general trust in China","authors":"Yunsong Chen, Guodong Ju","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2023.2213431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2023.2213431","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Population density affects human behavior. A dense population has been shown to exacerbate impulses such as, “fight” (aggression stimulated by crowding) or “flight” (withdrawal from social life for escape). This paper explores the impact of population density on the level of generalized trust that lies in China, a topic understated by extant empirical studies so far. Drawing data from Chinese General Social Survey (2010–2013), we attempt to examine the density-trust link. China provides a context-specific case because: (1) the narrow “radius” of generalized trust (people’s notion of “most people” is more in-group connoted than out-group connoted) derived from Confucian tradition decreases the probability of interacting with out-group members, suggesting that both “fight” and “flight” that rely on out-group interactions have little effect in this context, and (2) hukou (household registration) restrictions force rural-to-urban migrants into the secondary labor market, leading to social segregation producing distrust in cities. The results of hierarchical models on data from 17,331 individuals and panel models on data from four waves of 114 counties both revealed that (1) population density negatively predicts the level of generalized trust among urban residents and (2) it is “friction,” or occupational segregation by hukou restrictions, that mediates the density-trust relation, neither “fight” nor “flight” does.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41960082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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