Pub Date : 2023-02-01Epub Date: 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1037/sah0000370
E-Shien Chang, Joan K Monin, Naomi Isenberg, Daniel Zelterman, Becca R Levy
Elder abuse affects one in six older persons globally. Three limitations impede progress in prevention: most research is victim- rather than perpetrator-based; the reliance on explicit, self-reported factors; and failure to account for psychological factors, such as dehumanization, that motivate abuse. The current study addressed these gaps by examining whether implicit and explicit dehumanization of t could explain elder abuse proclivity. In a web-based survey of 585 family caregivers of older persons, dehumanization was found to be prevalent with 51% of the caregivers implicitly and 31% explicitly dehumanizing older persons. As predicted, implicit and explicit dehumanization contributed to elder abuse proclivity (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02-1.50, p = .03) and (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05-1.51, p = .01), respectively, after adjusting for relevant covariates including caregiver burden, and caregivers' and care-recipients' health. Developing caregiver-based interventions to humanize older persons may complement ongoing efforts in reducing elder abuse.
全球每六名老年人中就有一名受到虐待。有三个局限性阻碍了预防工作的进展：大多数研究以受害者而非施虐者为基础；依赖于明确的自我报告因素；没有考虑到非人化等促使虐待的心理因素。本研究针对这些不足之处，研究了老年人的隐性和显性非人化是否可以解释虐待倾向。在对 585 名老年人家庭照顾者进行的网络调查中发现，非人化现象十分普遍，51% 的照顾者对老年人存在隐性非人化，31% 的照顾者对老年人存在显性非人化。正如预测的那样，在调整了包括照顾者负担、照顾者和接受照顾者的健康状况在内的相关协变量后，隐性和显性非人化分别导致了虐待老人倾向（OR = 1.23，95% CI = 1.02-1.50，p = .03）和（OR = 1.26，95% CI = 1.05-1.51，p = .01）。开发基于照顾者的干预措施，使老年人人性化，可以补充目前在减少虐待老人方面所做的努力。
{"title":"Implicit and Explicit Dehumanization of Older Family Members: Novel Determinants of Elder Abuse Proclivity.","authors":"E-Shien Chang, Joan K Monin, Naomi Isenberg, Daniel Zelterman, Becca R Levy","doi":"10.1037/sah0000370","DOIUrl":"10.1037/sah0000370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elder abuse affects one in six older persons globally. Three limitations impede progress in prevention: most research is victim- rather than perpetrator-based; the reliance on explicit, self-reported factors; and failure to account for psychological factors, such as dehumanization, that motivate abuse. The current study addressed these gaps by examining whether implicit and explicit dehumanization of t could explain elder abuse proclivity. In a web-based survey of 585 family caregivers of older persons, dehumanization was found to be prevalent with 51% of the caregivers implicitly and 31% explicitly dehumanizing older persons. As predicted, implicit and explicit dehumanization contributed to elder abuse proclivity (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02-1.50, <i>p</i> = .03) and (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05-1.51, <i>p</i> = .01), respectively, after adjusting for relevant covariates including caregiver burden, and caregivers' and care-recipients' health. Developing caregiver-based interventions to humanize older persons may complement ongoing efforts in reducing elder abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10120856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9520799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01Epub Date: 2022-04-21DOI: 10.1037/sah0000379
Shaynna N Herrera, Emmett M Larsen, Joseph S Deluca, Francesca M Crump, Margaux Grivel, Drew Blasco, Caitlin Bryant, Daniel I Shapiro, Donna Downing, Ragy R Girgis, Gary Brucato, Debbie Huang, Yael Kufert, Mary Verdi, Michelle L West, Larry J Seidman, Bruce G Link, William R McFarlane, Kristen A Woodberry, Lawrence H Yang, Cheryl M Corcoran
Self-stigma has been associated with reduced accuracy of face emotion recognition in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). Stigma may also relate to slowing of performance during cognitive tasks for which a negative stereotype is relevant. This study aimed to investigate the association of mental illness stigma with face emotion recognition among CHR individuals. Participants were 143 CHR individuals identified using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS). Face emotion recognition was assessed using the Penn Emotion Recognition Task (ER-40). Stigma was assessed using discrimination, stereotype awareness, and stereotype agreement subscales of the Mental Health Attitudes Interview for CHR. We tested associations of ER-40 accuracy and response times with these stigma variables, including the role of clinical and demographic factors. Racial/ethnic minoritized participants had higher attenuated positive symptoms than non-minoritized participants. Longer ER-40 response times were correlated with greater stereotype agreement (r=.17, p=.045) and discrimination (r=.22, p=.012). A regression model predicting ER-40 response times revealed an interaction of stereotype agreement with minoritized status (p=.008), with slower response times for minoritized participants as stereotype agreement increased. Greater disorganized symptoms and male gender also predicted longer response times. ER-40 accuracy was not associated with stigma. Overall, minoritized CHR individuals with greater internalized stigma took longer to identify face emotions. Future research is needed to assess whether slower response times are specific to social cues, and if internalized stigma interferes with performance in real-world social situations. Reducing stigma may be an important target for interventions that aim to improve social skills.
{"title":"The association between mental health stigma and face emotion recognition in individuals at risk for psychosis.","authors":"Shaynna N Herrera, Emmett M Larsen, Joseph S Deluca, Francesca M Crump, Margaux Grivel, Drew Blasco, Caitlin Bryant, Daniel I Shapiro, Donna Downing, Ragy R Girgis, Gary Brucato, Debbie Huang, Yael Kufert, Mary Verdi, Michelle L West, Larry J Seidman, Bruce G Link, William R McFarlane, Kristen A Woodberry, Lawrence H Yang, Cheryl M Corcoran","doi":"10.1037/sah0000379","DOIUrl":"10.1037/sah0000379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-stigma has been associated with reduced accuracy of face emotion recognition in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). Stigma may also relate to slowing of performance during cognitive tasks for which a negative stereotype is relevant. This study aimed to investigate the association of mental illness stigma with face emotion recognition among CHR individuals. Participants were 143 CHR individuals identified using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS). Face emotion recognition was assessed using the Penn Emotion Recognition Task (ER-40). Stigma was assessed using discrimination, stereotype awareness, and stereotype agreement subscales of the Mental Health Attitudes Interview for CHR. We tested associations of ER-40 accuracy and response times with these stigma variables, including the role of clinical and demographic factors. Racial/ethnic minoritized participants had higher attenuated positive symptoms than non-minoritized participants. Longer ER-40 response times were correlated with greater stereotype agreement (<i>r</i>=.17, <i>p</i>=.045) and discrimination (<i>r</i>=.22, <i>p</i>=.012). A regression model predicting ER-40 response times revealed an interaction of stereotype agreement with minoritized status (<i>p</i>=.008), with slower response times for minoritized participants as stereotype agreement increased. Greater disorganized symptoms and male gender also predicted longer response times. ER-40 accuracy was not associated with stigma. Overall, minoritized CHR individuals with greater internalized stigma took longer to identify face emotions. Future research is needed to assess whether slower response times are specific to social cues, and if internalized stigma interferes with performance in real-world social situations. Reducing stigma may be an important target for interventions that aim to improve social skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10038192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ambivalent associations between competence, warmth, and body size: A person perception approach.","authors":"Dirk Kranz","doi":"10.1037/sah0000436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000436","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76119669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Casey A. Schofield, Sophie Brown, Isabelle E. Siegel, Corinne A. Moss-Racusin
{"title":"What you don’t expect when you’re expecting: Demonstrating stigma against women with postpartum psychological disorders.","authors":"Casey A. Schofield, Sophie Brown, Isabelle E. Siegel, Corinne A. Moss-Racusin","doi":"10.1037/sah0000431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135908764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Stigmatization of Anorexia Nervosa Versus Atypical Anorexia Nervosa: An Experimental Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/sah0000432.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000432.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135300973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Schofield, Sophie S. Brown, Isabella Siegel, C. Moss‐Racusin
{"title":"Supplemental Material for What You Don’t Expect When You’re Expecting: Demonstrating Stigma Against Women With Postpartum Psychological Disorders","authors":"C. Schofield, Sophie S. Brown, Isabella Siegel, C. Moss‐Racusin","doi":"10.1037/sah0000431.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000431.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88071775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stigmatization of anorexia nervosa versus atypical anorexia nervosa: An experimental study.","authors":"Allison Cunning, Diana Rancourt","doi":"10.1037/sah0000432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82911659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophia M. Bartels, C. Galindo, G. Ángeles, C. Barrington
{"title":"Assessing associations between stigma and mental health among preexposure prophylaxis users in Guatemala.","authors":"Sophia M. Bartels, C. Galindo, G. Ángeles, C. Barrington","doi":"10.1037/sah0000429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000429","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90382552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Material for The Use of a Spanish-Translated PrEP Stigma Scale Among the Latino Sample of the UNITE Cohort Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/sah0000433.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000433.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135012950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the StigmaWatch program’s impact on media portrayals of suicide and mental illness.","authors":"Anna M. Ross, A. Morgan, N. Reavley","doi":"10.1037/sah0000437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53222,"journal":{"name":"Stigma and Health","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77678571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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