Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness最新文献_第6页

Screening and Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Among Unvaccinated Blood Donors in Chongqing, China 重庆市未接种疫苗献血者 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的筛查与分析

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.232

Yulin Jiang, Lijuan Huang, Hongmei Liao, Chenghui Luo, Chunhong Zhang, Wei Mao

Objective: To investigate the rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody among unvaccinated voluntary blood donors in Chongqing, and to provide evidence for epidemic surveillance. Methods: A total of 10,208 voluntary blood donors from January 5 to January 20, 2021, in the Chongqing area were collected, and the SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies were detected by chemiluminescence, and the differences of antibody-positive rate in different gender, age, ABO blood group, and different risk areas were analyzed. Results: Among 10208 blood donors, 10 were found to be positive for SARS-COV-2 IgG antibody, giving a positivity rate of SARS-COV-2 IgG at 0.10%, and 29 were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody, with a positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgM at 0.28%. There was no statistical difference in the positive rate of antibody among different genders, ages, and ABO blood types, but it was related to the number of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in each city. Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rate in Chongqing was low and correlated with the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases.

目的调查重庆市未接种疫苗的自愿献血者中严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体的感染率，为疫情监测提供证据。研究方法收集重庆地区2021年1月5日至1月20日10208名无偿献血者，采用化学发光法检测SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白（Ig）G和IgM抗体，分析不同性别、年龄、ABO血型和不同危险地区抗体阳性率的差异。结果显示在 10208 名献血者中，发现 10 人 SARS-COV-2 IgG 抗体阳性，SARS-CoV-2 IgG 阳性率为 0.10%；29 人 SARS-CoV-2 IgM 抗体阳性，SARS-CoV-2 IgM 阳性率为 0.28%。不同性别、年龄和ABO血型之间的抗体阳性率无统计学差异，但与各城市2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）确诊病例数有关。结论重庆的SARS-CoV-2血清阳性率较低，且与COVID-19确诊病例数相关。

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引用次数: 0

Health Consequences Management in a Multi-Hazard Context: A Systematic Review of the Coincidence of Flood and the COVID-19 Pandemic 多重灾害背景下的健康后果管理：洪水与 COVID-19 大流行并发症的系统回顾

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.46

Arezoo Yari, Md. Khalid Hasan, Homa Yousefi Khoshsabegheh, Mohsen Soufi Boubakran, Mohamad Esmaeil Motlagh

Objectives:

The co-occurring flood and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) increase the consequences for health and life. This study examined the strategies to manage the health consequences of the co-occurring flood and COVID-19, with a specific focus on these 2 challenges.

Methods:

This review included all the studies published in peer-reviewed journals between January 1980 and June 2021. Several electronic databases were searched, including Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMT), version 2018, assessed the articles retrieved through a comprehensive and systematic literature search. Descriptive and thematic analyses were carried out to derive strategies for managing the health consequences of the simultaneous flood and COVID-19.

Results:

Among 4271 identified articles, 10 were eligible for inclusion. In total, 199 strategies were identified in this review for managing the multi-hazard health consequences of flooding and COVID-19, which were classified into 9 categories and 25 subcategories. The categories included policy making and decision making, coordination, risk communication, logistics, planning, preparedness measures, response measures, social and humanitarian support, and actions of local communities and non-governmental organizations.

Conclusions:

Managing a multi-hazard and reducing its health consequences requires various actions. Flood management must be needed, and flood-affected people and their health should be protected.

目标：洪水和冠状病毒疾病（COVID-19）的同时发生会增加对健康和生命的影响。方法：本综述包括 1980 年 1 月至 2021 年 6 月间发表在同行评审期刊上的所有研究。检索了多个电子数据库，包括 Scopus、Web of Science 和 PubMed。混合方法评估工具（MMT）2018 版对通过全面系统的文献检索检索到的文章进行了评估。进行了描述性分析和主题分析，以得出管理同时发生的洪水和 COVID-19 对健康造成的影响的策略。结果：在 4271 篇已确定的文章中，有 10 篇符合纳入条件。本综述共确定了 199 种管理洪水和 COVID-19 带来的多种危害健康后果的策略，并将其分为 9 个类别和 25 个子类别。这些类别包括政策制定和决策、协调、风险沟通、后勤、规划、准备措施、应对措施、社会和人道主义支持，以及当地社区和非政府组织的行动。必须进行洪水管理，并保护受洪水影响的人们及其健康。

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引用次数: 0

Cross-Country Discrepancies in Monkeypox Vaccine Hesitancy Among Postgraduate and Undergraduate Medical Students 各国医科研究生和本科生对猴痘疫苗态度的差异

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.50

Mai Hussein, Abdelmonem Siddiq, Horeya M. Ismail, Norhan Mansy, Doha El-Sayed Ellakwa, Mohammed Nassif, Areej A. Hussein, Jubran K. Abdullah Alzedaar, Chukwuagoziem A. Iloanusi, Murad O. Omran, Khalil M. Rourou, Tarun K. Suvvari, Saja Yazbek, Ramy M. Ghazy

Background: Medical students hold significant importance, as they represent the future of healthcare provision. This study aimed to explore psychological antecedents towards the monkeypox (mpox) vaccines among postgraduate and undergraduate medical students across countries. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students aged 18 years old and above in 7 countries; Egypt, Romania, Malaysia, and Yemen, Iraq, India, and Nigeria. We used social media platforms between September 27 and November 4, 2022. An anonymous online survey using the 5C scale was conducted using snowball and convenience Sampling methods to assess the 5 psychological antecedents of vaccination (i.e., confidence, constraints, complacency, and calculation, as well as collective responsibility). Results: A total of 2780 participants were recruited. Participants’ median age was 22 years and 52.1% of them were males. The 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination were as follows: 55% were confident about vaccination, 10% were complacent, 12% experienced constraints, and 41% calculated the risk and benefit. Lastly, 32% were willing to be vaccinated for the prevention of infection transmission to others. The Country was a significant predictor of confidence, complacency, having constraints, and calculation domains (P < 0.001). Having any idea about the mpox vaccine was linked to 1.6 times higher odds of being more confident [OR = 1.58 (95% CI, 1.26–1.98), P < 0.001] Additionally, living in a rural area significantly increased complacency [OR = 1.42 (95% CI, 1.05–1.95), P = 0.024] as well as having anyone die from mpox [OR = 3.3 (95% CI, 1.64–6.68), P < 0.001]. Education level was associated with increased calculation [OR = 2.74 (95% CI, 1.62–4.64), P < 0.001]. Moreover, being single and having no chronic diseases significantly increased the calculation domain [OR = 1.40 (95% CI, 1.06–1.98), P = 0.02] and [OR = 1.54 (95% CI, 1.10–2.16), P = 0.012] respectively. Predictors of collective responsibility were age 31–45 years [OR = 2.89 (95% CI, 1.29–6.48), P = 0.01], being single [OR = 2.76 (95% CI, 1.94 -3.92), P < 0.001], being a graduate [OR = 1.59 (95% CI (1.32–1.92), P < 0.001], having no chronic disease [OR = 2.14 (95% CI, 1.56–2.93), P < 0.001], and not knowing anyone who died from mpox [OR = 2.54 (95% CI, 1.39–4.64), P < 0.001), as well as living in a middle-income country [OR = 0.623, (95% CI, 0.51–0.73), P < 0.001]. Conclusions: This study underscores the multifaceted nature of psychological antecedents of vaccination, emphasizing the impact of socio-demographic factors, geographic location, and awareness, as wel

背景：医学生代表着医疗保健服务的未来，因此具有重要意义。本研究旨在探讨各国医科研究生和本科生接种猴痘疫苗的心理诱因。研究方法我们对埃及、罗马尼亚、马来西亚、也门、伊拉克、印度和尼日利亚等 7 个国家 18 岁及以上的医科学生进行了横断面调查。我们在 2022 年 9 月 27 日至 11 月 4 日期间使用了社交媒体平台。采用雪球法和便利取样法，使用 5C 量表进行了匿名在线调查，以评估接种疫苗的 5 个心理先决条件（即信心、约束、自满和计算以及集体责任）。结果共招募了 2780 名参与者。参与者的年龄中位数为 22 岁，52.1% 为男性。接种疫苗的 5C 心理先决条件如下：55%的人对接种疫苗充满信心，10%的人沾沾自喜，12%的人经历过限制，41%的人计算过风险和收益。最后，32% 的人愿意接种疫苗，以防止传染给他人。国家是信心、自满、制约因素和计算领域的重要预测因素（P < 0.001）。此外，居住在农村地区会显著增加自满情绪[OR = 1.42 (95% CI, 1.05-1.95), P = 0.024]以及有人死于麻痘[OR = 3.3 (95% CI, 1.64-6.68), P <0.001]。受教育程度与计算量的增加有关[OR = 2.74（95% CI，1.62-4.64），P < 0.001]。此外，单身和无慢性病分别显著增加了计算域[OR = 1.40 (95% CI, 1.06-1.98), P = 0.02]和[OR = 1.54 (95% CI, 1.10-2.16), P = 0.012]。集体责任感的预测因素是年龄 31-45 岁[OR = 2.89（95% CI，1.29-6.48），P = 0.01]、单身[OR = 2.76（95% CI，1.94-3.92），P <0.001]、毕业[OR = 1.59（95% CI（1.32-1.92），P <0.001]、无慢性疾病[OR=2.14（95% CI，1.56-2.93），P <；0.001]、不认识死于麻风病的人[OR=2.54（95% CI，1.39-4.64），P <；0.001]，以及生活在中等收入国家[OR=0.623，（95% CI，0.51-0.73），P <；0.001]。结论：本研究强调了接种疫苗的心理诱因的多面性，强调了社会人口因素、地理位置、意识以及以往的经历对个人态度和接种疫苗的集体责任的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship Between Disaster Response Self-Efficacy and Disaster Preparedness in Nursing Students: After-Earthquake Study 护理专业学生的灾难应对自我效能感与灾难准备之间的关系：地震后研究

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.69

Eda Kılınç İşleyen, Zehra Demirkaya

Objective: This study was conducted to reveal the relationship between nursing students’ disaster response self-efficacy and their disaster preparedness perceptions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on nursing students after a major earthquake that occurred in Turkey on February 6, 2023 (n = 302). Data collection took place from June 2023 to October 2023, using the Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale (DRSES) and Disaster Preparedness Perception Scale (DPPS). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Nursing students’ DRSES mean score was 63.35 ± 10.83 (moderate level) and DPPS mean score was 3.41 ± 0.50 (high level). A positive and moderate correlation was found between nursing students’ DRSES and DPPS scores (r = 0.515; P = 0.000). Predictors affecting nursing students’ disaster preparedness are disaster response self-efficacy score, being male, and making a family disaster plan. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the importance of increasing the disaster response self-efficacy needed by nursing students to successfully assist patients in disaster situations.

研究目的本研究旨在揭示护生的灾难应对自我效能感与他们的备灾认知之间的关系。研究方法本横断面研究针对 2023 年 2 月 6 日土耳其发生大地震后的护理专业学生（n = 302）。数据收集时间为 2023 年 6 月至 2023 年 10 月，采用了灾难应对自我效能量表（DRSES）和备灾感知量表（DPPS）。数据分析采用了描述性统计、独立样本 t 检验、相关性和多元线性回归分析。结果护生的 DRSES 平均分为 63.35 ± 10.83（中等水平），DPPS 平均分为 3.41 ± 0.50（高水平）。护生的 DRSES 和 DPPS 分数之间呈中度正相关（r = 0.515；P = 0.000）。影响护生防灾能力的预测因素包括灾难应对自我效能得分、男性和制定家庭灾难计划。结论：本研究的结果强调了提高护理专业学生在灾难情况下成功救助病人所需的灾难应对自我效能的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The Critical Need for Disaster Medicine in Modern Medical Education 现代医学教育对灾难医学的迫切需要

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.56

Muhammad Hamza Shah, Subham Roy, Eleni Flari

Current escalation of natural disasters, pandemics, and humanitarian crises underscores the pressing need for inclusion of disaster medicine in medical education frameworks. Conventional medical training often lacks adequate focus on the complexities and unique challenges inherent in such emergencies. This discourse advocates for the integration of disaster medicine into medical curricula, highlighting the imperative to prepare health-care professionals for an effective response in challenging environments. These competencies encompass understanding mass casualty management, ethical decision-making amidst resource constraints, and adapting health-care practices to varied emergency contexts. Therefore, we posit that equipping medical students with these specialized skills and knowledge is vital for health-care delivery in the face of global health emergencies.

目前，自然灾害、流行病和人道主义危机不断升级，这凸显了将灾难医学纳入医学教育框架的迫切需要。传统的医学培训往往缺乏对此类紧急情况固有的复杂性和独特挑战的足够重视。本论述主张将灾难医学纳入医学课程，强调必须培养医护人员在具有挑战性的环境中做出有效反应的能力。这些能力包括了解大规模伤亡管理、在资源紧张的情况下做出合乎伦理的决策，以及根据不同的紧急情况调整医疗实践。因此，我们认为，让医科学生掌握这些专业技能和知识，对于在全球卫生紧急情况下提供医疗服务至关重要。

引用次数: 0

The Great Destruction - Turkey in the Earthquake of the Century: A Health Sector Perspective. 大破坏--世纪大地震中的土耳其：卫生部门的视角。

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.61

Nilgün Ulutaşdemir, Nurşen Kulakaç

引用次数: 0

Investigation of three different UV-C irradiation schemes for bacterial decontamination of FFP2 masks to make them reusable 研究三种不同的紫外线-C 照射方案，对 FFP2 掩膜进行细菌净化，使其可重复使用

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.86

Franziska Vaupel, Ingo Fengler, Nico T. Mutters, Patrick Scheid, Esther Sib, Ruth Weppler, Manuel Döhla

The effect of FFP2 masks for infection prevention is essential in healthcare systems, however, depending on supply chains. Efficient methods to reprocess FFP2 masks may be needed in disasters. Therefore, different UV-C irradiation schemes for bacterial decontamination of used FFP2 masks were investigated. 78 masks were irradiated with UV-light for durations between three and 120 seconds and subsequently analysed for the presence of viable bacteria on the inside. 10 masks served as control group. Irradiation on the inside of the masks reduced bacteria in proportion to the dose, with an almost complete decontamination after 30 seconds. Outside irradiation reduced the quantity of colonies without time dependent effects. Both side irradiation for cumulated 30 seconds or more showed almost complete decontamination. Overall, this study suggests that standardized UV irradiation schemes with treatment to both sides might be an efficient and effective method for FFP2 mask decontamination in times of insufficient supplies.

然而，FFP2 口罩在医疗保健系统中预防感染的效果至关重要，这取决于供应链。在灾难中可能需要有效的方法来重新处理 FFP2 口罩。因此，研究人员对不同的紫外线-C 照射方案进行了调查，以对使用过的 FFP2 口罩进行细菌净化。78 个口罩接受紫外线照射，时间从 3 秒到 120 秒不等，随后分析口罩内部是否存在存活细菌。10 个口罩作为对照组。对口罩内部的照射可按剂量比例减少细菌数量，30 秒后几乎可完全消除污染。外部照射可减少菌落数量，但不会产生时间效应。两侧累计照射 30 秒或更长时间后，几乎可以完全消除污染。总之，这项研究表明，在供应不足的情况下，对两侧进行处理的标准化紫外线照射方案可能是一种高效的 FFP2 掩膜净化方法。

引用次数: 0

Residents’ KABP and Social Support Statuses Under Normalized COVID-19 Pandemic Prevention and Control: A Cross-Sectional Study 在 COVID-19 大流行防控规范化条件下居民的 KABP 和社会支持状况：横断面研究

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.5

Kaihan Yang, Yubinxin Peng, Jiehang Li, Yujie Xie, Fei Zhang

Objectives:

To investigate the status quo of residents’ knowledge, attitude, belief, and practice (KABP) and social support and the correlation of KABP with social support under normalized coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prevention and control.

Methods:

A questionnaire was designed based on the KABP model, and an online survey was conducted among residents in September 2022. SPSS software (version 25.0) was used to analyze the data. Two independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate linear regression analysis, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were conducted.

Results:

In total, 326 valid questionnaires were obtained. The scoring rates of residents’ KABP and social support were 68.1%, 92.2%, 89.3%, 75.3%, and 62.6%, respectively. Main factors influencing residents’ knowledge included gender, nationality, education level, practice, and social support; those influencing attitude were belief and practice; those influencing belief were place of residence, attitude, and practice; those influencing practice were knowledge, attitude, belief, and social support; and those influencing social support were marital status, place of residence, knowledge, and practice. Social support was positively correlated with knowledge and practice.

Conclusions:

This study provides a scientific foundation for the current normalized prevention and control of COVID-19 and is conducive to health managers to better carry out prevention and control related health education for specific groups.

方法：根据KABP模型设计问卷，于2022年9月对居民进行在线调查。采用 SPSS 软件（25.0 版）分析数据。结果：共获得 326 份有效问卷。居民对 KABP 和社会支持的得分率分别为 68.1%、92.2%、89.3%、75.3% 和 62.6%。影响居民知识的主要因素包括性别、国籍、教育程度、实践和社会支持；影响态度的主要因素包括信念和实践；影响信念的主要因素包括居住地、态度和实践；影响实践的主要因素包括知识、态度、信念和社会支持；影响社会支持的主要因素包括婚姻状况、居住地、知识和实践。结论：本研究为当前COVID-19的常态化防控提供了科学依据，有利于卫生管理人员更好地针对特定人群开展防控相关的健康教育。

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引用次数: 0

A Longitudinal Study of Hospital Safety From Disasters in Kermanshah Province, Iran: Insights for Disaster Risk Reduction 伊朗克尔曼沙阿省医院防灾安全纵向研究：减少灾害风险的启示

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.67

Vahid Ghanbari, Yaghob Hidari, Nader Salari, Joseph Kimuli Balikuddembe, Ehsan Rahimi, Leili Rostamnia

Objective: The Hospital Safety Index (HSI) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) was adopted by most countries to evaluate the safety of hospitals against disasters. This study aimed to assess the status of hospital safety from disasters between 2016 and 2022 in Kermanshah province in Iran. Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal study which investigated HSI data from 23 hospitals. Data were gathered by Farsi Hospital Safety Index (FHSI) and analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The risk of hydro-meteorological (from 43.1 to 32.7) and biological hazards (51.3 to 35.5) significantly decreased. Although structural safety remained constant (from 67.8 to 70.1), nonstructural (from 51.5 to 71.2), and functional (from 47.1 to 71.2) safety scores increased significantly over study period. Conclusions: The findings revealed hospitals safety in Kermanshah province gradually improved. However, the health-care stakeholders should pay the necessary attention to improving the structural safety of hospitals.

目的：世界卫生组织（WHO）制定的医院安全指数（Hospital Safety Index，HSI）被大多数国家采用来评估医院的防灾安全。本研究旨在评估 2016 年至 2022 年期间伊朗克尔曼沙阿省医院的抗灾安全状况。研究方法这是一项回顾性纵向研究，调查了 23 家医院的 HSI 数据。数据通过法西医院安全指数（FHSI）收集，并采用重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）进行分析。研究结果水文气象（从 43.1 降至 32.7）和生物危害（从 51.3 降至 35.5）的风险显著降低。虽然结构性安全保持不变（从 67.8 到 70.1），但非结构性（从 51.5 到 71.2）和功能性（从 47.1 到 71.2）安全得分在研究期间大幅上升。结论研究结果表明，克尔曼沙阿省的医院安全状况逐步改善。然而，医疗保健相关方应对改善医院的结构安全给予必要的关注。

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引用次数: 0

"Jordanian Nurses' Perceptions of Disaster Preparedness and Core Competencies". "约旦护士对备灾和核心能力的看法"。

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 Medicine

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2024.81

Alia N Alfouqaha, Mohammad R Al Osta, Anas H Khalifeh, I. Oweidat

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to identify the Jordanian nurses' perception of their disaster preparedness and core competencies.METHODSA descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used. The data was collected via an online self-reported questionnaire using the disaster preparedness evaluation tool and the core disaster competencies tool.RESULTSA total of 126 nurses participated in the study. Jordanian nurses had moderate to high levels of core disaster competencies and moderate levels of disaster preparedness. Core disaster competencies and disaster preparedness levels differed based on previous training on disaster preparedness and the availability of an established emergency plan in their hospitals. Lastly, a previous training on disaster preparedness and core disaster competencies were statistically significant predictors of disaster preparedness among Jordanian nurses.CONCLUSIONSOrganizational factors and environmental contexts play a role in the development of such capabilities. Future research should focus on understanding the barriers and facilitators of developing core disaster competencies and disaster preparedness among nurses.

目的本研究旨在确定约旦护士对其备灾能力和核心能力的看法。方法采用描述性横断面研究设计。结果共有 126 名护士参与了研究。约旦护士的核心灾难能力处于中上水平，备灾能力处于中等水平。核心防灾能力和备灾水平因以前接受过的防灾培训和医院是否有既定的应急计划而有所不同。最后，以前接受过的备灾培训和核心备灾能力在统计学上对约旦护士的备灾能力有显著的预测作用。未来的研究应侧重于了解护士发展核心防灾能力和备灾能力的障碍和促进因素。

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引用次数: 0