Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000466
Jay Julienne Knight
The Unlocking HIV Prevention Project was designed and implemented to address missed opportunities to address HIV risks. The project's site noted a gap in the use of an HIV risk assessment tool during primary care visits. The purpose of this quality-improvement project was to determine whether the translation of the Denver HIV Risk Score tool into primary care visits would affect the number of individuals identified as at risk for HIV and increase preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) prescription rates among adults seeking care at an urban Michigan primary care clinic. Data on PrEP prescriptions were collected from the electronic health record before and after implementation of the HIV risk assessment tool. Before implementing this screening tool, no patients were identified as at risk and no prescriptions for PrEP were written. After implementation, 16 patients were identified as at risk with seven prescriptions written. These data suggest that this tool has the potential to improve the identification of patients at risk for HIV who are candidates for PrEP prescribing in primary care.
开启艾滋病毒预防项目的设计和实施旨在解决错失应对艾滋病毒风险机会的问题。该项目的实施地点注意到，在初级保健就诊过程中，艾滋病毒风险评估工具的使用存在差距。该质量改进项目旨在确定将丹佛 HIV 风险评分工具应用到初级保健就诊中是否会影响被确定为 HIV 高危人群的人数，并提高在密歇根州城市初级保健诊所就诊的成年人中接触前预防（PrEP）处方率。我们从电子健康记录中收集了实施 HIV 风险评估工具前后的 PrEP 处方数据。在实施该筛查工具之前，没有患者被确定为高危人群，也没有开具 PrEP 处方。实施后，有 16 名患者被确定为高危人群，并开具了 7 份处方。这些数据表明，该工具有可能提高初级医疗机构对艾滋病高危患者的识别率，这些患者是 PrEP 处方的候选者。
{"title":"Unlocking HIV Prevention in Primary Care: Implementation of the Denver HIV Risk Score Tool in an Urban Michigan Primary Care Setting","authors":"Jay Julienne Knight","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000466","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Unlocking HIV Prevention Project was designed and implemented to address missed opportunities to address HIV risks. The project's site noted a gap in the use of an HIV risk assessment tool during primary care visits. The purpose of this quality-improvement project was to determine whether the translation of the Denver HIV Risk Score tool into primary care visits would affect the number of individuals identified as at risk for HIV and increase preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) prescription rates among adults seeking care at an urban Michigan primary care clinic. Data on PrEP prescriptions were collected from the electronic health record before and after implementation of the HIV risk assessment tool. Before implementing this screening tool, no patients were identified as at risk and no prescriptions for PrEP were written. After implementation, 16 patients were identified as at risk with seven prescriptions written. These data suggest that this tool has the potential to improve the identification of patients at risk for HIV who are candidates for PrEP prescribing in primary care.","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000462
Jodene Jensen, J. Waldrop, Anne Derouin, Amber Siegel
Pneumococcal vaccinations are recommended for adults living with HIV; however, eligibility criteria are complex. At a clinic specializing in the care of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer/questioning persons, only 36% of patients who were vaccine-eligible received the vaccination. A set of decision trees was developed to guide clinic personnel in determining whether a vaccine is recommended. The provider then determined whether the vaccine was appropriate based on each patient's complete clinical presentation. When appropriate, patients were offered the vaccine at the same appointment. This practice change led to a 22% increased vaccination rate.
{"title":"A System Intervention to Increase Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates in Adults Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Who Present for Scheduled Medical Care","authors":"Jodene Jensen, J. Waldrop, Anne Derouin, Amber Siegel","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000462","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pneumococcal vaccinations are recommended for adults living with HIV; however, eligibility criteria are complex. At a clinic specializing in the care of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer/questioning persons, only 36% of patients who were vaccine-eligible received the vaccination. A set of decision trees was developed to guide clinic personnel in determining whether a vaccine is recommended. The provider then determined whether the vaccine was appropriate based on each patient's complete clinical presentation. When appropriate, patients were offered the vaccine at the same appointment. This practice change led to a 22% increased vaccination rate.","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000465
Rachel Jared Mtei, M. Kilonzo, Wei Pan, Diana H. Kisamo, Godfrey Kisigo, Laura Nyblade, Lusajo J. Kajula, Michael V. Relf
There is a shortage of health-related questionnaires developed specifically for African countries' cultural contexts and local languages. Researchers have translated some tools to the target local languages. However, poor-quality or even high-quality translation can lead to an instrument that is not comparable with the original language if linguistic nuances, and cultural differences are not considered. This can affect the validity and reliability of the research data. The objective of this commentary was to highlight limitations of the commonly accepted forward–backward translation approach and the importance of more rigorous cultural and linguistic adaptation processes in social and behavioral research related to HIV.
{"title":"Understanding the Social Dimensions and Context in HIV Research: Instrument Adaptation is More Than Just Translation","authors":"Rachel Jared Mtei, M. Kilonzo, Wei Pan, Diana H. Kisamo, Godfrey Kisigo, Laura Nyblade, Lusajo J. Kajula, Michael V. Relf","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000465","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There is a shortage of health-related questionnaires developed specifically for African countries' cultural contexts and local languages. Researchers have translated some tools to the target local languages. However, poor-quality or even high-quality translation can lead to an instrument that is not comparable with the original language if linguistic nuances, and cultural differences are not considered. This can affect the validity and reliability of the research data. The objective of this commentary was to highlight limitations of the commonly accepted forward–backward translation approach and the importance of more rigorous cultural and linguistic adaptation processes in social and behavioral research related to HIV.","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000474
Shuyu Han, Xiaomeng Wang, Yan Hu, M. Relf, Dalmacio Dennis Flores, Yukun Zhang, Zhongfang Yang, Zhiwen Wang
{"title":"Defining HIV-Related Social Support: What Types of Social Support Do People With HIV Need?","authors":"Shuyu Han, Xiaomeng Wang, Yan Hu, M. Relf, Dalmacio Dennis Flores, Yukun Zhang, Zhongfang Yang, Zhiwen Wang","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000468
Rasheeta D. Chandler, Sheena Warner, Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong, Jessica Wells
The emergence of widely accessible artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots such as ChatGPT presents unique opportunities and challenges in public health self-education. This study examined simulations with ChatGPT for its use in public education of sexual health of Black women, specifically in HIV prevention and/or HIV PrEP use. The research questions guiding the study are as follows: (a) does the information ChatGPT offers about HIV prevention and HIV PrEP differ based on stated race? and (b) how could this relatively new platform inform public health education of Black women educating themselves about sexual health behaviors, diagnoses, and treatments? In addressing these questions, this study also uncovered notable differences in ChatGPT's tone when responding to users based on race. This study described valuable insights that can inform health care professionals, educators, and policymakers, ultimately advancing the cause of sexual health equity for Black women and underscoring the paradigm-shifting potential of AI in the field of public health education.
人工智能聊天机器人（如 ChatGPT）的出现为公共卫生自我教育带来了独特的机遇和挑战。本研究考察了 ChatGPT 在黑人女性性健康公共教育中的模拟使用情况，特别是在 HIV 预防和/或 HIV PrEP 使用方面。指导本研究的研究问题如下：(a) ChatGPT 提供的有关 HIV 预防和 HIV PrEP 的信息是否因所陈述的种族而有所不同？ (b) 这个相对较新的平台如何为黑人妇女的公共健康教育提供信息，使她们了解自己的性健康行为、诊断和治疗？在解决这些问题的过程中，本研究还发现了 ChatGPT 在回应用户时的语气因种族而存在明显差异。这项研究描述了宝贵的见解，可以为医疗保健专业人员、教育工作者和政策制定者提供信息，最终推动黑人女性的性健康平等事业，并强调了人工智能在公共卫生教育领域的范式转换潜力。
{"title":"“What Did You Say, ChatGPT?” The Use of AI in Black Women's HIV Self-Education: An Inductive Qualitative Data Analysis","authors":"Rasheeta D. Chandler, Sheena Warner, Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong, Jessica Wells","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000468","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The emergence of widely accessible artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots such as ChatGPT presents unique opportunities and challenges in public health self-education. This study examined simulations with ChatGPT for its use in public education of sexual health of Black women, specifically in HIV prevention and/or HIV PrEP use. The research questions guiding the study are as follows: (a) does the information ChatGPT offers about HIV prevention and HIV PrEP differ based on stated race? and (b) how could this relatively new platform inform public health education of Black women educating themselves about sexual health behaviors, diagnoses, and treatments? In addressing these questions, this study also uncovered notable differences in ChatGPT's tone when responding to users based on race. This study described valuable insights that can inform health care professionals, educators, and policymakers, ultimately advancing the cause of sexual health equity for Black women and underscoring the paradigm-shifting potential of AI in the field of public health education.","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"78 s2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000477
{"title":"Support Conference Scholarships to ANAC2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000470
Marissa Robinson, Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong, LaRon E Nelson, Michelle Sandoval-Rosario, Brittany M. Williams, Rasheeta D. Chandler
Black women are essential to ending the HIV epidemic in the United States; yet prevention, access, testing, and structural racism affect how HIV disproportionately affects them. Limited public health research focuses on Black women attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and the ability to address HIV prevention, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake. PrEP is a once-daily oral pill used to prevent HIV transmission and has suboptimal uptake within the Black community. This generic qualitative descriptive analysis identifies the barriers and facilitators of PrEP uptake among Black women attending an HBCU using the health belief model. Overall, 22 Black college women participated in a 60-minute focus group. Emergent categories were as follows: (a) Barriers—stigma, cost, and side effects; (b) Facilitators—PrEP's effectiveness, exposure to HIV, and unprotected sex. Our findings can inform future efforts to increase PrEP uptake among Black women attending an HBCU.
{"title":"Navigating Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Access: Qualitative Insights From Black Women at a Northeastern Historically Black College and University","authors":"Marissa Robinson, Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong, LaRon E Nelson, Michelle Sandoval-Rosario, Brittany M. Williams, Rasheeta D. Chandler","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000470","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Black women are essential to ending the HIV epidemic in the United States; yet prevention, access, testing, and structural racism affect how HIV disproportionately affects them. Limited public health research focuses on Black women attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and the ability to address HIV prevention, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake. PrEP is a once-daily oral pill used to prevent HIV transmission and has suboptimal uptake within the Black community. This generic qualitative descriptive analysis identifies the barriers and facilitators of PrEP uptake among Black women attending an HBCU using the health belief model. Overall, 22 Black college women participated in a 60-minute focus group. Emergent categories were as follows: (a) Barriers—stigma, cost, and side effects; (b) Facilitators—PrEP's effectiveness, exposure to HIV, and unprotected sex. Our findings can inform future efforts to increase PrEP uptake among Black women attending an HBCU.","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141032707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000471
Carole Treston, Sheila Tumilty, Rasheeta D. Chandler
{"title":"ANAC Program Report: A Southern Strategy for HIV Prevention and Care","authors":"Carole Treston, Sheila Tumilty, Rasheeta D. Chandler","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000475
Keosha Bond, Wei-Ti Chen, Michele Crespo-Fierro, Schenita Randolph, S. R. Ramos
{"title":"Ending the HIV Epidemic: Disrupting Inequities Through HIV Research Centered on Women and Girls","authors":"Keosha Bond, Wei-Ti Chen, Michele Crespo-Fierro, Schenita Randolph, S. R. Ramos","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000475","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"86 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141034948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000472
M. Gonçalves, Lais Moraes, Ângela Costa Maia
The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore the acceptance of HIV diagnosis of women in stable relationships. Based on eight semistructured interviews with cisgender Portuguese women, thematic analysis identified four interrelated themes that illustrated the emotional and psychosocial dynamics involved in this journey. Following an HIV diagnosis, participants grappled with complex emotions, societal perceptions, and the internalization of stigma. Marital relationships underwent profound changes, with trust breakdown and emotional distancing. Coping mechanisms ranged from seeking support to living in secrecy, which impacted psychological well-being. Acceptance of HIV diagnosis is influenced by self-stigmatization, societal perceptions of HIV, and gender dynamics. The findings contribute to the development of tailored interventions, emphasizing the interconnected nature of physical and psychological well-being in the diagnosis acceptance process.
{"title":"HIV Diagnosis in the Context of Stable Relationships: A Qualitative Study With Women Living in Portugal","authors":"M. Gonçalves, Lais Moraes, Ângela Costa Maia","doi":"10.1097/jnc.0000000000000472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jnc.0000000000000472","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore the acceptance of HIV diagnosis of women in stable relationships. Based on eight semistructured interviews with cisgender Portuguese women, thematic analysis identified four interrelated themes that illustrated the emotional and psychosocial dynamics involved in this journey. Following an HIV diagnosis, participants grappled with complex emotions, societal perceptions, and the internalization of stigma. Marital relationships underwent profound changes, with trust breakdown and emotional distancing. Coping mechanisms ranged from seeking support to living in secrecy, which impacted psychological well-being. Acceptance of HIV diagnosis is influenced by self-stigmatization, societal perceptions of HIV, and gender dynamics. The findings contribute to the development of tailored interventions, emphasizing the interconnected nature of physical and psychological well-being in the diagnosis acceptance process.","PeriodicalId":518032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141050263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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