Journal of Heuristics最新文献

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Heuristic-based allocation of supply constrained blood platelets in emerging economies. 新兴经济体中供应受限血小板的启发式分配

IF 1.1 4区计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Journal of Heuristics

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10732-021-09474-0

Fredrik Ødegaard, Sudipendra Nath Roy

Platelets are valuable, but highly perishable, blood components used in the treatment of, among others, viral dengue fever, blood-related illness, and post-chemotherapy following cancer. Given the short shelf-life of 3-5 days and a highly volatile supply and demand pattern, platelet inventory allocation is a challenging task. This is especially prevalent in emerging economies where demand variability is more pronounced due to neglected tropical diseases, and a perpetual shortage of supply. The consequences of which have given rise to an illegal 'red market'. Motivated by experience at a regional hospital in India, we investigate the problem of platelet allocation among three priority-differentiated demand streams. Specifically we consider a central hospital which, in addition to internal emergency and non-emergency requests, faces external demand from local clinics. We analyze the platelet allocation decision from a social planner's perspective and propose an allocation heuristic based on revenue management (RM) principles. The objective is to maximize total social benefit in a highly supply-constrained environment. Using data from the aforementioned Indian hospital as a case study, we conduct a numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis to evaluate the allocation heuristic. The performance of the RM-based policy is evaluated against the current sequential first come, first serve policy and two fixed proportion-based rationing policies. It is shown that the RM-based policy overall dominates, serves patients with the highest medical urgency better, and can curtail patients' need to procure platelets from commercial sources.

血小板是一种有价值但极易腐烂的血液成分，用于治疗病毒性登革热、血液相关疾病和癌症后化疗。鉴于血小板的保质期只有3-5天，且供需模式极不稳定，血小板库存分配是一项具有挑战性的任务。这在新兴经济体尤其普遍，因为由于被忽视的热带病和长期供应短缺，需求变化更为明显。其后果是产生了非法的“红色市场”。在印度一家地区医院的经验激励下，我们调查了血小板在三个优先级差异化需求流中的分配问题。具体来说，我们考虑一家中心医院，除了内部急诊和非急诊请求外，还面临当地诊所的外部需求。本文从社会规划者的角度对血小板分配决策进行了分析，提出了一种基于收益管理原理的血小板分配启发式算法。目标是在高度供应受限的环境中使社会总效益最大化。以上述印度医院的数据为例，我们进行了数值模拟和敏感性分析，以评估分配启发式。根据当前顺序的先到先服务策略和两个基于固定比例的配给策略来评估基于rm的策略的性能。研究表明，以rm为基础的政策总体上占主导地位，更好地为医疗紧急程度最高的患者提供服务，并可以减少患者从商业来源获取血小板的需求。

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