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State support policy for renewable energy development in emerging economies: the case of Ukraine 国家对新兴经济体可再生能源发展的支持政策:以乌克兰为例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2020.114864
T. Kurbatova, I. Sotnyk, O. Kubatko, Yevhen Baranchenko, E. Arakpogun, H. Roubík
This paper investigates the role of state policies in supporting renewable energy development in emerging economies by drawing an example from Ukraine. The economic mechanisms aimed at promoting electricity generation from renewable sources, namely, the feed-in tariff, credit programs in renewable energy field, tax and customs privileges as well as indirect mechanisms, are considered in the context of business and household sectors. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of the impact of the motivational mechanisms on the deployment of renewable energy generation capacities introduced in Ukraine from 2009-2018. Despite the state support of renewable energy development and the positive tendencies toward the operational renewable energy facilities, the green electricity share in Ukraine's final electricity consumption remains insignificant. In view of this, this paper explores the barriers impeding the large-scale deployment of renewable energy and makes recommendations for improvement, including the need for changes in the state support mechanisms.
本文以乌克兰为例,探讨了国家政策在支持新兴经济体可再生能源发展中的作用。旨在促进可再生能源发电的经济机制,即上网电价、可再生能源领域的信贷计划、税收和海关优惠以及间接机制,都是在企业和家庭部门的背景下考虑的。特别注意评估激励机制对2009-2018年在乌克兰引入的可再生能源发电能力部署的影响。尽管国家支持可再生能源发展,并积极发展可再生能源设施,但绿色电力在乌克兰最终用电量中的份额仍然微不足道。有鉴于此,本文探讨了阻碍可再生能源大规模部署的障碍,并提出了改进建议,包括改变国家支持机制的必要性。
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引用次数: 13
Indian agriculture sector: impacts from COVID-19 印度农业部门:COVID-19的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10042228
Arti Yadav, Irfan Ahmad
The livelihood of around 70% of the Indian rural population depends on the agriculture sector. In India, even the earnings of the non-agriculture sectors in terms of backward and forward linkage for agro-based businesses also get impacted by the production of agricultural products. However, issues like cereal-centric, regionally-biased, and resource-intensive production are still about the agriculture sector of India. The present study attempts to provide an insight into the present scenario of the Indian agriculture sector after providing a brief review of the agricultural literature. Through empirical analysis using multiple regression technique, it tries to find out the factors responsible for the growth of the Indian agriculture sector. The study also explores the potential impact of COVID-19 on the agriculture sector of India based on various secondary sources. The result shows that agriculture trade, level of rainfall, and infrastructure development is significantly and positively, while life expectancy and employment in agriculture are significantly and negatively impacting the agricultural contribution to the GDP of India.
大约70%的印度农村人口的生计依赖于农业部门。在印度,即使是非农业部门的收入也受到农产品生产的影响,就农业企业的前向和后向联系而言。然而,诸如以谷物为中心、地区偏见和资源密集型生产等问题仍然与印度的农业部门有关。本研究试图在简要回顾农业文献后,对印度农业部门的现状进行深入了解。通过运用多元回归技术进行实证分析,试图找出影响印度农业部门增长的因素。该研究还根据各种二手资料探讨了COVID-19对印度农业部门的潜在影响。结果表明,农业贸易、降雨水平和基础设施发展显著正向影响,而农业预期寿命和就业显著负向影响农业对印度GDP的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Searching for a new global development trajectory after COVID-19 探索新冠肺炎疫情后全球发展新轨迹
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10043277
Charis Vlados, Dimos Chatzinikolaou
A growing number of policymakers and scholars refer to the current COVID-19 pandemic crisis as a turning point in the evolution of globalisation. Following these interpretations, a relative theoretical deficiency in analysing the contour of the newly emerging global development perspective is identified. We explore the post-war evolution of world capitalism (from World War II and beyond), focusing on the following pillars: the formation of international regimes, the generation of main types of innovation, and the successive articulation of world development and crisis phases. The current transition period of the post-COVID-19 era constitutes, in its essence, a mutational crisis of the global accumulation regime and mode of regulation, accelerating the transition towards a 'new globalisation'. The generation and application of functional, institutional, and organically perceived business innovation seems to constitute the main component for a sufficiently re-stabilised new global development trajectory
越来越多的政策制定者和学者将当前的COVID-19大流行危机视为全球化演变的转折点。在这些解释之后,在分析新出现的全球发展前景的轮廓方面发现了一个相对的理论缺陷。我们探索战后世界资本主义的演变(从第二次世界大战及以后),重点关注以下支柱:国际制度的形成,主要创新类型的产生,以及世界发展和危机阶段的连续衔接。当前后冠状病毒时代的过渡期,本质上是全球积累机制和监管模式的一场全球性危机,加速了向“新全球化”的过渡。功能创新、制度创新和有机感知商业创新的产生和应用似乎构成了充分重新稳定的新的全球发展轨迹的主要组成部分
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引用次数: 1
Stock markets' responses to COVID-19 in developing countries: evidence from the SAARC region 发展中国家股市对COVID-19的反应:来自南盟地区的证据
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10043862
S. Mishra, P. Mishra
This study examined the stock markets' responses to the unprecedented outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in SAARC countries. The results support these countries' surge in stock market return volatilities amid the rapid spread of the COVID-19 infection caused by investors' pessimistic sentiments. The intensive media coverage of information related to the pandemic has weakened investors' sentiments and caused sudden market plunges in the SAARC region. During the pandemic, the performances of the stock markets in SAARC countries are found to be influenced by the number of COVID-19 confirmed and death cases, and movements in the fear index. The implication is that the stock markets of the SAARC region do not qualify to be semi-strong information efficient. This implication is important for investors.
本研究考察了股票市场对南盟国家前所未有的COVID-19大流行疫情的反应。在新冠肺炎疫情迅速蔓延的情况下,投资者的悲观情绪导致这些国家的股市回报率大幅波动,这一结果也证明了这一点。媒体对大流行病相关信息的密集报道削弱了投资者的情绪,导致南盟区域市场突然暴跌。疫情期间,南盟国家股市表现受到新冠肺炎确诊病例和死亡病例数量以及恐惧指数变动的影响。这意味着南盟地区的股票市场不具备半强信息效率的资格。这对投资者来说很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Public knowledge of seawater desalination and its impacts on the environment in Gaza strip, Palestine 巴勒斯坦加沙地带公众对海水淡化及其对环境影响的了解
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10044381
Saleh Aldaghma, J. Lizaso
The research assesses public awareness and knowledge about seawater desalination and its impacts on the environment in the coastal area in Gaza strip, Palestine focusing on the residents who live in Dier Al balh city (where the biggest seawater desalination plant was constructed). The study investigates how sociodemographics, motivational factors, and information use shape public awareness and knowledge. Data was collected using a survey from a random sample of residents in Dier Al balh city in Gaza applying criteria’s McNeill. This research followed the similar method used in previous studies for testing public awareness about desalination, marine life, and impacts on the environment. The study assessed three indicators to examine people knowledge and awareness. These indicators are Public awareness of desalination and the impacts on the environment; People self-assessed knowledge of desalination and the impacts on the environment; and Factual knowledge of desalination and the impacts on the environment. The results of the research were: Both People self assessed knowledge and factual knowledge about the desalination and its impacts on the environment were poor, with only three of thirteen factual questions answered correctly by more than 45% of respondents. Furthermore, it was found that people who were more connected with their place showed high awareness. Besides, information resources record a low relation with self assessed knowledge and awareness and lower with factual knowledge. The study encourages the public agencies to increase their efforts and be more effective in dealing with the environmental issue and to educate people more about environment. keywords: Desalination; Water crisis; Awareness; Knowledge; Environment; Palestine
该研究评估了巴勒斯坦加沙地带沿海地区公众对海水淡化及其对环境影响的认识和知识,重点是居住在迪尔阿尔巴尔赫市(最大的海水淡化厂建在那里)的居民。该研究调查了社会人口统计学、动机因素和信息使用如何塑造公众意识和知识。数据是通过对加沙迪尔巴尔赫市居民的随机抽样调查收集的,该调查采用了麦克尼尔标准。这项研究沿用了之前测试公众对海水淡化、海洋生物和对环境影响的认识的研究中使用的类似方法。该研究评估了三个指标来检验人们的知识和意识。这些指标是公众对海水淡化的认识和对环境的影响;人们自我评估海水淡化的知识和对环境的影响;以及有关海水淡化及其对环境影响的实际知识。研究结果是:人们对海水淡化及其对环境影响的自我评估知识和事实知识都很差,超过45%的受访者在13个事实问题中只有3个回答正确。此外,研究还发现,与自己所在的地方联系更紧密的人表现出更高的意识。此外,信息资源与自我评估知识和意识的关系较低,与事实知识的关系较低。该研究鼓励公共机构加大努力,更有效地处理环境问题,并对人们进行更多的环境教育。关键词:海水淡化;水危机;意识;知识;环境;巴勒斯坦
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引用次数: 0
Design and model of facemask to inactivate the novel coronavirus 新型冠状病毒灭活口罩的设计与模型
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10038859
S. Gupta
Due to the novel coronavirus spread (COVID-19) globally, governments across the world recommended the mandatory use of facemasks. The facemask helps people prevent and control the spread of virus infection. In this paper, we propose a design and model of facemask to inactivate the virus particles present in our surroundings. The proposed facemask is able to purify the air when a person inhales and exhales. The proposed mask is cost-effective, reusable, washable, and possesses the ability to disinfect the surface of facemask. The mask has the capability to trap all dust particles and virus present in the air, drastically decreasing the chance of infection. The mask is well-designed on the concept of activated carbon and copper filter.
由于新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)在全球传播,世界各国政府建议强制使用口罩。佩戴口罩有助于人们预防和控制病毒感染的传播。在本文中,我们提出了一种口罩的设计和模型,以灭活存在于我们周围的病毒颗粒。这种口罩能够在人们吸气和呼气时净化空气。本发明具有成本效益高、可重复使用、可清洗、对口罩表面消毒的特点。这种口罩能够捕捉空气中所有的灰尘颗粒和病毒,大大降低感染的机会。该口罩是基于活性炭和铜过滤器的概念精心设计的。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of rural-urban migration and its effects on urbanisation in Kano State, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡诺州城乡移徙的影响及其对城市化的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2021.10036873
Ö. Özden, S. Gucel, Mukhtar Sabiu Yahuza, Buket Asilsoy
One of the biggest world problems now is rural-urban migration, with about more than 50% of the total world's population living in urban centres. Looking at the world's virus pandemic of COVID-19 is spreading very fast;this is because of the congestion, unsanitary and high population in the urban centres. This paper highlights the problems of urbanisation in Kano State, and Nigeria as a whole. Relevant literatures were revised and conclusion and recommendation were deduced. Results show that migration problems resulted in the city over sprawl, deforestation, disturbance of wildlife, abandonment of cultural heritage, agricultural land, craftsmanship and loss of ancestral informal education and occupation. Therefore, it is recommended that rural areas of Kano State should be given special attention to reduce the rate of migration problem in urban centres around Kano State, Nigeria.
目前世界上最大的问题之一是农村向城市的移民,大约有超过50%的世界总人口生活在城市中心。看看COVID-19全球病毒大流行的传播速度非常快,这是由于城市中心的拥堵、不卫生和人口众多。本文强调了卡诺州乃至整个尼日利亚的城市化问题。对相关文献进行修订,并得出结论和建议。结果表明,人口迁移问题导致了城市的过度扩张、森林砍伐、野生动物的干扰、文化遗产、农业用地、工艺的遗弃以及祖传非正规教育和职业的丧失。因此,建议应特别注意卡诺州农村地区,以减少尼日利亚卡诺州周围城市中心的移徙率问题。
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引用次数: 0
Photochemical behavior of pretilachlor on black soil surface 苯甲草胺在黑土表面的光化学行为
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2021.10036340
P. Choudhury, Virendra Kakotiya
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引用次数: 0
Hydrogen perspectives in the world and in Ukraine 氢在世界和乌克兰的前景
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10040427
M. Benmenni
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引用次数: 0
How do local communities valuate forest conservation through participatory management A case of Amhara Region, Ethiopia 当地社区如何通过参与式管理评估森林保护——以埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区为例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10044383
Yibeltal Walle, Diptimayee Nayak
: Effective implementation of participatory forest management requires understanding of the needs of local communities and their valuation of forest resources conservation. Hence, this study used a contingent valuation method to estimate forest conservation value as hold by local community using data collected from 450 households in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The findings reveal that most households (83.9%) are willing to pay for forest conservation practices. The estimated average willingness to pay (WTP) for forest conservation is found to be 121.17 birr per household per year. The binary probit model result reveals that education, access to extension services, farmland ownership, dependency on forest resources, and membership in community forest management organisations favourably determine WTP for forest conservation. The result indicates that a significant economic value is attached to forest resources conservation, and hence, this study suggests that participatory forest management approach is important in sustainable forest management and the livelihood of the local community. School of Economics, University of Gondar. He has experience in teaching various economics courses for undergraduate students and has broad research interests in the areas of environmental economics, forestry and sustainability. Diptimayee Nayak is currently an Assistant Professor of Economics at Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India. Her research interests spread in the broad areas of environmental and ecological economics including forest ecosystems, protected area management, biodiversity conservation, sustainability, and non-market environmental valuation techniques.
:参与式森林管理的有效实施需要了解当地社区的需要及其对森林资源养护的评价。因此,本研究利用从埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区450户家庭收集的数据,采用条件估值法估计当地社区持有的森林保护价值。调查结果显示,大多数家庭(83.9%)愿意为森林保护措施付费。估计森林保护的平均支付意愿(WTP)为每户每年121.17比尔。二元概率模型结果表明,教育、获得推广服务的机会、农地所有权、对森林资源的依赖以及社区森林管理组织的成员资格有利于决定森林保护的WTP。结果表明,森林资源保护具有重要的经济价值,因此,本研究表明,参与式森林管理方法对可持续森林管理和当地社区的生计至关重要。冈达尔大学经济学院。他有教授本科生各种经济学课程的经验,在环境经济学、林业和可持续发展领域有广泛的研究兴趣。Diptimayee Nayak目前是印度北阿坎德邦鲁尔基印度理工学院人文与社会科学系经济学助理教授。她的研究兴趣广泛涉及环境和生态经济学,包括森林生态系统、保护区管理、生物多样性保护、可持续发展和非市场环境评估技术。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International Journal of Global Environmental Issues
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