{"title":"Women's Empowerment From An Islamic Perspective (Analytical Study)","authors":"K. Umam, Muhammad Agus Waskito","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i2.9069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i2.9069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47256000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable financing is one of the international issues that has been widely discussed due to the issue of climate change. Green sukuk is one of the sustainable financing instruments that are sharia-compliant. However, companies in Indonesia have not shown interest in issuing corporate green sukuk. Various problems and challenges faced by the company to be able to issue corporate green sukuk. The purpose of this study is to know the problem of issuing corporate green sukuk in Indonesia and the best solutions that can be used. The research method used is Analytic Network Process (ANP). In this study, respondents came from experts of corporate green sukuk problems. Total respondents of this research were 5 peoples who came from academia, company actors and regulators. The results show that the main problem in issuing corporate green sukuk is the lack of understanding from market participants. Meanwhile, in terms of solutions, the incentive provided by the government is the main solution to encourage the issuance of corporate green sukuk.
{"title":"Identify the Issuance Problem of Corporate Green Sukuk in Indonesia","authors":"B. Hania, Endri Endri, I. Indra","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i2.8404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i2.8404","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable financing is one of the international issues that has been widely discussed due to the issue of climate change. Green sukuk is one of the sustainable financing instruments that are sharia-compliant. However, companies in Indonesia have not shown interest in issuing corporate green sukuk. Various problems and challenges faced by the company to be able to issue corporate green sukuk. The purpose of this study is to know the problem of issuing corporate green sukuk in Indonesia and the best solutions that can be used. The research method used is Analytic Network Process (ANP). In this study, respondents came from experts of corporate green sukuk problems. Total respondents of this research were 5 peoples who came from academia, company actors and regulators. The results show that the main problem in issuing corporate green sukuk is the lack of understanding from market participants. Meanwhile, in terms of solutions, the incentive provided by the government is the main solution to encourage the issuance of corporate green sukuk.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42688688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to shed light on Malaysian economic development in light of demographics and politics while focusing on economic legislation that had the largest effect on the outlook of the nation known to the world today. Then the paper discusses the beginnings of how Islamic economics was introduced to the scene and how the industry developed wider and faster than most Islamic economies in the world. This paper also explains this rapid development in the context of the nation’s political-economic development. The paper is qualitative and analytical; it addresses developments up to 2017 although few discussions extend beyond that period, for many developments after 2017 were not significant enough to change the perspectives. The paper incorporates fieldwork, observations, and interviews that took place in 2017. The paper concludes that certain socio-economic policies need to be updated to suit today's generations and allow for the continuation of development at high rates. Furthermore, the expansion of Islamic economics is beneficial; however, the industry demands detail and procession more than ever, especially in sharia compliance, This matter is important because it associates to customer trust that is highly significant for continues development in the industry.
{"title":"The Malaysian Political Economy: Economic Transformation & the Expansion of Islamic Economics","authors":"A. Migdad, Harun Adams Babngida","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i2.7210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i2.7210","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to shed light on Malaysian economic development in light of demographics and politics while focusing on economic legislation that had the largest effect on the outlook of the nation known to the world today. Then the paper discusses the beginnings of how Islamic economics was introduced to the scene and how the industry developed wider and faster than most Islamic economies in the world. This paper also explains this rapid development in the context of the nation’s political-economic development. The paper is qualitative and analytical; it addresses developments up to 2017 although few discussions extend beyond that period, for many developments after 2017 were not significant enough to change the perspectives. The paper incorporates fieldwork, observations, and interviews that took place in 2017. The paper concludes that certain socio-economic policies need to be updated to suit today's generations and allow for the continuation of development at high rates. Furthermore, the expansion of Islamic economics is beneficial; however, the industry demands detail and procession more than ever, especially in sharia compliance, This matter is important because it associates to customer trust that is highly significant for continues development in the industry.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46935266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Azizah Az zakiyyah, I. Q. A’yun, Firsty Ramadhona Amalia Lubis
Globalization that took place in the last few decades has caused various changes in the world economic order. This effort was also carried out by Muslim countries with the aim of improving economic relations and coordination at the regional level so that the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) was formed. This study analyzes the comparative advantage and trade patterns between Indonesia and the OIC countries which are limited by 10 OIC member countries which have the largest average export value from Indonesia over the last ten years. These countries include Bangladesh, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Egypt, Pakistan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Data analysis in this study uses a quantitative approach. In this study, statistical software tools will be used, namely Microsoft Excel to calculate RCA, RSCA and also trading patterns of the 10 OIC countries with the largest trade volume, Indonesia tends to have a comparative advantage in products of Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage (HS 15) and Man-made staple fibers (HS 55) where these products are products that have a comparative advantage in the ten countries. Indonesia managed to maintain the same comparative advantage in 2005 and 2020 against the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where the superior product group in those 2 years was exactly the same and only changed its ranking position.
{"title":"Comparative Trade Analysis Between Indonesia and Organization Islamic Country","authors":"Nurul Azizah Az zakiyyah, I. Q. A’yun, Firsty Ramadhona Amalia Lubis","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i2.7316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i2.7316","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization that took place in the last few decades has caused various changes in the world economic order. This effort was also carried out by Muslim countries with the aim of improving economic relations and coordination at the regional level so that the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) was formed. This study analyzes the comparative advantage and trade patterns between Indonesia and the OIC countries which are limited by 10 OIC member countries which have the largest average export value from Indonesia over the last ten years. These countries include Bangladesh, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Egypt, Pakistan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Data analysis in this study uses a quantitative approach. In this study, statistical software tools will be used, namely Microsoft Excel to calculate RCA, RSCA and also trading patterns of the 10 OIC countries with the largest trade volume, Indonesia tends to have a comparative advantage in products of Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage (HS 15) and Man-made staple fibers (HS 55) where these products are products that have a comparative advantage in the ten countries. Indonesia managed to maintain the same comparative advantage in 2005 and 2020 against the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where the superior product group in those 2 years was exactly the same and only changed its ranking position.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41392867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential for zakat in Indonesia is very huge, in 2019 it reached Rp 233,8 trillion but the collection by the zakat management organization (ZMO) is very small, only around 3.2%. This phenomenon occurs both at the national and regional scales. KSB is one of the areas in Indonesia with a majority Muslim population, where out of 159.980 prosperous people, 98,44% are Muslims. This situation illustrates the potential for zakat in KSB. However, the phenomenon found in the field is the opposite. From the result of research on this phenomenon, four factors were found, namely awareness of muzakki, trust in ZMO, work scope of WMO, and small incentives for muzakki. To increase the effectiveness of zakat collection, an intervention is needed. This research is a qualitative research using the Susamto’s Four Fields as an analytical tool. The result found that the most likely form of intervention to be carried out was in the form of providing additional incentives for muzakkis who had paid their zakat. This insentive is not from areduction in the total zakat collection, but from other thing that can continue to trigger the spirit of muzakki. This effectiveness program must be institutionalized with support from the government.
{"title":"Efektivasi Pengumpulan Zakat di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat","authors":"Amir Ma’ruf","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i1.7060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i1.7060","url":null,"abstract":"The potential for zakat in Indonesia is very huge, in 2019 it reached Rp 233,8 trillion but the collection by the zakat management organization (ZMO) is very small, only around 3.2%. This phenomenon occurs both at the national and regional scales. KSB is one of the areas in Indonesia with a majority Muslim population, where out of 159.980 prosperous people, 98,44% are Muslims. This situation illustrates the potential for zakat in KSB. However, the phenomenon found in the field is the opposite. From the result of research on this phenomenon, four factors were found, namely awareness of muzakki, trust in ZMO, work scope of WMO, and small incentives for muzakki. To increase the effectiveness of zakat collection, an intervention is needed. This research is a qualitative research using the Susamto’s Four Fields as an analytical tool. The result found that the most likely form of intervention to be carried out was in the form of providing additional incentives for muzakkis who had paid their zakat. This insentive is not from areduction in the total zakat collection, but from other thing that can continue to trigger the spirit of muzakki. This effectiveness program must be institutionalized with support from the government.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47611929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The last half of the twentieth century witnessed the birth of Islamic banks. Since their inception, these banks have announced - through their theoreticians - their intention to achieve economic and social development based on their commitment to the principles and provisions of Islamic Sharia. The theoreticians' interests were towards long-term investment and partnership-based contracts as a foundation for mobilizing and using financial resources to achieve development. The paper studies the performance of Islamic banks by collecting data from six Islamic banks in six of the major Muslim countries that engage in Islamic finance. Some of the main conclusions are as follows: The Islamic banks' practice reveals that the thoughts of leading theorists have become absent, as these banks have shifted from the long-term investment method to the short-term commercial method in search of liquidity and profitability. As a result, Murabaha became an alternative to credit on the output side. In turn, current deposits dominated the input side, thus transforming Islamic banks into a form similar to commercial banks. The matter was made worse by the resorting of some Islamic banks to the application of organized 'tawarruq,' which reflects the tendency of some current theorists and implementers to follow the path of traditional banks and enter the tunnel of the jurisprudence of reprehensible tricks. Also, the social role hoped for by Islamic banks has become closer to stagnation than to hoped-for mobility.
{"title":"Islamic Banks Between the Jurisprudence of Leading Theorists and Application","authors":"Abdalrahman Mohamad Migdad, Ashraf Dawaba","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i1.7936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i1.7936","url":null,"abstract":"The last half of the twentieth century witnessed the birth of Islamic banks. Since their inception, these banks have announced - through their theoreticians - their intention to achieve economic and social development based on their commitment to the principles and provisions of Islamic Sharia. The theoreticians' interests were towards long-term investment and partnership-based contracts as a foundation for mobilizing and using financial resources to achieve development. The paper studies the performance of Islamic banks by collecting data from six Islamic banks in six of the major Muslim countries that engage in Islamic finance. Some of the main conclusions are as follows: The Islamic banks' practice reveals that the thoughts of leading theorists have become absent, as these banks have shifted from the long-term investment method to the short-term commercial method in search of liquidity and profitability. As a result, Murabaha became an alternative to credit on the output side. In turn, current deposits dominated the input side, thus transforming Islamic banks into a form similar to commercial banks. The matter was made worse by the resorting of some Islamic banks to the application of organized 'tawarruq,' which reflects the tendency of some current theorists and implementers to follow the path of traditional banks and enter the tunnel of the jurisprudence of reprehensible tricks. Also, the social role hoped for by Islamic banks has become closer to stagnation than to hoped-for mobility.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47666247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisda Aisyah, Meichio Lesmana, Muhammad Sauqi, Agus Alimuddin
Taxes are the main sector that provides income to the state, from which these funds will be used to finance the running of various sectors in Indonesia. Therefore, to advance the country a policy is needed by optimizing tax revenue, and each taxpayer must fulfill its obligation to pay taxes. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that influence the amount of national tax revenue in Indonesia. From the theory obtained and from several previous studies, there are several factors that influence tax revenue, including the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and population. The data used in this study are secondary data for the period 2016 to 2020 taken from the official website, namely the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, which are then analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this research indicate that the gross domestic product (GDP) and population variables simultaneously and partially has an effect on state tax revenue at the 5% and 1% significance levels while when viewed through Islamic principles, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reaches 80 percent so that GDP of Indonesia is recorded at around USD 1 trillion or equivalent to Rp. 14.04 trillion.
{"title":"Analysis of the Effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Total Population on State Tax Revenue (2016-2020)","authors":"Lisda Aisyah, Meichio Lesmana, Muhammad Sauqi, Agus Alimuddin","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i1.7503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i1.7503","url":null,"abstract":"Taxes are the main sector that provides income to the state, from which these funds will be used to finance the running of various sectors in Indonesia. Therefore, to advance the country a policy is needed by optimizing tax revenue, and each taxpayer must fulfill its obligation to pay taxes. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that influence the amount of national tax revenue in Indonesia. From the theory obtained and from several previous studies, there are several factors that influence tax revenue, including the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and population. The data used in this study are secondary data for the period 2016 to 2020 taken from the official website, namely the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, which are then analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this research indicate that the gross domestic product (GDP) and population variables simultaneously and partially has an effect on state tax revenue at the 5% and 1% significance levels while when viewed through Islamic principles, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reaches 80 percent so that GDP of Indonesia is recorded at around USD 1 trillion or equivalent to Rp. 14.04 trillion.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47543110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most crucial tools in starting a business is working cash. The Covid-19 Pandemic has been going on since the fourth quarter of 2019, and in the first quarter of 2020, things got so bad that small business owners couldn't raise enough money to keep their operations going. Own capital, money from investment funds, and working capital from banks make up the business's three sources of capital. Working capital from banks refers to funds obtained from banks in the form of financing at Islamic or credit at conventional banks. Economic conditions have improved across a number of industries as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, which is starting to be under control. In this situation, the government offers a wide range of choices, from restructuring to the provision of new working capital for the microeconomic sector, to sustain economic circumstances so that they can quickly recover. Micro-scale business conditions have quickly improved as a result of the significant number of requests for working capital that financial institutions have received during this pandemic. Lower middle class or MSME entrepreneurs develop a wide range of products that can be offered on the market. Therefore, the goal of this essay is to examine the demand for working capital from an Islamic perspective during the Covid-19 pandemic. The descriptive qualitative approach is used in this research procedure. The findings of this study investigate, from the viewpoint of Islamic demand, the rising need for working capital for microbusinesses during the Covid-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Analisis Permintaan Modal Kerja Usaha Mikro Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Dalam Prespektif Permintaan Islam","authors":"M. Firdaus, Lilik Rahmawati, Zuhrotun Nisa","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i1.7205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i1.7205","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most crucial tools in starting a business is working cash. The Covid-19 Pandemic has been going on since the fourth quarter of 2019, and in the first quarter of 2020, things got so bad that small business owners couldn't raise enough money to keep their operations going. Own capital, money from investment funds, and working capital from banks make up the business's three sources of capital. Working capital from banks refers to funds obtained from banks in the form of financing at Islamic or credit at conventional banks. Economic conditions have improved across a number of industries as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, which is starting to be under control. In this situation, the government offers a wide range of choices, from restructuring to the provision of new working capital for the microeconomic sector, to sustain economic circumstances so that they can quickly recover. Micro-scale business conditions have quickly improved as a result of the significant number of requests for working capital that financial institutions have received during this pandemic. Lower middle class or MSME entrepreneurs develop a wide range of products that can be offered on the market. Therefore, the goal of this essay is to examine the demand for working capital from an Islamic perspective during the Covid-19 pandemic. The descriptive qualitative approach is used in this research procedure. The findings of this study investigate, from the viewpoint of Islamic demand, the rising need for working capital for microbusinesses during the Covid-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47194406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industry of 4.0 era it is no stranger to talk about digital wallets whose existence can make it easier for humans to make payment systems.There are many kinds of digital wallets in Indonesia, first one that is sharia-based is the "Link Aja Syariah" application where this application gets the MUI DSN certificate. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Link Aja Syariah digital wallet application from the perspective of Maslahah Mursalah. The method used in this study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach with primary data sources originating from the official website link aja sharia and secondary data referring to journals, books, ebooks, the Qur'an and hadith and other Islamic literature. Based on the results of the research above, it states that benefits provided by the Link Aja Syariah application were ease of transaction. This benefit can be felt by all, both users and agencies concerned, so that it is in line with the rules of maslaha mursalah.
工业4.0时代，谈论数字钱包并不陌生，它的存在可以使人类更容易地建立支付系统。印度尼西亚有很多种数字钱包，第一种是基于伊斯兰教法的“Link Aja Syariah”应用程序，该应用程序获得MUI DSN证书。本研究的目的是从Maslahah Mursalah的角度来分析Link Aja Syariah数字钱包的应用。本研究使用的方法采用定性方法和图书馆研究方法，主要数据来源来自aja sharia官方网站链接，次要数据来自期刊、书籍、电子书、古兰经和圣训等伊斯兰文献。基于上述研究的结果，它指出Link Aja Syariah应用程序提供的好处是易于交易。所有人，包括用户和有关机构都能感受到这种好处，因此它符合maslaha mursalah的规则。
{"title":"Analisis Dompet Digital “Link Aja Syariah” dari Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah","authors":"Anisa Fadilah Zustika, Achmad Fageh","doi":"10.21111/iej.v8i1.6279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21111/iej.v8i1.6279","url":null,"abstract":"Industry of 4.0 era it is no stranger to talk about digital wallets whose existence can make it easier for humans to make payment systems.There are many kinds of digital wallets in Indonesia, first one that is sharia-based is the \"Link Aja Syariah\" application where this application gets the MUI DSN certificate. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Link Aja Syariah digital wallet application from the perspective of Maslahah Mursalah. The method used in this study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach with primary data sources originating from the official website link aja sharia and secondary data referring to journals, books, ebooks, the Qur'an and hadith and other Islamic literature. Based on the results of the research above, it states that benefits provided by the Link Aja Syariah application were ease of transaction. This benefit can be felt by all, both users and agencies concerned, so that it is in line with the rules of maslaha mursalah.","PeriodicalId":53101,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Economics Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47772757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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