Pub Date : 2021-10-03DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.30.21264344
P. Galanis, I. Vraka, O. Siskou, O. Konstantakopoulou, A. Katsiroumpa, I. Moisoglou, D. Kaitelidou
Background: Accurate measurement of individuals attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic is critical to understand the way that people respond during a major crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To develop and validate a questionnaire to assess attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic. Methods: We performed a reliability and validity study in a sample of the general population in Greece. Data were collected online through social media between 15 August and 7 September 2021. Thus, a convenience sample was obtained. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed with a Delphi study, an exploratory factor analysis, and a test-retest study. Also, we calculated Cronbach coefficient alpha for the factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis. Results: The final study included 1959 adults from the general population in Greece. Our four-factor model explained 73% of the variance and confirmed out initial hypothesis regarding the factors of the questionnaire. In particular, we found the following four factors: (a) fear against the COVID-19 (five items), (b) information regarding the COVID-19 (two items), (c) compliance with hygiene measures (two items), and (d) trust in COVID-19 vaccination (seven items). Cronbach coefficients alpha for the four factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis were greater than 0.82. Pearson correlation coefficients for the 16 items and the four factors were greater than 0.67 (p-value<0.001 in all cases). Conclusions: We developed a reliable and valid questionnaire to measure attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic. Further studies should be conducted to expand our knowledge and infer more valid results.
{"title":"Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic","authors":"P. Galanis, I. Vraka, O. Siskou, O. Konstantakopoulou, A. Katsiroumpa, I. Moisoglou, D. Kaitelidou","doi":"10.1101/2021.09.30.21264344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.30.21264344","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accurate measurement of individuals attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic is critical to understand the way that people respond during a major crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To develop and validate a questionnaire to assess attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic. Methods: We performed a reliability and validity study in a sample of the general population in Greece. Data were collected online through social media between 15 August and 7 September 2021. Thus, a convenience sample was obtained. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed with a Delphi study, an exploratory factor analysis, and a test-retest study. Also, we calculated Cronbach coefficient alpha for the factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis. Results: The final study included 1959 adults from the general population in Greece. Our four-factor model explained 73% of the variance and confirmed out initial hypothesis regarding the factors of the questionnaire. In particular, we found the following four factors: (a) fear against the COVID-19 (five items), (b) information regarding the COVID-19 (two items), (c) compliance with hygiene measures (two items), and (d) trust in COVID-19 vaccination (seven items). Cronbach coefficients alpha for the four factors that emerged from the exploratory factor analysis were greater than 0.82. Pearson correlation coefficients for the 16 items and the four factors were greater than 0.67 (p-value<0.001 in all cases). Conclusions: We developed a reliable and valid questionnaire to measure attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic. Further studies should be conducted to expand our knowledge and infer more valid results.","PeriodicalId":53253,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Caring Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47286766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-31DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.28.21261261
P. Galanis, I. Vraka, O. Siskou, O. Konstantakopoulou, A. Katsiroumpa, D. Kaitelidou
Background: Various COVID-19 vaccines with proven safety and effectiveness are available now but vaccine hesitancy remains a public threat. COVID-19 vaccines uptake appears to have an essential role in the successful control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To examine predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and reasons for decline of vaccination. Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for this systematic review. We searched Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, CINAHL, and a pre-print service (medRxiv) from inception to July 12, 2021. We used the following key-words: vaccin*, COVID-19, and uptake. We included all types of studies (quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods) reporting COVID-19 vaccination uptake. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021267460). Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. COVID-19 vaccination uptake ranged from 28.6% to 98% in the general population, while among healthcare workers ranged from 33.3% to 94.5%, and among patients ranged from 36% to 80%. The main predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake were male gender, white race, older age, higher socioeconomic status, higher self-perceived COVID-19 vulnerability, increased information about COVID-19 vaccines, and chronic illness. The most important reasons for decline of vaccination were concerns about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, illness, medication, pregnancy, fertility, breastfeeding, religious reasons, ethical reasons, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, self-estimation that COVID-19 is not a severe disease, and limited knowledge about the vaccines. Conclusions: Several factors affect COVID-19 vaccination uptake, while various reasons affect people decision to refuse to take a COVID-19 vaccine. These findings are essential to further enhance our understanding of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and design specific interventions. Given the high prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, our findings have major implications for the delivery of COVID-19 vaccination programmes in the public with special attention to people who are undecided or unlikely to take a COVID-19 vaccine.
背景：现已提供各种经证明安全有效的新冠肺炎疫苗，但疫苗犹豫仍然是公众的威胁。新冠肺炎疫苗的接种似乎在成功控制新冠肺炎大流行方面发挥着重要作用。目的：探讨新冠肺炎疫苗接种率的预测因素和疫苗接种率下降的原因。方法：我们遵循系统评价的首选报告项目和系统评价的荟萃分析指南。从成立到2021年7月12日，我们搜索了Medline、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、ProQuest、CINAHL和预打印服务（medRxiv）。我们使用了以下关键词：疫苗*、新冠肺炎和摄入。我们纳入了报告新冠肺炎疫苗接种情况的所有类型的研究（定量、定性和混合方法）。审查方案已在PROSPERO注册（CRD42021267460）。结果：12项研究符合纳入和排除标准。普通人群新冠肺炎疫苗接种率在28.6%至98%之间，医护人员接种率在33.3%至94.5%之间，患者接种率在36%至80%之间。新冠肺炎疫苗接种率的主要预测因素是男性、白人、年龄较大、社会经济地位较高、自我认知新冠肺炎脆弱性较高、新冠肺炎疫苗信息增加以及慢性病。疫苗接种下降的最重要原因是对疫苗安全性和有效性的担忧、疾病、药物、怀孕、生育、母乳喂养、宗教原因、道德原因、先前新冠肺炎诊断、自我估计新冠肺炎不是严重疾病以及对疫苗的了解有限。结论：几个因素影响新冠肺炎疫苗接种率，而各种原因影响人们拒绝接种新冠肺炎疫苗的决定。这些发现对于进一步增强我们对新冠肺炎疫苗接种和设计特定干预措施的理解至关重要。鉴于新冠肺炎疫苗犹豫的高流行率，我们的研究结果对在公众中实施新冠肺炎疫苗接种计划具有重大影响，特别关注尚未决定或不太可能接种新冠肺炎疫苗的人。
{"title":"Predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and reasons for decline of vaccination: a systematic review","authors":"P. Galanis, I. Vraka, O. Siskou, O. Konstantakopoulou, A. Katsiroumpa, D. Kaitelidou","doi":"10.1101/2021.07.28.21261261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.28.21261261","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Various COVID-19 vaccines with proven safety and effectiveness are available now but vaccine hesitancy remains a public threat. COVID-19 vaccines uptake appears to have an essential role in the successful control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To examine predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and reasons for decline of vaccination. Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for this systematic review. We searched Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, CINAHL, and a pre-print service (medRxiv) from inception to July 12, 2021. We used the following key-words: vaccin*, COVID-19, and uptake. We included all types of studies (quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods) reporting COVID-19 vaccination uptake. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021267460). Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. COVID-19 vaccination uptake ranged from 28.6% to 98% in the general population, while among healthcare workers ranged from 33.3% to 94.5%, and among patients ranged from 36% to 80%. The main predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake were male gender, white race, older age, higher socioeconomic status, higher self-perceived COVID-19 vulnerability, increased information about COVID-19 vaccines, and chronic illness. The most important reasons for decline of vaccination were concerns about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, illness, medication, pregnancy, fertility, breastfeeding, religious reasons, ethical reasons, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, self-estimation that COVID-19 is not a severe disease, and limited knowledge about the vaccines. Conclusions: Several factors affect COVID-19 vaccination uptake, while various reasons affect people decision to refuse to take a COVID-19 vaccine. These findings are essential to further enhance our understanding of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and design specific interventions. Given the high prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, our findings have major implications for the delivery of COVID-19 vaccination programmes in the public with special attention to people who are undecided or unlikely to take a COVID-19 vaccine.","PeriodicalId":53253,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Caring Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46653390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-07DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.05.21260037
P. Galanis, E. Petrogianni, I. Vraka, O. Konstantakopoulou, O. Siskou, A. Bilali, D. Kaitelidou
Background: Mobile COVID-19 testing units are used worldwide to test quickly and easily individuals for COVID-19. Aim: To assess the level of fear of COVID-19 among nurses in mobile COVID-19 testing units and compare it with demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during November and December 2020. Study population included 57 nurses working in mobile COVID-19 testing units in Attica, Greece. We collected demographic data from the nurses, i.e. gender, age, marital status, children, living status (alone or with others), clinical experience, and chronic disease. We used the fear of COVID-19 scale to measure fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The mean score on the fear of COVID-19 scale was 14.3. Among nurses, 31.6% experienced elevated fear indicative of presence of anxiety symptoms, while the respective percentages for health anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptomatology were 22.8% and 17.5%. Fear of COVID-19 was not affected by demographic variables. However, fear was higher in females, nurses who had children and nurses who lived with others. Increased clinical experience was related with decreased fear. Conclusions: Creating a secure work environment for nurses in these units could decrease fear of COVID-19 and increase work performance.
{"title":"Fear of COVID-19 among nurses in mobile COVID-19 testing units in Greece","authors":"P. Galanis, E. Petrogianni, I. Vraka, O. Konstantakopoulou, O. Siskou, A. Bilali, D. Kaitelidou","doi":"10.1101/2021.07.05.21260037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.05.21260037","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mobile COVID-19 testing units are used worldwide to test quickly and easily individuals for COVID-19. Aim: To assess the level of fear of COVID-19 among nurses in mobile COVID-19 testing units and compare it with demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during November and December 2020. Study population included 57 nurses working in mobile COVID-19 testing units in Attica, Greece. We collected demographic data from the nurses, i.e. gender, age, marital status, children, living status (alone or with others), clinical experience, and chronic disease. We used the fear of COVID-19 scale to measure fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The mean score on the fear of COVID-19 scale was 14.3. Among nurses, 31.6% experienced elevated fear indicative of presence of anxiety symptoms, while the respective percentages for health anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptomatology were 22.8% and 17.5%. Fear of COVID-19 was not affected by demographic variables. However, fear was higher in females, nurses who had children and nurses who lived with others. Increased clinical experience was related with decreased fear. Conclusions: Creating a secure work environment for nurses in these units could decrease fear of COVID-19 and increase work performance.","PeriodicalId":53253,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Caring Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46828606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John D Lowman, George M Solomon, Steven M Rowe, Hon K Yuen
Background: Despite evidence of exercise benefits to lung function, adherence to routine exercise in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) is low. The incorporation of interactive virtual reality video exergame activities in home-based programs as an incentive may help improve motivation and adherence to exercise. This proposed study will attempt to improve the physical fitness and respiratory function of sedentary adults with CF by engaging them in a Nintendo Wii Fit Plus™ home-based exercise program.
Methods: A single group pretest-posttest design will be used to examine the immediate (12-weeks) and long-term effect (24-weeks) of a home-based exergame program on improving pulmonary-related function (physical fitness and respiratory function) in sedentary adults with CF. Participants will receive a one-time orientation to the Wii Fit Plus, and will be requested to use it to exercise according to the recommended guidelines 3 times a week for 30 min in the following 24 weeks. Monthly phone monitoring will be conducted during the first 12 weeks. Besides evaluating the efficacy of a home-based exergame program on improving aerobic capacity, physical activity, and respiratory-related symptoms, we will examine the impact of the exergame on airway ion transport as measured by nasal potential difference, which will be collected at baseline and at the end of 12-weeks only.
Discussion: This is the first study to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of a low-cost exercise avenue (i.e., exergames) for adults with CF to improve their pulmonary-related function, which is important for CF disease management and prevention of complications. In addition, the proposed study will be the first to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of home-based exergames on airway ion transport among adults with CF. Through an increase in physical activity, it is expected that participants will improve their physical fitness and respiratory function at the end of the study.
背景:尽管有证据表明运动对肺功能有益，但囊性纤维化(CF)成人患者坚持常规运动的程度很低。将交互式虚拟现实视频游戏活动结合到家庭项目中，作为一种激励，可能有助于提高锻炼的积极性和坚持性。本研究将尝试通过任天堂Wii Fit Plus™家庭运动项目来改善久坐的CF患者的身体健康和呼吸功能。方法:采用单组前测后测设计，对久坐不动的CF患者进行家庭运动项目，对改善肺相关功能(身体健康和呼吸功能)的即时(12周)和长期(24周)效果进行检验。参与者将获得Wii Fit Plus的一次性指导，并要求在接下来的24周内按照推荐的指导方针每周锻炼3次，每次30分钟。在前12周将进行每月电话监测。除了评估基于家庭的exergame项目在改善有氧能力、身体活动和呼吸相关症状方面的功效外，我们还将研究exergame对通过鼻电位差测量的气道离子运输的影响，该影响将仅在基线和12周结束时收集。讨论:本研究首次评估了一种低成本运动途径(即exergames)对成年CF患者改善肺相关功能的可行性、可接受性和潜在有效性，这对CF疾病管理和并发症预防具有重要意义。此外，这项拟议的研究将首次调查家庭运动对CF成人气道离子运输的治疗效果。通过增加身体活动，预计参与者在研究结束时将改善他们的身体健康和呼吸功能。试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02277860。
{"title":"Gaming Console Home-Based Exercise for Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: Study Protocol.","authors":"John D Lowman, George M Solomon, Steven M Rowe, Hon K Yuen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite evidence of exercise benefits to lung function, adherence to routine exercise in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) is low. The incorporation of interactive virtual reality video exergame activities in home-based programs as an incentive may help improve motivation and adherence to exercise. This proposed study will attempt to improve the physical fitness and respiratory function of sedentary adults with CF by engaging them in a Nintendo Wii Fit Plus™ home-based exercise program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single group pretest-posttest design will be used to examine the immediate (12-weeks) and long-term effect (24-weeks) of a home-based exergame program on improving pulmonary-related function (physical fitness and respiratory function) in sedentary adults with CF. Participants will receive a one-time orientation to the Wii Fit Plus, and will be requested to use it to exercise according to the recommended guidelines 3 times a week for 30 min in the following 24 weeks. Monthly phone monitoring will be conducted during the first 12 weeks. Besides evaluating the efficacy of a home-based exergame program on improving aerobic capacity, physical activity, and respiratory-related symptoms, we will examine the impact of the exergame on airway ion transport as measured by nasal potential difference, which will be collected at baseline and at the end of 12-weeks only.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This is the first study to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of a low-cost exercise avenue (i.e., exergames) for adults with CF to improve their pulmonary-related function, which is important for CF disease management and prevention of complications. In addition, the proposed study will be the first to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of home-based exergames on airway ion transport among adults with CF. Through an increase in physical activity, it is expected that participants will improve their physical fitness and respiratory function at the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02277860.</p>","PeriodicalId":53253,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Caring Sciences","volume":"13 2","pages":"1530-1540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7643879/pdf/nihms-1634691.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38580428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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