Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701595178
V. Artyukh
This is a concise review of investigations of AGNs by the interplanetary scintillation method made in Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory.
本文简要回顾了普什奇诺射电天文台用行星际闪烁法对agn的观测。
{"title":"Investigations of physical conditions in AGNs by the radio astronomy method","authors":"V. Artyukh","doi":"10.1080/10556790701595178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701595178","url":null,"abstract":"This is a concise review of investigations of AGNs by the interplanetary scintillation method made in Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90062386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701595210
A. Efimov, L. Samoznaev, V. K. Rudash, I. Chashei, M. Bird, D. Plettemeier
Frequency and amplitude fluctuations of the Galileo S-band radio signal were recorded nearly continuously during the spacecraft's solar conjunction from December 1996 to February 1997. A strong propagating disturbance associated with a CME was detected on 8 January when the radio ray path proximate point was on the east solar limb at about 32 solar radii from the Sun. Characteristics of the CME passage through the Galileo/Earth line of sight include: (a) a noticeable change of the average frequency of the radio signal, (b) a significant increase in the fluctuation level of the radio frequency and amplitude, and (c) a dual-velocity solar wind configuration with distinctly different values of the velocity (200 km/s and 360 km/s). These velocity estimates are obtained from a correlation analysis of frequency fluctuations recorded simultaneously at two widely-separated ground stations. The frequency fluctuation cross-correlation functions are relatively narrow during the passage of the disturbance through the...
{"title":"Radio-sounding observations of a coronal mass ejection during the Galileo solar conjunction in January 1997","authors":"A. Efimov, L. Samoznaev, V. K. Rudash, I. Chashei, M. Bird, D. Plettemeier","doi":"10.1080/10556790701595210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701595210","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency and amplitude fluctuations of the Galileo S-band radio signal were recorded nearly continuously during the spacecraft's solar conjunction from December 1996 to February 1997. A strong propagating disturbance associated with a CME was detected on 8 January when the radio ray path proximate point was on the east solar limb at about 32 solar radii from the Sun. Characteristics of the CME passage through the Galileo/Earth line of sight include: (a) a noticeable change of the average frequency of the radio signal, (b) a significant increase in the fluctuation level of the radio frequency and amplitude, and (c) a dual-velocity solar wind configuration with distinctly different values of the velocity (200 km/s and 360 km/s). These velocity estimates are obtained from a correlation analysis of frequency fluctuations recorded simultaneously at two widely-separated ground stations. The frequency fluctuation cross-correlation functions are relatively narrow during the passage of the disturbance through the...","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88649920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701610316
H. Fahr, I. Chashei
Abstract We show that energetic ions, appearing in plasmas due to injection of charge-exchange-induced new ions into the magnetized plasma background, flow due to their freely convertible energy drive turbulences of Alfvenic and magneto-acoustic types. This becomes important especially under conditions of strongly charge-exchanging fluids with supersonic differential bulk velocities, as is the condition in the inner heliosphere. These ion-driven waves lead to strongly enhanced fluctuation amplitudes. As a consequence, both low- and high-energy ion populations can partly reabsorb these wave energies, and thereby experience non-thermal heatings. As a quantitative example, we calculate the non-adiabatic behaviours of solar wind ions and pick-up ions expanding with the solar wind towards large solar distances. While pick-up ions behave nearly isothermal, normal solar wind ions behave pseudo-polytropically with negative effective polytropic indices that describe temperature increases at diverging plasma flows....
{"title":"Generation of MHD turbulence by non-equilibrium ion velocity distributions in the outer heliosphere and the interstellar medium: magnetohydro-thermodynamic and kinetic views","authors":"H. Fahr, I. Chashei","doi":"10.1080/10556790701610316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701610316","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We show that energetic ions, appearing in plasmas due to injection of charge-exchange-induced new ions into the magnetized plasma background, flow due to their freely convertible energy drive turbulences of Alfvenic and magneto-acoustic types. This becomes important especially under conditions of strongly charge-exchanging fluids with supersonic differential bulk velocities, as is the condition in the inner heliosphere. These ion-driven waves lead to strongly enhanced fluctuation amplitudes. As a consequence, both low- and high-energy ion populations can partly reabsorb these wave energies, and thereby experience non-thermal heatings. As a quantitative example, we calculate the non-adiabatic behaviours of solar wind ions and pick-up ions expanding with the solar wind towards large solar distances. While pick-up ions behave nearly isothermal, normal solar wind ions behave pseudo-polytropically with negative effective polytropic indices that describe temperature increases at diverging plasma flows....","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86082917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701596846
D. Jauncey, J. Lovell, C. Senkbeil, S. Shabala, H. Bignall, T. Pursimo, R. Ojha, M. Dutka, J. Macquart, B. Rickett, L. Kedziora-Chudczer
We present the results of a large-scale 5-GHz Very Large Array (VLA) survey of the northern sky searching for sources that exhibit intraday variability (IDV). The observations were made over four epochs, each of 3 days in January, May and September 2002 and January 2003. The objective is to obtain a large sample of IDV sources in order to derive reliable statistics of the microarcsecond properties of the source population and the scattering properties of the interstellar medium.
{"title":"Microarcsecond scintillation-induced variability (MASIV) survey of the northern sky","authors":"D. Jauncey, J. Lovell, C. Senkbeil, S. Shabala, H. Bignall, T. Pursimo, R. Ojha, M. Dutka, J. Macquart, B. Rickett, L. Kedziora-Chudczer","doi":"10.1080/10556790701596846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701596846","url":null,"abstract":"We present the results of a large-scale 5-GHz Very Large Array (VLA) survey of the northern sky searching for sources that exhibit intraday variability (IDV). The observations were made over four epochs, each of 3 days in January, May and September 2002 and January 2003. The objective is to obtain a large sample of IDV sources in order to derive reliable statistics of the microarcsecond properties of the source population and the scattering properties of the interstellar medium.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77001602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701614755
V. Malofeev, O. Malov, W. Sieber, A. Jessner, S. Tyul'Bashev, B. Klein, R. Wielebinski
Abstract The diffractive interstellar scintillation of 11 pulsars at 1410 MHz and of five pulsars at 4800 MHz was analysed to estimate the spectrum of the electron density fluctuations as well as the ACF, CCF and the structure function. We present dynamic spectra for a few pulsars at high frequencies in the strong and weak regime and show that a lensing effect probably exists for pulsar PSR B2020+28 at 1410 MHz. The mean value of the indexes of the power law spectra for an ensemble of pulsars is in good agreement with a Kolmogorov spectrum.
{"title":"Pulsar diffractive scintillation at 1.4 and 4.8GHz","authors":"V. Malofeev, O. Malov, W. Sieber, A. Jessner, S. Tyul'Bashev, B. Klein, R. Wielebinski","doi":"10.1080/10556790701614755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701614755","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The diffractive interstellar scintillation of 11 pulsars at 1410 MHz and of five pulsars at 4800 MHz was analysed to estimate the spectrum of the electron density fluctuations as well as the ACF, CCF and the structure function. We present dynamic spectra for a few pulsars at high frequencies in the strong and weak regime and show that a lensing effect probably exists for pulsar PSR B2020+28 at 1410 MHz. The mean value of the indexes of the power law spectra for an ensemble of pulsars is in good agreement with a Kolmogorov spectrum.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79475792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701610332
S. Tyul'Bashev
Spectra are built for compact details of core-dominated sources. Seventy-seven compact details in sources have cut-offs in the spectrum. The estimates of physical parameters are made for them. By far, the majority of details show evidence of the equipartition between densities of energy of the magnetic field and relativistic particles. The constructed relationship between the density of energy of the magnetic field and the density of energy of the relativistic particles has not any satisfactory explanation for the present moment.
{"title":"Physical conditions in compact details of core-dominated sources","authors":"S. Tyul'Bashev","doi":"10.1080/10556790701610332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701610332","url":null,"abstract":"Spectra are built for compact details of core-dominated sources. Seventy-seven compact details in sources have cut-offs in the spectrum. The estimates of physical parameters are made for them. By far, the majority of details show evidence of the equipartition between densities of energy of the magnetic field and relativistic particles. The constructed relationship between the density of energy of the magnetic field and the density of energy of the relativistic particles has not any satisfactory explanation for the present moment.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78665263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-13DOI: 10.1080/10556790701610514
A. V. Pynzar’
It is shown that the level of plasma turbulence strongly depends on a direction in the Galaxy. It is obtained that there are nearly three orders of magnitude larger in the directions of the central portions of the Galaxy at low latitudes IbI 10°. In the galactic arms the highest values of level of turbulence are near supernova remnants located in the regions with large electron densities. We show that the typical radius of the strong turbulence region around supernova remnants is ≅ 35 pc. Within this region the level of plasma turbulence is approximately 10 times larger, than on its edges. It is concluded that presence of supernova explosions in the medium with large density is necessary for existence of strong turbulence in interstellar plasma.
{"title":"Distribution of turbulent plasma in the galaxy","authors":"A. V. Pynzar’","doi":"10.1080/10556790701610514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701610514","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown that the level of plasma turbulence strongly depends on a direction in the Galaxy. It is obtained that there are nearly three orders of magnitude larger in the directions of the central portions of the Galaxy at low latitudes IbI 10°. In the galactic arms the highest values of level of turbulence are near supernova remnants located in the regions with large electron densities. We show that the typical radius of the strong turbulence region around supernova remnants is ≅ 35 pc. Within this region the level of plasma turbulence is approximately 10 times larger, than on its edges. It is concluded that presence of supernova explosions in the medium with large density is necessary for existence of strong turbulence in interstellar plasma.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83927099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10556790601136925
Antonios D. Pinotsis
We first give an account of the discovery of the Antikythera treasure, which was found by Symian sponge divers in November 1900. Among other finds was the Antikythera mechanism, which is the ancient mechanism of the highest level of sophistication among the mechanisms that have been found until now and is considered as the highest technology mechanism in antiquity. We have included in our account information from recent literature. We also give a description of this mechanism and its function, use and purpose. Finally, we present some scientific arguments in favour of our suggestion that the creator of the Antikythera mechanism was Posidonius of Rhodes.
{"title":"The Antikythera mechanism: who was its creator and what was its use and purpose?","authors":"Antonios D. Pinotsis","doi":"10.1080/10556790601136925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790601136925","url":null,"abstract":"We first give an account of the discovery of the Antikythera treasure, which was found by Symian sponge divers in November 1900. Among other finds was the Antikythera mechanism, which is the ancient mechanism of the highest level of sophistication among the mechanisms that have been found until now and is considered as the highest technology mechanism in antiquity. We have included in our account information from recent literature. We also give a description of this mechanism and its function, use and purpose. Finally, we present some scientific arguments in favour of our suggestion that the creator of the Antikythera mechanism was Posidonius of Rhodes.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10556790601136925","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72388866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10556790701594999
N. A. Chujkova, L. P. Nasonova, T. Maximova
The contribution to the Earth external and internal gravity field from isostatically equilibrated masses of relief, density jumps on Moho boundary and anomalous masses of crust and upper mantle of the Earth in linear and quadratic approximation is found. Significant gravity anomalies are revealed in isostatically equilibrated crust and mantle, which can lead to gravitational and dynamic instability. The deviation of the external field of the Earth in isostatic equilibrium from observations demonstrates the disturbance of isostatic equilibrium in Earth.
{"title":"Gravity anomalies in the Earth's crust and upper mantle","authors":"N. A. Chujkova, L. P. Nasonova, T. Maximova","doi":"10.1080/10556790701594999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790701594999","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution to the Earth external and internal gravity field from isostatically equilibrated masses of relief, density jumps on Moho boundary and anomalous masses of crust and upper mantle of the Earth in linear and quadratic approximation is found. Significant gravity anomalies are revealed in isostatically equilibrated crust and mantle, which can lead to gravitational and dynamic instability. The deviation of the external field of the Earth in isostatic equilibrium from observations demonstrates the disturbance of isostatic equilibrium in Earth.","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78263978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10556790601017224
Y. Barkin, J. Ferrándiz, M. Ferrandez, J. F. Navarro
An analytical expression for the elastic energy of the planet tidal deformations induced by external celestial bodies and by the rotational motion of the planet has been obtained. It was shown that the elastic energy is not the additive sum of the elastic energies of rotation and the corresponding planet–perturbing body pairs but contains additional terms of mutual character. Previously we have obtained a formula for the elastic energy of superposition of the lunisolar tides which also contains additional terms of mutual character caused by the mutual influence of the Moon and the Sun. In this paper we have obtained new mutual terms caused by the combination of the rotational deformations of the planet and by lunisolar tides. These additional terms are more significant and determine the main variations in the global tension state of the Earth. With various degrees of detail, we have looked at the variations in this energy in the last few decades, and also for a hundred years into the future. The peak exci...
{"title":"The elastic energy of rotational and lunisolar tides and their role in the Earth's seismic activity","authors":"Y. Barkin, J. Ferrándiz, M. Ferrandez, J. F. Navarro","doi":"10.1080/10556790601017224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10556790601017224","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical expression for the elastic energy of the planet tidal deformations induced by external celestial bodies and by the rotational motion of the planet has been obtained. It was shown that the elastic energy is not the additive sum of the elastic energies of rotation and the corresponding planet–perturbing body pairs but contains additional terms of mutual character. Previously we have obtained a formula for the elastic energy of superposition of the lunisolar tides which also contains additional terms of mutual character caused by the mutual influence of the Moon and the Sun. In this paper we have obtained new mutual terms caused by the combination of the rotational deformations of the planet and by lunisolar tides. These additional terms are more significant and determine the main variations in the global tension state of the Earth. With various degrees of detail, we have looked at the variations in this energy in the last few decades, and also for a hundred years into the future. The peak exci...","PeriodicalId":52135,"journal":{"name":"Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80581807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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