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Induced almost para-Kähler Einstein metrics on cotangent bundles 共切束上的诱导几乎副卡勒爱因斯坦度量
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae047
Andreas Čap, Thomas Mettler
In earlier work, we have shown that for certain geometric structures on a smooth manifold M of dimension n, one obtains an almost para-Kähler–Einstein metric on a manifold A of dimension 2n associated to the structure on M. The geometry also associates a diffeomorphism between A and $T^*M$ to any torsion-free connection compatible with the geometric structure. Hence we can use this construction to associate to each compatible connection an almost para-Kähler–Einstein metric on $T^*M$. In this short article, we discuss the relation of these metrics to Patterson–Walker metrics and derive explicit formulae for them in the cases of projective, conformal and Grassmannian structures.
在早先的工作中,我们已经证明,对于维数为 n 的光滑流形 M 上的某些几何结构,我们可以在维数为 2n 的流形 A 上得到一个与 M 上的结构相关联的近似对凯勒-爱因斯坦度量。因此,我们可以利用这一构造,在 $T^*M$ 上为每个兼容连接关联一个几乎准凯勒-爱因斯坦度量。在这篇短文中,我们将讨论这些度量与帕特森-沃克度量的关系,并推导出它们在投影结构、共形结构和格拉斯曼结构情况下的明确公式。
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引用次数: 0
Sumsets in the set of squares 正方形集合中的和集
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae044
Christian Elsholtz, Lena Wurzinger
We study sumsets $mathcal{A}+mathcal{B}$ in the set of squares $mathcal{S}$ (and, more generally, in the set of kth powers $mathcal{S}_k$, where $kgeq 2$ is an integer). It is known by a result of Gyarmati that $mathcal{A}+mathcal{B}subset mathcal{S}_k cap [1,N]$ implies that $min(|mathcal{A}|,|mathcal{B}|)=O_k(log N)$. Here, we study how the upper bound on $|mathcal{B}|$ decreases, when the size of $|mathcal{A}|$ increases (or vice versa). In particular, if $|mathcal{A}|geq C k^{frac{1}{m}} m (log N)^{frac{1}{m}}$, then $|mathcal{B}|=O_k(m^2 log N)$, for sufficiently large N, a positive integer m and an explicit constant C > 0. For example, with $msim log log N$ this gives: If $|mathcal{A}|geq C_k log log N$, then $|mathcal{B}|=O_k(log N (log log N)^2)$.
我们研究平方集合 $mathcal{S}$ 中的和集 $mathcal{A}+mathcal{B}$ (更广义地说,是 kth 幂集合 $mathcal{S}_k$ 中的和集,其中 $kgeq 2$ 是整数)。由嘉尔马蒂的一个结果可知,$mathcal{A}+mathcal{B}subset mathcal{S}_k cap [1,N]$ 意味着 $min(|mathcal{A}|,|mathcal{B}|)=O_k(log N)$ 。在这里,我们将研究当 $||mathcal{A}|$ 的大小增加时,$||mathcal{B}|$ 的上界是如何减小的(反之亦然)。特别是,如果 $|mathcal{A}|geq C k^{frac{1}{m}} m (log N)^{frac{1}{m}}$, 那么 $|mathcal{B}|=O_k(m^2 log N)$, 对于足够大的 N、一个正整数 m 和一个显式常数 C > 0。 例如,在 $msim log log N$ 的情况下,这就给出了:如果$|mathcal{A}|geq C_k log log N$,那么$|mathcal{B}|=O_k(log N (log log N)^2)$。
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引用次数: 0
Sinha’s spectral sequence for long knots in codimension one and non-formality of the little 2-disks operad 辛哈的一维长节谱序列和小二盘运算符的非形式性
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae043
Syunji Moriya
We compute some differentials of Sinha’s spectral sequence for cohomology of the space of long knots modulo immersions in codimension one, mainly over a field of characteristic 2 or 3. This spectral sequence is closely related to Vassiliev’s spectral sequence for the space of long knots in codimension $geq2$. We prove that the d2-differential of an element is non-zero in characteristic 2, which has already essentially been proved by Salvatore, and the d3-differential of another element is non-zero in characteristic 3. While the geometric meaning of the sequence is unclear in codimension one, these results have some applications to non-formality of operads. The result in characteristic 3 implies planar non-formality of the standard map $C_ast(E_1)to C_ast(E_2)$ in characteristic 3, where $C_ast(E_k)$ denotes the chain little k-disks operad. We also reprove the result of Salvatore which states that $C_ast(E_2)$ is not formal as a planar operad in characteristic 2 using the result in characteristic 2. For the computation, we transfer the structure on configuration spaces behind the spectral sequence onto Thom spaces over fat diagonals through a duality between configuration spaces and fat diagonals. This procedure enables us to describe the differentials by relatively simple maps to Thom spaces. We also show that the d2-differential of the generator of bidegree $(-4,2)$ is zero in characteristic $not=2$. This computation illustrates how one can manage the three-term relation using the description. Although the computations in this paper are concentrated to codimension one, our method also works for codimension $geq2$ and we prepare most of the basic notions and lemmas for general codimension.
我们计算了辛哈在标度为一的长结空间模化浸入的同调谱序列的一些微分,主要是在特征为 2 或 3 的域上。这个谱序列与瓦西里耶夫的标度为 $geq2$ 的长节空间谱序列密切相关。我们证明了一个元素的 d2 微分在特征 2 中不为零,这一点萨尔瓦托雷已经基本证明了,而另一个元素的 d3 微分在特征 3 中不为零。虽然在标度一中序列的几何意义并不明确,但这些结果在操作数的非形式性方面有一些应用。特征 3 中的结果意味着标准映射 $C_ast(E_1)to C_ast(E_2)$ 在特征 3 中的平面非形式性,其中 $C_ast(E_k)$ 表示链小 k 盘操作数。我们还利用特征 2 的结果重新证明了萨尔瓦托雷的结果,即在特征 2 中$C_ast(E_2)$ 不是形式的平面操作数。为了进行计算,我们通过配置空间和胖对角线之间的对偶性,把谱序列背后的配置空间结构转移到胖对角线上的托姆空间上。这一过程使我们能够通过相对简单的映射来描述托姆空间的微分。我们还证明,在特征 $not=2$ 中,双阶 $(-4,2)$ 的生成器的 d2 微分为零。这一计算说明了如何利用描述来处理三项关系。虽然本文的计算集中于一维,但我们的方法同样适用于一维$geq2$,而且我们为一般维度准备了大部分基本概念和定理。
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引用次数: 0
The codegree isomorphism problem for finite simple groups 有限简单群的同度同构问题
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae039
Nguyen N Hung, Alexander Moretó
We study the codegree isomorphism problem for finite simple groups. In particular, we show that such a group is determined by the codegrees (counting multiplicity) of its irreducible characters. The proof is uniform for all simple groups and only depends on the classification by means of Artin–Tits’ simple order theorem.
我们研究了有限简单群的码度同构问题。特别是,我们证明了这样一个群是由其不可还原字符的编码度(计算多重性)决定的。证明对所有简单群都是统一的,只取决于通过阿尔丁-蒂茨的简单阶定理进行的分类。
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引用次数: 0
Homotopy Theoretic Properties Of Open Books 开放书籍的同调理论特性
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae035
Ruizhi Huang, Stephen Theriault
We study the homotopy groups of open books in terms of those of their pages and bindings. Under homotopy theoretic conditions on the monodromy we prove an integral decomposition result for the based loop space on an open book, and under more relaxed conditions we prove a rational loop space decomposition. The latter case allows for a rational dichotomy theorem for open books, as an extension of the classical dichotomy in rational homotopy theory. As a direct application, we show that for Milnor’s open book decomposition of an odd sphere with monodromy of finite order the induced action of the monodromy on the homology groups of its page cannot be nilpotent.
我们从开本的书页和装订的同调群角度研究开本的同调群。在单色性的同调理论条件下,我们证明了开本上基于环空间的积分分解结果;在更宽松的条件下,我们证明了合理环空间分解。在更宽松的条件下,我们证明了有理环空间分解。后一种情况允许对开卷进行有理二分定理,作为有理同调理论中经典二分定理的扩展。作为直接应用,我们证明了对于具有有限阶单色性的奇球体的米尔诺开卷分解,单色性对其页面同调群的诱导作用不可能是零势的。
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引用次数: 0
Non-commutative resolutions of linearly reductive quotient singularities 线性还原商奇点的非交换决议
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae033
Christian Liedtke, Takehiko Yasuda
We prove the existence of non-commutative crepant resolutions (in the sense of Van den Bergh) of quotient singularities by finite and linearly reductive group schemes in positive characteristic. In dimension 2, we relate these to resolutions of singularities provided by G-Hilbert schemes and F-blowups. As an application, we establish and recover results concerning resolutions for toric singularities, as well as canonical, log terminal and F-regular singularities in dimension 2.
我们证明了正特征有限线性还原群方案的商奇点的非交换crepant决议(在Van den Bergh的意义上)的存在。在维度 2 中,我们把它们与 G-Hilbert 方案和 F-blowups 所提供的奇点解析联系起来。作为应用,我们建立并恢复了关于环奇点的解析结果,以及维 2 中的卡农、对数终端和 F 不规则奇点的解析结果。
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引用次数: 0
Generic Diagonal Conic Bundles Revisited 通用对角线圆锥束再探讨
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae022
Alexei N Skorobogatov, Efthymios Sofos
We prove a stronger form of our previous result that Schinzel’s Hypothesis holds for 100% of n-tuples of integer polynomials satisfying the usual necessary conditions, where the primes represented by the polynomials are subject to additional constraints in terms of Legendre symbols, as well as upper and lower bounds. We establish the triviality of the Brauer group of generic diagonal conic bundles over the projective line. Finally, we give an explicit lower bound for the probability that diagonal conic bundles in certain natural families have rational points.
我们证明了先前结果的更强形式,即对于满足通常必要条件的 n 组整数多项式,辛泽尔假说 100%成立,其中多项式所代表的素数受到 Legendre 符号以及上下限的额外约束。我们建立了投影线上一般对角圆锥束的布劳尔群的三性。最后,我们给出了某些自然系中对角圆锥束具有有理点的概率的明确下限。
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引用次数: 0
Eventually fixed points of endomorphisms of virtually free groups 几乎自由群组内定点的最终定点
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae032
André Carvalho
We consider the subgroup of points of finite orbit through the action of an endomorphism of a finitely generated virtually free group, with particular emphasis on the subgroup of eventually fixed points, $text{EvFix}(varphi)$: points whose orbit contains a fixed point. We provide an algorithm to compute the subgroup of fixed points of an endomorphism of a finitely generated virtually free group and prove that finite orbits have cardinality bounded by a computable constant, which allows us to solve several algorithmic problems: deciding if φ is a finite order element of $text{End}(G)$, if φ is aperiodic, if $text{EvFix}(varphi)$ is finitely generated and if $text{EvFix}(varphi)$ is a normal subgroup. In the cases where $text{EvFix}(varphi)$ is finitely generated, we also present a bound for its rank and an algorithm to compute a generating set.
我们考虑通过有限生成的无形似群的内态化作用的有限轨道点的子群,特别强调最终固定点的子群,$text{EvFix}(varphi)$:轨道包含一个固定点的点。我们提供了一种算法来计算有限生成的 virtually free 群的内定点子群,并证明了有限轨道的心性受一个可计算常数的约束,这使我们能够解决几个算法问题:决定φ是否是$text{End}(G)$的有限阶元素,φ是否是非周期性的,$text{EvFix}(varphi)$是否是有限生成的,以及$text{EvFix}(varphi)$是否是一个正常子群。在$text{EvFix}(varphi)$是有限生成的情况下,我们还给出了它的秩的约束和计算生成集的算法。
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引用次数: 0
Motivic Geometry of two-Loop Feynman Integrals 双环费曼积分的动机几何学
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae015
Charles F Doran, Andrew Harder, Pierre Vanhove, Eric Pichon-Pharabod
We study the geometry and Hodge theory of the cubic hypersurfaces attached to two-loop Feynman integrals for generic physical parameters. We show that the Hodge structure attached to planar two-loop Feynman graphs decomposes into mixed Tate pieces and the Hodge structures of families of hyperelliptic, elliptic or rational curves depending on the space-time dimension. For two-loop graphs with a small number of edges, we give more precise results. In particular, we recover a result of Bloch (Double box motive. SIGMA 2021;17,048) that in the well-known double-box example, there is an underlying family of elliptic curves, and we give a concrete description of these elliptic curves. We show that the motive for the non-planar two-loop tardigrade graph is that of a K3 surface. In an appendix by Eric Pichon-Pharabod, we argue via high-precision numerical computations that the Picard number of this K3 surface is generically 11 and we compute the expected lattice polarization. Lastly, we show that generic members of the ice cream cone family of graph hypersurfaces correspond to the pairs of sunset Calabi–Yau varieties.
我们研究了一般物理参数下二环费曼积分所附立方超曲面的几何和霍奇理论。我们表明,平面双环费曼图上的霍奇结构分解为混合塔特片段和超椭圆、椭圆或有理曲线族的霍奇结构,这取决于时空维度。对于有少量边的双环图,我们给出了更精确的结果。特别是,我们恢复了布洛赫的一个结果(双箱动机。 SIGMA 2021;17,048),即在著名的双箱例子中,存在一个潜在的椭圆曲线族,我们给出了这些椭圆曲线的具体描述。我们证明了非平面双环迟行图的动机是 K3 曲面。在埃里克-皮雄-帕拉博德(Eric Pichon-Pharabod)的附录中,我们通过高精度数值计算论证了这个 K3 曲面的皮卡数一般为 11,并计算了预期的晶格极化。最后,我们证明了冰激凌锥系列图超曲面的一般成员对应于日落卡拉比优变体对。
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引用次数: 0
On an ErdŐs–Kac-Type Conjecture of Elliott 论艾略特的一个埃尔德Ő斯-卡克型猜想
IF 0.7 4区 数学 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1093/qmath/haae026
Ofir Gorodetsky, Lasse Grimmelt
Elliott and Halberstam proved that $sum_{p lt n} 2^{omega(n-p)}$ is asymptotic to $phi(n)$. In analogy to the Erdős–Kac theorem, Elliott conjectured that if one restricts the summation to primes p such that $omega(n-p)le 2 log log n+lambda(2log log n)^{1/2}$ then the sum will be asymptotic to $phi(n)int_{-infty}^{lambda} mathrm{e}^{-t^2/2},mathrm{d}t/sqrt{2pi}$. We show that this conjecture follows from the Bombieri–Vinogradov theorem. We further prove a related result involving Poisson–Dirichlet distribution, employing deeper lying level of distribution results of the primes.
艾略特和哈尔伯斯塔姆证明了 $sum_{p lt n} 2^{omega(n-p)}$ 是渐近于 $phi(n)$ 的。与厄尔多斯-卡克定理类似、埃利奥特猜想,如果把求和限制在素数 p 上,使得 $omega(n-p)le 2 log log n+lambda(2log log n)^{1/2}$ 那么和将渐近于 $phi(n)int_{-infty}^{lambda} mathrm{e}^{-t^2/2}、mathrm{d}t/sqrt{2pi}$.我们证明了这一猜想源于 Bombieri-Vinogradov 定理。我们进一步证明了涉及泊松-德里克利特分布的相关结果,运用了更深层次的素数分布结果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
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