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Health literacy as a complex practice 健康素养是一项复杂的实践
Pub Date : 2012-05-30 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V20I1.2618
J. Hunter, M. Franken
As attention to health literacy grows as an area for policy intervention,policy discourse continues to draw on skills deficit and patient compliance, buttressed by the dominant political discourse of individual responsibility. But for patients, the health domain is interwoven with linguistic challenges, significant affective issues, underlying cultural dimensions, political and economic exigencies, variable access to resources, and cognitive and situated complexity. From these perspectives, this article reports on findings of an ongoing study of health literacy demands in the Midlands region of the North Island of New Zealand, an area of high ethnic and socio-economic diversity.The study focuses on patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease - two chronic areas strongly associated with ‘failure to care’ and identifed as having reached epidemic proportions. It analyses work to date:health professionals’ conceptions of and responses to perceived patients’ health literacy needs, and health information documents for patients. Implications of the study support the need for improvement in language and literacy skills among patients, but also the recognition of complexity and a collective responsibility for effective health communication.
随着对卫生知识普及的关注日益成为政策干预的一个领域,政策话语继续利用技能不足和患者依从性,并得到个人责任这一占主导地位的政治话语的支持。但对于患者来说,健康领域与语言挑战、重大情感问题、潜在的文化维度、政治和经济紧急情况、资源获取的可变途径以及认知和处境的复杂性交织在一起。从这些角度出发,本文报告了一项正在进行的关于新西兰北岛米德兰兹地区卫生知识普及需求的研究结果,该地区种族和社会经济多样性高。这项研究的重点是糖尿病和心血管疾病患者——这两个慢性疾病与“缺乏护理”密切相关,并已被确定为已达到流行病的程度。它分析了迄今为止的工作:卫生专业人员对感知到的患者健康素养需求的概念和反应,以及患者的健康信息文件。这项研究的意义支持了提高患者语言和读写技能的必要性,但也支持了对复杂性的认识和对有效健康沟通的集体责任。
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引用次数: 11
Developing social capital in 'learning borderlands' : Has the federal government's budget delivered for low-paid Australian workers? 在“学习边缘地带”发展社会资本:联邦政府的预算是否为低收入的澳大利亚工人提供了帮助?
Pub Date : 2012-05-30 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V20I1.2617
M. Keating
The 2011 Australian federal budget confirmed generous funding for language, literacy and numeracy programs as well as skills recognition and training for older workers as part of a strategy to upgrade workforce skills. In considering possible responses to the announcement, many Australian adult education theorists and practitioners weighed up the contexts in which such programs could build the resources and increase the options of vulnerable workers. One such group of workers, retrenched factory workers, have benefitted from participation in union-run, integrated post-retrenchment programs, which have incorporated access to language, literacy and numeracy as well as vocational education and training programs. Such programs can build on the existing social capital amongst close-knit groups of workers as they develop the confidence to transform their work identities. This article draws on results from a study with a group of retrenched textile workers who accessed broad-based post-retrenchment support and subsequently participated in a high number of vocational education and training (VET) courses before finding ongoing employment. The study suggests that VET participation plays a limited role in broadening the employment opportunities for retrenched factory workers who move into low-paid occupations. Whilst VET participation alongside other factors supported entry into some occupations, it played no role in supporting most workers in their transitions into non-manufacturing jobs.
2011年澳大利亚联邦预算确认,将为语言、识字和算术项目以及对老年工人的技能识别和培训提供大量资金,作为提高劳动力技能战略的一部分。在考虑对这一声明可能做出的反应时,许多澳大利亚成人教育理论家和实践者权衡了这样的项目可以建立资源和增加弱势工人选择的背景。其中一组工人是被裁员的工厂工人,他们受益于参加由工会管理的裁员后综合项目,这些项目包括语言、识字和算术以及职业教育和培训项目。这些项目可以建立在紧密联系的工人群体之间现有的社会资本的基础上,因为他们培养了改变工作身份的信心。本文借鉴了对一组下岗纺织工人的研究结果,这些工人在下岗后获得了广泛的支持,随后参加了大量的职业教育和培训(VET)课程,然后才找到了持续的工作。研究表明,职业教育培训的参与在扩大工厂裁员工人进入低薪职业的就业机会方面发挥了有限的作用。虽然VET的参与和其他因素一起支持了一些职业的进入,但它在支持大多数工人过渡到非制造业工作方面没有发挥作用。
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引用次数: 1
Phonetics for Phonics 拼读的语音
Pub Date : 2012-05-30 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V20I1.2621
R. Forman
Review of: PHONETICS FOR PHONICS: UNDERPINNING KNOWLEDGE FOR ADULT LITERACY PRACTITIONERS by MAXINE BURTON
书评:《语音的语音:成人识字工作者的基础知识》,作者:玛克辛·伯顿
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引用次数: 0
'Passivity' or 'Potential'?: Teacher responses to learner identity in the low-level ESL classroom “被动”还是“潜力”?:低水平ESL课堂中教师对学习者认同的反应
Pub Date : 2012-05-30 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V20I1.2620
Sue Ollerhead
This paper explores some initial findings from a multi-site, classroom-based case study research project into English as a Second Language (ESL) literacy provision to very low-literate adult learners within Australia’s Language, Literacy and Numeracy Program (LLNP). The aim of the research is to report on the researcher’s observations of teachers’ pedagogical practices and to investigate the extent to which they are responsive to learners’ developing and multiple identities.
本文探讨了澳大利亚语言、读写和算术计划(LLNP)中英语作为第二语言(ESL)读写能力非常低的成人学习者的多站点、基于课堂的案例研究项目的一些初步发现。本研究的目的是报告研究者对教师教学实践的观察,并调查他们对学习者发展和多重身份的反应程度。
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引用次数: 20
Someone Like Us: Trades identities and support for work/learning 像我们这样的人:交换身份和工作/学习的支持
Pub Date : 2011-12-08 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V19I1.2416
C. Holland
This paper reflects on specific findings from a 2009 study of on and off-job learning that explored apprentices’ learning experiences, formal and informal learning connections, and implications for language, literacy and numeracy in vocational learning. The study was conducted in the glazing industry in New Zealandi, and as part of that study, apprentice profiles were developed. This discussion focuses on three of those profiles and reflects on two emerging themes. The first theme is employer and apprentice perceptions of the value of apprentices coming from a ‘trades family’. The second theme is the range of inclusions and exclusions, advantages and disadvantages that apprentices experience depending on their ‘trades family’ status in both on and off-job learning. The paper then considers what kind of learning support might help integrate the different identities required within an apprenticeship.
本文反映了2009年一项关于在职和非在职学习的研究的具体结果,该研究探讨了学徒的学习经历、正式和非正式学习联系以及职业学习对语言、识字和计算能力的影响。该研究是在新西兰的玻璃行业进行的,作为该研究的一部分,开发了学徒概况。本次讨论着重于其中的三个侧面,并反映了两个新出现的主题。第一个主题是雇主和学徒对来自“行业家庭”的学徒价值的看法。第二个主题是学徒在业和非业学习中根据其“行业家庭”地位所经历的包括和排除的范围、优势和劣势。然后,论文考虑了什么样的学习支持可能有助于整合学徒期内所需的不同身份。
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引用次数: 1
Review: TEACHERS VOICES 8: EXPLICITLY SUPPORTING READING AND WRITING IN THE CLASSROOM 回顾:教师声音8:明确支持课堂上的阅读和写作
Pub Date : 2011-06-21 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V15I2.2210
Sarah Ahern
EDITED BY ANNE BURNS AND HELEN DE SILVA JOYCE National Centre for English Language Teaching and Research, Macquarie University, Sydney NSW 2005, 77pp, ISBN 1 74138 103 7 This is the most recent book in a series that deals with teaching and learning in the classroom. The specific focus of this book is the explicit support of reading and writing in adult ESL teaching, investigated through classroom projects within the framework of an action research approach. It consists of three sections: the first outlines the theoretical ideas underpinning the book, the second deals with the nature of action research, and the third and longest section presents the participating teachers’ own accounts of their research projects. It is accompanied by a DVD containing excerpts of their classroom teaching.
由安妮·伯恩斯和海伦·德·席尔瓦·乔伊斯编辑的国家英语语言教学和研究中心,麦考瑞大学,新南威尔士州悉尼,2005年,77页,ISBN 1 74138 103 7这是一系列关于课堂教学的最新书籍。本书的具体重点是成人ESL教学中阅读和写作的明确支持,通过行动研究方法框架内的课堂项目进行调查。它由三个部分组成:第一部分概述了支撑本书的理论思想,第二部分涉及行动研究的本质,第三部分也是最长的部分介绍了参与研究项目的教师自己的叙述。它还附有一张DVD,里面有他们课堂教学的节选。
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引用次数: 10
Talk and Texts at Work: Beyond language and literacy skills 工作中的谈话和文本:超越语言和读写技能
Pub Date : 2011-06-21 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V15I2.2202
H. Scheeres
In this paper I discuss changing work practices in post-bureaucratic organisations (Heckscher and Donellon 1994, Iedema 2003) as a move from a focus on how those in control formulate what is to happen at the level of work, towards requiring workers to verbalise how they see themselves as being able to contribute to the organisation. Workers are increasingly asked to talk about their work, and to negotiate their understandings of their work with others in the workplace – they are becoming discourse workers. This discourse work is integral to the increasing textualisation of work. These work practices are imbued with tensions as workers try to make sense of, and learn, new ways of ‘being’ a worker, and an important site of this struggle and learning is working in teams.
在本文中,我讨论了后官僚主义组织中工作实践的变化(Heckscher and Donellon 1994, Iedema 2003),从关注那些控制者如何在工作层面制定将要发生的事情,转向要求员工用语言表达他们如何看待自己能够为组织做出贡献。越来越多的员工被要求谈论他们的工作,并在工作场所与他人协商他们对工作的理解——他们正在成为话语工作者。这种话语工作是日益增加的工作文本化不可或缺的一部分。这些工作实践充满了紧张,因为工人们试图理解和学习“成为”一名工人的新方式,而这种斗争和学习的一个重要场所就是团队合作。
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引用次数: 8
Mathematics for Maths Anxious Tertiary Students: Integrating the cognitive and affective domains using interactive multimedia 数学焦虑大学生的数学:运用互动多媒体整合认知和情感领域
Pub Date : 2011-04-01 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V15I1.2025
J. Taylor, Linda Galligan
Today, commencing university students come from a diversity of backgrounds and have a broad range of abilities and attitudes. It is well known that attitudes towards mathematics, especially mathematics anxiety, can affect students’ performance to the extent that mathematics is often seen as a barrier to success by many. This paper reports on the design, development and evaluation of an interactive multimedia resource designed to explicitly address students’ beliefs and attitudes towards mathematics by following five characters as they progress through the highs and low of studying a preparatory mathematics course. The resource was built within two theoretical frameworks, one related to effective numeracy teaching (Marr and Helme 1991) and the other related to effective educational technology development (Laurillard 2002). Further, it uses a number of multimedia alternatives (video, audio, animations, diarying, interactive examples and self assessment) to encourage students to feel part of a group, to reflect on their feelings and beliefs about mathematics, to expose students to authentic problem solving and generally build confidence through practice and self-assessment. Evaluation of the resource indicated that it encouraged students to value their own mathematical ability and helped to build confidence, while developing mathematical problem solving skills. The evaluation clearly demonstrated that it is possible to address the affective domain through multimedia initiatives and that this can complement the current focus on computer mediated communication as the primary method of addressing affective goals within the online environment.
今天,即将进入大学的学生来自不同的背景,他们的能力和态度也各不相同。众所周知,对数学的态度,尤其是对数学的焦虑,会影响学生的表现,以至于数学常常被许多人视为成功的障碍。本文报告了一个交互式多媒体资源的设计、开发和评估,该资源旨在通过跟踪学生在学习预备数学课程的高潮和低谷中取得进展的五个特征,明确地解决学生对数学的信念和态度。该资源建立在两个理论框架内,一个与有效的计算教学有关(Marr and Helme 1991),另一个与有效的教育技术发展有关(Laurillard 2002)。此外,它还使用了许多多媒体替代方案(视频、音频、动画、日记、互动例子和自我评估)来鼓励学生感受到群体的一部分,反思他们对数学的感受和信念,让学生接触真正的问题解决,并通过实践和自我评估建立信心。对该资源的评估表明,它鼓励学生重视自己的数学能力,帮助建立信心,同时发展数学解决问题的能力。评估清楚地表明,通过多媒体举措解决情感领域是可能的,这可以补充当前对计算机媒介通信的关注,作为解决在线环境中情感目标的主要方法。
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引用次数: 25
Researching Literacy and Numeracy Costs and Benefits: What is possible 研究识字和算术的成本和收益:什么是可能的
Pub Date : 2011-04-01 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V15I1.2024
R. Hartley, Jackie C. Horne
Assessing the social and economic benefits of investing in adult literacy and numeracy and the costs of poor adult literacy and numeracy, is largely uncharted territory in Australia. Some interest was evident in the late 1980s leading up to International Literacy Year, 1990 (for example, Miltenyi 1989, Singh 1989, Hartley 1989); however, there has been little work done in the area since then, with the exception of recent studies concerned with financial literacy costs and benefits (Commonwealth Bank Foundation 2005). Assessing the benefits (returns) of workplace training in general has received some attention (for example Moy and McDonald 2000), although the role of literacy and numeracy is often implied rather than explored in any detail. In contrast, there is a considerable body of relevant research emanating from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and some European countries. The release of data from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) in the 1990s contributed to some of this research, as did policy developments for example, in the United Kingdom. The much greater use of IALS data in some other countries compared with Australia, seems to be related to a combination of factors in the overall policy and research environment for adult literacy and numeracy in each country.
评估投资于成人识字和计算能力的社会和经济效益以及成人识字和计算能力差的成本,在澳大利亚基本上是未知的领域。在1990年国际扫盲年之前的1980年代末,一些兴趣是明显的(例如,Miltenyi 1989年,Singh 1989年,Hartley 1989年);然而,从那时起,除了最近有关金融知识成本和收益的研究(联邦银行基金会2005年)之外,这一领域的工作很少。总体而言,评估职场培训的收益(回报)得到了一些关注(例如Moy和McDonald 2000),尽管识字和计算能力的作用往往是隐含的,而不是详细探讨的。相比之下,美国、加拿大、英国和一些欧洲国家开展了相当多的相关研究。1990年代国际成人识字率调查数据的公布,以及例如联合王国的政策发展,对这方面的一些研究作出了贡献。与澳大利亚相比,其他一些国家更多地使用als数据,这似乎与每个国家成人识字和计算能力的总体政策和研究环境的综合因素有关。
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引用次数: 6
Portfolio Building: The relationship with literacies in students’ everyday lives 作品集建设:学生日常生活中与读写能力的关系
Pub Date : 2011-02-04 DOI: 10.5130/LNS.V16I1.1946
A. Brzeski
This article explores some propositions about how students’ everyday lives may interact with their success at learning in a large Further Education College in England. Some students, on paper, have all the appropriate entry qualifications, but still struggle to complete their courses. Indeed, some do not complete at all. So, what could be done to help these students achieve success? As a member of a large-scale research project team, I have been investigating the home literacies of further education students. Papen (2005a:14) points out that ‘it is useful and necessary before any intervention can be planned, to carry out research which identifies learners’ everyday literacy practices’. Of course, there are many other aspects of people’s everyday lives that will influence their learning success. However, in this article I want to focus on the possibility of the influence of home literacy practices, by exploring how the reading and writing in the everyday lives of students could be drawn upon and utilized in order to help these students to succeed on their chosen college courses.
本文探讨了学生的日常生活如何影响他们在英国一所大型继续教育学院的成功学习。一些学生,在纸面上,有所有适当的入学资格,但仍然努力完成他们的课程。事实上,有些根本就不完整。那么,我们可以做些什么来帮助这些学生取得成功呢?作为一个大型研究项目组的成员,我一直在调查继续教育学生的家庭素养。Papen (2005a:14)指出,“在计划任何干预之前,开展识别学习者日常读写实践的研究是有用和必要的”。当然,人们日常生活中还有许多其他方面会影响他们的学习成功。然而,在这篇文章中,我想通过探索如何利用和利用学生日常生活中的阅读和写作来帮助这些学生在他们选择的大学课程中取得成功,来关注家庭读写实践影响的可能性。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Literacy and Numeracy Studies
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