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The first record of Pisolithus arhizus (Sclerodermataceae, Basidiomycota) in Central Asia 文章标题中亚地区棘球菌属(硬皮科担子菌科)的首次记录
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.04.337
Z.Sh. Islomiddinov, I.M. Mustafaev, J.P. Shirqulova, B.S. Khabibullaev, Y.W. Lim
Pisolithus is a genus of gasteroid mycorrhizal symbionts associated with trees of several families of angiosperms and gymnosperms and distributed almost worldwide. Here we report a new record of Pisolithus arhizus from Tashkent, Uzbekistan, the first record of this species in Central Asia. The fruit bodies of P. arhizus were collected in several locations within the city and identified based on morphological characters. The ectomycorrhizal fungus formed symbiotic relationships with Juniperus sp. and Quercus sp. We provide its morphological description and photographs and also discuss our findings in the context of previously known records of this species.
Pisolithus是与被子植物和裸子植物的几个科的树木有关的真菌根共生体属,几乎分布在世界各地。本文报道来自乌兹别克斯坦塔什干的一种新记录,这是该物种在中亚地区的首次记录。在本市多个地点采集了根瘤菌的子实体,并根据其形态特征对其进行了鉴定。外生菌根真菌与Juniperus sp.和Quercus sp.形成共生关系。我们提供了它的形态描述和照片,并讨论了我们的发现与该物种的已知记录的背景下。
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引用次数: 0
Blechnum spicant (Blechnaceae) in the Ukrainian flora 乌克兰植物区系中的苦楝属植物
Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.04.306
O.O. Bezsmertna, S.M. Iemelianova, H.M. Bondarenko, R.Y. Hleb, Y.O. Shtanko, H.V. Herasymchuk, V.O. Loiko, A.I. Babytskiy, V.V. Budzhak, I.M. Danylyk, N.O. Merlenko, V.V. Derkach
The article contains data about the historical and current distribution patterns of Blechnum spicant (Blechnaceae) in Ukraine. This species is quite common in the Carpathian Mountains but is very rare in other regions of Ukraine. Until recently, there were only two known localities of B. spicant in the Western Forest-Steppe (within the Podolian Upland) and only one in Crimea. We discovered one new locality of B. spicant in the Polissian (Polesian) Lowland, in Volyn Region. The article provides phytosociological and topographic data on the Polissian population. This population consists of two sub-populations, which are located not far from each other. Both of them were found in an immature birch-pine forest aged approximately 20 years, in an area of former agricultural lands. We summarise the data on the general distribution of B. spicant in Ukraine. The article also provides phytosociological, biotopic and populational information on localities of B. spicant.
这篇文章包含了关于历史和当前分布模式的数据,在乌克兰的蓝锥菊(蓝锥菊科)。这个物种在喀尔巴阡山脉很常见,但在乌克兰的其他地区非常罕见。直到最近,在西部森林草原(波多利亚高地)只有两个已知的麻辣支叶菊的地方,在克里米亚只有一个。我们在Volyn地区的Polissian低地发现了一个新的spicant地点。本文提供了波兰人口的植物社会学和地形数据。这个种群由两个亚种群组成,它们彼此相距不远。这两具尸体都是在一片年龄约为20年的未成熟桦松林中发现的,这片森林以前是农田。我们总结了在乌克兰的辣味乙的一般分布的数据。本文还提供了香姜分布地的植物社会学、生物分类学和种群学信息。
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引用次数: 0
An alternative application of some SSR DNA markers in experimental mycology 一些SSR DNA标记在实验真菌学中的替代应用
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.03.283
S. Boiko
The expediency of using unique SSR DNA-markers of Schizophyllum commune for population genetic assays in various fungal species has been demonstrated. In Auricularia auricula-judae and Irpex lacteus, we observed formation of heterogeneous amplicons mostly up to 500 bp in length that ensured their high resolution and facilitated data analysis. The established sets of molecular markers are efficient for DNA-fingerprinting of S. commune, I. lacteus, and A. auricula-judae, as well as are prospective for species of the genus Pleurotus, but need to be further enlarged.
已证明使用裂褶菌群落独特的SSR DNA标记进行各种真菌物种的群体遗传分析是方便的。在黑木耳和Irpex lacteus中,我们观察到异质扩增子的形成,其长度大多高达500bp,这确保了它们的高分辨率并便于数据分析。所建立的分子标记集对S.community、I.lacteus和A.auricula judae的DNA指纹图谱是有效的,对Pleurotus属的物种也是有前景的,但需要进一步扩大。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological, physiological, and molecular components of the adaptive response to drought in the genus Quercus (Fagaceae) 栎属(壳斗科)抗旱适应性反应的形态学、生理学和分子组分
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.03.251
I. Kosakivska, L. Voytenko, V. Vasyuk, M. Shcherbatiuk
The genus Quercus consisting of approximately 500 species is one of the dominant genera of woody plants in the Northern Hemisphere. The survival and distribution of Quercus species are profoundly influenced by extreme environmental conditions, including drought. To withstand drought stress, plants employ various adaptive strategies encompassing morphological, physiological, and molecular adaptive changes. This review aims to analyze and summarize the latest research on the adaptation of Quercus species to drought conditions, with a special focus on the species growing in Ukraine. The review explores the effects of drought on growth, productivity, physiological processes, biochemical responses, and molecular characteristics within the genus Quercus. Special attention is given to the impact of drought on photosynthetic activity, antioxidant system, synthesis of secondary metabolites, and accumulation of endogenous phytohormones. Furthermore, the review discusses recent findings from molecular genetic studies, specifically those concerning the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Emphasis is placed on the scientific and economic significance of understanding the fundamental processes underlying drought resistance, as it contributes to the selection and development of phenotypes capable of withstanding drought conditions.
栎属约有500种,是北半球木本植物的优势属之一。栎属植物的生存和分布受到干旱等极端环境条件的深刻影响。为了抵御干旱胁迫,植物采用各种适应策略,包括形态、生理和分子的适应变化。本文旨在分析和总结栎属植物适应干旱条件的最新研究进展,重点介绍了生长在乌克兰的栎属植物。本文综述了干旱对栎属植物生长、生产力、生理过程、生化反应和分子特性的影响。特别关注干旱对光合活性、抗氧化系统、次生代谢物合成和内源植物激素积累的影响。此外,本文还讨论了分子遗传学研究的最新发现,特别是关于基因组、转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组的研究。重点放在理解抗旱性的基本过程的科学和经济意义上,因为它有助于选择和发展能够承受干旱条件的表型。
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引用次数: 0
Leptospermum hoipolloi (Myrtaceae), a new species from Aotearoa / New Zealand, segregated from Leptospermum scoparium s. l. 新西兰奥特罗亚地区细尾精(金桃科)一新种。
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.03.173
Luzie M. H. Schmid, P. de Lange, A. Marshall
Leptospermum hoipolloi de Lange & L.M.H. Schmid sp. nov. (Myrtaceae) is segregated from L. scoparium J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (sensu lato). The new species is endemic to Te Ika a Maui / North Island and the northern part of Te Wai Pounamu / South Island of Aotearoa / New Zealand. The new species is morphologically distinguished from L. scoparium s. str. by the distinctly sericeous, narrower, and longer (up to 30 × 6 mm) lanceolate to elliptic lanceolate leaves, larger (up to 30 mm in diameter) flowers (these white, pink-tinged, pink-streaked or red); capsules up to 15.1 × 14.1 mm (unopened) and 16.6 × 18.0 mm (opened). Three formae are recognised, f. hoipolloi, for those plants with shorter, narrower, glabrescent leaves, mostly white (occasionally pink tinged or red) flowers, and smaller capsules; f. procumbens L.M.H. Schmid & de Lange f. nov., for those plants with a decumbent / prostrate growth habit, and silver-white to silvery grey hairy leaves, larger, white, pink-tinged or pink flowers, and larger capsules; and f. incanum (Cockayne) de Lange & L.M.H. Schmid f. comb. & stat. nov., for those plants previously recognised as L. scoparium var. incanum Cockayne, and which have an erect shrub growth habit, with longer, often broader leaves, whose young and maturing lamina is invested in silvery-grey or grey hairs; larger white, pink-tinged or streaked, pink or red flowers and capsules. Conservation assessments using the New Zealand Threat Classification System are proposed and a revised key to the Leptospermum of Aotearoa / New Zealand provided.
Leptispermum hoipoloi de Lange&L.M.H.Schmid sp.nov.(杨梅科)与L.scoperium J.R.Forst&G.福斯特。(感觉)。该新物种是Te Ika a Maui/北岛和Te Wai Pounamu北部/奥特亚南岛/新西兰的特有物种。该新种在形态上与L.scoparium s.str.的区别在于,它有明显的绢毛、更窄、更长(高达30×6毫米)的披针形到椭圆形的叶片、更大(直径高达30毫米)的花(这些花白色、略带粉红色、带粉红色条纹或红色);15.1×14.1毫米(未开封)和16.6×18.0毫米(开封)的胶囊。三种形式被认为是霍伊花粉科,指的是那些叶片较短、较窄、后脱落的植物,花大多为白色(偶尔略带粉红色或红色),蒴果较小;f.平卧植物L.M.H.Schmid&de Lange f.nov.,用于那些具有平卧/匍匐生长习惯的植物,叶为银白色至银灰色有毛,花较大、白色、略带粉红色或粉红色,囊较大;和f.incanum(Cockayne)de Lange和L.M.H.Schmid f.combstat.nov.,对于那些以前被认为是L.scoparium var.incanum Cockayne的植物,它们有直立的灌木生长习惯,叶子更长,通常更宽,其年轻和成熟的叶片上长有银灰色或灰色的毛;较大的白色,略带粉红色或有条纹,粉红色或红色的花和蒴果。提出了使用新西兰威胁分类系统进行保护评估的建议,并提供了新西兰奥特亚细精植物的修订密钥。
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引用次数: 1
Biogenic volatile organic substances of forests and their influence on climate 森林生物挥发性有机物及其对气候的影响
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.03.267
L. Batsmanova, N. Taran, O. Kosyk, N. Zaimenko
The article analyzes and summarizes data of scientific publications related to biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) of forests, their impact on atmospheric processes and climate. Studies of BVOCs of forests attracted the attention of many scientists ruring recent decades, including such aspects asmechanisms of synthesis and emissions, chemical composition, influence of biotic and abiotic factors. It was noted that during processes of their life activities, higher plants emit volatile organic substances into the air, which affects the chemical composition and physical state of the atmosphere, and adaptation of forests to ecological stress associated with climate change. BVOCs play a key role in the ozone formation and quenching, resulting in the formation of oxidation products — secondary organic aerosols that scatter sunlight and affect the formation of clouds and, ultimately, the climate. The need to take into account the functional dynamics of BVOCs at the ecosystem level is demonstrated: from the interaction of different types of ecosystems to the degradation of atmospheric compounds and potential functions of products of their reactions.
本文分析和总结了森林生物源性挥发性有机物(BVOCs)及其对大气过程和气候影响的相关科学出版物数据。近几十年来,森林BVOCs的研究引起了许多科学家的关注,包括合成和排放机制、化学成分、生物和非生物因素的影响等方面。有人指出,高等植物在其生命活动过程中向空气中排放挥发性有机物质,影响大气的化学成分和物理状态,并影响森林对与气候变化有关的生态压力的适应。BVOCs在臭氧的形成和猝灭中起着关键作用,导致氧化产物——二次有机气溶胶的形成,它们散射阳光,影响云的形成,并最终影响气候。从不同类型生态系统的相互作用到大气化合物的降解及其反应产物的潜在功能,证明了在生态系统一级考虑BVOCs功能动态的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
A critical revision of the powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphaceae, Ascomycota) of Ukraine: Erysiphe sect. Microsphaera 乌克兰白粉菌(丹毒科,子囊菌门)的一个重要修订:丹毒属。叉丝壳属
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.03.199
V. Heluta
The article continues a series of critical reviews of the species composition of powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota) of Ukraine and their distribution within the country. This article deals with species of the section Microsphaera of the genus Erysiphe. These species are distinguished by fruiting bodies that have non-mycelioid appendages with dichotomously branched apices. A list of 36 species of the section Microsphaera recorded in Ukraine with their distribution by regions is provided, as well as a key for their identification. The most common species frequently occurring in many regions of Ukraine are E. alphitoides, E. astragali, E. berberidis, E. divaricata, E. ehrenbergii, E. euonymi, E. ornata var. europaea, E. palczewskii, E. syringae-japonicae, and E. trifoliorum. Other species, such as E. baeumleri, E. elevata, E. euonymicola, E. friesii, E. grossulariae, E. hyperici, E. hypophylla, E. ornata var. ornata, E. penicillata, E. pseudoacaciae, E. robiniae, E. syringae, E. tortilis, E. vanbruntiana, and E. viburni, were recorded less often. Erysiphe azaleae, E. begoniicola, E. corylacearum, E. deutziae, E. gorlenkoi, E. guarinonii, E. magnifica, E. magnusii, E. platani, E. rayssiae, E. russellii, and E. symphoricarpi are known only from some localities. A number of species are invasive fungi mostly recorded in Ukraine relatively recently, within the last hundred years. Of them, E. alphitoides, E. palczewskii, E. syringae-japonicae, and E. vanbruntiana have become common species in Ukraine. Erysiphe azaleae, E. elevata, and E. platani can massively develop in certain regions or localities. The recently registered E. corylacearum is apparently becoming widespread in the Carpathians, E. ravenelii and E. symphoricarpi at present frequently occur in Kyiv. Some species, such as E. begoniicola, E. deutziae, E. euonymicola, E. guarinonii, E. magnifica, and E. russellii, are known from a few localities; however, in Kyiv magnolias are commonly infected by E. magnifica. At the same time, the North American species E. syringae has disappeared in Ukraine since the East Asian fungus E. syringae-japonicae started to spread on lilac. The indigenous fungus E. robiniae has also ceased to occur on Caragana arborescens, being completely replaced by the East Asian species E. palczewskii.
本文继续对乌克兰的白粉菌属真菌(丹毒科、Helotiales、子囊菌科)的物种组成及其在国内的分布进行了一系列的评述。本文报道丹毒属微孢子虫科的种。这些物种以子实体为特征,子实体具有非真菌状附属物,顶端分叉。提供了在乌克兰记录的36种微孢子虫属物种的列表及其按地区的分布,以及识别它们的关键。在乌克兰许多地区经常出现的最常见的物种是E.alphitoides、E.astralali、E.berberidis、E.divarica、E.ehrenbergii、E.euonymi、E.ornata var.europaea、E.palczewskii、E.syringae japonicae和E.trifoliorum。其他物种,如E.baeumleri、E.elevata、E.euonymicola、E.friesii、E.grossulariae、E.hyperici、E.hypopylla、E.ornata var.ornata、E.penicilata、E.pseudoacciae、E.robiniae、E.syringae、E.tortilis、E.vanbrutiana和E.viburni,记录的频率较低。丹毒杜鹃花、秋海棠、corylacearum、deutziae、gorlenkoi、guarinonii、amplifica、magnusii、platani、rayssiae、russelii和symphoricarpi仅在某些地方已知。许多物种是入侵真菌,主要记录在最近的乌克兰,在过去的一百年里。其中,羊栖木E.、帕尔切夫斯基E.、日本丁香E.和万布伦田E.已成为乌克兰的常见物种。丹毒杜鹃花、E.elevata和E.platani可以在某些地区或地方大规模发展。最近登记的E.corylacearum显然在喀尔巴阡山脉越来越普遍,E.ravenelii和E.symphoricarpi目前经常出现在基辅。一些物种,如E.begoniicola、E.deutziae、E.euonymicola、E.guarinonii、E.amplifica和E.russelii,在少数地区已知;然而,在基辅,木兰属植物通常会感染放大器E。与此同时,自从东亚真菌日本紫丁香开始在丁香上传播以来,北美物种紫丁香在乌克兰已经消失。当地真菌E.robinae也不再出现在锦鸡儿树上,被东亚物种E.palczewskii完全取代。
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引用次数: 0
A new nomenclatural combination in Reynoutria (Polygonaceae) 蓼科蓼属植物新命名组合
Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.02.133
Ihor G. Olshanskyi, S. Antonenko
The genus Reynoutria includes ca. six species native to East Asia. Hybridization is rather common in this genus. The hybrid Reynoutria ×bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková is currently widespread in Europe, Asia, North and partly South America, Australia and New Zealand. A hybrid between Fallopia compacta (Hook. f.) G.H. Loos & P. Keil and F. sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai was described recently as Fallopia ×moravica Hodálová & Mereďa. Since we accept the genus Reynoutria as separate from Fallopia, we propose a new combination for this hybrid: Reynoutria ×moravica (Hodálová & Mereďa) Olshan­skyi & Antonenko, comb. nov.
Reynoutria属包括大约六种原产于东亚的物种。杂交在本属中相当常见。Reynoutria×bohemica Chrtek和Chrtková的杂交种目前广泛分布在欧洲、亚洲、北美和部分南美、澳大利亚和新西兰。紧凑法洛皮亚(Hook.f.)G.H.Loos&P.Keil和f.sachalinensis(f.Schmidt)Nakai之间的杂交种最近被描述为法洛皮亚×莫拉维卡·霍达洛娃和MereďA。由于我们接受Reynoutria属与Fallopia是分开的,我们为这个杂交种提出了一个新的组合:Reynoutria×moravica(Hodálová&Mereďa)Olshan­skyi和Antonenko,comb。十一月
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引用次数: 0
Nomenclatural notes on South American Gentianella (Swertiinae, Gentianeae, Gentianaceae): Gentianella calanchoides, G. ernestii, and G. rima 南美龙胆属的命名注释(Swertiinae,龙胆科,龙胆科):龙胆属calanchoides,G.ernestii和G.rima
Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.01.117
J. S. Pringle
The name Gentianella rima (D. Don ex G. Don) Fabris is correctly applied to a species native to central Peru. The name G. ernestii (Briq.) Fabris ex J.S. Pringle is correctly applied to a similar species native to southern Peru. These species, along with G. calanchoides (Gilg) Fabris, are contrasted here.
龙胆ella rima (D. Don ex . G. Don) Fabris这个名字被正确地应用于一个原产于秘鲁中部的物种。G. erestii (Briq.)Fabris ex J.S. Pringle被正确地应用于原产于秘鲁南部的一种类似物种。这些物种,连同G. calanchoides (Gilg) Fabris,在这里进行对比。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution of the rare fungus Chlorophyllum agaricoides (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Ukraine 乌克兰稀有真菌沉香吊兰(沉香门,担子菌科)分布
Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj80.02.136
Y. Makarenko, V. Heluta
The article reports distribution data on a rare fungus Chlorophyllum agaricoides (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Ukraine. This species has secotioid fruiting bodies as a result of adaptation of agaricoid fungi to arid environmental conditions. Chlorophyllum agaricoides is on the Red Lists of fungi in several European countries. In Ukraine, it is known from the following regions: Central (Right Bank) Polissya; Right Bank and Kharkiv Forest-Steppe; Donetsk, Right Bank, Left Bank, and Starobilsk Grass-Meadow Steppe; Right Bank and Left Bank Grass Steppe. New records from Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kherson, Mykolaiv, and Poltava regions were provided mainly by members of the Facebook group Fungi of Ukraine and added to the list of previously known localities of the fungus. Despite the increased number of finds, C. agaricoides remains a very rare species in Ukraine. Therefore, this species is proposed to be included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine and the need of searching for its new localities is emphasized.
本文报道了乌克兰一种稀有真菌——沉香吊兰(沉香门,担子菌科)的分布资料。由于类木链真菌对干旱环境条件的适应,本种具有类木链子实体。在一些欧洲国家,琼脂吊兰被列入真菌红色名录。在乌克兰,它以以下地区而闻名:中央(右岸)波利西亚;右岸和哈尔科夫森林草原;顿涅茨克、右岸、左岸和斯塔罗比尔斯克草甸草原;右岸和左岸草地草原。来自Dnipropetrovsk,顿涅茨克,Kherson, Mykolaiv和Poltava地区的新记录主要由Facebook小组乌克兰真菌的成员提供,并添加到以前已知的真菌地点列表中。尽管发现的数量有所增加,但在乌克兰仍是一种非常罕见的物种。因此,建议将该物种列入乌克兰红皮书,并强调寻找其新地点的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Ukrainian Botanical Journal
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