Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2023.2204446
Jimmy Ochieng
ABSTRACT The current research, which content analysed 565 news stories in the Daily Nation and The Standard, examined media framing of devolution in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. It examined the most dominant frame in the four-year coverage of devolution, whether the coverage used episodic or thematic framing, and whether the tone of newspaper reports was positive or negative. Findings show that the coverage of devolution was conflict-driven, episodic, and negative. The dominance of the conflict frames shows that the polarised nature of Kenyan politics continues to influence media coverage of devolution, leaving Kenyans without a deeper understanding of how the implementation of devolution impacts development or a grasp on the challenges the new system of governance continues to grapple with.
{"title":"Media Framing of the First Administration of Devolution in Kenya","authors":"Jimmy Ochieng","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2023.2204446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2023.2204446","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current research, which content analysed 565 news stories in the Daily Nation and The Standard, examined media framing of devolution in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. It examined the most dominant frame in the four-year coverage of devolution, whether the coverage used episodic or thematic framing, and whether the tone of newspaper reports was positive or negative. Findings show that the coverage of devolution was conflict-driven, episodic, and negative. The dominance of the conflict frames shows that the polarised nature of Kenyan politics continues to influence media coverage of devolution, leaving Kenyans without a deeper understanding of how the implementation of devolution impacts development or a grasp on the challenges the new system of governance continues to grapple with.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"31 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45343818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2134166
Sibongile Mpofu
ABSTRACT This paper investigates journalism practice and newsroom cultures in both private and state media companies in Zimbabwe. The paper moves beyond the gender body count to analyse journalists’ cultural interpretations of their everyday work and actions and how this contributes to the structuring of power relations in the newsrooms. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 journalists from selected Zimbabwean newsrooms to unearth their lived experiences of the profession. Using the journalism culture concept, feminist standpoint epistemology and intersectionality, the study found out that Zimbabwean journalists continue to experience gender biases owing to cultural interpretations of the roles of women and men; increasing subtle sexual harassment from both media managers, male colleagues and sources; and deliberate silencing of women’s voices. Further, a poor performing economy contributes to unethical journalism practices. The study also reveals how gender intersects with other social norms such as the location/positioning of women, ethnicity, age, and years of experience in the newsroom to further dis-privilege female journalists. There are deliberate efforts by journalists (both male and female) to employ feminist journalism—with the goal of contributing towards a journalistic culture that is non-oppressive.
{"title":"“I’m Described as Good Journalist Because I Am ‘Tough’”: How Femininity Is Still Considered a Weakness in Zimbabwean Newsrooms","authors":"Sibongile Mpofu","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2134166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2134166","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper investigates journalism practice and newsroom cultures in both private and state media companies in Zimbabwe. The paper moves beyond the gender body count to analyse journalists’ cultural interpretations of their everyday work and actions and how this contributes to the structuring of power relations in the newsrooms. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 journalists from selected Zimbabwean newsrooms to unearth their lived experiences of the profession. Using the journalism culture concept, feminist standpoint epistemology and intersectionality, the study found out that Zimbabwean journalists continue to experience gender biases owing to cultural interpretations of the roles of women and men; increasing subtle sexual harassment from both media managers, male colleagues and sources; and deliberate silencing of women’s voices. Further, a poor performing economy contributes to unethical journalism practices. The study also reveals how gender intersects with other social norms such as the location/positioning of women, ethnicity, age, and years of experience in the newsroom to further dis-privilege female journalists. There are deliberate efforts by journalists (both male and female) to employ feminist journalism—with the goal of contributing towards a journalistic culture that is non-oppressive.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"30 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45486244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2139277
Meghan Sobel Cohen, Karen McIntyre, Brian Semujju, K. Ireri, Emmanuel Munyarukumbuzi
ABSTRACT Nations across Africa have seen substantial growth in technological advancements, including Internet and cell phone access. This growth has been unevenly experienced and has come with some unintended consequences, including the spread of mis- and disinformation. Previous research suggests that misinformation and disinformation are growing problems in the pockets across the region where research has been conducted, but individuals’ circumstances, identities and level of resources impact literacy abilities. This study utilizes data from a comparative, cross-national survey conducted in Rwanda, Uganda and Kenya in May–October 2021 (N = 3203) to understand how varying demographic indicators and a person’s perception of their literacy impact actual digital news literacy. Results indicate moderate levels of literacy in the region and the need for media literacy programmes to target lower-educated citizens and/or rural populations more so than targeting individuals based on gender, age, or income.
{"title":"Demographic Differences in Digital News Literacy in East Africa","authors":"Meghan Sobel Cohen, Karen McIntyre, Brian Semujju, K. Ireri, Emmanuel Munyarukumbuzi","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2139277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2139277","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nations across Africa have seen substantial growth in technological advancements, including Internet and cell phone access. This growth has been unevenly experienced and has come with some unintended consequences, including the spread of mis- and disinformation. Previous research suggests that misinformation and disinformation are growing problems in the pockets across the region where research has been conducted, but individuals’ circumstances, identities and level of resources impact literacy abilities. This study utilizes data from a comparative, cross-national survey conducted in Rwanda, Uganda and Kenya in May–October 2021 (N = 3203) to understand how varying demographic indicators and a person’s perception of their literacy impact actual digital news literacy. Results indicate moderate levels of literacy in the region and the need for media literacy programmes to target lower-educated citizens and/or rural populations more so than targeting individuals based on gender, age, or income.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"51 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44335977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2129706
Samuel Chinaza Ikueze, Onyemuche Anele Ejesu
ABSTRACT The connections between literature and journalism have remained grounds of severe contestation. The arguments border on importance and availability of connections between literature and journalism. Both sides recognise truth as their subject. However, whereas literature tells truth by reinventing its environment (defamiliarisation), journalism tells truth as it is. Literature and journalism tell about oppressions humans face, especially in postcolonial African society where both are instruments of resistance against oppression. Journalists are exceptional writers who base their writing on discovery, establishment, and projection of the true nature of things around them. However, their assignment is not one with minimum worries. This paper combines the concepts and ideas of journalism and literary studies. It is possible because while some journalists live literature, others write literature in real life. Through the novels of former journalists, Okey Ndibe's Arrows of Rain and Helon Habila's Oil on Water, this paper will locate the place of journalists in postcolonial literary works. It will look at both novels, evaluating the contributions of journalists (and journalism) in their postcolonial societies and, through them, see the challenges that journalists encounter in their duties as the mouthpieces of the ordinary and voiceless individuals, especially during state-orchestrated oppression.
{"title":"Journalism and the Representation of Truth in the Nigerian Postcolonial Literature","authors":"Samuel Chinaza Ikueze, Onyemuche Anele Ejesu","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2129706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2129706","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The connections between literature and journalism have remained grounds of severe contestation. The arguments border on importance and availability of connections between literature and journalism. Both sides recognise truth as their subject. However, whereas literature tells truth by reinventing its environment (defamiliarisation), journalism tells truth as it is. Literature and journalism tell about oppressions humans face, especially in postcolonial African society where both are instruments of resistance against oppression. Journalists are exceptional writers who base their writing on discovery, establishment, and projection of the true nature of things around them. However, their assignment is not one with minimum worries. This paper combines the concepts and ideas of journalism and literary studies. It is possible because while some journalists live literature, others write literature in real life. Through the novels of former journalists, Okey Ndibe's Arrows of Rain and Helon Habila's Oil on Water, this paper will locate the place of journalists in postcolonial literary works. It will look at both novels, evaluating the contributions of journalists (and journalism) in their postcolonial societies and, through them, see the challenges that journalists encounter in their duties as the mouthpieces of the ordinary and voiceless individuals, especially during state-orchestrated oppression.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"10 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46567133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2116587
H. Wasserman
anthropology
人类学
{"title":"The Incompleteness of Knowledge Production: An Interview with Francis Nyamnjoh","authors":"H. Wasserman","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2116587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2116587","url":null,"abstract":"anthropology","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49270680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2080389
J. Mwaura
“voice of the voiceless” by offering sublet avenues of expression,” (Mano 2007, 61). Good examples cited by the authors include a great joke about a goat, school fees and a minister. I won’t tell the joke here, it would ruin you reading the book, which I encourage you to do. It tells the story of going beyond the journalism of: I write, you read disruption, but adds the textured layer of the economic, cultural, political particularisms in the discussions and analysis of disruption in journalism and audience participation. There are both universals and particularisms in this book, that is to say, universally journalism is disrupted but how audience participation occurs differs in the sub-Saharan continent. It is readable, with sparks of humour, but also a significant academic contribution, especially within the foregrounding of decolonial thinking from the global south. Glenda Daniels is an associate professor in Media Studies Wits University.
{"title":"Searching for a New Kenya: politics and social media on the streets of Mombasa","authors":"J. Mwaura","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2080389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2080389","url":null,"abstract":"“voice of the voiceless” by offering sublet avenues of expression,” (Mano 2007, 61). Good examples cited by the authors include a great joke about a goat, school fees and a minister. I won’t tell the joke here, it would ruin you reading the book, which I encourage you to do. It tells the story of going beyond the journalism of: I write, you read disruption, but adds the textured layer of the economic, cultural, political particularisms in the discussions and analysis of disruption in journalism and audience participation. There are both universals and particularisms in this book, that is to say, universally journalism is disrupted but how audience participation occurs differs in the sub-Saharan continent. It is readable, with sparks of humour, but also a significant academic contribution, especially within the foregrounding of decolonial thinking from the global south. Glenda Daniels is an associate professor in Media Studies Wits University.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"92 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44267613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2049618
T. Tshabangu, A. Salawu
ABSTRACT This paper analyses institutional, contextual and human agency factors that affect technology innovation and adoption of digital journalism practices by indigenous African-language newspapers focusing on uMthunywa, Zimbabwe. uMthunywa, a legacy newspaper, positions itself as a digital-only news outlet after it was forced to stop printing in May 2020 due to a hotchpotch of political economy challenges exacerbated by the COVID-19 crisis. The conceptual framework of digital journalism is used to provide a benchmark against which to measure uMthunywa's adoption of new digital journalism practices. The critical theory of technology counters attempts of universalising technological innovation and digital journalism practice in newsrooms by viewing technologies as biased and contextual. Based on interviews and virtual ethnography, the paper finds that technological innovation at uMthunywa is very limited and there is a selective adoption of new digital journalism practices that contribute to the newspaper's survival. It is argued that a conservative organisational culture punctuated by technophobia and poor capitalisation are some of the barriers to technological innovation while lack of requisite digital skills by staff limits the adoption of new practices. The article contributes to debates about journalism innovation and the practice of digital journalism in Africa by indigenous-language newspapers.
{"title":"Technology Innovation and Digital Journalism Practice by Indigenous African-language Newspapers: The Case of uMthunywa in Zimbabwe","authors":"T. Tshabangu, A. Salawu","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2049618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2049618","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper analyses institutional, contextual and human agency factors that affect technology innovation and adoption of digital journalism practices by indigenous African-language newspapers focusing on uMthunywa, Zimbabwe. uMthunywa, a legacy newspaper, positions itself as a digital-only news outlet after it was forced to stop printing in May 2020 due to a hotchpotch of political economy challenges exacerbated by the COVID-19 crisis. The conceptual framework of digital journalism is used to provide a benchmark against which to measure uMthunywa's adoption of new digital journalism practices. The critical theory of technology counters attempts of universalising technological innovation and digital journalism practice in newsrooms by viewing technologies as biased and contextual. Based on interviews and virtual ethnography, the paper finds that technological innovation at uMthunywa is very limited and there is a selective adoption of new digital journalism practices that contribute to the newspaper's survival. It is argued that a conservative organisational culture punctuated by technophobia and poor capitalisation are some of the barriers to technological innovation while lack of requisite digital skills by staff limits the adoption of new practices. The article contributes to debates about journalism innovation and the practice of digital journalism in Africa by indigenous-language newspapers.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"37 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44362941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/23743670.2022.2072925
L. Ncube, Admire Mare
ABSTRACT Debates around the sociocultural phenomenon known as “fake news” have gathered storm since the 2016 US Presidential elections. Our study problematises the notion of “truth” in a politically polarised and trust-deficit Zimbabwean society, where audiences are balkanised and pigeonholed into predefined filter bubbles. In order to make sense of this phenomenon during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, we fuse three analytical frameworks—Foucauldian discourse, social construction of the truth and peripheral actors in journalism. This is pertinent in a context where politicians often dismiss news disseminated through mainstream private and social media platforms as “fake”. This deployment of the term “fake news” as a (de)legitimation ritual creates the impression that there are certain media organisations whose civic duty is to dispense “authentic” news. Although the government of Zimbabwe presented itself as the “authentic” voice on issues related to COVID-19, inconsistencies were observed through our analysis. The article demonstrates the multiple and systemic layers and structures embedded within the discourse of “fake news” related to the mediation of COVID-19 in Zimbabwe. Our article also argues that the multiple regimes of (non)truth must be understood in the context of power relations between public officials, professional journalists and peripheral actors in journalism.
{"title":"“Fake News” and Multiple Regimes of “Truth” During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe","authors":"L. Ncube, Admire Mare","doi":"10.1080/23743670.2022.2072925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2022.2072925","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Debates around the sociocultural phenomenon known as “fake news” have gathered storm since the 2016 US Presidential elections. Our study problematises the notion of “truth” in a politically polarised and trust-deficit Zimbabwean society, where audiences are balkanised and pigeonholed into predefined filter bubbles. In order to make sense of this phenomenon during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, we fuse three analytical frameworks—Foucauldian discourse, social construction of the truth and peripheral actors in journalism. This is pertinent in a context where politicians often dismiss news disseminated through mainstream private and social media platforms as “fake”. This deployment of the term “fake news” as a (de)legitimation ritual creates the impression that there are certain media organisations whose civic duty is to dispense “authentic” news. Although the government of Zimbabwe presented itself as the “authentic” voice on issues related to COVID-19, inconsistencies were observed through our analysis. The article demonstrates the multiple and systemic layers and structures embedded within the discourse of “fake news” related to the mediation of COVID-19 in Zimbabwe. Our article also argues that the multiple regimes of (non)truth must be understood in the context of power relations between public officials, professional journalists and peripheral actors in journalism.","PeriodicalId":54049,"journal":{"name":"African Journalism Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"71 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43335471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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