Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.25100/SOCOLEN.V46I2.8435
M. B. González-Maldonado, J. M. Coronado-Blanco, J. R. Lomelí-Flores
Se relacionan las especies de la familia Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) presentes en cultivos de maíz en el Estado de Durango, México. Se resalta la presencia de Meteorus arizonensis y Meteorus laphygmae (Euphorinae) como nuevos registros de parasitoides del gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda. Estos nuevos registros contribuyen al conocimiento de la diversidad de himenópteros, los cuales, además pueden ser utilizados en programas de control biológico.
{"title":"Nuevos registros de bracónidos (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitoides de gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) en Durango, México","authors":"M. B. González-Maldonado, J. M. Coronado-Blanco, J. R. Lomelí-Flores","doi":"10.25100/SOCOLEN.V46I2.8435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/SOCOLEN.V46I2.8435","url":null,"abstract":"Se relacionan las especies de la familia Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) presentes en cultivos de maíz en el Estado de Durango, México. Se resalta la presencia de Meteorus arizonensis y Meteorus laphygmae (Euphorinae) como nuevos registros de parasitoides del gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda. Estos nuevos registros contribuyen al conocimiento de la diversidad de himenópteros, los cuales, además pueden ser utilizados en programas de control biológico.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48227771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.25100/SOCOLEN.V46I2.7065
Eder Ramos-Hernández, Julia María Lesher-Gordillo, C. F. Ortiz-García, C. Oropeza-Salín, Saúl Sánchez-Soto, Miguel Ángel Magaña-Alejandro, Maria Narvaez-Cab
Los fitoplasmas del grupo 16SrIV causan enfermedades tipo amarillamiento letal (STAL) en palmas a nivel mundial. El fitoplasma del amarillamiento letal del cocotero (ALC) se conoce como ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’ (16SrIV-A). Al igual que en el ALC, muchas enfermedades causadas por fitoplasma a nivel mundial, sus vectores no han sido identificados. El único vector del fitoplasma del ALC incriminado es Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la presencia del fitoplasma 16SrIV en cíxiidos y dérbidos asociados a palmas (Adonidia merrillii y Cocos nucifera) positivas a fitoplasmas. Se realizaron capturas de insectos asociados a estas palmas durante la mañana y tarde. La presencia de fitoplasma fue determinada por PCR en tiempo real, empleando los cebadores TaqMan LY16S-ANYF (GCTAAGTCCCCACCATAACGT) y LY16S-ANYR (CGTGTCGTGAGAT-GTTAGGTTAAGT); sonda LY16S-ANYM (FAMCCCCTGTCGTTAATTG-NFQ). No se detectó la presencia de fitoplasma del grupo 16SrIV en H. crudus aunque sí se mostró su presencia en H. skarphion (Hemiptera: Cixiidae), Oecleus snowi (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) y Persis foveatis (Hemiptera: Derbidae). Estos resultados sugieren que estas tres especies pueden ser potenciales vectores del fitoplasma del grupo 16 SrIV en palmas.
{"title":"Cíxidos y dérbidos (Hemiptera) vectores putativos de fitoplasma del grupo 16Sr-IV","authors":"Eder Ramos-Hernández, Julia María Lesher-Gordillo, C. F. Ortiz-García, C. Oropeza-Salín, Saúl Sánchez-Soto, Miguel Ángel Magaña-Alejandro, Maria Narvaez-Cab","doi":"10.25100/SOCOLEN.V46I2.7065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/SOCOLEN.V46I2.7065","url":null,"abstract":"Los fitoplasmas del grupo 16SrIV causan enfermedades tipo amarillamiento letal (STAL) en palmas a nivel mundial. El fitoplasma del amarillamiento letal del cocotero (ALC) se conoce como ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’ (16SrIV-A). Al igual que en el ALC, muchas enfermedades causadas por fitoplasma a nivel mundial, sus vectores no han sido identificados. El único vector del fitoplasma del ALC incriminado es Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la presencia del fitoplasma 16SrIV en cíxiidos y dérbidos asociados a palmas (Adonidia merrillii y Cocos nucifera) positivas a fitoplasmas. Se realizaron capturas de insectos asociados a estas palmas durante la mañana y tarde. La presencia de fitoplasma fue determinada por PCR en tiempo real, empleando los cebadores TaqMan LY16S-ANYF (GCTAAGTCCCCACCATAACGT) y LY16S-ANYR (CGTGTCGTGAGAT-GTTAGGTTAAGT); sonda LY16S-ANYM (FAMCCCCTGTCGTTAATTG-NFQ). No se detectó la presencia de fitoplasma del grupo 16SrIV en H. crudus aunque sí se mostró su presencia en H. skarphion (Hemiptera: Cixiidae), Oecleus snowi (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) y Persis foveatis (Hemiptera: Derbidae). Estos resultados sugieren que estas tres especies pueden ser potenciales vectores del fitoplasma del grupo 16 SrIV en palmas.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82769512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7111
Saúl Sánchez-Soto
El 7 de mayo de 2018, en el jardín de un sitio arqueológico en el norte de Campeche, México, se observó una planta de Cycas revoluta con aproximadamente el 40 % del follaje dañado por un enjambre de Aulacoscelis melanocera (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae). El presente trabajo constituye el primer registro de esta especie ocasionando daño severo en C. revoluta y su primer registro para el estado de Campeche.
{"title":"Registro de daño de Aulacoscelis melanocera (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae) sobre Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae) en Campeche, México","authors":"Saúl Sánchez-Soto","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7111","url":null,"abstract":"El 7 de mayo de 2018, en el jardín de un sitio arqueológico en el norte de Campeche, México, se observó una planta de Cycas revoluta con aproximadamente el 40 % del follaje dañado por un enjambre de Aulacoscelis melanocera (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae). El presente trabajo constituye el primer registro de esta especie ocasionando daño severo en C. revoluta y su primer registro para el estado de Campeche.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42517508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7683
Ruth M. Castillo-Morales, Jonny Edward Duque Luna
Diferentes estudios han evaluado la actividad biocida de aceites esenciales (AEs) en larvas de mosquitos de importancia médica. Sin embargo, son limitadas las investigaciones que analizan los efectos de los AEs en todos los estadíos del ciclo de vida de Aedes aegypti. Este estudio evalúa la actividad biológica del AE de Salvia officinalis frente a Ae. aegypti. Se evaluó la actividad ovicida a concentraciones de 1, 5, 37 y 50 mg.L-1 en huevos de 0-12 h y huevos de 0-72 h. La actividad larvicida, pupicida y adulticida fue evaluada a concentraciones exploratorias (CE) y múltiples. Para la actividad repelente se empleó una CE de 1.000 mg.L-1 en intervalos de 0-2 min y de 2-15 min de exposición en antebrazos de voluntarios. La actividad disuasiva de oviposición se estimó a CE de 5, 50 y 200 mg.L-1. El AE causó malformaciones en embriones y alteración de las larvas. La mayor actividad larvicida fue a 63 y 76 mg.L-1 (27 ± 13,4 y 37 ± 18,6 %) a 24 h. La mayor mortalidad pupicida fue a 310 y 390 mg.L-1 (89 ± 1,53 and 100 ± 0 %) a las 48 h. La mortalidad adulticida a 300 mg.L-1 fue de 57,5 ± 0 % y el porcentaje de repelencia fue de 42 ± 4,7 %. La acción disuasiva a 200 mg.L-1 fue de 97 ± 4,81 %, con un índice de actividad de ovipostura de -0,94. S. officinalis mostró un efecto biocida en embriones y mortalidad de pupas y adultos, lo que revela que tiene un uso potencial en programas de control focalizados en estos estadios de desarrollo.
{"title":"Actividad disuasiva y biocida de Salvia officinalis con inducción de malformaciones en Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)","authors":"Ruth M. Castillo-Morales, Jonny Edward Duque Luna","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7683","url":null,"abstract":"Diferentes estudios han evaluado la actividad biocida de aceites esenciales (AEs) en larvas de mosquitos de importancia médica. Sin embargo, son limitadas las investigaciones que analizan los efectos de los AEs en todos los estadíos del ciclo de vida de Aedes aegypti. Este estudio evalúa la actividad biológica del AE de Salvia officinalis frente a Ae. aegypti. Se evaluó la actividad ovicida a concentraciones de 1, 5, 37 y 50 mg.L-1 en huevos de 0-12 h y huevos de 0-72 h. La actividad larvicida, pupicida y adulticida fue evaluada a concentraciones exploratorias (CE) y múltiples. Para la actividad repelente se empleó una CE de 1.000 mg.L-1 en intervalos de 0-2 min y de 2-15 min de exposición en antebrazos de voluntarios. La actividad disuasiva de oviposición se estimó a CE de 5, 50 y 200 mg.L-1. El AE causó malformaciones en embriones y alteración de las larvas. La mayor actividad larvicida fue a 63 y 76 mg.L-1 (27 ± 13,4 y 37 ± 18,6 %) a 24 h. La mayor mortalidad pupicida fue a 310 y 390 mg.L-1 (89 ± 1,53 and 100 ± 0 %) a las 48 h. La mortalidad adulticida a 300 mg.L-1 fue de 57,5 ± 0 % y el porcentaje de repelencia fue de 42 ± 4,7 %. La acción disuasiva a 200 mg.L-1 fue de 97 ± 4,81 %, con un índice de actividad de ovipostura de -0,94. S. officinalis mostró un efecto biocida en embriones y mortalidad de pupas y adultos, lo que revela que tiene un uso potencial en programas de control focalizados en estos estadios de desarrollo.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69269344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i2.8489
Jerffersoney Garcia Costa, Leonardo Leite Fialho-Junior, I. C. L. Santos, R. Zanetti, A. Santos
Teak, Tectona grandis is one of the most valuable woods in the world. In Brazil, it is attacked by sap-sucking insects such as Euschistus heros, known as Neotropical brown stink bug. Here we report the first occurrence of this pest in teak tree plantations in Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The injuries on the trees were characterized and photographed, along with the insects collected on plants. Injuries caused the apical bud to dry, advancing to the entire plant drying. Injuries occur from the histological damage caused by insect stylets and the toxic enzyme released into plant cells.
{"title":"First report of Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) damaging teak trees (Tectona grandis) in the neotropics","authors":"Jerffersoney Garcia Costa, Leonardo Leite Fialho-Junior, I. C. L. Santos, R. Zanetti, A. Santos","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i2.8489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i2.8489","url":null,"abstract":"Teak, Tectona grandis is one of the most valuable woods in the world. In Brazil, it is attacked by sap-sucking insects such as Euschistus heros, known as Neotropical brown stink bug. Here we report the first occurrence of this pest in teak tree plantations in Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The injuries on the trees were characterized and photographed, along with the insects collected on plants. Injuries caused the apical bud to dry, advancing to the entire plant drying. Injuries occur from the histological damage caused by insect stylets and the toxic enzyme released into plant cells.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49100050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-28DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7520
Eduardo Aguilar-Astudillo, C. Rodríguez-Hernández, Hiram Bravo-Mojica, R. Soto-Hernández, N. Bautista-Martínez, F. Guevara-Hernández
En la mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum, plaga de importancia económica en hortalizas, su manejo con insecticidas sintéticos ha generado resistencia con efectos adversos para el ambiente. En la búsqueda de alternativas de manejo, se planteó esta investigación con el objetivo de cuantificar la repelencia de adultos con extractos crudos (metanol, etanol, diclorometano y hexano), aceites esenciales (AE) y compuestos mayoritarios de clavo y pimienta. En un vaso con 10 mL de agua, se colocó una hoja de tomate tratada a concentraciones de 1,0 a 0,000001 % y se introdujeron 20 adultos de 2 d de edad. Luego, de las 3 a las 72 h, se cuantificaron los adultos posados y por diferencia se determinó la repelencia. Los extractos crudos, AE y compuestos mayoritarios de clavo y pimienta repelieron entre 32,5 y 90,2 % la población de adultos de las 3 a las 72 h. Los AE de clavo y pimienta presentan mejor efecto repelente que los extractos crudos y compuestos secundarios, ya que lograron repeler de 46,2 a 100 %; el AE de clavo a la concentración de 1,0 % logró 100 % de repelencia a las 48 y 72 h y el AE de pimienta alcanza 97,5 % a las 72 h. En la práctica, se debe utilizar extracto crudo etanólico de ambas plantas a la concentración de 0,000001 % ya que logran repeler entre 38,7 y 87,5 % de adultos, de las 3 a las 72 h, y su efecto repelente persiste; además, es más fácil de conseguir, más seguro para el operador, distribuidor y consumidor; y está considerado en las normas de agricultura orgánica como solvente para la extracción de compuestos secundarios.
{"title":"Repelencia de adultos de mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Heteroptera: Aleyrodidae) con clavo y pimienta","authors":"Eduardo Aguilar-Astudillo, C. Rodríguez-Hernández, Hiram Bravo-Mojica, R. Soto-Hernández, N. Bautista-Martínez, F. Guevara-Hernández","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7520","url":null,"abstract":"En la mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum, plaga de importancia económica en hortalizas, su manejo con insecticidas sintéticos ha generado resistencia con efectos adversos para el ambiente. En la búsqueda de alternativas de manejo, se planteó esta investigación con el objetivo de cuantificar la repelencia de adultos con extractos crudos (metanol, etanol, diclorometano y hexano), aceites esenciales (AE) y compuestos mayoritarios de clavo y pimienta. En un vaso con 10 mL de agua, se colocó una hoja de tomate tratada a concentraciones de 1,0 a 0,000001 % y se introdujeron 20 adultos de 2 d de edad. Luego, de las 3 a las 72 h, se cuantificaron los adultos posados y por diferencia se determinó la repelencia. Los extractos crudos, AE y compuestos mayoritarios de clavo y pimienta repelieron entre 32,5 y 90,2 % la población de adultos de las 3 a las 72 h. Los AE de clavo y pimienta presentan mejor efecto repelente que los extractos crudos y compuestos secundarios, ya que lograron repeler de 46,2 a 100 %; el AE de clavo a la concentración de 1,0 % logró 100 % de repelencia a las 48 y 72 h y el AE de pimienta alcanza 97,5 % a las 72 h. En la práctica, se debe utilizar extracto crudo etanólico de ambas plantas a la concentración de 0,000001 % ya que logran repeler entre 38,7 y 87,5 % de adultos, de las 3 a las 72 h, y su efecto repelente persiste; además, es más fácil de conseguir, más seguro para el operador, distribuidor y consumidor; y está considerado en las normas de agricultura orgánica como solvente para la extracción de compuestos secundarios.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42895757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-28DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7612
J. Vásquez-Castro, G. D. De Baptista, Casimiro Dias Gadanha Jr., J. Bracho-Pérez
Insecticides resistance can significantly compromise the control programs of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), one of the main wheat pests in warehouses. The objectives of this work were to study the occurrence of resistance to fenitrothion and esfenvalerate in two Brazilian populations of R. dominica from Santa Rosa (SR lineage) and Campo Grande (CG lineage), as well as the insecticidal effect and residual action of these insecticides when used alone or as a mixture in stored wheat. The application system was calibrated to provide grain treatment at theoretical concentrations of 10 and/or 0.5 mg kg-1 fenitrothion and esfenvalerate, respectively. By comparing the fitted mortality curves for lineages within insecticides, as well as insecticides within lineages significant differences were observed in all cases. Esfenvalerate was ineffective in controlling R. dominica. The SR lineage of R. dominica was more resistant to the insecticides tested than the CG lineage. The number of individuals in the F1 offspring of R. dominica was dependent on the lineage, insecticide, and on the time after the application of insecticide. In the untreated grains (control), the CG lineage had a greater number of progeny than the SR lineage, while the opposite was verified in the grains treated. Fenitrothion and esfenvalerate are not useful for the control of R. dominica. Factors influencing control of R. dominica are discussed in this work.
{"title":"Impact of resistance to fenitrothion and esfenvalerate on the control of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in stored wheat","authors":"J. Vásquez-Castro, G. D. De Baptista, Casimiro Dias Gadanha Jr., J. Bracho-Pérez","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7612","url":null,"abstract":"Insecticides resistance can significantly compromise the control programs of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), one of the main wheat pests in warehouses. The objectives of this work were to study the occurrence of resistance to fenitrothion and esfenvalerate in two Brazilian populations of R. dominica from Santa Rosa (SR lineage) and Campo Grande (CG lineage), as well as the insecticidal effect and residual action of these insecticides when used alone or as a mixture in stored wheat. The application system was calibrated to provide grain treatment at theoretical concentrations of 10 and/or 0.5 mg kg-1 fenitrothion and esfenvalerate, respectively. By comparing the fitted mortality curves for lineages within insecticides, as well as insecticides within lineages significant differences were observed in all cases. Esfenvalerate was ineffective in controlling R. dominica. The SR lineage of R. dominica was more resistant to the insecticides tested than the CG lineage. The number of individuals in the F1 offspring of R. dominica was dependent on the lineage, insecticide, and on the time after the application of insecticide. In the untreated grains (control), the CG lineage had a greater number of progeny than the SR lineage, while the opposite was verified in the grains treated. Fenitrothion and esfenvalerate are not useful for the control of R. dominica. Factors influencing control of R. dominica are discussed in this work.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88063128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-26DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7721
Maria Alejandra Bautista-Giraldo, I. Armbrecht, Aymer Andrés Vásquez-Ordoñez
Deforestation produces homogeneous agricultural environments creating an imbalance between herbivores and their hosts. Since 2010, there has been a phytosanitary crisis in the peach palm (or chontaduro), Bactris gasipaes in the Colombian Pacific Region which can be attributed to two species of palm weevils: Rhynchophorus palmarum and Dynamis borassi. It has been proposed that deforestation of native palms, used by these weevils, induces these to find new resources in the peach palm. This study examined the association of these two weevils with native palms near chontaduro crops and how this occurs in two types of habitats. Six secondary forests and six anthropogenically disturbed areas were visited in third administrative division: “corregimientos” 1 and 2 (Zone A) and 7 and 8 (Zone B) in the municipality of Buenaventura. Three 50 x 100 m plots were designated in each zone, all palms with damage being recorded; the sampling was also complemented with a free sample. Twelve palm species distributed into one subfamily and nine generawere identified. A total of 271 unopened inflorescences were examined in Zone A and 501 in Zone B. Only evidence of damage was found in individuals of the “milpesos” palm (Oenocarpus bataua), an economically exploitable species. The proportion of palms affected in terms of habitat was significantly higher in the disturbed habitat. This is the first record that quantifies a high percentage of association between D. borassi and the “milpesos” palm in the Colombian Pacific Region, a phenomenon that could be explained by agroecological hypotheses.
森林砍伐造成了同质的农业环境，造成了食草动物和寄主之间的不平衡。自2010年以来，哥伦比亚太平洋地区的桃树棕榈(或chontaduro)出现了植物检疫危机，这可以归因于两种棕榈象甲:Rhynchophorus palmarum和Dynamis borassi。有人提出，这些象鼻虫所使用的原生棕榈树被砍伐，导致它们在桃棕中寻找新的资源。本研究调查了这两种象鼻虫与chontaduro作物附近的本地棕榈树的关系，以及这种关系如何在两种类型的栖息地中发生。在布埃纳文图拉市的第三个行政区划:“corregimientos”1和2 (A区)以及7和8 (B区)访问了6个次生林和6个人为干扰区。在每个区域指定三个50 x 100米的地块，记录所有损坏的棕榈树;抽样还补充了免费样品。共鉴定出12种棕榈，分布于1亚科9属。在A区和b区分别检查了271个和501个未开放的花序，仅在经济开发树种“milpesos”(Oenocarpus bataua)的个体中发现了损害的证据。在受干扰的生境中，棕榈树受生境影响的比例显著高于其他生境。这是第一个量化哥伦比亚太平洋地区D. borassi和“milpesos”棕榈之间高比例关联的记录，这一现象可以用农业生态学假说来解释。
{"title":"weevil Dynamis borassi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae) associated with native palms in forests and disturbed areas in Buenaventura, Colombia","authors":"Maria Alejandra Bautista-Giraldo, I. Armbrecht, Aymer Andrés Vásquez-Ordoñez","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i2.7721","url":null,"abstract":"Deforestation produces homogeneous agricultural environments creating an imbalance between herbivores and their hosts. Since 2010, there has been a phytosanitary crisis in the peach palm (or chontaduro), Bactris gasipaes in the Colombian Pacific Region which can be attributed to two species of palm weevils: Rhynchophorus palmarum and Dynamis borassi. It has been proposed that deforestation of native palms, used by these weevils, induces these to find new resources in the peach palm. This study examined the association of these two weevils with native palms near chontaduro crops and how this occurs in two types of habitats. Six secondary forests and six anthropogenically disturbed areas were visited in third administrative division: “corregimientos” 1 and 2 (Zone A) and 7 and 8 (Zone B) in the municipality of Buenaventura. Three 50 x 100 m plots were designated in each zone, all palms with damage being recorded; the sampling was also complemented with a free sample. Twelve palm species distributed into one subfamily and nine generawere identified. A total of 271 unopened inflorescences were examined in Zone A and 501 in Zone B. Only evidence of damage was found in individuals of the “milpesos” palm (Oenocarpus bataua), an economically exploitable species. The proportion of palms affected in terms of habitat was significantly higher in the disturbed habitat. This is the first record that quantifies a high percentage of association between D. borassi and the “milpesos” palm in the Colombian Pacific Region, a phenomenon that could be explained by agroecological hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87587698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i1.8604
G. López-Guillén, J. Gómez-Ruiz, J. Barrera
Interest in bioenergetic crops, such as the castor oil plant Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), for production of biodiesel has increased in recent years. In this paper, phytophagous arthropods, their natural enemies and floral visitors associated with this plant in the world are reviewed. Despite its insecticidal properties, arthropods have been reported feeding on R. communis plants. The arthropod pests of R. communis damage all parts of the plant, including the seeds, where some toxic compounds are even more concentrated. In the scientific databases, we found reports of 193 arthropods associated to R. communis in different parts of the world. This information obtained in the scientific databases was concentrated in a database and analyzed according to the coevolutive hypothesis, which allows us to predict that the greatest wealth and abundance of phytogenic arthropods is found in the center of origin by R. communis. According to this review, Achaea janata, Spodoptera litura, Edwardsiana flavescens, Liriomyza trifolii, L. sativae, Spilosoma obliqua, Cogenethes punctiferalis, Oxyrhachis taranda, and Helicoverpa armigera are the most devastating pests in Asia. In Africa, Agrotis ipsilon, S. exigua, Nezara viridula, Trialeurodes ricini, and Tetranychus urticae were mentioned as the most important. In Central and South-America, Phyllophaga sp., Agrietes sp., Erinnyis ello, N. viridula, Corythucha gossypii, Falconia antioquiana, and S. marima are reported as pests of economic importance. The most commonly reported natural enemies of some of these arthropod pests were species of Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. popilliae, Trichogramma achaeae, T. chilonis, T. minutum, T. australicum, T. dendrolimi, T. pretiosum, T. evanescens, Microplitis rufiventris, M. maculipennis, M. ophiusae, Telenomus remus, T. proditor, Stethorus siphonulus and S. histrio. Apis mellifera is recorded as the main insect pollinator of R. communis. Pest management methods used against the arthropod pests of R. communis include biological, ethological, mechanical, cultural, genetic, and chemical control.
{"title":"Arthropod pests and their management, natural enemies and flora visitors associated with castor (Ricinus communis), a biofuel plant: a review","authors":"G. López-Guillén, J. Gómez-Ruiz, J. Barrera","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i1.8604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i1.8604","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in bioenergetic crops, such as the castor oil plant Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), for production of biodiesel has increased in recent years. In this paper, phytophagous arthropods, their natural enemies and floral visitors associated with this plant in the world are reviewed. Despite its insecticidal properties, arthropods have been reported feeding on R. communis plants. The arthropod pests of R. communis damage all parts of the plant, including the seeds, where some toxic compounds are even more concentrated. In the scientific databases, we found reports of 193 arthropods associated to R. communis in different parts of the world. This information obtained in the scientific databases was concentrated in a database and analyzed according to the coevolutive hypothesis, which allows us to predict that the greatest wealth and abundance of phytogenic arthropods is found in the center of origin by R. communis. According to this review, Achaea janata, Spodoptera litura, Edwardsiana flavescens, Liriomyza trifolii, L. sativae, Spilosoma obliqua, Cogenethes punctiferalis, Oxyrhachis taranda, and Helicoverpa armigera are the most devastating pests in Asia. In Africa, Agrotis ipsilon, S. exigua, Nezara viridula, Trialeurodes ricini, and Tetranychus urticae were mentioned as the most important. In Central and South-America, Phyllophaga sp., Agrietes sp., Erinnyis ello, N. viridula, Corythucha gossypii, Falconia antioquiana, and S. marima are reported as pests of economic importance. The most commonly reported natural enemies of some of these arthropod pests were species of Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. popilliae, Trichogramma achaeae, T. chilonis, T. minutum, T. australicum, T. dendrolimi, T. pretiosum, T. evanescens, Microplitis rufiventris, M. maculipennis, M. ophiusae, Telenomus remus, T. proditor, Stethorus siphonulus and S. histrio. Apis mellifera is recorded as the main insect pollinator of R. communis. Pest management methods used against the arthropod pests of R. communis include biological, ethological, mechanical, cultural, genetic, and chemical control.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47228638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.25100/socolen.v46i1.6973
Guillermo L. Rúa-Uribe, Tatiana M. Giraldo-Jaramillo, Omar Triana-Chávez, Raúl Rojo, Enrique Henao, J. Pérez-Pérez
Dengue is the world’s most important arbovirus. It is transmitted by the bite of females Aedes spp. mosquitoes, which normally become infected by biting a viraemic host. There are, however, numerous studies that have identified vertical transmission as a rare yet important mechanism of vector infection. This study was conducted in order to quantify the occurrence of vertical transmission of dengue virus in Aedes mosquitoes collected by the Secretary of Health in Medellin, Colombia in 2016 (epidemic year) and 2017 (endemic year). Specimens were identified to species and tested for dengue in pools by RT-PCR. A total of 6,708 mosquitoes were collected; 96 % were Ae. aegypti, and 4 % were Ae. Albopictus. 294 of 2,211 pools tested were positive for dengue virus, and 50 of the positive pools were exclusively male mosquitoes. For both epidemic and the endemic years, vertical transmission was detected, though it was more frequent in 2016. Vertical transmission was observed in mosquitoes collected from all sectors of the city, without a distinct spatial pattern. Our results suggest that vertical transmission is a more frequent event with greater epidemiological relevance than previously estimated. Additional studies are required to verify the infectivity of the virus detected in male mosquitoes and to specify the role of vertical transmission in the incidence of dengue virus.
{"title":"Transmisión vertical de virus dengue en Aedes spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) en Medellín, Colombia","authors":"Guillermo L. Rúa-Uribe, Tatiana M. Giraldo-Jaramillo, Omar Triana-Chávez, Raúl Rojo, Enrique Henao, J. Pérez-Pérez","doi":"10.25100/socolen.v46i1.6973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i1.6973","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is the world’s most important arbovirus. It is transmitted by the bite of females Aedes spp. mosquitoes, which normally become infected by biting a viraemic host. There are, however, numerous studies that have identified vertical transmission as a rare yet important mechanism of vector infection. This study was conducted in order to quantify the occurrence of vertical transmission of dengue virus in Aedes mosquitoes collected by the Secretary of Health in Medellin, Colombia in 2016 (epidemic year) and 2017 (endemic year). Specimens were identified to species and tested for dengue in pools by RT-PCR. A total of 6,708 mosquitoes were collected; 96 % were Ae. aegypti, and 4 % were Ae. Albopictus. 294 of 2,211 pools tested were positive for dengue virus, and 50 of the positive pools were exclusively male mosquitoes. For both epidemic and the endemic years, vertical transmission was detected, though it was more frequent in 2016. Vertical transmission was observed in mosquitoes collected from all sectors of the city, without a distinct spatial pattern. Our results suggest that vertical transmission is a more frequent event with greater epidemiological relevance than previously estimated. Additional studies are required to verify the infectivity of the virus detected in male mosquitoes and to specify the role of vertical transmission in the incidence of dengue virus.","PeriodicalId":54476,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Entomologia","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80171010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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