Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2265571
Tanya Scott, Les G Underhill, George D Underhill
AbstractA new moult index, the relative duration index (RDI), was developed to quantify progress through moult using the Underhill–Zucchini model of primary avian moult, with the Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis as a case study. The RDI weights individual primaries in accordance with their estimated relative moult durations in the same way that proportion feather mass grown (PFMG) weights primaries in accordance with their relative masses. A sample of 1 893 moult records of adult Laughing Doves was used to study their primary moult. Moult parameters were estimated for three moult indices: the traditional moult score (TMS), PFMG and the RDI, and for each of the 10 primaries. Comparing the moult parameter estimates of each of the three indices to their respective cumulative growth curves obtained from the progression of moult of individual primaries, PFMG had the closest fit. However, any of the three moult indices would give satisfactory results for the Laughing Dove. Laughing Doves had an estimated primary moult duration of 215 days, with mean start and end dates of 3 November and 6 June, respectively. The standard deviation parameter was 66 days, which implies a lack of synchronisation of moult in adult doves. It was hypothesised that the RDI might be an appropriate moult index for species that moult one feather at a time and for which the individual moult durations are not proportional to their mass, as seen in Laughing Doves. However, this was not the case as PFMG provided the best fit. The RDI might also prove to be an appropriate moult index for species that moult multiple feathers simultaneously during part of the moult period and these feathers grow more slowly than when fewer feathers are moulting simultaneously.Mue primaire des Tourterelles maillées Spilopelia senegalensis adultes: introduction de l’indice de durée relative et comparaison des indices de mueUn nouvel indice de mue, le ‘relative duration index’ (RDI: indice de durée relative), permettant de quantifier la progression de la mue à l’aide du modèle de mue Underhill–Zucchini a été développé en utilisant la tourterelle maillée Spilopelia senegalensis comme modèle. RDI pondère les primaires individuelles en fonction de leur durée de mue relative estimée, de la même manière que l’indice ‘proportion feather mass grown’ (PFMG: proportion de masse de la plume en croissance) pondère les primaires en fonction de leur masse relative. Un échantillon de 1 893 enregistrements de mue de tourterelles maillées adultes a été utilisé pour étudier leur mue primaire. Les paramètres de la mue ont été estimés avec trois indices de mue: ‘traditional moult score’ (TMS: classification traditionnelle de la mue), PFMG et RDI, pour chacune des 10 plumes primaires. En comparant les estimations des paramètres de mue de chacun des trois indices à leurs courbes de croissance cumulées respectives, obtenues à partir de la progression de la mue des primaires individuelles, le PFMG a retourné l’ajustement l
摘要以塞内加尔笑鸽(Spilopelia senegalensis)为例，利用Underhill-Zucchini模型，建立了一种新的换羽指数——相对持续时间指数(relative duration index, RDI)来量化换羽过程。RDI根据估计的相对换羽持续时间对单个原产鸡进行加权，与PFMG根据其相对质量对原产鸡进行加权的方法相同。本文利用1 893份成年笑鸽的换羽记录，对其初生换羽进行了研究。对传统换羽评分(TMS)、PFMG和RDI以及10次初级换羽中每一次的换羽参数进行估算。将3个指标的换羽参数估计值与原代个体的累积生长曲线进行比较，发现PFMG的拟合最接近。然而，三种换羽指数中的任何一种都能给出令人满意的结果。笑鸽的初换毛期估计为215天，平均开始和结束日期分别为11月3日和6月6日。标准偏差参数为66天，这意味着成鸽蜕皮缺乏同步性。据推测，RDI可能是一个合适的换羽指数，对于那些一次换一根羽毛，并且单个换羽持续时间与它们的质量不成比例的物种，就像在笑鸽中看到的那样。然而，情况并非如此，因为PFMG提供了最佳的匹配。RDI也可能被证明是一个合适的换羽指数，对于那些在换羽期同时换多根羽毛的物种，这些羽毛的生长速度比同时换羽的羽毛少的物种要慢。摘要:主要研究了成年塞内加尔血吸虫:介绍了疟原虫相对指数和疟原虫相对指数，比较了疟原虫相对指数和相对持续时间指数(RDI: index de duracei relative)，渗透量词la progression de la Mue Mue l ' aide du mod de Mue underill - zucchini和成年塞内加尔血吸虫相对持续时间指数。RDI pondires les primares individuelles en functional de leur dure de mue relative estimestime, de la même maniires que l ' index ' proportion of feather mass grown ' (PFMG: proportion de mass de la plume en croissance) pondires les primares en functional de leur mass relative。联合国样本de 893 enregistrements de mue de tourterelles针织品成人疾病利用倒mue primaire学习他们。Les paramtres de la mue ont samuest估计了samuest的三个指数:“传统换毛评分”(TMS: classification tradinelle de la mue)， PFMG和RDI，将chacune分为10羽。三个指标的比较估计值分别为:三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值。在此基础上，对三个指标进行了进一步的研究，确定了三个指标的准确性和准确性。从11月3日到6月6日，从11月3日到6月6日，从11月3日到15日，从15日到15日。我是66个小时后才开始学习的，这是一种简单的同步学习方式。在一种假定的情况下，将RDI devrae的指数与适当的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与适当的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与适当的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起。在此之前，所有的数据都表明，所有的数据都是基于数据的。Le RDI pourrait ' s avacimere être不确定是否为更合适的，pourrait ' s quent ent plusiers - plume - simultanement pendent one party de la paccrive ' s quemous - plume - prosement + lentement que lorsque moins de plume - simultaneims。关键词:鸽子;比例;羽量
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Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2255749
Tanya Scott, Les G Underhill, George D Underhill
AbstractA new moult index, the relative duration index (RDI), was developed to quantify progress through moult using the Underhill–Zucchini model of primary avian moult, with the Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis as a case study. The RDI weights individual primaries in accordance with their estimated relative moult durations in the same way that proportion feather mass grown (PFMG) weights primaries in accordance with their relative masses. A sample of 1 893 moult records of adult Laughing Doves was used to study their primary moult. Moult parameters were estimated for three moult indices: the traditional moult score (TMS), PFMG and the RDI, and for each of the 10 primaries. Comparing the moult parameter estimates of each of the three indices to their respective cumulative growth curves obtained from the progression of moult of individual primaries, PFMG had the closest fit. However, any of the three moult indices would give satisfactory results for the Laughing Dove. Laughing Doves had an estimated primary moult duration of 215 days, with mean start and end dates of 3 November and 6 June, respectively. The standard deviation parameter was 66 days, which implies a lack of synchronisation of moult in adult doves. It was hypothesised that the RDI might be an appropriate moult index for species that moult one feather at a time and for which the individual moult durations are not proportional to their mass, as seen in Laughing Doves. However, this was not the case as PFMG provided the best fit. The RDI might also prove to be an appropriate moult index for species that moult multiple feathers simultaneously during part of the moult period and these feathers grow more slowly than when fewer feathers are moulting simultaneously.Mue primaire des Tourterelles maillées Spilopelia senegalensis adultes: introduction de l’indice de durée relative et comparaison des indices de mueUn nouvel indice de mue, le ‘relative duration index’ (RDI: indice de durée relative), permettant de quantifier la progression de la mue à l’aide du modèle de mue Underhill–Zucchini a été développé en utilisant la tourterelle maillée Spilopelia senegalensis comme modèle. RDI pondère les primaires individuelles en fonction de leur durée de mue relative estimée, de la même manière que l’indice ‘proportion feather mass grown’ (PFMG: proportion de masse de la plume en croissance) pondère les primaires en fonction de leur masse relative. Un échantillon de 1 893 enregistrements de mue de tourterelles maillées adultes a été utilisé pour étudier leur mue primaire. Les paramètres de la mue ont été estimés avec trois indices de mue: ‘traditional moult score’ (TMS: classification traditionnelle de la mue), PFMG et RDI, pour chacune des 10 plumes primaires. En comparant les estimations des paramètres de mue de chacun des trois indices à leurs courbes de croissance cumulées respectives, obtenues à partir de la progression de la mue des primaires individuelles, le PFMG a retourné l’ajustement l
摘要以塞内加尔笑鸽(Spilopelia senegalensis)为例，利用Underhill-Zucchini模型，建立了一种新的换羽指数——相对持续时间指数(relative duration index, RDI)来量化换羽过程。RDI根据估计的相对换羽持续时间对单个原产鸡进行加权，与PFMG根据其相对质量对原产鸡进行加权的方法相同。本文利用1 893份成年笑鸽的换羽记录，对其初生换羽进行了研究。对传统换羽评分(TMS)、PFMG和RDI以及10次初级换羽中每一次的换羽参数进行估算。将3个指标的换羽参数估计值与原代个体的累积生长曲线进行比较，发现PFMG的拟合最接近。然而，三种换羽指数中的任何一种都能给出令人满意的结果。笑鸽的初换毛期估计为215天，平均开始和结束日期分别为11月3日和6月6日。标准偏差参数为66天，这意味着成鸽蜕皮缺乏同步性。据推测，RDI可能是一个合适的换羽指数，对于那些一次换一根羽毛，并且单个换羽持续时间与它们的质量不成比例的物种，就像在笑鸽中看到的那样。然而，情况并非如此，因为PFMG提供了最佳的匹配。RDI也可能被证明是一个合适的换羽指数，对于那些在换羽期同时换多根羽毛的物种，这些羽毛的生长速度比同时换羽的羽毛少的物种要慢。摘要:主要研究了成年塞内加尔血吸虫:介绍了疟原虫相对指数和疟原虫相对指数，比较了疟原虫相对指数和相对持续时间指数(RDI: index de duracei relative)，渗透量词la progression de la Mue Mue l ' aide du mod de Mue underill - zucchini和成年塞内加尔血吸虫相对持续时间指数。RDI pondires les primares individuelles en functional de leur dure de mue relative estimestime, de la même maniires que l ' index ' proportion of feather mass grown ' (PFMG: proportion de mass de la plume en croissance) pondires les primares en functional de leur mass relative。联合国样本de 893 enregistrements de mue de tourterelles针织品成人疾病利用倒mue primaire学习他们。Les paramtres de la mue ont samuest估计了samuest的三个指数:“传统换毛评分”(TMS: classification tradinelle de la mue)， PFMG和RDI，将chacune分为10羽。三个指标的比较估计值分别为:三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值、三个指标的比较估计值。在此基础上，对三个指标进行了进一步的研究，确定了三个指标的准确性和准确性。从11月3日到6月6日，从11月3日到6月6日，从11月3日到15日，从15日到15日。我是66个小时后才开始学习的，这是一种简单的同步学习方式。在一种假定的情况下，将RDI devrae的指数与适当的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与适当的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与适当的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起，将RDI devrae的指数与个人的指数结合在一起。在此之前，所有的数据都表明，所有的数据都是基于数据的。Le RDI pourrait ' s avacimere être不确定是否为更合适的，pourrait ' s quent ent plusiers - plume - simultanement pendent one party de la paccrive ' s quemous - plume - prosement + lentement que lorsque moins de plume - simultaneims。关键词:鸽子;比例;羽量
{"title":"Primary moult of adult Laughing Doves <i>Spilopelia senegalensis</i> : introduction of the relative duration index and a comparison of moult indices","authors":"Tanya Scott, Les G Underhill, George D Underhill","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2255749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2255749","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractA new moult index, the relative duration index (RDI), was developed to quantify progress through moult using the Underhill–Zucchini model of primary avian moult, with the Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis as a case study. The RDI weights individual primaries in accordance with their estimated relative moult durations in the same way that proportion feather mass grown (PFMG) weights primaries in accordance with their relative masses. A sample of 1 893 moult records of adult Laughing Doves was used to study their primary moult. Moult parameters were estimated for three moult indices: the traditional moult score (TMS), PFMG and the RDI, and for each of the 10 primaries. Comparing the moult parameter estimates of each of the three indices to their respective cumulative growth curves obtained from the progression of moult of individual primaries, PFMG had the closest fit. However, any of the three moult indices would give satisfactory results for the Laughing Dove. Laughing Doves had an estimated primary moult duration of 215 days, with mean start and end dates of 3 November and 6 June, respectively. The standard deviation parameter was 66 days, which implies a lack of synchronisation of moult in adult doves. It was hypothesised that the RDI might be an appropriate moult index for species that moult one feather at a time and for which the individual moult durations are not proportional to their mass, as seen in Laughing Doves. However, this was not the case as PFMG provided the best fit. The RDI might also prove to be an appropriate moult index for species that moult multiple feathers simultaneously during part of the moult period and these feathers grow more slowly than when fewer feathers are moulting simultaneously.Mue primaire des Tourterelles maillées Spilopelia senegalensis adultes: introduction de l’indice de durée relative et comparaison des indices de mueUn nouvel indice de mue, le ‘relative duration index’ (RDI: indice de durée relative), permettant de quantifier la progression de la mue à l’aide du modèle de mue Underhill–Zucchini a été développé en utilisant la tourterelle maillée Spilopelia senegalensis comme modèle. RDI pondère les primaires individuelles en fonction de leur durée de mue relative estimée, de la même manière que l’indice ‘proportion feather mass grown’ (PFMG: proportion de masse de la plume en croissance) pondère les primaires en fonction de leur masse relative. Un échantillon de 1 893 enregistrements de mue de tourterelles maillées adultes a été utilisé pour étudier leur mue primaire. Les paramètres de la mue ont été estimés avec trois indices de mue: ‘traditional moult score’ (TMS: classification traditionnelle de la mue), PFMG et RDI, pour chacune des 10 plumes primaires. En comparant les estimations des paramètres de mue de chacun des trois indices à leurs courbes de croissance cumulées respectives, obtenues à partir de la progression de la mue des primaires individuelles, le PFMG a retourné l’ajustement l","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136077869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2250077
Naza Emanuel Mmbaga, Richard John Mongi, Mhuji Bukheti Kilonzo, Leonard Kamanga Katalambula
AbstractThe mass capture and utilisation of Red-billed Queleas Quelea quelea as a source of food is practiced in different African countries. The current study sought information on the trapping methods and techniques used by local communities in Chemba District, Tanzania, taking into account the respondents’ age, gender and occupation. It also captured the economic contributions and challenges associated with trapping queleas across the three study villages. Semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and direct observations were used. Male respondents and adult farmers were found to participate most in quelea trapping. Queleas were used both as a source of food and income. Both a modern method (i.e. mist-netting) and traditional local trapping methods (e.g. grass basket traps and sticky tree resin) were reported to be used, but the combination of the modern and local methods was the most effective. Reported challenges included poor trapping techniques, scarcity of markets, and chemical spraying as a quelea control measure. Based on the results, we recommend detailed research on improving mass-trapping techniques and developing a marketing strategy to promote sales of the captured birds. As a long-term measure, these will contribute to improve both the livelihoods of local people and the ecological health of the communities.Implication des communautés dans la capture massive du travailleur à bec rouge Quelea quelea à proximité de zones protégées: le cas du district de Chemba, Dodoma, TanzanieLa capture massive et l’utilisation du Travailleur à bec rouge Quelea quelea comme source de nourriture sont pratiquées dans différents pays africains. La présente étude a cherché à obtenir des informations sur les méthodes et techniques de capture utilisées par les communautés locales du district de Chemba, en Tanzanie, en tenant compte de l’âge, du gendre et de la profession des personnes interrogées. Elle s’est également intéressée aux contributions économiques et aux défis associés au piégeage des Quelea quelea dans les villages étudiés. Des questionnaires semi-structurés, des discussions de groupe ciblées et des observations directes ont été utilisés. Les personnes interrogées de genre masculin et les agriculteurs adultes excellent dans le piégeage de l’éspèce. Les Travailleurs à bec rouge sont utilisés comme source de nourriture et de revenus. Différentes méthodes de piégeage ont été utilisées, mais c’est la combinaison de plusieurs méthodes qui est la plus efficace. Parmi les difficultés signalées, citons des mauvaises techniques de piégeage, la rareté des marchés où écouler les oiseaux capturés et la pulvérisation de produits chimiques comme mesure de contrôle de l’espèce. L’étude recommande une recherche détaillée sur l’amélioration des techniques de piégeage et le développement de stratégies de marketing pour promouvoir la vente commerciale de ces oiseaux. Ces mesures à long terme contribueront à améliorer les moyens de subsistance des
{"title":"Community involvement in the mass capture of Red-billed Queleas <i>Quelea quelea</i> adjacent to protected areas: the case of Chemba District, Dodoma, Tanzania","authors":"Naza Emanuel Mmbaga, Richard John Mongi, Mhuji Bukheti Kilonzo, Leonard Kamanga Katalambula","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2250077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2250077","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe mass capture and utilisation of Red-billed Queleas Quelea quelea as a source of food is practiced in different African countries. The current study sought information on the trapping methods and techniques used by local communities in Chemba District, Tanzania, taking into account the respondents’ age, gender and occupation. It also captured the economic contributions and challenges associated with trapping queleas across the three study villages. Semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and direct observations were used. Male respondents and adult farmers were found to participate most in quelea trapping. Queleas were used both as a source of food and income. Both a modern method (i.e. mist-netting) and traditional local trapping methods (e.g. grass basket traps and sticky tree resin) were reported to be used, but the combination of the modern and local methods was the most effective. Reported challenges included poor trapping techniques, scarcity of markets, and chemical spraying as a quelea control measure. Based on the results, we recommend detailed research on improving mass-trapping techniques and developing a marketing strategy to promote sales of the captured birds. As a long-term measure, these will contribute to improve both the livelihoods of local people and the ecological health of the communities.Implication des communautés dans la capture massive du travailleur à bec rouge Quelea quelea à proximité de zones protégées: le cas du district de Chemba, Dodoma, TanzanieLa capture massive et l’utilisation du Travailleur à bec rouge Quelea quelea comme source de nourriture sont pratiquées dans différents pays africains. La présente étude a cherché à obtenir des informations sur les méthodes et techniques de capture utilisées par les communautés locales du district de Chemba, en Tanzanie, en tenant compte de l’âge, du gendre et de la profession des personnes interrogées. Elle s’est également intéressée aux contributions économiques et aux défis associés au piégeage des Quelea quelea dans les villages étudiés. Des questionnaires semi-structurés, des discussions de groupe ciblées et des observations directes ont été utilisés. Les personnes interrogées de genre masculin et les agriculteurs adultes excellent dans le piégeage de l’éspèce. Les Travailleurs à bec rouge sont utilisés comme source de nourriture et de revenus. Différentes méthodes de piégeage ont été utilisées, mais c’est la combinaison de plusieurs méthodes qui est la plus efficace. Parmi les difficultés signalées, citons des mauvaises techniques de piégeage, la rareté des marchés où écouler les oiseaux capturés et la pulvérisation de produits chimiques comme mesure de contrôle de l’espèce. L’étude recommande une recherche détaillée sur l’amélioration des techniques de piégeage et le développement de stratégies de marketing pour promouvoir la vente commerciale de ces oiseaux. Ces mesures à long terme contribueront à améliorer les moyens de subsistance des ","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-02DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2234646
H. Oschadleus, S. Andersson
{"title":"Plumage dimorphism and moult patterns of weaverbirds – a review","authors":"H. Oschadleus, S. Andersson","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2234646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2234646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47615186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2255385
Charles W Helm, Martin G Lockley, Andrew S Carr, Hayley C Cawthra, Jan C De Vynck, Mark G Dixon, Pieter-Jan Gräbe, Renée Rust
AbstractTwelve new avian ichnosites have been identified on South Africa’s Cape south coast, adding to the 29 sites previously identified. More than half of these 41 avian ichnosites are found along a 9-km stretch of coastline east of Still Bay. The new sites provide the first southern African trace fossil records of the dove, stork and heron families, as well as a possible ostrich trackway and evidence of probable ostrich eggshell fragments. They buttress the previous inference of large avian chronospecies during the Pleistocene. The preponderance of large- and mediumsized tracks can be attributed to a bias whereby fossil tracks of larger, heavier birds are easier to recognise and interpret. Four of the longest fossil avian trackways ever to be identified occur within a 350-m stretch of coastline in the Driefontein area, east of Still Bay. The new findings provide an enhanced picture of the Pleistocene avifauna of the region. Many of the new sites are fragile and have limited prospects to endure, emphasising the need to document them through photogrammetry, and to regularly explore the coastline in high-yield areas in search of further sites.Nouveaux ichnosites d’oiseaux du Pléistocène sur la côte sud du Cap en Afrique du SudDouze nouveaux ichnosites d’oiseaux ont été identifiés sur la côte sud du Cap en Afrique du Sud, s’ajoutant aux 29 sites déjà identifiés. Plus de la moitié de ces 41 ichnosites se trouvent le long d’une bande côtière de 9 kilomètres à l’est de Still Bay. Les nouveaux sites fournissent les premières traces fossiles pour l’Afrique australe des familles de pigeons, cigognes et hérons, ainsi qu’une possible empreinte d’autruche et des indices probables de fragments de coquilles d’oeufs d’autruche. Ces évidences supportent l’hypothèse précédente de la présence de chrono-espèces d’oiseaux de grande taille au cours du Pléistocène. La prépondérance des traces de grande et moyenne taille peut être attribuée à un biais selon lequel les empreintes fossiles d’oiseaux plus grands et plus lourds sont plus faciles à reconnaître et à interpréter. Quatre des plus longues pistes d’oiseaux fossiles jamais identifiées se trouvent sur une bande côtière de 350-m dans la région de Driefontein, à l’est de Still Bay. Les nouvelles découvertes offrent une image plus complète de l’avifaune du Pléistocène de la région. Beaucoup des sites sont fragiles et ont des perspectives de survie limitées, ce qui souligne la nécessité de les documenter par photogrammétrie et de chercher régulièrement d’autres sites dans les zones à haut rendement du littoral.Keywords: aeolianitesavian trackschronospeciesichnologyostrich eggshellsphotogrammetry
摘要在南非南开普海岸发现了12个新的鸟类种群，增加了先前发现的29个。在这41个鸟类鱼群中，有一半以上分布在斯蒂尔湾以东9公里长的海岸线上。这些新遗址提供了非洲南部第一批鸽子、鹳和苍鹭家族的化石记录，以及可能的鸵鸟足迹和可能的鸵鸟蛋壳碎片的证据。它们支持了先前关于更新世时期大型鸟类时间物种的推断。大型和中型脚印的优势可以归因于一种偏见，即更大、更重的鸟类的化石足迹更容易识别和解释。迄今为止发现的四个最长的鸟类足迹化石出现在斯蒂尔湾以东的德利方丹地区350米长的海岸线上。新的发现增强了对该地区更新世鸟类的了解。许多新发现的地点都很脆弱，生存前景有限，因此需要通过摄影测量来记录它们，并定期探索高产量地区的海岸线，以寻找更多的地点。杜新ichnosites d 'oiseaux更新世苏尔la cote sud du帽en Afrique du SudDouze新ichnosites d 'oiseaux永久标识在那儿cote sud du帽Afrique du sud,年代'ajoutant辅助记忆识别29日网站。加上de la一半ces 41 ichnosites se trouvent le长一个邦德cotiere de l是仍然湾9公里。新发现的化石在非洲南部发现了鸽子家族的化石，烟头和黑莓的化石，在非洲南部发现了可能的化石，在非洲发现了可能的化石，在非洲发现了可能的化石，在非洲发现了可能的化石碎片。这些证据支持l ' hypothise pracetine de la pracetence de chrono- espence d 'oiseaux de grande taille au courcourde placetocine。La pracemoundsamrance des traces de grande et moyenne taille peut être归因samrame 和biais selon lequel les empreintes化石+ grands et + lods sont +设施/ rereatreet / interpracemaster。四分之一的研究人员发现，在牙买加的化石化石中，有350米的材料材料和350米的材料材料和350米的材料材料。Les nouvelles danci.com/和complente de l ' avfaune du placimistoc de la ranci.com/。这些网站都是脆弱的，这些网站的生存前景有限，这些网站的生存前景有限，这些网站的生存前景有限，这些网站的生存前景有限，这些网站的生存前景有限，这些网站的生存前景有限。关键词:风成岩;鸟类轨迹;时间
{"title":"New Pleistocene avian ichnosites on South Africa’s Cape south coast","authors":"Charles W Helm, Martin G Lockley, Andrew S Carr, Hayley C Cawthra, Jan C De Vynck, Mark G Dixon, Pieter-Jan Gräbe, Renée Rust","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2255385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2255385","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractTwelve new avian ichnosites have been identified on South Africa’s Cape south coast, adding to the 29 sites previously identified. More than half of these 41 avian ichnosites are found along a 9-km stretch of coastline east of Still Bay. The new sites provide the first southern African trace fossil records of the dove, stork and heron families, as well as a possible ostrich trackway and evidence of probable ostrich eggshell fragments. They buttress the previous inference of large avian chronospecies during the Pleistocene. The preponderance of large- and mediumsized tracks can be attributed to a bias whereby fossil tracks of larger, heavier birds are easier to recognise and interpret. Four of the longest fossil avian trackways ever to be identified occur within a 350-m stretch of coastline in the Driefontein area, east of Still Bay. The new findings provide an enhanced picture of the Pleistocene avifauna of the region. Many of the new sites are fragile and have limited prospects to endure, emphasising the need to document them through photogrammetry, and to regularly explore the coastline in high-yield areas in search of further sites.Nouveaux ichnosites d’oiseaux du Pléistocène sur la côte sud du Cap en Afrique du SudDouze nouveaux ichnosites d’oiseaux ont été identifiés sur la côte sud du Cap en Afrique du Sud, s’ajoutant aux 29 sites déjà identifiés. Plus de la moitié de ces 41 ichnosites se trouvent le long d’une bande côtière de 9 kilomètres à l’est de Still Bay. Les nouveaux sites fournissent les premières traces fossiles pour l’Afrique australe des familles de pigeons, cigognes et hérons, ainsi qu’une possible empreinte d’autruche et des indices probables de fragments de coquilles d’oeufs d’autruche. Ces évidences supportent l’hypothèse précédente de la présence de chrono-espèces d’oiseaux de grande taille au cours du Pléistocène. La prépondérance des traces de grande et moyenne taille peut être attribuée à un biais selon lequel les empreintes fossiles d’oiseaux plus grands et plus lourds sont plus faciles à reconnaître et à interpréter. Quatre des plus longues pistes d’oiseaux fossiles jamais identifiées se trouvent sur une bande côtière de 350-m dans la région de Driefontein, à l’est de Still Bay. Les nouvelles découvertes offrent une image plus complète de l’avifaune du Pléistocène de la région. Beaucoup des sites sont fragiles et ont des perspectives de survie limitées, ce qui souligne la nécessité de les documenter par photogrammétrie et de chercher régulièrement d’autres sites dans les zones à haut rendement du littoral.Keywords: aeolianitesavian trackschronospeciesichnologyostrich eggshellsphotogrammetry","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2221395
B. Meyburg, Daniel Holte
Recent analyses of telemetry data on Ospreys Pandion haliaetus predominantly address migratory movements, whereas studies focusing on spatial use are rare, especially concerning the African non-breeding areas. We analysed GPS telemetry data of 15 adult Ospreys breeding in northeast Germany, assigned to 37 non-breeding events at non-breeding sites in Africa and south-western Europe. We calculated seasonal home ranges and investigated daily movements as well as overnight roosts. The females arrived in Africa about one month before the males. The home ranges of males correlated with those reported for their respective breeding seasons and were similar in size to those of the females. Half of the non-breeding sites were established on rivers, 36% on the coast and 14% on lakes, with no difference between sexes. Ospreys tracked for more than one year always returned to the same non-breeding sites. Daily home-range sizes varied during the non-breeding period, with the largest home ranges found in January, in parallel with the dry season. The average number of nights per overnight roost was lowest for river habitats and was related to the overall home-range size of the individuals. We highlight the importance of non-breeding sites for the survival of populations and suggest further studies to detect and mitigate threats to migratory bird species.
{"title":"Spatial use of non-breeding sites by adult GPS-tracked Ospreys Pandion haliaetus from Germany","authors":"B. Meyburg, Daniel Holte","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2221395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2221395","url":null,"abstract":"Recent analyses of telemetry data on Ospreys Pandion haliaetus predominantly address migratory movements, whereas studies focusing on spatial use are rare, especially concerning the African non-breeding areas. We analysed GPS telemetry data of 15 adult Ospreys breeding in northeast Germany, assigned to 37 non-breeding events at non-breeding sites in Africa and south-western Europe. We calculated seasonal home ranges and investigated daily movements as well as overnight roosts. The females arrived in Africa about one month before the males. The home ranges of males correlated with those reported for their respective breeding seasons and were similar in size to those of the females. Half of the non-breeding sites were established on rivers, 36% on the coast and 14% on lakes, with no difference between sexes. Ospreys tracked for more than one year always returned to the same non-breeding sites. Daily home-range sizes varied during the non-breeding period, with the largest home ranges found in January, in parallel with the dry season. The average number of nights per overnight roost was lowest for river habitats and was related to the overall home-range size of the individuals. We highlight the importance of non-breeding sites for the survival of populations and suggest further studies to detect and mitigate threats to migratory bird species.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44645538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2248395
Kathan Bandyopadhyay, Bogdan Cristescu, Jeffrey L Beck, John L Koprowski, Laurie Marker
Many grassland habitats have disappeared or undergone substantial change worldwide and many obligatory grassland animal species have populations that are at risk of extinction. The Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori is the largest flying bird native to Africa and an open savanna specialist, but no research on the population ecology of the Kori Bustard in Namibia has been published in the last 30 years. Using distance sampling from driven transects, we estimated 0.34 ± 0.1 birds km−2 in the 2021–2022 calendar year, which projects a population of <200 (∼196) Kori Bustards for the 576 km2 study area. We found no significant variation in density estimates among seasons from 2016 to 2021. A nationwide status survey and investigation of potential limiting factors, including analysis of survival rates and connectivity between populations, will be important undertakings to better inform conservation strategies for this imperilled species in Namibia and in other range countries with data deficiency.
摘要在世界范围内，许多草原生境已经消失或发生了重大变化，许多草原特有动物种群面临灭绝的危险。Kori Bustard Ardeotis Kori是非洲本土最大的飞禽，也是开放稀树草原的专家，但在过去的30年里，没有关于纳米比亚Kori Bustard种群生态学的研究发表。利用驱动样带的距离采样，我们估计在2021-2022日历年有0.34±0.1只鸟km - 2，这意味着在576 km2的研究区域内，Kori鸨的种群数量<200(~ 196)只。我们发现，从2016年到2021年，不同季节的密度估计值没有显著变化。在纳米比亚和其他缺乏数据的国家，开展全国范围内的现状调查和潜在限制因素的调查，包括存活率和种群之间的连通性分析，将是更好地为这一濒危物种的保护战略提供信息的重要工作。Statut et densiteise de i 'outarde kori Ardeotis kori, espce menacacei, dans and savane arboracei, ungrande partie des habitats de prairie du monde entier, desdesdessubements, desdeschanges substantiels, desquede nombreuses esp，动物适应sames aux prairies和种群menacei灭绝。我想我是说，我是说我是非洲人，我是说我是非洲人，我是说我是非洲人。在纳米比亚，关于人口和人口的 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -人口基数<200(~ 196)，人口基数<200(~ 196)，人口基数<200(~ 196)，人口基数<200(~ 196)，人口基数<200(~ 196)，人口基数> 576 km2。Nous n 'avons pas trouvous de variation significance dans(2016-2021年)。1 . enquête全国范围内关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换潜力因素限制的分析，包括关于人口的生存和联系的分析、关于企业的重要信息的分析、关于电子数据交换和保护的分析、关于纳米比亚的电子数据交换和关于电子数据交换和危险的分析、关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换的研究、关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换的研究、关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换的研究、关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换的研究、关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换où关于电子数据交换和电子数据交换的研究。关键词:密度估计距离采样草原纳米比亚蜈蚣种群大小样带数据
{"title":"Status and density of the threatened Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori in a woodland savanna","authors":"Kathan Bandyopadhyay, Bogdan Cristescu, Jeffrey L Beck, John L Koprowski, Laurie Marker","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2248395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2248395","url":null,"abstract":"Many grassland habitats have disappeared or undergone substantial change worldwide and many obligatory grassland animal species have populations that are at risk of extinction. The Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori is the largest flying bird native to Africa and an open savanna specialist, but no research on the population ecology of the Kori Bustard in Namibia has been published in the last 30 years. Using distance sampling from driven transects, we estimated 0.34 ± 0.1 birds km−2 in the 2021–2022 calendar year, which projects a population of <200 (∼196) Kori Bustards for the 576 km2 study area. We found no significant variation in density estimates among seasons from 2016 to 2021. A nationwide status survey and investigation of potential limiting factors, including analysis of survival rates and connectivity between populations, will be important undertakings to better inform conservation strategies for this imperilled species in Namibia and in other range countries with data deficiency.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2247167
Mpumalanga Mnyekemfu, Peter J Barham, Barbara Barham, Lauren Waller, Katrin Ludynia, Gavin W Maneveldt
The Endangered African Penguin Spheniscus demersus is in serious decline, with the total population falling at a rate of ∼5% per annum. The need to carry out regular monitoring to collect demographic and phenological data to assist in the planning and implementation of conservation actions needs to be balanced against the disturbance that may be caused by such monitoring. Many African Penguins are now fitted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags that can be read remotely by ground readers at fixed locations in the colonies. In this study, we used data from these ground readers, combined with data collected during routine nest monitoring, to demonstrate that it should be possible to use data from the ground readers alone to monitor breeding success in the future. We found patterns of movements that varied during the various breeding stages. Adults took shifts of several days during incubation; during the brood period the adults alternated each day, with one remaining at the nest while the other went to sea. As the chicks grew large enough to be left alone, both parents usually foraged every day until the chicks fledged. In unsuccessful nests adults stopped attending the nest shortly after it had failed. If this work is taken forward it should be possible to greatly reduce the potential impact of regular nest monitoring.
摘要濒临灭绝的非洲企鹅(Spheniscus demersus)数量正以每年约5%的速度急剧减少。进行定期监测以收集人口统计和物候数据，以协助规划和实施保育行动的需要，必须与这种监测可能造成的干扰相平衡。现在，许多非洲企鹅身上都装有被动集成应答器(PIT)标签，这些标签可以被位于企鹅群固定位置的地面读取器远程读取。在这项研究中，我们使用了这些地面读取器的数据，并结合常规巢监测收集的数据，来证明将来可能只使用地面读取器的数据来监测繁殖成功。我们发现，在不同的繁殖阶段，它们的运动模式各不相同。在孵化期间，成虫轮流工作几天;在育雏期间，成鸟每天轮流，一只留在巢中，另一只出海。当雏鸟长大到可以独自生活时，父母双方通常每天都去觅食，直到雏鸟羽翼丰满。在失败的巢穴中，成年蚁在巢穴失败后不久就不再光顾。如果这项工作向前推进，应该有可能大大减少定期鸟巢监测的潜在影响。Étude在繁殖过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程中成功的预估过程在这一过程中，我们可以看到，在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在这一过程中，我们可以看到:在所有的通讯工具中，所有的通讯工具都是通过与其他的通讯工具连接起来的，例如:être与其他的通讯工具连接起来的通讯工具连接起来的通讯工具。Dans cette samade, nous avons utilisise les dondones de ces lecteurs au sol，合并sames aux donsamade，收集sames lors de la monitoring de routine des ids，将samis drail devraêtre possible d 'utiliser unique les dondonsames des lecteers au sol re surveiller le succes de la reproduction。Nous avons constatesque les运动在不同的过程中有不同的繁殖阶段。在成年后的几小时内，他们会发现自己的体重有所下降。Pendant la passride de couvaison，让成年人看到的是，laisrelainys chaque jour, launestant和laistrepartaen。Lorsque les possins not care in all taille suffisante pour être laissssams seulles, les双亲' entent ent ' ssamisement, les jours jusque ' conce que les possins ' enent。在美国，年轻人的基础设施，成年人的生活，以及他们的职业生涯，以及他们的职业生涯，以及他们的职业生涯。在研究过程中，将研究être可能的变质过程，考虑变质过程对监测和观察人员的影响潜力。关键词:繁殖阶段;繁殖成功;监测
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Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2251690
Francesca Romana Trezza, Ivan da Costa Nerantzoulis, Silvio Cianciullo, Hugo Mabilana, Célia Macamo, Fabio Attorre, Carlos Manuel Bento, Paolo Ramoni-Perazzi
AbstractThe biology of the Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri has been widely studied in many of its naturalized habitats around the world. However, its potential status and impacts may have gone unnoticed in regions with limited monitoring. In this report, we bring attention to recent sightings of the species in Mozambique and the possibility of its establishment in stable populations, particularly in the capital city of Maputo. Detection is crucial in terms of potential consequences and preventive measures to mitigate the impact of an invasive species.Sobre a presença do periquito-de-colar Psittacula krameri (Psittacidae) em MoçambiqueA biologia do periquito-de-colar Psittacula krameri tem sido amplamente estudada em muitos dos locais onde se naturalizou ao redor do mundo. No entanto, o estatuto das suas populações e potenciais impactos podem ter passado despercebidos em regiões onde a monitorização é limitada. Chamamos a atenção para as recentes observações desta espécie exótica em Moçambique e a possibilidade de estabelecer populações estáveis, especialmente na capital, Maputo. É crucial considerar as possíveis consequências e tomar medidas preventivas para mitigar o seu impacto.Sur la présence de la perruche à collier Psittacula krameri (Psittacidae) au MozambiqueLa biologie de la perruche à collier Psittacula krameri a été largement étudiée dans de nombreux endroits où elle s’est naturalisée à travers le monde. Cependant, son statut potentiel et ses impacts peuvent avoir passés inaperçus dans des régions où les efforts de surveillance sont limités. Ici, nous attirons l’attention sur les observations récentes de cette espèce exotique au Mozambique, et nous discutons la possibilité d’établir des populations stables, en particulier dans la capitale, Maputo. Il est crucial de considérer les conséquences potentielles et de prendre des mesures préventives pour atténuer leur impact.Keywords: alien speciesEast Africainvasive speciesparrotsPsittaciformes
{"title":"Presence of the alien Rose-ringed Parakeet <i>Psittacula krameri</i> (Psittacidae) in Mozambique","authors":"Francesca Romana Trezza, Ivan da Costa Nerantzoulis, Silvio Cianciullo, Hugo Mabilana, Célia Macamo, Fabio Attorre, Carlos Manuel Bento, Paolo Ramoni-Perazzi","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2251690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2251690","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe biology of the Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri has been widely studied in many of its naturalized habitats around the world. However, its potential status and impacts may have gone unnoticed in regions with limited monitoring. In this report, we bring attention to recent sightings of the species in Mozambique and the possibility of its establishment in stable populations, particularly in the capital city of Maputo. Detection is crucial in terms of potential consequences and preventive measures to mitigate the impact of an invasive species.Sobre a presença do periquito-de-colar Psittacula krameri (Psittacidae) em MoçambiqueA biologia do periquito-de-colar Psittacula krameri tem sido amplamente estudada em muitos dos locais onde se naturalizou ao redor do mundo. No entanto, o estatuto das suas populações e potenciais impactos podem ter passado despercebidos em regiões onde a monitorização é limitada. Chamamos a atenção para as recentes observações desta espécie exótica em Moçambique e a possibilidade de estabelecer populações estáveis, especialmente na capital, Maputo. É crucial considerar as possíveis consequências e tomar medidas preventivas para mitigar o seu impacto.Sur la présence de la perruche à collier Psittacula krameri (Psittacidae) au MozambiqueLa biologie de la perruche à collier Psittacula krameri a été largement étudiée dans de nombreux endroits où elle s’est naturalisée à travers le monde. Cependant, son statut potentiel et ses impacts peuvent avoir passés inaperçus dans des régions où les efforts de surveillance sont limités. Ici, nous attirons l’attention sur les observations récentes de cette espèce exotique au Mozambique, et nous discutons la possibilité d’établir des populations stables, en particulier dans la capitale, Maputo. Il est crucial de considérer les conséquences potentielles et de prendre des mesures préventives pour atténuer leur impact.Keywords: alien speciesEast Africainvasive speciesparrotsPsittaciformes","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2989/00306525.2023.2222230
Rae M Smith, D. Dalton, M. Mwale, L. Nupen, Chantelle Pretorius, J. Bojko, Kim Labuschagne, Isa-Rita M. Russo, S. T. Osinubi
The Diederik Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius is an African species widely distributed south of the Sahara, which migrates seasonally between breeding and nonbreeding sites. It is currently unknown whether the species consists of a single panmictic population or if it is genetically structured. To investigate this, we analysed sequence variation in three mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions in combination with morphological measurements in specimens from four localities. Phylogenetic relationships were estimated using maximum-likelihood methods and included samples of Klaas’s Cuckoo Chrysococcyx klaas, Red-chested Cuckoo Cuculus solitarius, and African Cuckoo Cuculus gularis. Haplotype networks and analysis of molecular variance were used to characterise the spatial distribution of genetic diversity. A principal component analysis was performed to investigate morphological variation among localities. Molecular analysis identified two divergent mitochondrial lineages, which were found to occur in sympatry in one South African locality (Limpopo Province). The magnitude of divergence between versus within these lineages was low (0.4–1%) yet significant (F ST: 0.84–0.88). Lack of apparent phylogeographic structure provides support for the absence of physical barriers to gene flow in this species. The divergent mitochondrial lineages did not differ in morphological measurements. The emergence and persistence of shallow mitochondrial divergence among sympatric lineages in the Diederik Cuckoo could be linked to maternal divergence in host selection of these brood parasites — a hypothesis requiring additional data to be tested.
{"title":"Assessment of genetic and morphological differentiation among populations of the Diederik Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius","authors":"Rae M Smith, D. Dalton, M. Mwale, L. Nupen, Chantelle Pretorius, J. Bojko, Kim Labuschagne, Isa-Rita M. Russo, S. T. Osinubi","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2023.2222230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2023.2222230","url":null,"abstract":"The Diederik Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius is an African species widely distributed south of the Sahara, which migrates seasonally between breeding and nonbreeding sites. It is currently unknown whether the species consists of a single panmictic population or if it is genetically structured. To investigate this, we analysed sequence variation in three mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions in combination with morphological measurements in specimens from four localities. Phylogenetic relationships were estimated using maximum-likelihood methods and included samples of Klaas’s Cuckoo Chrysococcyx klaas, Red-chested Cuckoo Cuculus solitarius, and African Cuckoo Cuculus gularis. Haplotype networks and analysis of molecular variance were used to characterise the spatial distribution of genetic diversity. A principal component analysis was performed to investigate morphological variation among localities. Molecular analysis identified two divergent mitochondrial lineages, which were found to occur in sympatry in one South African locality (Limpopo Province). The magnitude of divergence between versus within these lineages was low (0.4–1%) yet significant (F ST: 0.84–0.88). Lack of apparent phylogeographic structure provides support for the absence of physical barriers to gene flow in this species. The divergent mitochondrial lineages did not differ in morphological measurements. The emergence and persistence of shallow mitochondrial divergence among sympatric lineages in the Diederik Cuckoo could be linked to maternal divergence in host selection of these brood parasites — a hypothesis requiring additional data to be tested.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42884417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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