We extracted arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spores from rhizospheres of three plants from Upo Wetland, Korea. We identified the isolated AMF spores based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of partial 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. The species diversity of AMF spores was calculated among the study sites and host plants. Consequently, nine species from six genera of AMF spores were identified. We confirmed the species diversity of the AMF spores in rhizospheres affected by host plants in the wetland. In the course of this study, we confirmed a previously unreported AMF species in Korea: Diversispora epigaea. We described the morphological features and molecular characteristics of this previously unreported AMF species.
{"title":"Spore Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Upo Wetland","authors":"K. Ko, Hyeok Park, K. Ka, Eom Ahnheum","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20190003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20190003","url":null,"abstract":"We extracted arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spores from rhizospheres of three plants from Upo Wetland, Korea. We identified the isolated AMF spores based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of partial 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. The species diversity of AMF spores was calculated among the study sites and host plants. Consequently, nine species from six genera of AMF spores were identified. We confirmed the species diversity of the AMF spores in rhizospheres affected by host plants in the wetland. In the course of this study, we confirmed a previously unreported AMF species in Korea: Diversispora epigaea. We described the morphological features and molecular characteristics of this previously unreported AMF species.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"47 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71040610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Shin, Young‐Joon Choi, C. K. Lee, Ho Sang Lee, W. Choi
A previous record of Coleosporium phellodendri on Zanthoxylum ailanthoides in Korea by Korean researchers was regarded as C. zanthoxyli by foreign scientists without further studies. To clarify the identity of a Coleosporium species occurring on Z. ailanthoides in Korea, we examined the morphological characteristics of eight materials and analyzed the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S large subunit (LSU) rDNA regions of three representative specimens which were collected in Korea and deposited in the Mycological Herbarium at Korea University (Seoul, Korea). All specimens collected in Korea were morphologically and molecularly determined to be C. zanthoxyli. Therefore, this is the first confirmed report on the presence of C. zanthoxyli on Z. ailanthoides in Korea.
{"title":"Confirmation of Coleosporium zanthoxyli on Zanthoxylum ailanthoides in Korea","authors":"H. Shin, Young‐Joon Choi, C. K. Lee, Ho Sang Lee, W. Choi","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20190010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20190010","url":null,"abstract":"A previous record of Coleosporium phellodendri on Zanthoxylum ailanthoides in Korea by Korean researchers was regarded as C. zanthoxyli by foreign scientists without further studies. To clarify the identity of a Coleosporium species occurring on Z. ailanthoides in Korea, we examined the morphological characteristics of eight materials and analyzed the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S large subunit (LSU) rDNA regions of three representative specimens which were collected in Korea and deposited in the Mycological Herbarium at Korea University (Seoul, Korea). All specimens collected in Korea were morphologically and molecularly determined to be C. zanthoxyli. Therefore, this is the first confirmed report on the presence of C. zanthoxyli on Z. ailanthoides in Korea.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"47 1","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71040965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Okouma Nguia Fulbert, Benjamin Yaw Ayim, Kallol Das, Y. Lim, Seung-Yeol Lee, Jung, Hee Young
A fungal strain, designated PTT-2, was isolated from the bark of the trunk of a persimmon (Diospyros kaki) tree in Cheongdo, Korea. The isolate showed morphological similarities with Leptosphaerulina saccharicola. Strain PTT-2 had more rapid growth on potato dextrose agar medium than on oatmeal agar, malt extract agar, and synthetic nutrient poor agar media, with colony sizes of 53.8 mm, 49.8 mm, 48.4 mm, and 28.1 mm after 7 days at 25℃ temperature, respectively. Strain PTT-2 produced ascospores, which had irregular wavy edges, oblong to ellipsoidal shape, hyaline appearance and 23.6 × 10 μm size. The black ascomata were developed on PDA medium, and asci were recorded. A BLAST search of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, TEF1-α and RPB2 gene sequences revealed that strain PTT-2 showed more than 99% nucleotide similarity with a strain of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola previously reported from Thailand. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed by concatenating the above-mentioned sequences, and showed that strain PTT-2 clustered in the same clade with L. saccharicola. Based on these findings, this is the first record of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola occurring in Korea.
{"title":"First Report of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola Isolated from Persimmon (Diospyros kaki ) Tree Bark in Korea","authors":"Okouma Nguia Fulbert, Benjamin Yaw Ayim, Kallol Das, Y. Lim, Seung-Yeol Lee, Jung, Hee Young","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20190002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20190002","url":null,"abstract":"A fungal strain, designated PTT-2, was isolated from the bark of the trunk of a persimmon (Diospyros kaki) tree in Cheongdo, Korea. The isolate showed morphological similarities with Leptosphaerulina saccharicola. Strain PTT-2 had more rapid growth on potato dextrose agar medium than on oatmeal agar, malt extract agar, and synthetic nutrient poor agar media, with colony sizes of 53.8 mm, 49.8 mm, 48.4 mm, and 28.1 mm after 7 days at 25℃ temperature, respectively. Strain PTT-2 produced ascospores, which had irregular wavy edges, oblong to ellipsoidal shape, hyaline appearance and 23.6 × 10 μm size. The black ascomata were developed on PDA medium, and asci were recorded. A BLAST search of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, TEF1-α and RPB2 gene sequences revealed that strain PTT-2 showed more than 99% nucleotide similarity with a strain of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola previously reported from Thailand. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed by concatenating the above-mentioned sequences, and showed that strain PTT-2 clustered in the same clade with L. saccharicola. Based on these findings, this is the first record of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola occurring in Korea.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"47 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71040537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyun Ju Lee, Jae Sung Lee, H. Shin, Young‐Joon Choi
Basil (Ocimum spp.) is a popular herb grown worldwide. During the past fifteen years, a downy mildew pathogen has caused considerable damage to basil cultivations. In August 2017, downy mildew disease symptoms were found on Basil Tree (or long foot Basil Tree), which was developed by the grafting of two basil varieties and is a continuous harvest plant with a woody trunk. The present study reports the occurrence of downy mildew disease in basil Tree and identifies the causal pathogen, as Peronospora belbahrii.
{"title":"Basil Tree, a New Host of Downy Mildew Pathogen Peronospora belbahrii","authors":"Hyun Ju Lee, Jae Sung Lee, H. Shin, Young‐Joon Choi","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20180031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20180031","url":null,"abstract":"Basil (Ocimum spp.) is a popular herb grown worldwide. During the past fifteen years, a downy mildew pathogen has caused considerable damage to basil cultivations. In August 2017, downy mildew disease symptoms were found on Basil Tree (or long foot Basil Tree), which was developed by the grafting of two basil varieties and is a continuous harvest plant with a woody trunk. The present study reports the occurrence of downy mildew disease in basil Tree and identifies the causal pathogen, as Peronospora belbahrii.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"46 1","pages":"235-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46586240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fungal β-glucan, known to have immunostimulatory and antitumor activities, can be recognized by host immune cells as one of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Although there are several reports on the diverse immunostimulatory activities of β-glucan, little is known about the intracellular signal transduction of β-glucan. Stimulation of RAW264.7 macrophage cells with β-glucan from Ganoderma lucidum induced the expressions of dectin-1, toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and TLR6 at the transcription stage. Treatment with β-glucan also induced inflammatory mediators such as macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-1γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Treatment of the cells with polymyxin B, an inhibitor of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), blocked the induction of inflammatory mediators in LPSor β-glucan-stimulated systems. Pretreatment of the cells in our cell culture system with LY294002, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, or U0126, a mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) kinase (MEK)1/MEK2 inhibitor, led to a reduction in the induction of inflammatory mediators in a concentration-dependent manner. These results show that stimulation of the macrophage cells by β-glucan induced the expressions of both dectin-1 and TLRs. We also found that the PI3K/Akt and MEK pathways were involved in the induction of inflammatory mediators in macrophage cells during intracellular signal transduction of β-glucan.
{"title":"Induction of dectin-1 expression and intracellular signal transduction by β-Glucan of ganoderma lucidum","authors":"H. Ryu, Ha Won Kim","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20180019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20180019","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal β-glucan, known to have immunostimulatory and antitumor activities, can be recognized by host immune cells as one of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Although there are several reports on the diverse immunostimulatory activities of β-glucan, little is known about the intracellular signal transduction of β-glucan. Stimulation of RAW264.7 macrophage cells with β-glucan from Ganoderma lucidum induced the expressions of dectin-1, toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and TLR6 at the transcription stage. Treatment with β-glucan also induced inflammatory mediators such as macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-1γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Treatment of the cells with polymyxin B, an inhibitor of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), blocked the induction of inflammatory mediators in LPSor β-glucan-stimulated systems. Pretreatment of the cells in our cell culture system with LY294002, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, or U0126, a mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) kinase (MEK)1/MEK2 inhibitor, led to a reduction in the induction of inflammatory mediators in a concentration-dependent manner. These results show that stimulation of the macrophage cells by β-glucan induced the expressions of both dectin-1 and TLRs. We also found that the PI3K/Akt and MEK pathways were involved in the induction of inflammatory mediators in macrophage cells during intracellular signal transduction of β-glucan.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"46 1","pages":"161-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47210548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fungus, Podosphaera pannosa, was identified in 1991 as the cause of powdery mildew symptoms on peach (Prunus persica var. persica) fruit from Korea based on the morphological characteristics of the conidial state. Recently, however, in Serbia and France, the cause of ‘rusty spot’ found on peach fruit was identified as P. leucotricha, and the cause of ‘powdery mildew’ on nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) fruit was identified as P. pannosa. To confirm the identity of the Korean pathogen, we collected four samples of powdery mildew from Korean peach fruit: three with the ‘powdery mildew’ symptom and one with the ‘rusty spot’ symptom. Morphological examination of the four samples confirmed P. pannosa as the pathogen. Internal transcribed spacer sequences of rDNA were analyzed for molecular characterization. A phylogenetic tree showed that the Korean isolates were clustered into a clade containing P. pannosa from Rosa species, with high sequence similarities of more than 99%. Thus, we showed that the powdery mildew and rusty spot symptoms on peach fruits from Korea are associated with P. pannosa.
这种真菌Podosphaera pannosa于1991年根据分生孢子状态的形态特征被确定为韩国桃子(Prunus persica var. persica)果实白粉病症状的原因。然而，最近在塞尔维亚和法国，在桃子果实上发现的“锈斑”被确定为P. leucotricha，而油桃果实上的“白粉病”被确定为P. pannosa。为了确认韩国病原菌的身份，我们从韩国桃果中采集了4份白粉病样品，其中3份具有“白粉病”症状，1份具有“锈斑”症状。形态学检查证实这4份标本为病原菌。分析rDNA的内部转录间隔序列进行分子表征。系统发育树分析结果表明，韩国分离株与蔷薇属的pannosa属同源分支，序列相似性超过99%。因此，我们证明了韩国桃子果实上的白粉病和锈斑症状与pannosa有关。
{"title":"Podosphaera pannosa causes powdery mildew and rusty spot on peach fruits from Korea","authors":"H. Shin, Sung-Eun Cho, I. Choi, Kyoung-Won Seo","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20180022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20180022","url":null,"abstract":"The fungus, Podosphaera pannosa, was identified in 1991 as the cause of powdery mildew symptoms on peach (Prunus persica var. persica) fruit from Korea based on the morphological characteristics of the conidial state. Recently, however, in Serbia and France, the cause of ‘rusty spot’ found on peach fruit was identified as P. leucotricha, and the cause of ‘powdery mildew’ on nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) fruit was identified as P. pannosa. To confirm the identity of the Korean pathogen, we collected four samples of powdery mildew from Korean peach fruit: three with the ‘powdery mildew’ symptom and one with the ‘rusty spot’ symptom. Morphological examination of the four samples confirmed P. pannosa as the pathogen. Internal transcribed spacer sequences of rDNA were analyzed for molecular characterization. A phylogenetic tree showed that the Korean isolates were clustered into a clade containing P. pannosa from Rosa species, with high sequence similarities of more than 99%. Thus, we showed that the powdery mildew and rusty spot symptoms on peach fruits from Korea are associated with P. pannosa.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"46 1","pages":"193-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42422673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sung-Eun Cho, Sang-Hyun Lee, Sun Keun Lee, S. Seo, H. Shin
{"title":"Identification of erysiphe izuensis on rhododendron yedoense f. poukhanense in Korea based on morphological and molecular characteristics","authors":"Sung-Eun Cho, Sang-Hyun Lee, Sun Keun Lee, S. Seo, H. Shin","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20180009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20180009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"46 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42725437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fungal endophytes are defined as fungi inhabiting plant tissues, causing no apparent disease. As the agricultural and ecological importance of endophytes has increased, many studies have been performed on various aspects, ranging from basic identification, taxonomy, and evolution to secondary metabolites with potential for human use. In the Korean Peninsula, conifers are the most commonly found evergreen trees, with approximately 30 to 60 reported taxa. Studies on the effect of conifer-associated endophytes on the host plants are required for the preservation and conservation of coniferous forests which decline by climate change and deforestation. This review summarizes the diversity of endophytic fungi in coniferous trees of Korea and their relationship with host plants.
{"title":"Diversity of Foliar Endophytic Fungi Inhabiting Coniferous Trees in Korea","authors":"J. Eo, Ahn-Heum Eom","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20180036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20180036","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal endophytes are defined as fungi inhabiting plant tissues, causing no apparent disease. As the agricultural and ecological importance of endophytes has increased, many studies have been performed on various aspects, ranging from basic identification, taxonomy, and evolution to secondary metabolites with potential for human use. In the Korean Peninsula, conifers are the most commonly found evergreen trees, with approximately 30 to 60 reported taxa. Studies on the effect of conifer-associated endophytes on the host plants are required for the preservation and conservation of coniferous forests which decline by climate change and deforestation. This review summarizes the diversity of endophytic fungi in coniferous trees of Korea and their relationship with host plants.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"46 1","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71040014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sung-I Woo, Rhim Ryoo, Y. Jang, Youngae Park, Yeun Sug Jeong, K. Ka
Molecular analysis using the internal transcribed spacer region sequences revealed that the strains used in this study, which were formerly identified as Panellus serotinus, are Panellus edullis. After Universal Fungal PCR Fingerprinting (UFPF) analysis, eight strains of P. edulis were divided into two groups. We conducted fundamental research on mycelial growth and sawdust cultivation to understand the cultural characteristics of eight wild P. edulis strains collected from Korean forests. All strains showed faster and denser mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) than on other media (malt extract agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar). Optimal conditions for mycelial growth were: 20°C on PDA, 25°C on potato dextrose broth (PDB), and pH 5~8 on PDB at 25°C. Two strains (NIFoS 2407, 3993) were selected as excellent strains based on mycelial growth and density on PDA. NIFoS 2792 showed high cellulase activities on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) agar, and NIFoS 2387 and 2804 exhibited high laccase activities on ABTS-containing agar media. The mycelial growth of P. edulis was the fastest on Quercus acutissima and Q. mongolica sawdust media, and mycelial density was the highest on Quercus spp. sawdust-containing media. Sawdust cultivation of P. edulis was successful. The conditions were 80~85 days of cultivation period after spawn inoculation, 10~11 days for primordial formation at 17~18°C, and 15~20 days for fruiting growth. NIFoS 2804 and 3993 were selected as good strains in terms of cultivation period and mushroom production. These results could be useful for the artificial cultivation of P. edulis.
{"title":"Mycelial Culture and Fruiting Analysis of Panellus edulis Strains Collected in Korea","authors":"Sung-I Woo, Rhim Ryoo, Y. Jang, Youngae Park, Yeun Sug Jeong, K. Ka","doi":"10.4489/KJM.20180039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20180039","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular analysis using the internal transcribed spacer region sequences revealed that the strains used in this study, which were formerly identified as Panellus serotinus, are Panellus edullis. After Universal Fungal PCR Fingerprinting (UFPF) analysis, eight strains of P. edulis were divided into two groups. We conducted fundamental research on mycelial growth and sawdust cultivation to understand the cultural characteristics of eight wild P. edulis strains collected from Korean forests. All strains showed faster and denser mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) than on other media (malt extract agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar). Optimal conditions for mycelial growth were: 20°C on PDA, 25°C on potato dextrose broth (PDB), and pH 5~8 on PDB at 25°C. Two strains (NIFoS 2407, 3993) were selected as excellent strains based on mycelial growth and density on PDA. NIFoS 2792 showed high cellulase activities on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) agar, and NIFoS 2387 and 2804 exhibited high laccase activities on ABTS-containing agar media. The mycelial growth of P. edulis was the fastest on Quercus acutissima and Q. mongolica sawdust media, and mycelial density was the highest on Quercus spp. sawdust-containing media. Sawdust cultivation of P. edulis was successful. The conditions were 80~85 days of cultivation period after spawn inoculation, 10~11 days for primordial formation at 17~18°C, and 15~20 days for fruiting growth. NIFoS 2804 and 3993 were selected as good strains in terms of cultivation period and mushroom production. These results could be useful for the artificial cultivation of P. edulis.","PeriodicalId":52172,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Mycology","volume":"46 1","pages":"281-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71040274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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