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The Fight Against Cop City 对抗警察城
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0011
Amna A. Akbar
ABSTRACT:On Saturday, March 4, I arrived at Intrenchment Creek Park in DeKalb County, Georgia, for the first day of a week of action against a $90 million construction project undertaken by the Atlanta Police Foundation—a private entity, backed by local CEOs and political leaders, that advances police interests. The foundation wants to raze eighty-five acres of public forest to build the largest police training facility in the United States, complete with a firing range, a burn building, and a “kill house” designed to mimic urban combat scenarios. It also argues that the facility will boost morale among officers. The size and scale of the project, and the destruction and deforestation it will require, have led a growing number of activists, organizers, and community members to object to what they call “Cop City.” The campaign against Cop City is simultaneously a campaign to defend the Weelaunee Forest, the name used for the area by the Muscogee Creek people forcibly displaced by settlers from the land in the early 1800s before it became the site of the notorious Atlanta Prison Farm. These elements of the campaign—the histories on which it draws, what it’s fighting against and for, who it is bringing together, and how—have given it tremendous staying power despite extraordinary odds.
摘要:3月4日星期六,我来到乔治亚州迪卡尔布县的沟沟溪公园,参加为期一周的反对亚特兰大警察基金会9000万美元建设项目的第一天。亚特兰大警察基金会是一个私人实体,由当地首席执行官和政治领导人支持,旨在促进警察利益。该基金会希望将85英亩的公共森林夷为平地,建造美国最大的警察训练设施,包括一个射击场、一座燃烧大楼和一个模拟城市战斗场景的“杀人屋”。它还认为,该设施将提高军官的士气。该项目的规模和规模,以及它所需要的破坏和森林砍伐,导致越来越多的活动家、组织者和社区成员反对他们所谓的“Cop City”。反对警察城的运动同时也是捍卫威劳尼森林的运动,这个名字是19世纪初被殖民者强行迁移的马斯科吉溪人在成为臭名昭著的亚特兰大监狱农场之前使用的。这场运动的这些要素——它所借鉴的历史,它反对什么和争取什么,它将把谁团结在一起,以及如何团结在一起——尽管存在巨大的困难,但却赋予了它巨大的持久力。
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引用次数: 0
Climate Still Changes Everything 气候仍在改变一切
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0004
Alyssa Battistoni
ABSTRACT:When the Inflation Reduction Act was signed into law last August, it was celebrated as the biggest piece of federal climate legislation ever passed in the United States. This was an astonishingly low bar to clear: the IRA is also the country’s only real climate legislation. If its passage was a dubious landmark, it also stood at the end of an era for a U.S. climate movement galvanized nearly fifteen years earlier by the near-collapse of the UN climate conference in 2009 and the failure of previous federal legislation in 2010. Over the intervening years, the climate movement tacked sharply to the left as it grew more radical in its tactics and more visionary in its demands. The movement has undoubtedly changed the tenor of U.S. politics. But it has also run up against the limits of its power. What comes next?
摘要:去年8月,《通货膨胀抑制法案》签署成为法律,成为美国有史以来最重要的联邦气候立法。这是一个低得惊人的门槛:IRA也是该国唯一真正的气候立法。如果说该法案的通过是一个值得怀疑的里程碑,那么它也标志着美国气候运动一个时代的结束。近15年前,2009年联合国气候大会几近崩溃,2010年之前的联邦立法也失败了。在此期间的几年里,随着气候运动在策略上变得更加激进,在要求上变得更加有远见,它急剧转向了左翼。这场运动无疑改变了美国政治的基调。但它也遇到了权力的极限。接下来会发生什么?
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引用次数: 0
Homeless in Midtown: The View from Mainchance 市中心的无家可归者:Mainchance的视角
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0015
W. Kornblum
ABSTRACT:Alice M. speaks with some difficulty due to an early childhood brain injury. She worked with counselors at Mainchance—a New York City center for homeless adults where I volunteer as chair of the board—for four years before securing a studio in supportive housing with a Catholic agency in Queens. Proud of her childhood in Harlem, she has been in and out of institutional settings for most of her life. Her last bout of homelessness on the street lasted four years. For three years she slept in respite beds in churches and synagogues connected to Mainchance. She found employment in a sheltered workshop, established a bank account, and saved money while awaiting her eventual placement. Her face lights up when she talks about the kitchenette in her new residence.
摘要:Alice M.由于童年早期的脑损伤,说话有一定的困难。她在曼恩吉斯(mainchance)——纽约市一个收容无家可归成年人的中心——与咨询师一起工作了四年,之后在皇后区一家天主教机构的支持性住房中找到了一间工作室。她对自己在哈莱姆的童年感到自豪,在她生命的大部分时间里,她都在各种机构中进进出出。她最后一次露宿街头的日子持续了四年。三年来,她一直睡在与曼恩吉斯相连的教堂和犹太教堂的临时床上。她在一家庇护作坊找到了一份工作,开了一个银行账户,在等待最终安置的同时攒钱。当她谈到新居的小厨房时,她的脸上露出了光彩。
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引用次数: 0
Yearning for Freedom 向往自由
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0020
Nia T. Evans
ABSTRACT:They could be any couple. The man appears to be talking or resting. The woman wears a furrowed brow, her face illuminated and surrounded by shadow. The title gives them away: they are Amina and Amiri Baraka, the celebrated poets and political activists, captured on film by Ming Smith. To mention the Barakas is to summon seismic political and cultural forces, but here they are simply two lovers, perhaps recuperating after a long day.
摘要:他们可能是任何一对。这名男子似乎在说话或休息。那个女人皱着眉头,她的脸被阴影照亮了。片名泄露了他们的身份:他们是著名诗人和政治活动家阿米娜·巴拉卡和阿米里·巴拉卡,由明·史密斯拍摄。提起巴拉卡夫妇,就像是在召唤政治和文化力量,但在这里,他们只是一对恋人,也许是在漫长的一天后正在休养。
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引用次数: 0
Fighting Fire and Fascism in the American West 在美国西部救火和法西斯主义
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0006
Patrick Bigger, S. Nelson
ABSTRACT:Late in the summer of 2020, forests across the western United States were on fire. In that year alone, California experienced six of the twenty largest fires in its recorded history, including the North Complex Fire, which killed sixteen people and burned more than 300,000 acres. Further north, the Beachie Creek and Lionshead fires merged near the Oregon-Washington border, ultimately burning more than 600 square miles (an area roughly half the size of Rhode Island) and killing five people. Across the West, more than 10 million acres burned—the second-highest annual figure since record-keeping began—incurring $18.9 billion in economic losses and firefighting costs.
摘要:2020年夏末,美国西部的森林发生了火灾。仅在那一年,加州就经历了有记录以来最大的20场火灾中的6场,其中包括造成16人死亡、烧毁30多万英亩土地的“北方复合火灾”(North Complex Fire)。再往北,比奇溪和狮子头大火在俄勒冈州和华盛顿州边界附近汇合,最终烧毁了600多平方英里(大约是罗德岛州的一半),造成5人死亡。在整个西部,超过1000万英亩的土地被烧毁,这是自有记录以来第二高的年度数字,造成了189亿美元的经济损失和消防费用。
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引用次数: 0
The Carbon Capture Distraction 碳捕获分散注意力
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0007
H. Buck
ABSTRACT:In 2012, the Environmental Protection Agency proposed a new set of stricter carbon dioxide emissions standards. For coal-fired power plants, one way to meet those benchmarks would have been to use carbon capture technology, in which special equipment is installed to separate out CO2 from power plant gas streams. To complete the system called carbon capture and storage (CCS), the separated carbon is then transported and stashed in underground rock formations.
摘要:2012年,美国环保署提出了一套新的更严格的二氧化碳排放标准。对于燃煤电厂来说,达到这些标准的一种方法是使用碳捕获技术,即安装特殊设备从电厂气流中分离出二氧化碳。为了完成这个被称为碳捕获和储存(CCS)的系统,分离出来的碳随后被运输并储存在地下岩层中。
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引用次数: 0
The Future of the Labor-Climate Alliance 劳工-气候联盟的未来
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0010
J. Cha
ABSTRACT:President Joe Biden has emphasized the need for climate action since he was on the campaign trail. His platform included policies inspired by the Green New Deal, and one of his first acts in office was to issue an omnibus executive order calling for a “Whole of Government” approach to tackling the climate crisis. Then, in August 2022, he signed the Inflation Reduction Act. Heralded as the most significant piece of U.S. climate legislation to date, the IRA allocates $369 billion to incentivize clean energy, energy efficiency, electric vehicle purchases, and other supply-side measures to build demand for low-carbon technologies and products. Its underlying philosophy is that if renewable energy and low-carbon technology is cheap and plentiful, market dynamics will make fossil fuel production and use prohibitively expensive.
摘要:美国总统拜登自竞选以来就一直强调采取气候行动的必要性。他的政纲包括受“绿色新政”(Green New Deal)启发的政策,他上任后的首批举措之一就是发布了一项综合行政命令,呼吁采取“整个政府”的方式来应对气候危机。然后,在2022年8月,他签署了《通货膨胀削减法案》。作为美国迄今为止最重要的一项气候立法,IRA拨款3690亿美元来激励清洁能源、能源效率、电动汽车的购买,以及其他供应方面的措施,以建立对低碳技术和产品的需求。其基本理念是,如果可再生能源和低碳技术既便宜又丰富,那么市场动态将使化石燃料的生产和使用变得昂贵得令人望而却步。
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引用次数: 0
Structure and Solidarity 结构与团结
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0018
L. Casey
ABSTRACT:Two strikes serve as bookends for the heyday of the twentieth-century American labor movement: the 1936–37 sit-down strike of the fledgling United Auto Workers (UAW) against what was then the nation’s largest corporation, General Motors, and the 1981 strike of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) against the Federal Aviation Administration, a government agency. The successful UAW strike led not only to the unionization of General Motors; it opened the door to the unionization of basic industry across the U.S. economy, from auto, steel, and textiles to important components of transportation, food production, and communications. The PATCO strike, broken by President Ronald Reagan, led not only to the demise of that union; it marked the start of a period during which industrial unions were decimated and strikes in the United States dwindled to a mere handful.
摘要:20世纪美国劳工运动的鼎盛时期有两次罢工,一次是1936年至1937年美国汽车工人联合会(UAW)针对当时美国最大的公司通用汽车公司的静坐罢工,另一次是1981年美国专业空中交通管制员组织(PATCO)针对政府机构联邦航空管理局的罢工。美国汽车工人联合会的成功罢工不仅导致了通用汽车的工会化;从汽车、钢铁、纺织到运输、食品生产和通信等重要行业,它为美国经济的基础行业的工会化打开了大门。由罗纳德•里根(Ronald Reagan)总统打破的PATCO罢工,不仅导致了该工会的解体;它标志着一个时期的开始,在此期间,产业工会被摧毁,美国的罢工减少到屈指可数。
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引用次数: 0
Power Games: How General Electric Exports Privatization 权力游戏:通用电气如何出口私有化
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0009
Saheli Khastagir
ABSTRACT:Last February, when President Joe Biden’s Build Back Better plan looked all but dead, General Electric joined twenty-six other U.S. companies to call on Congress to salvage a climate deal. On its website, GE stressed that tax credits and grants to boost clean energy would advance U.S. interests in the global energy transition, generating domestic jobs in the wind industry. Filings compiled by the watchdog group OpenSecrets show that the negotiated successor to BBB, the Inflation Reduction Act, was the biggest target of GE’s lobbying efforts in 2022. These efforts paid off. In August, Biden signed the IRA, securing exactly the kinds of lucrative tax credits GE had trumpeted. Yet less than two months later, the company laid off 20 percent of its U.S. onshore wind workers.
摘要:去年2月,当美国总统拜登提出的“重建更好”计划几乎要失败时,通用电气与其他26家美国公司一起呼吁国会挽救气候协议。通用电气在其网站上强调,促进清洁能源的税收抵免和拨款将促进美国在全球能源转型中的利益,并在风能行业创造国内就业机会。监督组织OpenSecrets汇编的文件显示,BBB的谈判继任者《通胀削减法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)是通用电气在2022年游说努力的最大目标。这些努力得到了回报。今年8月,拜登签署了《个人退休税法》,获得了通用电气所鼓吹的那种利润丰厚的税收抵免。然而,不到两个月后,该公司解雇了20%的美国陆上风电工人。
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引用次数: 0
Child Care Is an Organizing Tool 儿童保育是一种组织工具
IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1353/dss.2023.0014
Sara Herschander
ABSTRACT:At La Colmena, a small community worker center in Staten Island with light yellow walls plastered with posters about labor rights, children play while their mothers organize. “I started seeing the need to organize women and to look at the worker holistically, to see that they also have a life, they also have children,” said Yesenia Mata, executive director of La Colmena, which has supported low-wage immigrant workers, especially day laborers, since 2014. And at La Colmena, holistic support means child care. For decades, worker centers have served as a vital source of advocacy for low-wage workers excluded from unions and traditional forms of labor organizing, often because they work in informal sectors not covered by federal labor law. But for working mothers, finding the time for organizing isn’t easy. That’s why in recent years, spurred by the pandemic, worker centers across the country have enacted family-friendly organizing strategies and programming. They are meeting their communities where they need it most.
摘要:在斯塔顿岛(Staten Island)一个名为La Colmena的小型社区工作者中心,淡黄色的墙上贴着有关劳工权利的海报,孩子们在那里玩耍,而他们的母亲则在组织。“我开始意识到有必要把妇女组织起来,从整体上看待工人,看到她们也有自己的生活,她们也有孩子,”La Colmena的执行董事叶塞尼亚·马塔(Yesenia Mata)说。该组织自2014年以来一直支持低薪移民工人,尤其是日工。在La Colmena,整体支持意味着儿童保育。几十年来,工人中心一直是被排除在工会和传统形式的劳工组织之外的低薪工人的重要宣传来源,通常是因为他们在不受联邦劳动法保护的非正规部门工作。但对于职业母亲来说,找时间整理并不容易。这就是为什么近年来,在疫情的刺激下,全国各地的工人中心制定了家庭友好型组织战略和规划。他们在他们最需要的地方满足他们的社区。
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引用次数: 0
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