{"title":"Electroencephalography-Guided Anesthesia and Delirium in Older Adults.","authors":"Shuyang Xiang, Wangning ShangGuan, Xiaocou Wang","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.18662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.18662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Increasing Medicare Savings Program Enrollment-Improving Affordability of Care.","authors":"Syama R Patel, Dominic A Ruggiero, Eric T Roberts","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.21078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.21078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katie McCreedy, Jule von der Heydt, Aanchalika Chauhan, Rajvi Shah, Sunyou Kang, Elizabeth Platt, Leo Beletsky
{"title":"State Policies Regulating Law Enforcement Access to Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Testosterone Prescription Data.","authors":"Katie McCreedy, Jule von der Heydt, Aanchalika Chauhan, Rajvi Shah, Sunyou Kang, Elizabeth Platt, Leo Beletsky","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.20035","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jama.2024.20035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Old Doc.","authors":"Abigail Zuger","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.14802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.14802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Hyperesthetic Neuralgia\" and \"Crawly Skin\": Poetry and Empathy in Medicine.","authors":"Rafael Campo","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.15154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.15154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alain Deschamps, Michael Avidan, Arbi Ben Abdallah
{"title":"Electroencephalography-Guided Anesthesia and Delirium in Older Adults-Reply.","authors":"Alain Deschamps, Michael Avidan, Arbi Ben Abdallah","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.18665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.18665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyung Mi Kim, Aditya Narayan, Nirav R Shah, Arnold Milstein
{"title":"Parenthood and Paychecks-The Gender Pay Gap in Medicine.","authors":"Kyung Mi Kim, Aditya Narayan, Nirav R Shah, Arnold Milstein","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.22123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.22123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ovarian Aging and Fertility.","authors":"David B Seifer, Eve C Feinberg, Albert L Hsu","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.18207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.18207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Myocardial Fibrosis and Timing of Intervention for Aortic Stenosis.","authors":"Robert O Bonow","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.22853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.22853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krithika Loganath, Neil J Craig, Russell J Everett, Rong Bing, Vasiliki Tsampasian, Patrycja Molek, Simona Botezatu, Saadia Aslam, Steff Lewis, Catriona Graham, Audrey C White, Tom MacGillivray, Christopher E Tuck, Phillip Rayson, Denise Cranley, Sian Irvine, Ruth Armstrong, Lynsey Milne, Calvin W L Chin, Graham S Hillis, Timothy Fairbairn, John P Greenwood, Richard Steeds, Stephen J Leslie, Chim C Lang, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Nikhil V Joshi, Vijay Kunadian, Vassilios S Vassiliou, Jason N Dungu, Sandeep S Hothi, Nicholas Boon, Sanjay K Prasad, Niall G Keenan, Dana Dawson, Thomas A Treibel, Mani Motwani, Christopher A Miller, Nicholas L Mills, Ronak Rajani, David P Ripley, Gerry P McCann, Bernard Prendergast, Anvesha Singh, David E Newby, Marc R Dweck
Importance: Development of myocardial fibrosis in patients with aortic stenosis precedes left ventricular decompensation and is associated with an adverse long-term prognosis.
Objective: To investigate whether early valve intervention reduced the incidence of all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalization in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis.
Design, setting, and participants: This prospective, randomized, open-label, masked end point trial was conducted between August 2017 and October 2022 at 24 cardiac centers across the UK and Australia. Asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis were included. The final date of follow-up was July 26, 2024.
Intervention: Early valve intervention with transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement or guideline-directed conservative management.
Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalization in a time-to-first-event intention-to-treat analysis. There were 9 secondary outcomes, including the components of the primary outcome and symptom status at 12 months.
Results: The trial enrolled 224 eligible patients (mean [SD] age, 73 [9] years; 63 women [28%]; mean [SD] aortic valve peak velocity of 4.3 [0.5] m/s) of the originally planned sample size of 356 patients. The primary end point occurred in 20 of 113 patients (18%) in the early intervention group and 25 of 111 patients (23%) in the guideline-directed conservative management group (hazard ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.44-1.43]; P = .44; between-group difference, -4.82% [95% CI, -15.31% to 5.66%]). Of 9 prespecified secondary end points, 7 showed no significant difference. All-cause death occurred in 16 of 113 patients (14%) in the early intervention group and 14 of 111 (13%) in the guideline-directed group (hazard ratio, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.59-2.51]) and unplanned aortic stenosis hospitalization occurred in 7 of 113 patients (6%) and 19 of 111 patients (17%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.16-0.88]). Early intervention was associated with a lower 12-month rate of New York Heart Association class II-IV symptoms than guideline-directed conservative management (21 [19.7%] vs 39 [37.9%]; odds ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.20-0.70]).
Conclusions and relevance: In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis, early aortic valve intervention had no demonstrable effect on all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalization. The trial had a wide 95% CI around the primary end point, with further research needed to confirm these findings.
{"title":"Early Intervention in Patients With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis and Myocardial Fibrosis: The EVOLVED Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Krithika Loganath, Neil J Craig, Russell J Everett, Rong Bing, Vasiliki Tsampasian, Patrycja Molek, Simona Botezatu, Saadia Aslam, Steff Lewis, Catriona Graham, Audrey C White, Tom MacGillivray, Christopher E Tuck, Phillip Rayson, Denise Cranley, Sian Irvine, Ruth Armstrong, Lynsey Milne, Calvin W L Chin, Graham S Hillis, Timothy Fairbairn, John P Greenwood, Richard Steeds, Stephen J Leslie, Chim C Lang, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Nikhil V Joshi, Vijay Kunadian, Vassilios S Vassiliou, Jason N Dungu, Sandeep S Hothi, Nicholas Boon, Sanjay K Prasad, Niall G Keenan, Dana Dawson, Thomas A Treibel, Mani Motwani, Christopher A Miller, Nicholas L Mills, Ronak Rajani, David P Ripley, Gerry P McCann, Bernard Prendergast, Anvesha Singh, David E Newby, Marc R Dweck","doi":"10.1001/jama.2024.22730","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jama.2024.22730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Development of myocardial fibrosis in patients with aortic stenosis precedes left ventricular decompensation and is associated with an adverse long-term prognosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether early valve intervention reduced the incidence of all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalization in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This prospective, randomized, open-label, masked end point trial was conducted between August 2017 and October 2022 at 24 cardiac centers across the UK and Australia. Asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis were included. The final date of follow-up was July 26, 2024.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Early valve intervention with transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement or guideline-directed conservative management.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalization in a time-to-first-event intention-to-treat analysis. There were 9 secondary outcomes, including the components of the primary outcome and symptom status at 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The trial enrolled 224 eligible patients (mean [SD] age, 73 [9] years; 63 women [28%]; mean [SD] aortic valve peak velocity of 4.3 [0.5] m/s) of the originally planned sample size of 356 patients. The primary end point occurred in 20 of 113 patients (18%) in the early intervention group and 25 of 111 patients (23%) in the guideline-directed conservative management group (hazard ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.44-1.43]; P = .44; between-group difference, -4.82% [95% CI, -15.31% to 5.66%]). Of 9 prespecified secondary end points, 7 showed no significant difference. All-cause death occurred in 16 of 113 patients (14%) in the early intervention group and 14 of 111 (13%) in the guideline-directed group (hazard ratio, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.59-2.51]) and unplanned aortic stenosis hospitalization occurred in 7 of 113 patients (6%) and 19 of 111 patients (17%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.16-0.88]). Early intervention was associated with a lower 12-month rate of New York Heart Association class II-IV symptoms than guideline-directed conservative management (21 [19.7%] vs 39 [37.9%]; odds ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.20-0.70]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis, early aortic valve intervention had no demonstrable effect on all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalization. The trial had a wide 95% CI around the primary end point, with further research needed to confirm these findings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03094143.</p>","PeriodicalId":54909,"journal":{"name":"Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":63.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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