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Comparison of several complete cubic laws for two-phase flow models 两相流模型几种完全三次律的比较
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202372117
Gloria Faccanoni, Bérénice Grec
In the present paper, we investigate several cubic equations of state widely used in the literature, for which we are able to construct analytically the complete law. In order to describe two-phase flows, we use Maxwell's construction, which amounts to consider pure phases and a mixture zone at saturation. The parameters appearing in the different equations of state are fitted in order to be precise in the saturation zone at high pressures. The different laws are then compared in a large range of pressures, showing the best accuracy of Clausius equation of state.
本文研究了文献中广泛使用的几种三次状态方程,对于它们我们可以解析地构造完备律。为了描述两相流,我们使用麦克斯韦构造,这相当于考虑纯相和饱和时的混合区。对不同状态方程中的参数进行了拟合,以便在高压下的饱和区得到精确的拟合结果。然后在较大的压力范围内比较不同的定律,显示出克劳修斯状态方程的最佳精度。
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引用次数: 0
Mortensen observer for a class of variational inequalities – lost equivalence with stochastic filtering approaches 一类变分不等式的Mortensen观测器——带随机滤波方法的丢失等价
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202373130
L. Chaintron, Álvaro Mateos González, L. Mertz, Philippe Moireau
We address the problem of deterministic sequential estimation for a nonsmooth dynamics governed by a variational inequality. An example of such dynamics is the Skorokhod problem with a reflective boundary condition. For smooth dynamics, Mortensen introduced in 1968 a nonlinear estimator based on likelihood maximisation. Then, starting with Hijab in 1980, several authors established a connection between Mortensen’s approach and the vanishing noise limit of the robust form of the so-called Zakai equation. In this paper, we investigate to what extent these methods can be developed for dynamics governed by a variational inequality. On the one hand, we address this problem by relaxing the inequality constraint by penalization: this yields an approximate Mortensen estimator relying on an approximating smooth dynamics. We verify that the equivalence between the deterministic and stochastic approaches holds through a vanishing noise limit. On the other hand, inspired by the smooth dynamics approach, we study the vanishing viscosity limit of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation satisfied by the Hopf-Cole transform of the solution of the robust Zakai equation. In contrast to the case of smooth dynamics, the zero-noise limit of the robust form of the Zakai equation cannot be understood in our case from the Bellman equation on the value function arising in Mortensen’s procedure. This unveils a violation of equivalence for dynamics governed by a variational inequality between the Mortensen approach and the low noise stochastic approach for nonsmooth dynamics.
我们解决了由变分不等式控制的非光滑动力学的确定性序列估计问题。这种动力学的一个例子是具有反射边界条件的Skorokhod问题。对于光滑动力学,Mortensen于1968年引入了基于似然最大化的非线性估计器。然后,从1980年的Hijab开始,几位作者在Mortensen的方法和所谓的Zakai方程的鲁棒形式的消失噪声极限之间建立了联系。在本文中,我们研究了这些方法在多大程度上可以发展为由变分不等式控制的动力学。一方面,我们通过惩罚放松不等式约束来解决这个问题:这产生了一个依赖于近似光滑动力学的近似Mortensen估计量。我们通过噪声消失极限验证了确定性方法和随机方法之间的等价性。另一方面,受光滑动力学方法的启发,我们研究了鲁棒Zakai方程解的Hopf-Cole变换所满足的Hamilton-Jacobi方程的消失粘度极限。与光滑动力学的情况相反,在我们的情况下,不能从Mortensen过程中产生的值函数上的Bellman方程来理解Zakai方程的鲁棒形式的零噪声极限。这揭示了由Mortensen方法和非光滑动力学的低噪声随机方法之间的变分不等式所控制的动力学等效的违反。
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引用次数: 0
Parametrized non intrusive space-time approximation for explicit dynamic fem applications 显式动态有限元应用的参数化非侵入式时空逼近
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202373068
Hamza Boukraichi, N. Razaaly, N. Akkari, F. Casenave, D. Ryckelynck
In the following work, a benchmark of different non-intrusive model reduction approaches is performed on an explicit dynamic contact 3D-problem. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the stability of the reduced model with respect to time along with the precision of these approaches with respect to the true solutions of interest. These solutions are the prediction of displacement and velocity fields. The precision of these approaches is also evaluated with respect to the evolution of some materials parameters. Six parameters vary in this study and we would like to predict the whole transient fast dynamic impact response with respect to each parameters. To this end, several models are trained : Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Deep convolutional Neural Network (DcNN), in addition, a vectorized version of Interpolation in Grassman Manifolds is proposed. The benchmark performed illustrate that using DcNN’s allows to achieve the best precision and stability in predicting physical fields.
在接下来的工作中,针对一个明确的动态接触三维问题,对不同的非侵入式模型约简方法进行了基准测试。这项工作的主要目的是评估简化模型相对于时间的稳定性以及这些方法相对于感兴趣的真解的精度。这些解是位移场和速度场的预测。根据材料参数的变化,对这些方法的精度进行了评价。在本研究中有六个参数变化,我们希望预测相对于每个参数的整个瞬态快速动态冲击响应。为此,本文训练了适当正交分解(POD)和深度卷积神经网络(DcNN)模型,并提出了一种矢量化的Grassman流形插值方法。基准测试表明,使用DcNN可以在预测物理场时达到最佳的精度和稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of a nonlinear degenerate diffusion on an advection-diffusion equation in a diffuse interface framework 扩散界面框架中非线性简并扩散对平流扩散方程的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202372143
Gloria Faccanoni, C. Galusinski
This work is motivated by the modelling a liquid-vapour flows with phase transition describing the evolution of the coolant within an heat exchanger (e.g. the core of a Pressurized Water Reactor). We investigate an advection-diffusion equation with a degenerate and nonlinear diffusion coefficient. The degeneracy corresponds to a liquid-vapor mixture in the original model whereas the diffusion coefficient is non-degenerate in the pure phase cases. We focus on the influence of the diffusion coefficient on a simple 1D configuration for which some analytical computations can be done, leading to a surprising behavior of the phase transition with respect to the diffusion.
这项工作的动机是模拟具有相变的液体-蒸汽流动,描述热交换器(例如压水堆堆芯)内冷却剂的演变。研究了一类具有退化非线性扩散系数的平流扩散方程。在原始模型中,简并对应于液-气混合,而在纯相情况下,扩散系数是非简并的。我们关注扩散系数对一个简单的一维结构的影响,可以对其进行一些解析计算,导致相对于扩散的相变的惊人行为。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of statistical, machine learning, and mathematical modelling methods to investigate the effect of ageing on dog’s cardiovascular system 比较统计学、机器学习和数学建模方法来研究衰老对狗心血管系统的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202373002
E. Alizadeh, Sara Costa Faya, Haibo Liu, D. Lombardi, Sylvain Bernasconi, P. Guns, M. Markert
The aim of this work is to provide a preliminary comparison of different classes of methods to automatically detect the effect of ageing from in vivo data. The application which motivated this work is related to safety pharmacology, whose major goal is to determine, in a pre-clinical phase, whether a drug is potentially dangerous for the health. In particular, we are going to compare statistical, machine learning and mathematical modelling methods.
这项工作的目的是提供不同类别的方法来自动检测老化的影响从体内数据的初步比较。推动这项工作的应用与安全药理学有关,其主要目标是在临床前阶段确定药物是否对健康有潜在危险。特别是,我们将比较统计、机器学习和数学建模方法。
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引用次数: 0
Study of relaxation processes in a two-phase flow model 两相流模型松弛过程的研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202372002
J. Bussac
This work concerns the analysis of the relaxation processes toward thermodynamical equilibrium arising in a compressible immiscible two-phase flow. Classically the relaxation processes are taken into account through dynamical systems which are coupled to the dynamics of the flow. The present paper compares two types of source terms which are commonly used: a BGK-like system and a mixture entropy gradient type. For both systems, main properties are investigated (agreement with second principle of thermodynamics, existence of solutions, maximum principle,...) and numerical experiments illustrate their asymptotic behaviour.
这项工作涉及到在可压缩非混相两相流中产生的热力学平衡的松弛过程的分析。经典的弛豫过程是通过与流动动力学耦合的动力系统来考虑的。本文比较了两种常用的源项:类bgk系统和混合熵梯度类型。对于这两个系统,研究了它们的主要性质(符合热力学第二原理、解的存在性、极大值原理等),并通过数值实验证明了它们的渐近行为。
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引用次数: 0
Accelerating metabolic models evaluation with statistical metamodels: application to Salmonella infection models 用统计元模型加速代谢模型的评价:在沙门氏菌感染模型中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202373187
C. Frioux, S. Huet, S. Labarthe, Julien Martinelli, T. Malou, David Sherman, Marie-Luce Taupin, Pablo Ugalde-Salas
Mathematical and numerical models are increasingly used in microbial ecology to model the fate of microbial communities in their ecosystem. These models allow to connect in a mechanistic framework species-level informations, such as the microbial genomes, with macro-scale features, such as species spatial distributions or metabolite gradients. Numerous models are built upon species-level metabolic models that predict the metabolic behaviour of a microbe by solving an optimization problem knowing its genome and its nutritional environment. However, screening the community dynamics with these metabolic models implies to solve such an optimization problem by species at each time step, leading to a significant computational load further increased by several orders of magnitude when spatial dimensions are added. In this paper, we propose a statistical framework based on Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) metamodels that are used to provide fast approximations of the original metabolic model. The metamodel can replace the optimization step in the system dynamics, providing comparable outputs at a much lower computational cost. We will first build a system dynamics model of a simplified gut microbiota composed of a unique commensal bacterial strain in interaction with the host and challenged by a Salmonella infection. Then, the machine learning method will be introduced, and particularly the ANOVA-RKHS that will be exploited to achieve variable selection and model parsimony. A training dataset will be constructed with the original system dynamics model and hyper-parameters will be carefully chosen to provide fast and accurate approximations of the original model. Finally, the accuracy of the trained metamodels will be assessed, in particular by comparing the system dynamics outputs when the original model is replaced by its metamodel. The metamodel allows an overall relative error of 4.71% but reducing the computational load by a speed-up factor higher than 45, while correctly reproducing the complex behaviour occurring during Salmonella infection. These results provide a proof-of-concept of the potentiality of machine learning methods to give fast approximations of metabolic model outputs and pave the way towards PDE-based spatio-temporal models of microbial communities including microbial metabolism and host-microbiota-pathogen interactions.
数学和数值模型越来越多地用于微生物生态学,以模拟其生态系统中微生物群落的命运。这些模型允许在一个机制框架内将物种水平的信息(如微生物基因组)与宏观尺度的特征(如物种空间分布或代谢物梯度)联系起来。许多模型建立在物种水平的代谢模型上,通过解决一个优化问题来预测微生物的代谢行为,知道它的基因组和营养环境。然而,利用这些代谢模型筛选群落动态意味着在每个时间步都要按物种来解决这样的优化问题,当增加空间维度时,计算负荷会进一步增加几个数量级。在本文中,我们提出了一个基于再现核希尔伯特空间(RKHS)元模型的统计框架,该模型用于提供原始代谢模型的快速近似。元模型可以取代系统动力学中的优化步骤,以更低的计算成本提供可比较的输出。我们将首先建立一个由一种独特的共生菌株与宿主相互作用并受到沙门氏菌感染挑战的简化肠道微生物群的系统动力学模型。然后,将介绍机器学习方法,特别是将利用ANOVA-RKHS来实现变量选择和模型简约。将使用原始系统动力学模型构建训练数据集,并仔细选择超参数以提供原始模型的快速准确近似值。最后,将评估训练元模型的准确性,特别是通过比较原始模型被其元模型取代时的系统动力学输出。该元模型允许总体相对误差为4.71%,但将计算负荷减少了超过45个加速因子,同时正确地再现了沙门氏菌感染过程中发生的复杂行为。这些结果证明了机器学习方法在代谢模型输出的快速近似方面的潜力,并为基于pde的微生物群落时空模型(包括微生物代谢和宿主-微生物-病原体相互作用)铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial of CEMRACS 2021 CEMRACS 2021社论
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202373001
V. Ehrlacher, D. Lombardi, O. Mula, Fabio Nobile, Tommaso Taddei
This special volume gathers research works that have been conducted during the 25th edition of the summer school CEMRACS (Centre d’´Et´e Math´ematique de Recherche Avanc´ee en Calcul Scientifique), which took place at CIRM (Centre International de Rencontre Math´ematique) in Luminy from July 19th to August 27th, 2021. CEMRACS is an event initiated in 1996 by Yvon Maday and Fr´ed´eric Coquel. It takes place every year at CIRM in Luminy (Marseille, France) for six weeks. The aim is to bring together scientists from both the academic and industrial communities to exchange ideas about a modern and relevant scientific topic which is selected by the CIRM scientific committee. CEMRACS is composed of two parts. The first is a one-week summer school with lectures of leading scientists where the goal is to give an overview of the topic to non-expert participants. The remaining five weeks are dedicated to research projects proposed by academic scientists or industrial partners. Each project is carried out by a small group of students under the supervision of experienced researchers. Experience from the previous years has shown the significant positive impact of the CEMRACS, not only on the development of these short-term projects, but also on the interactions between mathematics, applied sciences and industry. The event of 2021 focused on ”Data Assimilation and Reduced Modeling for High Dimensional Problems”. A significant challenge arising in increasingly many modern applications is how to blend complex mathematical models, often based on differential or integral equations, with the large and, possibly, noisy data sets which are now routinely available in many fields of engineering, science and technology. Growing efforts are made to develop a coherent mathematical framework where one of the main obstructions is the high dimensionality of the involved mathematical objects, which requires efficient sampling or optimization techniques for large-scale problems and, possibly, model order reduction strategies. The CEMRACS 2021 was devoted to this topic of data assimilation and model reduction in high-dimensional problems. It is by nature interdisciplinary, not only by the amount of the different mathematical skills that need to be invoked, but also by the detailed knowledge that
这本特别的书收集了第25届暑期学校CEMRACS (Centre d ' ' Et ' e Math ' ematique de Recherche Avanc ' ee en Calcul Scientifique)期间进行的研究工作,该暑期学校于2021年7月19日至8月27日在Luminy的CIRM (Centre International de Rencontre Math ' ematique)举行。CEMRACS是由Yvon Maday和eric Coquel于1996年发起的一项活动。它每年在法国马赛卢明的CIRM举行,为期六周。其目的是汇集来自学术界和工业界的科学家,就由CIRM科学委员会选择的现代和相关的科学主题交换意见。CEMRACS由两部分组成。第一个是为期一周的暑期学校,由顶尖科学家讲课,目的是向非专业参与者提供该主题的概述。剩下的五周是专门用于学术科学家或工业合作伙伴提出的研究项目。每个项目都由一小组学生在经验丰富的研究人员的监督下进行。前几年的经验表明,CEMRACS不仅对这些短期项目的发展,而且对数学、应用科学和工业之间的相互作用产生了重大的积极影响。2021年的主题是“高维问题的数据同化和简化建模”。在越来越多的现代应用中出现的一个重大挑战是如何将复杂的数学模型(通常基于微分或积分方程)与现在在许多工程、科学和技术领域中常规可用的大型且可能有噪声的数据集混合在一起。越来越多的人努力开发一个连贯的数学框架,其中一个主要障碍是所涉及的数学对象的高维性,这需要有效的采样或优化技术来解决大规模问题,可能还需要模型降阶策略。CEMRACS 2021致力于高维问题中的数据同化和模型缩减这一主题。从本质上讲,它是跨学科的,不仅需要调用不同的数学技能,而且还需要详细的知识
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引用次数: 0
Fourth Workshop on Compressible Multiphase Flows - Derivation, Closure laws, Thermodynamics 第四次可压缩多相流研讨会-推导,闭包定律,热力学
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202372001
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引用次数: 0
An acoustic-transport splitting method for the barotropic Baer-Nunziato two-phase flow model 正压Baer-Nunziato两相流模型的声输运分裂方法
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/proc/202372093
Katia Ait-Ameur, S. Kokh, M. Massot, M. Pelanti, T. Pichard
This work focuses on the numerical approximation of the barotropic Baer-Nunziato two-phase flow model. We propose a numerical scheme that relies on an operator splitting method corresponding to a separate treatment of the acoustic and the material transport phenomena. In the subsonic case, this also corresponds to a separate treatment of the fast and the slow propagation phenomena. This approach follows the lines of the implicit-explicit schemes developed in [8]. The operator splitting enable the use of time steps that are no longer constrained by the sound velocity thanks to an implicit treatment of the acoustic waves, while maintaining accuracy in the subsonic regime thanks to an explicit treatment of the material waves. In the present setting, a particular attention will be also given to the discretization of the non-conservative terms that figure in the two-phase model. We prove that the proposed numerical strategy is positivity preserving for the volume fractions and the partial masses. The scheme is tested against several one-dimensional test cases including flows featuring vanishing phases.
本文研究了正压Baer-Nunziato两相流模型的数值近似。我们提出了一种依赖于算子分裂方法的数值方案,对应于声学和物质输运现象的单独处理。在亚音速的情况下,这也对应于对快传播现象和慢传播现象的单独处理。这种方法遵循了[8]中开发的隐式-显式方案。由于对声波进行了隐式处理,操作分裂使得使用不再受声速限制的时间步长成为可能,同时由于对物质波进行了明确处理,保持了亚音速区域的准确性。在目前的情况下,还将特别注意在两阶段模型中出现的非保守项的离散化。我们证明了所提出的数值策略对于体积分数和部分质量是保持正的。该方案针对几个一维测试用例进行了测试,其中包括具有消失阶段的流。
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引用次数: 0
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ESAIM Proceedings and Surveys
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