In cases where it is necessary to separate true periodic changes from other variations, which during short periods of time often simulate periodicities, the method of the periodogram is at present the only one which can give definite results. In view of the importance of the questions connected with the changes in the frequency of the sun-spots, I have, therefore, undertaken the considerable labour of forming a complete periodogram of sun-spot variability as far as the data at my disposal allow me to do so. The following is a brief abstract of the results; the investigation will be presented shortly:— The periodogram, as already explained, is the diagram representing the intensity of periodic variations as determined from the sum of the squares of the two Fourier coefficients belonging to each assumed period. This diagram represents for any regular or irregular change exactly what the energy diagram gives us for a luminous disturbance which is analysed by a spectroscope.
{"title":"On sun-spot periodicities. —Preliminary notice","authors":"A. Schuster","doi":"10.1098/rspa.1906.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1906.0012","url":null,"abstract":"In cases where it is necessary to separate true periodic changes from other variations, which during short periods of time often simulate periodicities, the method of the periodogram is at present the only one which can give definite results. In view of the importance of the questions connected with the changes in the frequency of the sun-spots, I have, therefore, undertaken the considerable labour of forming a complete periodogram of sun-spot variability as far as the data at my disposal allow me to do so. The following is a brief abstract of the results; the investigation will be presented shortly:— The periodogram, as already explained, is the diagram representing the intensity of periodic variations as determined from the sum of the squares of the two Fourier coefficients belonging to each assumed period. This diagram represents for any regular or irregular change exactly what the energy diagram gives us for a luminous disturbance which is analysed by a spectroscope.","PeriodicalId":54559,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A-Containing Papers of Amathematical and Physical Character","volume":"77 1","pages":"141 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1906-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/rspa.1906.0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62073624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our second paper we suggest “whether the β-rays, which are analogous to the cathode corpuscles, may not be mainly operative in exciting the radium glow. On this surmise it would be reasonable to expect some little extension of the glow outside the limit of the solid radium itself. We are unable to detect any halo of luminosity outside the limit of the solid radium bromide; the glow appears to end with sudden abruptness at the boundary surface of the radium.” We omitted to state that this conclusion was arrived at by eye observations. The radium was observed in the dark with a lens, and with a low-power microscope. The earlier photographs of the spectrum of the glow were taken, for the purpose of comparison spectra, with the height of the slit reduced by shutters so as to be within the width of the exposed radium bromide, and, therefore, these photographs would not show whether the bright bands of nitrogen extend into the air beyond the radium. Subsequently photographs were taken with the whole height of the slit, and on these we find that all the bands of nitrogen do extend to some little distance outside the radium salt. Our attention at the time being directed to other phenomena of the glow, we did not examine the photographs to see if the nitrogen bands extended beyond the radium.
{"title":"On the spectrum of the spontaneous luminous radiation of radium. Part IV.–Extension of the glow","authors":"W. Huggins, M. L. Huggins","doi":"10.1098/RSPA.1906.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/RSPA.1906.0009","url":null,"abstract":"In our second paper we suggest “whether the β-rays, which are analogous to the cathode corpuscles, may not be mainly operative in exciting the radium glow. On this surmise it would be reasonable to expect some little extension of the glow outside the limit of the solid radium itself. We are unable to detect any halo of luminosity outside the limit of the solid radium bromide; the glow appears to end with sudden abruptness at the boundary surface of the radium.” We omitted to state that this conclusion was arrived at by eye observations. The radium was observed in the dark with a lens, and with a low-power microscope. The earlier photographs of the spectrum of the glow were taken, for the purpose of comparison spectra, with the height of the slit reduced by shutters so as to be within the width of the exposed radium bromide, and, therefore, these photographs would not show whether the bright bands of nitrogen extend into the air beyond the radium. Subsequently photographs were taken with the whole height of the slit, and on these we find that all the bands of nitrogen do extend to some little distance outside the radium salt. Our attention at the time being directed to other phenomena of the glow, we did not examine the photographs to see if the nitrogen bands extended beyond the radium.","PeriodicalId":54559,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A-Containing Papers of Amathematical and Physical Character","volume":"77 1","pages":"130 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1906-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/RSPA.1906.0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62072779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Memorial Notices of the Fellows and Foreign Members who have been taken from us by death during the past year will appear in due course in the Obituary Notices. Of some of them only, on this occasion, will time permit me to give expression on your behalf, to a few words of appreciation of their work, and of deep sorrow at their loss. Not among the Fellows only, or alone in this country, but throughout the scientific world, the news of the unexpected death of our Fellow, and recent Vice-President, Dr. William Thomas Blanford, was received with deep regret and sorrow. Not only had a distinguished worker in science fallen out, there was lost to us a gentle, kindly friend, who had gained the affectionate regard of all those who had the privilege of having been personally acquainted with him. Only a few weeks before his death, he had been asked by the Council to write an Obituary Notice of our late Fellow, Mr. Medlicott, his old friend and colleague, and collaborator with him in the classic work, ‘The Manual of the Geology of India,' published in 1879. Before the printer’s proofs reached him, Dr. Blanford himself had passed from the ranks of the living. Dr. Blanford was distinguished as a zoologist as well as a geologist. From the time of his appointment to the Geological Survey of India in 1855, on the completion of a very successful course of study at the Royal School of Mines, and at the Mining Academy at Freiberg, to his retirement in 1882, by the publication of a series of works, and by untiring original observations, he greatly enriched our knowledge of the geology and zoology of that country. Besides his published works on the geology and fauna of India, he has contributed important papers and addresses, which are distinguished by great scientific insight and a, masterly grasp of the subjects to which he had devoted his life. His high and kindly qualities were fully recognised. He received the distinction of the Companionship of the Order of the Indian Empire, and was awarded medals by the Royal Society and the Geological Society. He was elected into our Society in 1874, and was for many years Treasurer of the Geological Society.
{"title":"Address delivered by the President, Sir William Huggins, K. C. B., O. M., F. R. S., at the anniversary meeting on November 30, 1905","authors":"PresidenSir William Huggins, W. Huggins","doi":"10.1098/rspa.1906.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1906.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Memorial Notices of the Fellows and Foreign Members who have been taken from us by death during the past year will appear in due course in the Obituary Notices. Of some of them only, on this occasion, will time permit me to give expression on your behalf, to a few words of appreciation of their work, and of deep sorrow at their loss. Not among the Fellows only, or alone in this country, but throughout the scientific world, the news of the unexpected death of our Fellow, and recent Vice-President, Dr. William Thomas Blanford, was received with deep regret and sorrow. Not only had a distinguished worker in science fallen out, there was lost to us a gentle, kindly friend, who had gained the affectionate regard of all those who had the privilege of having been personally acquainted with him. Only a few weeks before his death, he had been asked by the Council to write an Obituary Notice of our late Fellow, Mr. Medlicott, his old friend and colleague, and collaborator with him in the classic work, ‘The Manual of the Geology of India,' published in 1879. Before the printer’s proofs reached him, Dr. Blanford himself had passed from the ranks of the living. Dr. Blanford was distinguished as a zoologist as well as a geologist. From the time of his appointment to the Geological Survey of India in 1855, on the completion of a very successful course of study at the Royal School of Mines, and at the Mining Academy at Freiberg, to his retirement in 1882, by the publication of a series of works, and by untiring original observations, he greatly enriched our knowledge of the geology and zoology of that country. Besides his published works on the geology and fauna of India, he has contributed important papers and addresses, which are distinguished by great scientific insight and a, masterly grasp of the subjects to which he had devoted his life. His high and kindly qualities were fully recognised. He received the distinction of the Companionship of the Order of the Indian Empire, and was awarded medals by the Royal Society and the Geological Society. He was elected into our Society in 1874, and was for many years Treasurer of the Geological Society.","PeriodicalId":54559,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A-Containing Papers of Amathematical and Physical Character","volume":"77 1","pages":"100 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/rspa.1906.0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62072127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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