Pub Date : 2020-03-24DOI: 10.1177/1351010X20911599
A. Santoni, J. Davy, P. Fausti, P. Bonfiglio
The computation of sound transmission through solid structures has been of great interest since the first half of the 20th century. Several prediction methods can be found in the large body of literature, applicable to many kinds of structures, and derived using different approaches. This article presents a review of the most significant approaches to compute sound transmission through a building partition; it aims to provide an extensive update and critical literature review of the different approaches which can be used to compute sound transmission through a building partition. Different approaches, suitable for different kinds of building structures, based on analytical and semi-analytical solutions, wave-propagation, numerical or statistical energy analysis methods are described, highlighting advantages and drawbacks.
{"title":"A review of the different approaches to predict the sound transmission loss of building partitions","authors":"A. Santoni, J. Davy, P. Fausti, P. Bonfiglio","doi":"10.1177/1351010X20911599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X20911599","url":null,"abstract":"The computation of sound transmission through solid structures has been of great interest since the first half of the 20th century. Several prediction methods can be found in the large body of literature, applicable to many kinds of structures, and derived using different approaches. This article presents a review of the most significant approaches to compute sound transmission through a building partition; it aims to provide an extensive update and critical literature review of the different approaches which can be used to compute sound transmission through a building partition. Different approaches, suitable for different kinds of building structures, based on analytical and semi-analytical solutions, wave-propagation, numerical or statistical energy analysis methods are described, highlighting advantages and drawbacks.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"253 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X20911599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46819621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-23DOI: 10.1177/1351010X20911066
A. Milo
Eight participants with a musical background were asked to reflect in depth on their experience of sonic environments through a structured questionnaire answered in either oral or written form. Six of these interviews took place at the Zentrum für Kunst und Medien in Karlsruhe, and two in London, to provide contrasting comparison terms. The questionnaire invited the participants to progress in their reasoning from the description of the present sonic environment to the formulation of thoughts on the acoustic design of spaces, the educational potential of soundwalking practices and the elicitation of places with aural character from their memory. The interview transcripts were qualitatively analysed through the grounded theory method with the aim to detail the underlying mechanisms towards the appraisal or criticism for an acoustic environment. Acoustic and psychoacoustic indicators were extracted from the binaural measurements of the interview settings to provide objective grounds for comparison. Five concurrent factors were identified as involved in the quality attribution process: purpose affordance, affective impact, memory, ecological awareness and acoustic design.
{"title":"Reflecting on sonic environments through a structured questionnaire: Grounded theory analysis of situated interviews with musicians","authors":"A. Milo","doi":"10.1177/1351010X20911066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X20911066","url":null,"abstract":"Eight participants with a musical background were asked to reflect in depth on their experience of sonic environments through a structured questionnaire answered in either oral or written form. Six of these interviews took place at the Zentrum für Kunst und Medien in Karlsruhe, and two in London, to provide contrasting comparison terms. The questionnaire invited the participants to progress in their reasoning from the description of the present sonic environment to the formulation of thoughts on the acoustic design of spaces, the educational potential of soundwalking practices and the elicitation of places with aural character from their memory. The interview transcripts were qualitatively analysed through the grounded theory method with the aim to detail the underlying mechanisms towards the appraisal or criticism for an acoustic environment. Acoustic and psychoacoustic indicators were extracted from the binaural measurements of the interview settings to provide objective grounds for comparison. Five concurrent factors were identified as involved in the quality attribution process: purpose affordance, affective impact, memory, ecological awareness and acoustic design.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"203 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X20911066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-23DOI: 10.1177/1351010X20912501
D. D’Orazio, G. Fratoni, A. Rovigatti, M. Garai
Italian Historical Opera Houses are private or public spaces built around a cavea, with tiers of boxes on the surrounding walls. At the early age – from 16th to 18th century – boxes were private properties of the richest class, typically the financial responsible of the whole building. The stalls hosted the middle class, that gradually increased its social position and for this reason the wooden seats were progressively replaced by chairs. The gallery was reserved to lower classes. Does this social division correspond to a different acoustic comfort? The present work tries to answer this question using subjective preference models provided by scholars. With this aim, the room criteria defined by different authors and in distinct times are lined up with the ISO 3382 standards and analysed depending on the acoustic peculiarities of an Italian Historical Opera House selected as case study. Calibrated impulse responses were handled through the numerical simulations of a whole orchestra of virtual sound sources in the pit.
{"title":"A virtual orchestra to qualify the acoustics of historical opera houses","authors":"D. D’Orazio, G. Fratoni, A. Rovigatti, M. Garai","doi":"10.1177/1351010X20912501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X20912501","url":null,"abstract":"Italian Historical Opera Houses are private or public spaces built around a cavea, with tiers of boxes on the surrounding walls. At the early age – from 16th to 18th century – boxes were private properties of the richest class, typically the financial responsible of the whole building. The stalls hosted the middle class, that gradually increased its social position and for this reason the wooden seats were progressively replaced by chairs. The gallery was reserved to lower classes. Does this social division correspond to a different acoustic comfort? The present work tries to answer this question using subjective preference models provided by scholars. With this aim, the room criteria defined by different authors and in distinct times are lined up with the ISO 3382 standards and analysed depending on the acoustic peculiarities of an Italian Historical Opera House selected as case study. Calibrated impulse responses were handled through the numerical simulations of a whole orchestra of virtual sound sources in the pit.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"235 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X20912501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43390453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-09DOI: 10.1177/1351010X20909464
Y. Lee, Elizabeth Nelson, Mark J Flynn, J. Jackman
A major source of noise complaints in open-plan offices has consistently been co-workers talking nearby or talking on the phone. Various masking sounds such as white noise and pink noise have been explored to reduce the intelligibility level of speech from adjacent co-workers in open-plan offices. Recently, nature soundscapes such as water, rainfall or birdsong have been introduced instead of conventional white or pink noises. Water sounds with limited acoustic variation have shown more effectiveness than nature sounds with high acoustic variation such as birdsong. This study examined four types of background sounds in a controlled lab environment that simulated a typical open-plan office in a large pharmaceutical company in the United Kingdom. The purpose was to understand cognitive performance, satisfaction and preference, and physiological responses among the four types of background sounds: no external acoustic noise, typical daily office noise, white noise and spring water sound. The study employed three methods: an assessment of cognitive performance to measure memory, distractibility and decision-making; a survey to understand subjective satisfaction and preference; and use of wearable devices to monitor physiological responses. Two different types of wearable devices were used: pulse oximeter and electrodermal activity sensor to compare physiological responses to the four types of sounds. This article discusses discrepancies found between participants’ satisfaction/preference and their cognitive performance under the four background sounds and potential future implications of masking sounds in open-plan offices.
{"title":"Exploring soundscaping options for the cognitive environment in an open-plan office","authors":"Y. Lee, Elizabeth Nelson, Mark J Flynn, J. Jackman","doi":"10.1177/1351010X20909464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X20909464","url":null,"abstract":"A major source of noise complaints in open-plan offices has consistently been co-workers talking nearby or talking on the phone. Various masking sounds such as white noise and pink noise have been explored to reduce the intelligibility level of speech from adjacent co-workers in open-plan offices. Recently, nature soundscapes such as water, rainfall or birdsong have been introduced instead of conventional white or pink noises. Water sounds with limited acoustic variation have shown more effectiveness than nature sounds with high acoustic variation such as birdsong. This study examined four types of background sounds in a controlled lab environment that simulated a typical open-plan office in a large pharmaceutical company in the United Kingdom. The purpose was to understand cognitive performance, satisfaction and preference, and physiological responses among the four types of background sounds: no external acoustic noise, typical daily office noise, white noise and spring water sound. The study employed three methods: an assessment of cognitive performance to measure memory, distractibility and decision-making; a survey to understand subjective satisfaction and preference; and use of wearable devices to monitor physiological responses. Two different types of wearable devices were used: pulse oximeter and electrodermal activity sensor to compare physiological responses to the four types of sounds. This article discusses discrepancies found between participants’ satisfaction/preference and their cognitive performance under the four background sounds and potential future implications of masking sounds in open-plan offices.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"185 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X20909464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41587940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-03DOI: 10.1177/1351010X20910090
E. Gourdon, A. Ture Savadkoohi, B. Cauvin
This article presents some experimental results on Helmholtz resonators for large sound amplitudes with two general geometries of their necks: the resonators with classical (cylindrical) and quadratic nonlinear necks. Obtained results for large amplitudes show accelerated amplitude dependency of resonant frequencies of the resonators with modified shape of the neck compared to classical ones. This nonlinear response can be used as a passive controller system with nonlinear restoring forcing function for having broadband frequency absorption.
{"title":"Effects of shape of the neck of classical acoustical resonators on the sound absorption quality for large amplitudes: Experimental results","authors":"E. Gourdon, A. Ture Savadkoohi, B. Cauvin","doi":"10.1177/1351010X20910090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X20910090","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents some experimental results on Helmholtz resonators for large sound amplitudes with two general geometries of their necks: the resonators with classical (cylindrical) and quadratic nonlinear necks. Obtained results for large amplitudes show accelerated amplitude dependency of resonant frequencies of the resonators with modified shape of the neck compared to classical ones. This nonlinear response can be used as a passive controller system with nonlinear restoring forcing function for having broadband frequency absorption.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"169 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X20910090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49167760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1351010X19886035
F. Gheller, E. Lovo, Athena Arsie, R. Bovo
The acoustic quality of classrooms is crucial for children’s listening skills and consequently for their learning. Listening abilities in kids are still developing, and an environment with inadequate acoustic characteristics may create additional problems in speech perception and phonetic recognition. Background noise or reverberation may cause auditory processing problems and greater cognitive effort. There are also other elements which can make difficulty in listening and understanding in noisy environments an even more serious problem, such as learning disabilities, mild to severe hearing loss or bilingualism. Therefore, it is important to improve the acoustic quality of the classrooms, taking into account the specific needs of children in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and reverberation time, in order to ensure a proper quality of listening. The aim of this work is to analyse, through the review of previous studies, the impact that the acoustic of classrooms has on children’s listening skills and learning activities.
{"title":"Classroom acoustics: Listening problems in children","authors":"F. Gheller, E. Lovo, Athena Arsie, R. Bovo","doi":"10.1177/1351010X19886035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X19886035","url":null,"abstract":"The acoustic quality of classrooms is crucial for children’s listening skills and consequently for their learning. Listening abilities in kids are still developing, and an environment with inadequate acoustic characteristics may create additional problems in speech perception and phonetic recognition. Background noise or reverberation may cause auditory processing problems and greater cognitive effort. There are also other elements which can make difficulty in listening and understanding in noisy environments an even more serious problem, such as learning disabilities, mild to severe hearing loss or bilingualism. Therefore, it is important to improve the acoustic quality of the classrooms, taking into account the specific needs of children in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and reverberation time, in order to ensure a proper quality of listening. The aim of this work is to analyse, through the review of previous studies, the impact that the acoustic of classrooms has on children’s listening skills and learning activities.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"47 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X19886035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65424443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1351010X19893065
Javad Isavand, A. Peplow, Afshar Kasaei
This article presents an innovative application of the frequency domain decomposition method based on an acoustic and vibration response. Frequency domain decomposition method has been frequently used for operational modal analysis testing in the last decade to identify modal parameters for in-situ case studies. For these studies, the outputs of the vibration response through accelerometers have been employed in the analysis. In this article, the frequency domain decomposition method is employed, for the first time, to analyze both acoustic and vibration response of the building which is a novel application in building vibration response. As a case study, a cylindrical shaped seven-story building, which appears to be subjected to a vibration problem, was selected. In this research, both acoustic and vibration responses are captured to determine the source of this unknown excitation. The results show that using microphones, as an acoustic response, can be as reliable as accelerometers to identify forced vibration.
{"title":"Performing building vibration assessments by acoustic measurements","authors":"Javad Isavand, A. Peplow, Afshar Kasaei","doi":"10.1177/1351010X19893065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X19893065","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an innovative application of the frequency domain decomposition method based on an acoustic and vibration response. Frequency domain decomposition method has been frequently used for operational modal analysis testing in the last decade to identify modal parameters for in-situ case studies. For these studies, the outputs of the vibration response through accelerometers have been employed in the analysis. In this article, the frequency domain decomposition method is employed, for the first time, to analyze both acoustic and vibration response of the building which is a novel application in building vibration response. As a case study, a cylindrical shaped seven-story building, which appears to be subjected to a vibration problem, was selected. In this research, both acoustic and vibration responses are captured to determine the source of this unknown excitation. The results show that using microphones, as an acoustic response, can be as reliable as accelerometers to identify forced vibration.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"21 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X19893065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46141620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1351010X19887881
{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Is the sound environment relevant for how people use common spaces?’","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/1351010X19887881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X19887881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"75 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X19887881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47265365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1351010X19890478
Megan E. Graham
As the global population ages, residential care facilities are challenged to create positive living environments for people in later life. Health care acoustics are increasingly recognized as a key design factor in the experience of well-being for long-term care residents; however, acoustics are being conceptualized predominantly within the medical model. Just as the modern hospital battles disease with technology, sterility and efficiency, health care acoustics are receiving similar treatment. Materialist efforts towards acoustical separation evoke images of containment, quarantine and control, as if sound was something to be isolated. Sound becomes part of the contested space of long-term care that exists in tension between hospital and home. The move towards acoustical separation denies the social significance of sound in residents’ lives. Sound does not displace care; it emplaces care and the social relationships therein. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork in a Canadian long-term care facility, this article will use a phenomenological lens to explore how relationships are shaped in sound among residents living in long-term care. Ethnographic vignettes illustrate how the free flow of music through the care unit incited collective engagement among residents, reduced barriers to sharing social space and constructed new social identity. The article concludes that residents’ relationships are shaped within the acoustical milieu of the care unit and that to impose acoustical separation between residents’ living spaces may further isolate residents who are already at risk of loneliness.
{"title":"Long-term care as contested acoustical space: Exploring resident relationships and identities in sound","authors":"Megan E. Graham","doi":"10.1177/1351010X19890478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X19890478","url":null,"abstract":"As the global population ages, residential care facilities are challenged to create positive living environments for people in later life. Health care acoustics are increasingly recognized as a key design factor in the experience of well-being for long-term care residents; however, acoustics are being conceptualized predominantly within the medical model. Just as the modern hospital battles disease with technology, sterility and efficiency, health care acoustics are receiving similar treatment. Materialist efforts towards acoustical separation evoke images of containment, quarantine and control, as if sound was something to be isolated. Sound becomes part of the contested space of long-term care that exists in tension between hospital and home. The move towards acoustical separation denies the social significance of sound in residents’ lives. Sound does not displace care; it emplaces care and the social relationships therein. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork in a Canadian long-term care facility, this article will use a phenomenological lens to explore how relationships are shaped in sound among residents living in long-term care. Ethnographic vignettes illustrate how the free flow of music through the care unit incited collective engagement among residents, reduced barriers to sharing social space and constructed new social identity. The article concludes that residents’ relationships are shaped within the acoustical milieu of the care unit and that to impose acoustical separation between residents’ living spaces may further isolate residents who are already at risk of loneliness.","PeriodicalId":51841,"journal":{"name":"BUILDING ACOUSTICS","volume":"27 1","pages":"61 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1351010X19890478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46112216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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