Rafael Ramírez Eudave, T. Ferreira, P. Lourenço, F. Peña, M. Chávez
Adobe properties are highly dependent on the local soil composition and can vary significantly depending on fabrication techniques, configurations and state of conservation. The effect of the 2017 Earthquakes in Mexico relaunched the discussion regarding the adequacy and safety of adobe-based constructions – a debate that involves many economic, cultural and social facets related to the vernacular expressions and ways of life, long-time sustainability and risk management. In an effort to contribute to this, the present article includes and discusses a series of experiments performed in typologically representative adobe constructions in the municipality of Tepoztlán (State of Morelos, Mexico). A campaign of ultrasonic pulse velocity tests was conducted in thirteen historical buildings with the objective of assessing the variability of the adobe material present in those buildings. Some adobe units were then collected and tested in the laboratory to assess their compressive strength and stress/strain behaviour. From these two sets of experiments, it was possible to obtain valuable insights into the mechanical properties of the adobe that constitute the characteristic housing typology in the region.
{"title":"Mechanical characterisation of adobe samples from the state of Morelos, Mexico","authors":"Rafael Ramírez Eudave, T. Ferreira, P. Lourenço, F. Peña, M. Chávez","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.23.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.23.00021","url":null,"abstract":"Adobe properties are highly dependent on the local soil composition and can vary significantly depending on fabrication techniques, configurations and state of conservation. The effect of the 2017 Earthquakes in Mexico relaunched the discussion regarding the adequacy and safety of adobe-based constructions – a debate that involves many economic, cultural and social facets related to the vernacular expressions and ways of life, long-time sustainability and risk management. In an effort to contribute to this, the present article includes and discusses a series of experiments performed in typologically representative adobe constructions in the municipality of Tepoztlán (State of Morelos, Mexico). A campaign of ultrasonic pulse velocity tests was conducted in thirteen historical buildings with the objective of assessing the variability of the adobe material present in those buildings. Some adobe units were then collected and tested in the laboratory to assess their compressive strength and stress/strain behaviour. From these two sets of experiments, it was possible to obtain valuable insights into the mechanical properties of the adobe that constitute the characteristic housing typology in the region.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89450869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an attractive reinforcement material for several composites. This is due to their inherently high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity. This study looked at the nanomechanical characteristics of cement paste with and without short multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The objective behind studying the nanomechanical properties of cement paste is to better understand the fundamental behaviour of cement at the nanoscale level. Cement paste is a complex material that consists of various phases, including cement hydrates, un-hydrated cement particles, and porosity. By studying the mechanical properties of cement paste at the nanoscale, researchers can gain insights into the mechanisms that govern the behaviour of this material. Following earlier tests, the amount of MWCNTs was kept constant (0.30% by weight of cement). Nanomechanical parameters explored include localised Young's modulus and hardness. According to test results, short MWCNTs increased the proportion of high-density calcium silicate hydrate in cement paste. The nanomechanical properties (localised Young's modulus and hardness) of cement paste with short MWCNTs was found to be greater than that of cement paste without MWCNTs. According to nano-scratching experiments the cement matrix with short MWCNTs is substantially more durable than the matrix without them.
{"title":"Nanoindentation and nano-scratch studies on cement paste containing short MWCNTs","authors":"S. Barbhuiya, B. B. Das","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00054","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an attractive reinforcement material for several composites. This is due to their inherently high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity. This study looked at the nanomechanical characteristics of cement paste with and without short multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The objective behind studying the nanomechanical properties of cement paste is to better understand the fundamental behaviour of cement at the nanoscale level. Cement paste is a complex material that consists of various phases, including cement hydrates, un-hydrated cement particles, and porosity. By studying the mechanical properties of cement paste at the nanoscale, researchers can gain insights into the mechanisms that govern the behaviour of this material. Following earlier tests, the amount of MWCNTs was kept constant (0.30% by weight of cement). Nanomechanical parameters explored include localised Young's modulus and hardness. According to test results, short MWCNTs increased the proportion of high-density calcium silicate hydrate in cement paste. The nanomechanical properties (localised Young's modulus and hardness) of cement paste with short MWCNTs was found to be greater than that of cement paste without MWCNTs. According to nano-scratching experiments the cement matrix with short MWCNTs is substantially more durable than the matrix without them.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"302 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89040713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance of pervious concrete was observed for different cloggers like Sand (S), Clay (C) and their combination (S&C). The clogging potential of pervious concrete was determined by simulating natural clogging conditions on cylindrical specimens with a sediment load of 50, 150, and 200 grammes for S, C, and combined S & C laden runoff cycles, respectively. Furthermore, this study was extended to observe the recovery rate of infiltration using rehabilitation techniques such as vacuuming (V), Pressure Washing (P) and Vacuuming Followed by Pressure Washing (VP). It was observed from the results that combined (S & C) clogger shows overall critical results of clogging as 80% of the clogging was seen in 3 to 4 cycles. However, cloggers S and C shows 80% of clogging after 7 and 8 cycles. Moreover, among rehabilitation techniques, V shows average recovery rate of 52%, 75% and 76% for C, S and S & C cloggers. An average recovery rate of 63%, 71%, and 71% was seen for C, S and S & C cloggers on applying P technique. However, VP shows a maximum recovery rate of 78%, 77% and 64% against C, S and S & C cloggers.
{"title":"Clogging and rehabilitation performance of pervious concrete","authors":"M. Nazeer, K. Kapoor, S. Singh","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00099","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of pervious concrete was observed for different cloggers like Sand (S), Clay (C) and their combination (S&C). The clogging potential of pervious concrete was determined by simulating natural clogging conditions on cylindrical specimens with a sediment load of 50, 150, and 200 grammes for S, C, and combined S & C laden runoff cycles, respectively. Furthermore, this study was extended to observe the recovery rate of infiltration using rehabilitation techniques such as vacuuming (V), Pressure Washing (P) and Vacuuming Followed by Pressure Washing (VP). It was observed from the results that combined (S & C) clogger shows overall critical results of clogging as 80% of the clogging was seen in 3 to 4 cycles. However, cloggers S and C shows 80% of clogging after 7 and 8 cycles. Moreover, among rehabilitation techniques, V shows average recovery rate of 52%, 75% and 76% for C, S and S & C cloggers. An average recovery rate of 63%, 71%, and 71% was seen for C, S and S & C cloggers on applying P technique. However, VP shows a maximum recovery rate of 78%, 77% and 64% against C, S and S & C cloggers.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83700025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Goufi Nourredine, Kaid Nouria, Kerdal Djamel Eddine, Idir Rachida
The present paper describes the potential use of NP from Algeria for the production of a new AAB. CEMII 42.5 cement is added to the NP as calcium resource. The mixtures are then activated by NaOH, Na2SO4 and Na2SiO3 at concentrations of 3, 7 and 11%. The chemical activators are both added in liquid and/or solid form to develop a one-part alkali-activated material. XRD, ATG/ATD and SEM/EDS are used to assess microstructure and elemental composition of the hydration products. Fresh properties, such as, consistency and setting time of various mixtures and compressive strengths of AABs specimens cured for 7, 28, 90 and 420 days are determined. The cement carbon footprint vs strength ratio (kg·CO2·eq/MPa) is suggested as an indicator to highlight the environmental contribution of the AABs. The results indicate that AABs show different strength levels depending on the activator type and its concentration. Maximum 28-day compressive strength of 25.2 MPa is achieved with 7 % Na2SiO3. A high early strength development is also noted since more than 50% of the strength could be achieved within 7 days. Finally, the environmental advantage is demonstrated as the global warning of the AABs can be 70% lower than that of OPC.
{"title":"Sustainable cementitious materials: exploring alkali-activated binders with natural pozzolan","authors":"Goufi Nourredine, Kaid Nouria, Kerdal Djamel Eddine, Idir Rachida","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00037","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper describes the potential use of NP from Algeria for the production of a new AAB. CEMII 42.5 cement is added to the NP as calcium resource. The mixtures are then activated by NaOH, Na2SO4 and Na2SiO3 at concentrations of 3, 7 and 11%. The chemical activators are both added in liquid and/or solid form to develop a one-part alkali-activated material. XRD, ATG/ATD and SEM/EDS are used to assess microstructure and elemental composition of the hydration products. Fresh properties, such as, consistency and setting time of various mixtures and compressive strengths of AABs specimens cured for 7, 28, 90 and 420 days are determined. The cement carbon footprint vs strength ratio (kg·CO2·eq/MPa) is suggested as an indicator to highlight the environmental contribution of the AABs. The results indicate that AABs show different strength levels depending on the activator type and its concentration. Maximum 28-day compressive strength of 25.2 MPa is achieved with 7 % Na2SiO3. A high early strength development is also noted since more than 50% of the strength could be achieved within 7 days. Finally, the environmental advantage is demonstrated as the global warning of the AABs can be 70% lower than that of OPC.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90382241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The global shortage of regular construction materials has encouraged researchers to find out an alternative, and crushed over-burnt brick aggregates (COBBA) can be a suitable option. This study aims to use COBBA in pervious concrete (PC) and checks the effect of compaction on the properties of PC. Pervious concrete is desired to have a sufficient amount of voids, while it is also expected to have some strength. This study particularly focuses on this bi-functional aspect through several experimental tests. The compaction is done with a standard Proctor hammer by varying the number of blows. For larger aggregates, PC made with 40 compaction blows showed compressive strength and porosity of about 12 MPa and 15%, respectively, whereas, for smaller aggregates, PC made with only 25 blows can show a compressive strength of around 16 MPa and a porosity value of about 18%. Based on porosity, permeability, and compressive strength, the optimum number of compaction blows is also identified for various sizes of coarse aggregate. Finally, statistical analysis is carried out and some equations are proposed to estimate the pore parameters and strength of the PC mix made with COBBA with an accuracy of about 97-98%.
{"title":"Role of compaction on the properties of pervious concrete made with local aggregates","authors":"B. Debnath, P. P. Sarkar, Plaban Deb","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.23.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.23.00024","url":null,"abstract":"The global shortage of regular construction materials has encouraged researchers to find out an alternative, and crushed over-burnt brick aggregates (COBBA) can be a suitable option. This study aims to use COBBA in pervious concrete (PC) and checks the effect of compaction on the properties of PC. Pervious concrete is desired to have a sufficient amount of voids, while it is also expected to have some strength. This study particularly focuses on this bi-functional aspect through several experimental tests. The compaction is done with a standard Proctor hammer by varying the number of blows. For larger aggregates, PC made with 40 compaction blows showed compressive strength and porosity of about 12 MPa and 15%, respectively, whereas, for smaller aggregates, PC made with only 25 blows can show a compressive strength of around 16 MPa and a porosity value of about 18%. Based on porosity, permeability, and compressive strength, the optimum number of compaction blows is also identified for various sizes of coarse aggregate. Finally, statistical analysis is carried out and some equations are proposed to estimate the pore parameters and strength of the PC mix made with COBBA with an accuracy of about 97-98%.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89847454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of aggregates used in plastering mortar contributes to its quality. This work evaluates the suitability of two grades of sand, sharp sand collected along active/old river courses and plastering sand collected from burrow pits, as plastering materials. X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to access their mineralogy, major, minor, and trace element components. Grain size distribution analysis, natural moisture content, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, matric suction and permeability tests were also carried out on the sand samples. In both sands, silica (SiO2) content was more than 80%. The plastering sand exists at a higher natural moisture content than the sharp sand. The fines modulus ranges from 1.79 to 2.06 and 0.76 to 1.44, respectively, in sharp sand and plastering sand. The permeability coefficients and matric suction of sharp sand are larger than those of plastering sand. This implies that sharp sand will allow easier water passage through its pore spaces, therefore tending to exist in a dryer state than plastering sand. Sharp sand may be suitable for plastering because the test results are within the acceptable limits for good plastering materials according to national and international standards for good plastering sand.
{"title":"Geological and geotechnical assessment of natural sands in Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"O. O. Owoyemi, L. Afolagboye","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00016","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of aggregates used in plastering mortar contributes to its quality. This work evaluates the suitability of two grades of sand, sharp sand collected along active/old river courses and plastering sand collected from burrow pits, as plastering materials. X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to access their mineralogy, major, minor, and trace element components. Grain size distribution analysis, natural moisture content, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, matric suction and permeability tests were also carried out on the sand samples. In both sands, silica (SiO2) content was more than 80%. The plastering sand exists at a higher natural moisture content than the sharp sand. The fines modulus ranges from 1.79 to 2.06 and 0.76 to 1.44, respectively, in sharp sand and plastering sand. The permeability coefficients and matric suction of sharp sand are larger than those of plastering sand. This implies that sharp sand will allow easier water passage through its pore spaces, therefore tending to exist in a dryer state than plastering sand. Sharp sand may be suitable for plastering because the test results are within the acceptable limits for good plastering materials according to national and international standards for good plastering sand.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88608090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alireza Rashno, Mohamadreza Adlparvar, M. Izadinia
This study focuses on the production of durable and high-quality concrete that aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Specifically, it aims to fulfill SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). However, producing fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance self-compacting concrete (FRUHPSCC) presents a challenge in achieving the desired mechanical properties. As a result, constructing numerous trial samples increases costs and time. To address this issue, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) can accurately predict the FRUHPSCC's mechanical properties. The study utilized garnet and basalt aggregates, nanosilica, steel fiber, and other components to make FRUHPSCC and tested its compressive and tensile strengths and microstructure. By utilizing a dataset of experimental results, five types of ANN were developed with different training algorithms, and five hybridized types of ANN employing the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) predicted the compressive strength of this type of concrete. The results indicated that their predictions were highly accurate, and the hybridization of ANNs with GOA increased prediction accuracy further. Notably, the network combining trainlm and GOA produced the highest prediction accuracy, showing that ANNs can predict FRUHPSCC's compressive strength accurately while reducing production costs and time.
{"title":"Prediction of FRUHPSCC mechanical property using developed hybrid neural networks","authors":"Alireza Rashno, Mohamadreza Adlparvar, M. Izadinia","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00072","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the production of durable and high-quality concrete that aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Specifically, it aims to fulfill SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). However, producing fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance self-compacting concrete (FRUHPSCC) presents a challenge in achieving the desired mechanical properties. As a result, constructing numerous trial samples increases costs and time. To address this issue, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) can accurately predict the FRUHPSCC's mechanical properties. The study utilized garnet and basalt aggregates, nanosilica, steel fiber, and other components to make FRUHPSCC and tested its compressive and tensile strengths and microstructure. By utilizing a dataset of experimental results, five types of ANN were developed with different training algorithms, and five hybridized types of ANN employing the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) predicted the compressive strength of this type of concrete. The results indicated that their predictions were highly accurate, and the hybridization of ANNs with GOA increased prediction accuracy further. Notably, the network combining trainlm and GOA produced the highest prediction accuracy, showing that ANNs can predict FRUHPSCC's compressive strength accurately while reducing production costs and time.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91054339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stainless steel reinforcement has becoming increasingly popular in the construction industry in recent years owing mainly to its distinctive characteristics and excellent mechanical properties. There is a real need to develop a fundamental understanding of the bond behaviour of stainless steel reinforced concrete. This paper investigates the bond behaviour of stainless steel reinforced concrete using the advancement of the artificial neural networks and compares the performance to experimental data available in the literature with reference to existing bond design rules in international design standards. Accordingly, a new bond design formula is proposed to predict the bond strength capacity of stainless steel reinforcement. The results show an excellent agreement between the experimental results and the predictions of the ANN model. Both Eurocode 2 and model code 2010 are shown to be extremely conservative compared with ANN predictions. The proposed ANN-based formula provides an excellent basis for engineers to specify bond strength of stainless steel reinforcement in RC members in an efficient and sustainable manner, with minimal wastage of materials.
{"title":"Prediction of the bond strength capacity of stainless steel reinforcement using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"M. Rabi","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00098","url":null,"abstract":"Stainless steel reinforcement has becoming increasingly popular in the construction industry in recent years owing mainly to its distinctive characteristics and excellent mechanical properties. There is a real need to develop a fundamental understanding of the bond behaviour of stainless steel reinforced concrete. This paper investigates the bond behaviour of stainless steel reinforced concrete using the advancement of the artificial neural networks and compares the performance to experimental data available in the literature with reference to existing bond design rules in international design standards. Accordingly, a new bond design formula is proposed to predict the bond strength capacity of stainless steel reinforcement. The results show an excellent agreement between the experimental results and the predictions of the ANN model. Both Eurocode 2 and model code 2010 are shown to be extremely conservative compared with ANN predictions. The proposed ANN-based formula provides an excellent basis for engineers to specify bond strength of stainless steel reinforcement in RC members in an efficient and sustainable manner, with minimal wastage of materials.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91277205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Cunningham, Aldo F. Sosa Gallardo, Andrew S. J. Foster, Alex McDermott, R. Hibberd, Lisa Scullion, C. Dawson, Happiness V. Ijije, Paul Withers
Incorporation of graphene nano-particles in concrete can improve mechanical properties and as a result has received growing attention in the research community. Despite the promise revealed in laboratory trials, there remain significant obstacles to widespread adoption of graphene in concrete at a construction level scale. This briefing paper gives an overview of the key outcomes from a recent experimental campaign and accompanying field trials where pioneering use of graphene enhanced concrete (GEC) has been successfully deployed at scale.
{"title":"Practical application of graphene enhanced concrete","authors":"L. Cunningham, Aldo F. Sosa Gallardo, Andrew S. J. Foster, Alex McDermott, R. Hibberd, Lisa Scullion, C. Dawson, Happiness V. Ijije, Paul Withers","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00068","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporation of graphene nano-particles in concrete can improve mechanical properties and as a result has received growing attention in the research community. Despite the promise revealed in laboratory trials, there remain significant obstacles to widespread adoption of graphene in concrete at a construction level scale. This briefing paper gives an overview of the key outcomes from a recent experimental campaign and accompanying field trials where pioneering use of graphene enhanced concrete (GEC) has been successfully deployed at scale.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85279677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of waste to developing insulation building materials has become a new requirement of green building. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using wheat straw as fillers for making thermal insulation brick to reduce energy loss in buildings. Wheat straw, expanded perlit and asphalt were used to produce straw insulation blocks, and the mix ratio of the used materials was determined using the orthogonal method. The reasonable mixing ratio is as follows: wheat straw content (weight ratio) is 23.8%, expanded perlite content 19.8%, and asphalt content 56.4%. Straw insulation blocks were filled into hollow concrete bricks to prepare straw insulation block core-filled concrete brick (SIBCCB). The density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of SIBCCB were measured. The results indicate that SIBCCB has lightweight, low carbon emissions, good thermal insulation performance, and compression resistance capacity, and is an ideal insulation block for load-bearing lightweight, and non-load-bearing walls.
{"title":"Utilization of Wheat Straw for Concrete Insulation Brick","authors":"Jiming Yin","doi":"10.1680/jcoma.22.00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.22.00075","url":null,"abstract":"The use of waste to developing insulation building materials has become a new requirement of green building. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using wheat straw as fillers for making thermal insulation brick to reduce energy loss in buildings. Wheat straw, expanded perlit and asphalt were used to produce straw insulation blocks, and the mix ratio of the used materials was determined using the orthogonal method. The reasonable mixing ratio is as follows: wheat straw content (weight ratio) is 23.8%, expanded perlite content 19.8%, and asphalt content 56.4%. Straw insulation blocks were filled into hollow concrete bricks to prepare straw insulation block core-filled concrete brick (SIBCCB). The density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of SIBCCB were measured. The results indicate that SIBCCB has lightweight, low carbon emissions, good thermal insulation performance, and compression resistance capacity, and is an ideal insulation block for load-bearing lightweight, and non-load-bearing walls.","PeriodicalId":51787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91174059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：