Mohamed A. E. G. Bedir, Fawzy A. E. Elemery, Mohamed T. A. Elghafar, Mohamed Torky
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) involve a diverse range of over 200 lung disorders, constituting a vast group of diseases. This study aimed to compare Corticosteroids and Colchicine in the treatment of post-covid pulmonary fibrosis (PC19-PF) through the assessment of effects of these drugs on some biomarkers as interleukin-6 (IL6) and Krebs-von-den Lungen-6 (KL6). This randomized controlled study was carried out 30 patients with PC19-PF and 10 healthy volunteers. All patients were randomly classified into four equal groups: group 1: received corticosteroids in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day. Group 2: received colchicine in the dose of 500 µg/12 h for 1 month. Group 3: received both corticosteroids in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day and colchicine in the dose of 500µg/12 h for 1 month. Group 4: healthy volunteers. A 45 pg/ml was the cut off value used to demonstrate the effect of treatment on serum IL6 in studied PC19-PF patients, with a sensitivity of 77% and 70% specificity. 180 U/ml was the cut off value used to demonstrate the effect of treatment on serum KL6, serum KL6 levels provide sensitivity of 67% and 70% specificity for the effect of treatment on serum KL6. The decrease in serum IL6 and KL6 after treatment was in group 3, followed by group 1 then group 2. Prednisolone and colchicine were better than prednisolone alone in treatment of PC19-PF and colchicine alone showed slight improvement.
{"title":"Comparative study between corticosteroids and colchicine effect on interleukin-6 and Krebs-von-den Lungen-6 in treatment of post covid pulmonary fibrosis","authors":"Mohamed A. E. G. Bedir, Fawzy A. E. Elemery, Mohamed T. A. Elghafar, Mohamed Torky","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_12_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_12_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) involve a diverse range of over 200 lung disorders, constituting a vast group of diseases. This study aimed to compare Corticosteroids and Colchicine in the treatment of post-covid pulmonary fibrosis (PC19-PF) through the assessment of effects of these drugs on some biomarkers as interleukin-6 (IL6) and Krebs-von-den Lungen-6 (KL6).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This randomized controlled study was carried out 30 patients with PC19-PF and 10 healthy volunteers. All patients were randomly classified into four equal groups: group 1: received corticosteroids in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day. Group 2: received colchicine in the dose of 500 µg/12 h for 1 month. Group 3: received both corticosteroids in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day and colchicine in the dose of 500µg/12 h for 1 month. Group 4: healthy volunteers.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A 45 pg/ml was the cut off value used to demonstrate the effect of treatment on serum IL6 in studied PC19-PF patients, with a sensitivity of 77% and 70% specificity. 180 U/ml was the cut off value used to demonstrate the effect of treatment on serum KL6, serum KL6 levels provide sensitivity of 67% and 70% specificity for the effect of treatment on serum KL6. The decrease in serum IL6 and KL6 after treatment was in group 3, followed by group 1 then group 2.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Prednisolone and colchicine were better than prednisolone alone in treatment of PC19-PF and colchicine alone showed slight improvement.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Mustafa Mohamed, Gahan Mohamed Elassal, Hossam M. Abdel Hamid
Dead space refers to the part of each tidal volume that does not contribute to gas exchange. It serves as an indicator of lung function efficiency. To evaluate the end-tidal-to-arterial PCO2 ratio and Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Assessment (APACHE IV) scoring system as prognostic values in mechanically ventilated patients at the respiratory intensive care unit (ICU). This prospective cohort research was done on 40 mechanically ventilated patients due to different respiratory causes who were admitted at the respiratory ICU at Ain Shams University hospitals. This study found that decreasing end tidal PCO2 (PETCO2)/arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is associated with higher mortality amongst mechanically ventilated cases in respiratory ICU. A significant negative association between APACHE IV score and end-tidal to arterial PCO2 ratio following 1 h and after 24 h of mechanical ventilation. APACHE IV score showed a significant relation with mortality, being higher in survivors than nonsurvivors. PETCO2/PaCO2 is a relevant prognostic value that reflects dead space ventilation among mechanically ventilated patients in respiratory ICU. APACHE IV score is a good mortality predictor in respiratory ICU.
死腔是指每个潮气量中不参与气体交换的部分。它是肺功能效率的一个指标。 目的：评估潮气末-动脉PCO2比值和急性生理与慢性健康评估（APACHE IV）评分系统作为呼吸重症监护室（ICU）机械通气患者预后值的作用。 这项前瞻性队列研究的对象是艾因-沙姆斯大学医院呼吸重症监护室收治的 40 名因不同呼吸原因接受机械通气治疗的患者。 研究发现，潮气末 PCO2（PETCO2）/动脉二氧化碳（PaCO2）的降低与呼吸重症监护室机械通气病例的死亡率升高有关。在机械通气 1 小时后和 24 小时后，APACHE IV 评分与潮气末 PCO2 与动脉血 PCO2 的比率呈明显负相关。APACHE IV 评分与死亡率有明显关系，幸存者的死亡率高于非幸存者。 PETCO2/PaCO2 是反映呼吸重症监护病房机械通气患者死腔通气情况的相关预后值。APACHE IV 评分是预测呼吸重症监护病房患者死亡率的良好指标。
{"title":"End-tidal-to-arterial PCO2 ratio as a prognostic value in mechanically ventilated patients at respiratory intensive care unit","authors":"Mohamed Mustafa Mohamed, Gahan Mohamed Elassal, Hossam M. Abdel Hamid","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_4_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_4_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Dead space refers to the part of each tidal volume that does not contribute to gas exchange. It serves as an indicator of lung function efficiency.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the end-tidal-to-arterial PCO2 ratio and Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Assessment (APACHE IV) scoring system as prognostic values in mechanically ventilated patients at the respiratory intensive care unit (ICU).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This prospective cohort research was done on 40 mechanically ventilated patients due to different respiratory causes who were admitted at the respiratory ICU at Ain Shams University hospitals.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study found that decreasing end tidal PCO2 (PETCO2)/arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is associated with higher mortality amongst mechanically ventilated cases in respiratory ICU. A significant negative association between APACHE IV score and end-tidal to arterial PCO2 ratio following 1 h and after 24 h of mechanical ventilation. APACHE IV score showed a significant relation with mortality, being higher in survivors than nonsurvivors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 PETCO2/PaCO2 is a relevant prognostic value that reflects dead space ventilation among mechanically ventilated patients in respiratory ICU. APACHE IV score is a good mortality predictor in respiratory ICU.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"2019 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Worldwide, pleural infections are becoming more common. Overuse of empirical antibiotics has been linked to longer hospital stays and higher death rates, causing the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. So, proper care requires the identification of the pathogenic bacteria using pleural fluid culture. In addition to normal culture, pleural fluid inoculation in blood culture bottles enhances the proportion of patients with detectable infections in less time. To assess whether inoculating pleural fluid into a blood culture bottle will increase the yield of isolated pathogens compared to routine culture techniques in evaluating pleural infection. Also, to compare the time of pathogen detection when comparing the detection by blood culture bottle versus the routine microbiological culture technique. Recognize the distribution of isolated bacteria from our center and their susceptibility profile to different antibiotics and predict the most effective empirical antibiotics. Cross-sectional analytical prospective study conducted at the Department of Pulmonology and Clinical Pathology in Cairo University Hospitals. It included 70 patients with infected pleural effusion. Under ultrasound supervision, pleural fluid was extracted and transported to the laboratory for routine microbiological culture. At the same time, an automated blood culture bottle was inoculated with 5–10 ml to be incubated. All the detected pathogens were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility according to CLSI. The mean age of our patients was 47.1 ± 15.6 years. Empyema was documented in 16 (22.9%) of our patients, whereas 54 (77.1%) had exudative pleural effusion. Positive aerobic infection in blood culture bottle was seen in 37 patients, compared to 21 patients in direct pleural culture. A statistically significant difference was found between the culture positive rate in aerobic blood culture bottles and direct pleural culture (P=0.001). Blood culture bottle inoculation of infected pleural fluid increases the sensitivity of microbial yield in a shorter time than standard culture.
{"title":"Inoculation of pleural fluid in blood culture bottles could be a routine practice in pleural infection","authors":"Ahmed M. Amer, Maha A. Gad, Azza A. El Akhal","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_16_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_16_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Worldwide, pleural infections are becoming more common. Overuse of empirical antibiotics has been linked to longer hospital stays and higher death rates, causing the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. So, proper care requires the identification of the pathogenic bacteria using pleural fluid culture. In addition to normal culture, pleural fluid inoculation in blood culture bottles enhances the proportion of patients with detectable infections in less time.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To assess whether inoculating pleural fluid into a blood culture bottle will increase the yield of isolated pathogens compared to routine culture techniques in evaluating pleural infection. Also, to compare the time of pathogen detection when comparing the detection by blood culture bottle versus the routine microbiological culture technique. Recognize the distribution of isolated bacteria from our center and their susceptibility profile to different antibiotics and predict the most effective empirical antibiotics.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cross-sectional analytical prospective study conducted at the Department of Pulmonology and Clinical Pathology in Cairo University Hospitals. It included 70 patients with infected pleural effusion. Under ultrasound supervision, pleural fluid was extracted and transported to the laboratory for routine microbiological culture. At the same time, an automated blood culture bottle was inoculated with 5–10 ml to be incubated. All the detected pathogens were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility according to CLSI.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age of our patients was 47.1 ± 15.6 years. Empyema was documented in 16 (22.9%) of our patients, whereas 54 (77.1%) had exudative pleural effusion. Positive aerobic infection in blood culture bottle was seen in 37 patients, compared to 21 patients in direct pleural culture. A statistically significant difference was found between the culture positive rate in aerobic blood culture bottles and direct pleural culture (P=0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Blood culture bottle inoculation of infected pleural fluid increases the sensitivity of microbial yield in a shorter time than standard culture.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"209 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Rashad, Hanan Ahmed, Samar N. Mohamed, H. Eleleimy, Ebtehal M. Abdel-Aal
One of the main obstacles to treating patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) is the emergence of drug resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. To investigate the prognostic relevance of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and Notch1 in NSCLC and to evaluate their potential involvement in induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy. Immunohistochemical study of RUNX1, Notch1, E-cadherin, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was conducted upon 83 cases diagnosed as NSCLC. The research was conducted in the departments of pathology, chest, and medical oncology of the Faculty of Medicine, Benha University. A significant relation was found between RUNX1 and sex (P=0.001), smoking history (P=0.002), and tumor grade (P=0.002). High RUNX1 expression was associated with poor OS and DFS (P=0.003 and 0.005), respectively. Cases with positive Notch1 expression were significantly associated with tumor grade (P=0.005) and tumor stage (P=0.024). A significant association was detected between Notch1 expression and poor OS and DFS (P=0.025 and 0.011), respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between RUNX1 and Notch1 expressions (P=0.040). Moreover, high RUNX1 and positive Notch1 expressions were significantly associated with negative E-cadherin and positive HIF-1α expressions. Resistance against EGFR–TKI therapy was significantly associated with high RUNX1, positive Notch1, negative E-cadherin, and positive HIF-1α expressions, in EGFR-mutated cases. RUNX1 and Notch1 may be involved in therapy resistance through the induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and may serve as prognostic markers in patients with NSCLC.
{"title":"Significance of Runt-related transcription factor 1 and Notch1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer: involvement in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy resistance","authors":"H. Rashad, Hanan Ahmed, Samar N. Mohamed, H. Eleleimy, Ebtehal M. Abdel-Aal","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_95_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_95_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 One of the main obstacles to treating patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) is the emergence of drug resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To investigate the prognostic relevance of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and Notch1 in NSCLC and to evaluate their potential involvement in induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Immunohistochemical study of RUNX1, Notch1, E-cadherin, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was conducted upon 83 cases diagnosed as NSCLC. The research was conducted in the departments of pathology, chest, and medical oncology of the Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A significant relation was found between RUNX1 and sex (P=0.001), smoking history (P=0.002), and tumor grade (P=0.002). High RUNX1 expression was associated with poor OS and DFS (P=0.003 and 0.005), respectively. Cases with positive Notch1 expression were significantly associated with tumor grade (P=0.005) and tumor stage (P=0.024). A significant association was detected between Notch1 expression and poor OS and DFS (P=0.025 and 0.011), respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between RUNX1 and Notch1 expressions (P=0.040). Moreover, high RUNX1 and positive Notch1 expressions were significantly associated with negative E-cadherin and positive HIF-1α expressions. Resistance against EGFR–TKI therapy was significantly associated with high RUNX1, positive Notch1, negative E-cadherin, and positive HIF-1α expressions, in EGFR-mutated cases.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 RUNX1 and Notch1 may be involved in therapy resistance through the induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and may serve as prognostic markers in patients with NSCLC.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amira E. Ramadan, Ahmed S. Elgazar, N. Amin, Amira H. Allam, Mai A. Elmahdy, Naglaa A. B. Eldeen, Sara A. Saied, Doaa A. Shaker
Acinetobacter baumannii become a growing problem in hospitals as a predominant multidrug-resistant (MDR). This resistance capacity is generated by various mechanisms including efflux pumps that can direct antibiotics outwards and prevent antibiotics from affecting the bacteria. Clinical samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar medium, identified by Gram stain and biochemical reactions, and then identified to the species level by Vitek2 automated system. The adeA and adeS genes among isolated strains were detected by conventional PCR. This study included 50 A. baumannii strains to assess the antibiotic resistance pattern of A. baumannii. A. baumannii strains were fully resistant to Piperacillin (100%) and lowest resistance to Imipenem (54%) was observed. Out of 50 isolates, 41 (82%) of A. baumanii isolates had adeA gene and 32 (64%) had adeS gene. The clinical strains that had adeA gene and adeS gene showed significantly higher resistance to Ciprofloxacin (92.7%) and (100%), respectively. Additionally, borderline significant differences were reported regarding Gentamycin (P = 0.065), Ceftazidime (P = 0.08), and Meropenem (P = 0.08), with the resistance being higher in the adeA positive group. Efflux pumps genes (adeA, adeS) played a key role in antibiotic resistance of A. baumanii.
{"title":"Efflux pumps encoding genes (adeA and adeS) in relation to antibiotic resistance pattern in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from Benha university hospital","authors":"Amira E. Ramadan, Ahmed S. Elgazar, N. Amin, Amira H. Allam, Mai A. Elmahdy, Naglaa A. B. Eldeen, Sara A. Saied, Doaa A. Shaker","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_40_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_40_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Acinetobacter baumannii become a growing problem in hospitals as a predominant multidrug-resistant (MDR). This resistance capacity is generated by various mechanisms including efflux pumps that can direct antibiotics outwards and prevent antibiotics from affecting the bacteria.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Clinical samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar medium, identified by Gram stain and biochemical reactions, and then identified to the species level by Vitek2 automated system. The adeA and adeS genes among isolated strains were detected by conventional PCR. This study included 50 A. baumannii strains to assess the antibiotic resistance pattern of A. baumannii.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A. baumannii strains were fully resistant to Piperacillin (100%) and lowest resistance to Imipenem (54%) was observed. Out of 50 isolates, 41 (82%) of A. baumanii isolates had adeA gene and 32 (64%) had adeS gene. The clinical strains that had adeA gene and adeS gene showed significantly higher resistance to Ciprofloxacin (92.7%) and (100%), respectively. Additionally, borderline significant differences were reported regarding Gentamycin (P = 0.065), Ceftazidime (P = 0.08), and Meropenem (P = 0.08), with the resistance being higher in the adeA positive group.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Efflux pumps genes (adeA, adeS) played a key role in antibiotic resistance of A. baumanii.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shrivastava, Sheikh Kamran, P. Shrivastava, Abhishek Joshi
Tuberculosis (TB) has been acknowledged as one of the major public health concerns, being present in all the nations and has the potential to affect people from all age groups. Ensuring prompt diagnosis of TB is an essential step to improve the prognosis of the patients and minimize the development of complications. To accomplish the set targets under the end TB strategy, the diagnostic arm in TB control activities needs to be immensely strengthened and expanded. We have to ensure that the quality of the sample remains the same during the transport, especially in those regions where reference laboratories are present in distant locations. In conclusion, in the battle against TB, there is an immense need to strengthen the diagnostic services to enable early detection and prompt initiation of treatment. However, the same becomes a major challenge in resource-constrained settings, especially for making a diagnosis of multidrug-resistant-TB. This calls for the need to explore alternative options to expedite the process and roping in the postal network have emerged as a feasible and effective mechanism to overcome the existing challenges.
{"title":"Strengthening the transportation network to improve diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: role of postal services","authors":"S. Shrivastava, Sheikh Kamran, P. Shrivastava, Abhishek Joshi","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_80_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_80_23","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) has been acknowledged as one of the major public health concerns, being present in all the nations and has the potential to affect people from all age groups. Ensuring prompt diagnosis of TB is an essential step to improve the prognosis of the patients and minimize the development of complications. To accomplish the set targets under the end TB strategy, the diagnostic arm in TB control activities needs to be immensely strengthened and expanded. We have to ensure that the quality of the sample remains the same during the transport, especially in those regions where reference laboratories are present in distant locations. In conclusion, in the battle against TB, there is an immense need to strengthen the diagnostic services to enable early detection and prompt initiation of treatment. However, the same becomes a major challenge in resource-constrained settings, especially for making a diagnosis of multidrug-resistant-TB. This calls for the need to explore alternative options to expedite the process and roping in the postal network have emerged as a feasible and effective mechanism to overcome the existing challenges.","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"10 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashraf Mohamed, L. Shaaban, Mostafa Mahmoud Attia, Waleed Khaleel
COVID-19 management has changed from just dealing with a novel respiratory viral illness to unraveling the mystery of a systemic disease. This study aimed to assess clinical pattern for post-COVID survivors and impact on quality of life. 115 Patients suffering from COVID-19 affection were recruited in this study. The assessment included clinical history with special attention to symptoms attributable to post-COVID manifestations. Evaluation for presence of insomnia, anxiety and depression were done using insomnia severity index (ISI), Hamilton’s anxiety (HAM-A) and depression rating scales (HAM-D), respectively. Laboratory investigations included complete blood count (CBC), kidney function test, liver function test, C-reactive protein (CRP), and inflammatory markers including ESR, CRP and Ferritin level. EQ-5D-5L and EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) were used to assess participants’ overall health status and quality of life. COVID-19 patients suffered from cough (76%), fever (72.9%), fatigue (72.9%), dyspnea (69.8%) and muscle/joint pain (66.1%) as the most distressing symptoms during period of acute infection. Regarding post-COVID syndrome (PCS); Dyspnea (32.2%), fatigue (26.1%), muscle/joint pain (22.6%), loss of taste (16.5%) and loss of smell (15.7%) were the most prevalent at 3 month evaluation. 46.9% patients developed manifestations attributable to post-COVID syndrome. Fever, cough, loss of smell and taste, fatigue, anxiety and insomnia persisted significantly for longer periods among severe cases (Group 2). EQ-5D-5L domains were significantly impaired among severe COVID patients. Significant positive correlation noticed between age and increased duration of dyspnea, muscle/joint pains and depression. Also, CT chest severity scores showed significant correlation with dyspnea, fatigue, muscle/joint pains (P=0.023, 0.012 and <0.001; respectively). High prevalence of Post-COVID syndrome is a challenge to health care resources. PCS directly impacts mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain perception and anxiety and therefore is associated with lower quality of life among post-COVID patients.
{"title":"Post-COVID syndrome: Clinical pattern and impact on health related quality of life","authors":"Ashraf Mohamed, L. Shaaban, Mostafa Mahmoud Attia, Waleed Khaleel","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_6_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_6_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 COVID-19 management has changed from just dealing with a novel respiratory viral illness to unraveling the mystery of a systemic disease. This study aimed to assess clinical pattern for post-COVID survivors and impact on quality of life.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 115 Patients suffering from COVID-19 affection were recruited in this study. The assessment included clinical history with special attention to symptoms attributable to post-COVID manifestations. Evaluation for presence of insomnia, anxiety and depression were done using insomnia severity index (ISI), Hamilton’s anxiety (HAM-A) and depression rating scales (HAM-D), respectively. Laboratory investigations included complete blood count (CBC), kidney function test, liver function test, C-reactive protein (CRP), and inflammatory markers including ESR, CRP and Ferritin level. EQ-5D-5L and EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) were used to assess participants’ overall health status and quality of life.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 COVID-19 patients suffered from cough (76%), fever (72.9%), fatigue (72.9%), dyspnea (69.8%) and muscle/joint pain (66.1%) as the most distressing symptoms during period of acute infection. Regarding post-COVID syndrome (PCS); Dyspnea (32.2%), fatigue (26.1%), muscle/joint pain (22.6%), loss of taste (16.5%) and loss of smell (15.7%) were the most prevalent at 3 month evaluation. 46.9% patients developed manifestations attributable to post-COVID syndrome. Fever, cough, loss of smell and taste, fatigue, anxiety and insomnia persisted significantly for longer periods among severe cases (Group 2). EQ-5D-5L domains were significantly impaired among severe COVID patients. Significant positive correlation noticed between age and increased duration of dyspnea, muscle/joint pains and depression. Also, CT chest severity scores showed significant correlation with dyspnea, fatigue, muscle/joint pains (P=0.023, 0.012 and <0.001; respectively).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 High prevalence of Post-COVID syndrome is a challenge to health care resources. PCS directly impacts mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain perception and anxiety and therefore is associated with lower quality of life among post-COVID patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"163 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respiratory diseases constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective of our study was to identify the causes and factors associated with the death of patients in the Pulmonology Department of the Treichville University Hospital. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study analyzing patients who died while hospitalized in the Pneumology Department of Treichville University Hospital between April 2019 and April 2020. The study covered 514 files, including 177 deaths, representing an overall mortality of 34.4%. There were 109 men and 68 women with an average age of 45.20 years. The main antecedents were HIV infection (42.18%) and tuberculosis (38.1%). The main causes of death were pulmonary tuberculosis (49.69%), pneumocystosis (20.75%), and bacterial pneumonia (18.87%). Severe anemia (53.68%) and severe renal failure (19.85%) were the biological abnormalities associated with pulmonary pathologies. In univariate analysis, the factors associated with deaths were age less than 25 years, HIV seropositivity, nonmedical access to the service, self-medication, the presence of signs of initial clinical and radiological severity, a diagnosis of tuberculosis and neoplastic pathology, also the existence of difficulties during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis revealed HIV infection [odds ratio (OR)=1.46, confidence interval (CI)=0.27–0.77, P=0.003], diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (OR=1.51, CI=0.30–0.87, P=0.01), the presence of signs of clinical severity (OR=1.20, CI=0.09–0.42, P=0.00) and initial radiological severity (OR=1.27, CI=0.11–0.64, P=0.003) and the presence of difficulties during hospitalization (OR=1.16, CI=0.05–0.54, P=0.003). Mortality remains high in pulmonology hospitalizations. Currently, tuberculosis and HIV infection are the main causes of death. Efforts to combat these two conditions must be strengthened by taking into account these factors associated with deaths.
{"title":"Causes and factors of death in the Pulmonology Department in Abidjan","authors":"Kadiatou Samaké, Zakaria Konéa, Ahou Thomas Joseph Daixa, Grace Esther Kilankoa, Cyriaque Valencia Aholiaa, Alimata Sandia Bakayoko, Kouao Medard Serge Domouaa","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_3_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_3_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Respiratory diseases constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective of our study was to identify the causes and factors associated with the death of patients in the Pulmonology Department of the Treichville University Hospital.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This was a retrospective cross-sectional study analyzing patients who died while hospitalized in the Pneumology Department of Treichville University Hospital between April 2019 and April 2020.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study covered 514 files, including 177 deaths, representing an overall mortality of 34.4%. There were 109 men and 68 women with an average age of 45.20 years. The main antecedents were HIV infection (42.18%) and tuberculosis (38.1%). The main causes of death were pulmonary tuberculosis (49.69%), pneumocystosis (20.75%), and bacterial pneumonia (18.87%). Severe anemia (53.68%) and severe renal failure (19.85%) were the biological abnormalities associated with pulmonary pathologies. In univariate analysis, the factors associated with deaths were age less than 25 years, HIV seropositivity, nonmedical access to the service, self-medication, the presence of signs of initial clinical and radiological severity, a diagnosis of tuberculosis and neoplastic pathology, also the existence of difficulties during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis revealed HIV infection [odds ratio (OR)=1.46, confidence interval (CI)=0.27–0.77, P=0.003], diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (OR=1.51, CI=0.30–0.87, P=0.01), the presence of signs of clinical severity (OR=1.20, CI=0.09–0.42, P=0.00) and initial radiological severity (OR=1.27, CI=0.11–0.64, P=0.003) and the presence of difficulties during hospitalization (OR=1.16, CI=0.05–0.54, P=0.003).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Mortality remains high in pulmonology hospitalizations. Currently, tuberculosis and HIV infection are the main causes of death. Efforts to combat these two conditions must be strengthened by taking into account these factors associated with deaths.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Noorwali, Bader J. Alharthi, Essam A. Elgamal, W. A. Elrefaey, Ibrahim S. Ghita, O. Badr
Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially fatal condition for which prompt recognition, risk assessment and appropriate treatment must be implemented to reduce mortality and morbidity. This study was planned to analyze all cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE) admitted to the tertiary care hospital during three successive Muslim hajj seasons. A prospective observational study that included 135 patients of which 65 patients were with deep vein thrombosis (DVT group), 50 patients were with pulmonary embolism (PE group) and 20 patients were with concomitant DVT and PE (DVT/PE group). All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, laboratory, and radiological studies. The presentation with hemodynamic compromise and the percentage of mortality were more in patients with DVT/ PE compared to patients with PE alone. The patients in the DVT group had the highest D-dimer and triglyceride levels. The patients in the PE group had the most severe tachypnea and the highest values of cardiac biomarkers and aminotransferases. The patients in the DVT/PE group had the most rapid average pulse, the lowest average blood pressure, and the lowest oxygen saturation. The presentations with DVT or DVT/PE were more in females and presentation with PE without DVT was more in males. Hajjis with VTE presented with less frequent symptoms, more overt clinical signs, more hemodynamic compromise and overall mortality compared to other studies. The study information may encourage the designated health authorities to raise awareness and implement VTE preventive measures during pilgrimage season.
{"title":"Venous thromboembolism during three muslim pilgrimage seasons","authors":"A. Noorwali, Bader J. Alharthi, Essam A. Elgamal, W. A. Elrefaey, Ibrahim S. Ghita, O. Badr","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_74_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_74_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially fatal condition for which prompt recognition, risk assessment and appropriate treatment must be implemented to reduce mortality and morbidity. This study was planned to analyze all cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE) admitted to the tertiary care hospital during three successive Muslim hajj seasons.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A prospective observational study that included 135 patients of which 65 patients were with deep vein thrombosis (DVT group), 50 patients were with pulmonary embolism (PE group) and 20 patients were with concomitant DVT and PE (DVT/PE group). All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, laboratory, and radiological studies.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The presentation with hemodynamic compromise and the percentage of mortality were more in patients with DVT/ PE compared to patients with PE alone. The patients in the DVT group had the highest D-dimer and triglyceride levels. The patients in the PE group had the most severe tachypnea and the highest values of cardiac biomarkers and aminotransferases. The patients in the DVT/PE group had the most rapid average pulse, the lowest average blood pressure, and the lowest oxygen saturation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The presentations with DVT or DVT/PE were more in females and presentation with PE without DVT was more in males. Hajjis with VTE presented with less frequent symptoms, more overt clinical signs, more hemodynamic compromise and overall mortality compared to other studies. The study information may encourage the designated health authorities to raise awareness and implement VTE preventive measures during pilgrimage season.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pulmonary disease characterized by persistent respiratory difficulties and impaired airflow. COPD patients have a higher risk for lung infections, like the flu or pneumonia, lung cancer, heart problems, weak muscles, brittle bones, depression, and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ECG abnormalities in patients with COPD experiencing exacerbations. The research encompassed a cohort of 832 individuals diagnosed with COPD who encountered episodes of exacerbations. Five hundred seventy-five (69.11%) of the included participants were women, and 257 (30.89%) were men. The included participants ranged from 18 to 60 years old. It was ensured that none of the participants had received any treatment for their condition for more than 3 days. Based on the level of exacerbation severity, the patient population is categorized into three distinct groups: moderate, comprising 330 (39.66%) individuals; severe, encompassing 406 (48.79%) individuals; and extremely severe, consisting of 96 (11.53%) individuals. During episodes of exacerbation in patients with COPD, the following ECG alterations were observed: a QTc less than 0.40 s in 99.15% of cases, a transitional ECG zone in 74.33% of cases, a P more than 2.5 mm in 45.67% of cases, an axis deviation towards the second quadrant (axis II) in 28% of cases, an incomplete right bundle branch block in 26.32% of cases, and a full right bundle branch block in 25.60% of cases. Regardless of prior cardiac pathology, ECG is a low-cost, quick, and dependable modality for detecting ischemic changes in people experiencing a flare-up of COPD.
{"title":"ECG abnormalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: can the ECG record still astound us? A prospective study","authors":"Lazović Biljana, Zivotic Ivan, D. Radmila, Jovičić Nevena, Simonovic Isidora, Milic Rade, Sarac Sanja","doi":"10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_61_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_61_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pulmonary disease characterized by persistent respiratory difficulties and impaired airflow. COPD patients have a higher risk for lung infections, like the flu or pneumonia, lung cancer, heart problems, weak muscles, brittle bones, depression, and anxiety.\u0000 The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ECG abnormalities in patients with COPD experiencing exacerbations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The research encompassed a cohort of 832 individuals diagnosed with COPD who encountered episodes of exacerbations. Five hundred seventy-five (69.11%) of the included participants were women, and 257 (30.89%) were men. The included participants ranged from 18 to 60 years old. It was ensured that none of the participants had received any treatment for their condition for more than 3 days.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Based on the level of exacerbation severity, the patient population is categorized into three distinct groups: moderate, comprising 330 (39.66%) individuals; severe, encompassing 406 (48.79%) individuals; and extremely severe, consisting of 96 (11.53%) individuals. During episodes of exacerbation in patients with COPD, the following ECG alterations were observed: a QTc less than 0.40 s in 99.15% of cases, a transitional ECG zone in 74.33% of cases, a P more than 2.5 mm in 45.67% of cases, an axis deviation towards the second quadrant (axis II) in 28% of cases, an incomplete right bundle branch block in 26.32% of cases, and a full right bundle branch block in 25.60% of cases.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Regardless of prior cardiac pathology, ECG is a low-cost, quick, and dependable modality for detecting ischemic changes in people experiencing a flare-up of COPD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":519530,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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