Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002209
L. Kaila, K. Nupponen, P. Gorbunov, M. Mutanen, Maria Heikkilä
Ustyurtiidae Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, a new family of Urodoidea is introduced. The family is based on the genus Ustyurtia Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, gen. n. The genus includes the type species U. zygophyllivora Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, sp. n. and U. charynica Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, sp. n., both from Kazakhstan. These two species, in particular the immature stages, have morphological attributes apomorphic of Urodoidea. The close affinity is also supported by DNA data based on several markers. We consider this new family warranted due to its sister group position to the remaining Urodoidea and a number of significant morphological differences in wing venation, male genitalia and the structure of the cocoon, apomorphic for Ustyurtiidae on the basis of an earlier published phylogeny. All other recognized genera of Urodoidea belong to the family Urodidae. The closest relatives and phylogenetic position of Urodoidea are not firmly established, but Urodoidea and Schreckensteinioidea have morphological similarities which, in the light of genetic analyses appear synapomorphic and possibly uniting these groups, rather than homoplasious as assumed earlier. The affinities of these superfamilies are discussed.
{"title":"Ustyurtiidae, a new family of Urodoidea with description of a new genus and two species from Kazakhstan, and discussion on possible affinity of Urodoidea to Schreckensteinioidea (Lepidoptera)","authors":"L. Kaila, K. Nupponen, P. Gorbunov, M. Mutanen, Maria Heikkilä","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002209","url":null,"abstract":"Ustyurtiidae Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, a new family of Urodoidea is introduced. The family is based on the genus Ustyurtia Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, gen. n. The genus includes the type species U. zygophyllivora Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, sp. n. and U. charynica Kaila, Heikkilä & Nupponen, sp. n., both from Kazakhstan. These two species, in particular the immature stages, have morphological attributes apomorphic of Urodoidea. The close affinity is also supported by DNA data based on several markers. We consider this new family warranted due to its sister group position to the remaining Urodoidea and a number of significant morphological differences in wing venation, male genitalia and the structure of the cocoon, apomorphic for Ustyurtiidae on the basis of an earlier published phylogeny. All other recognized genera of Urodoidea belong to the family Urodidae. The closest relatives and phylogenetic position of Urodoidea are not firmly established, but Urodoidea and Schreckensteinioidea have morphological similarities which, in the light of genetic analyses appear synapomorphic and possibly uniting these groups, rather than homoplasious as assumed earlier. The affinities of these superfamilies are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47432326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002301
Erki Õunap, T. Tammaru, Andro Truuverk
Recent advances in molecular systematics have led to an emerging understanding of the phylogenetic history of the family Geometridae. These studies have basically confirmed the traditional subdivision of the subfamily Larentiinae into tribes but unsolved problems remain. Here we test the monophyly of the tribe Perizomini, and evaluate the division of this tribe into genera using Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of one mitochondrial and eight nuclear gene fragments. We show that the Eurasian members of Perizoma Hübner, 1825, Mesotype Hübner, 1825 and Gagitodes Warren, 1893 together form a monophyetic tribe Perizomini. However, Martania Mironov, 2000 is not closely related to these genera, but is considered to belong to Melanthiini according to the results of the phylogenetic analyses. Morphological evidence supporting this rearrangement is discussed. The Nearctic Larentia basaliata Walker, 1862 was shown to belong in the genus Martania as M. basaliata (Walker, 1862) comb. nov. and being specifically distinct from the morphologically similar Palaearctic M. taeniata. Three other studied ‘Perizoma’ species from the New World were similarly placed far from Perizomini in the phylogenetic tree, and were not related to each other. We conclude that both the tribe Perizomini and the genus Perizoma are polyphyletic which indicates that the group needs a global revision. It remains an open question whether Perizomini have a worldwide distribution as previously assumed, or is this tribe confined to the Palaearctic region.
{"title":"Perizomini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae) are polyphyletic","authors":"Erki Õunap, T. Tammaru, Andro Truuverk","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002301","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in molecular systematics have led to an emerging understanding of the phylogenetic history of the family Geometridae. These studies have basically confirmed the traditional subdivision of the subfamily Larentiinae into tribes but unsolved problems remain. Here we test the monophyly of the tribe Perizomini, and evaluate the division of this tribe into genera using Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of one mitochondrial and eight nuclear gene fragments. We show that the Eurasian members of Perizoma Hübner, 1825, Mesotype Hübner, 1825 and Gagitodes Warren, 1893 together form a monophyetic tribe Perizomini. However, Martania Mironov, 2000 is not closely related to these genera, but is considered to belong to Melanthiini according to the results of the phylogenetic analyses. Morphological evidence supporting this rearrangement is discussed. The Nearctic Larentia basaliata Walker, 1862 was shown to belong in the genus Martania as M. basaliata (Walker, 1862) comb. nov. and being specifically distinct from the morphologically similar Palaearctic M. taeniata. Three other studied ‘Perizoma’ species from the New World were similarly placed far from Perizomini in the phylogenetic tree, and were not related to each other. We conclude that both the tribe Perizomini and the genus Perizoma are polyphyletic which indicates that the group needs a global revision. It remains an open question whether Perizomini have a worldwide distribution as previously assumed, or is this tribe confined to the Palaearctic region.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"489-516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42113198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002208
G. Biffi
The genus Microdaiphron Pic, 1926 is revised. Ten species are recognized as valid: Microdaiphron polemioides (Kirsch, 1889), M. implicitus (Erichson, 1847) comb. nov., M. pauloensis (Pic, 1926), M. peruvianus Pic, 1938, M. mendesensis (Pic, 1926), M. tapuruquara sp. nov., M. geodesicus sp. nov., M. batasitensis (Pic, 1926), M. guyanensis Constantin, 2016, and M. brevehumeralis Pic, 1938. Other 23 names within Microdaiphron are synonymized with the currently valid species, whilst Microdaiphron bicoloricornis Pic, 1947 is transferred to Malthesis Motschulsky, 1853. The taxonomic status of three primary homonyms is also discussed. Daiphron polemioides var. atripenne Pic, 1927 (=Microdaiphron implicitus comb. nov.) is the senior homonym of Daiphron atripenne Pic, 1934 and Daiphron atripenne var. bipartitum Pic, 1934. The later is synonymized and reinstated as a valid species under the name D. bipartitus Pic, 1934. Descriptions, distribution maps and illustrations of diagnostic features are presented for all valid taxa, including the photographs of primary types in all available names within Microdaiphron.
{"title":"Taxonomic revision of Microdaiphron Pic, 1926 (Coleoptera: Cantharidae: Chauliognathinae)","authors":"G. Biffi","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002208","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Microdaiphron\u0000Pic, 1926 is revised. Ten species are recognized as valid: Microdaiphron polemioides (Kirsch, 1889), M. implicitus (Erichson, 1847) comb. nov., M. pauloensis (Pic, 1926), M. peruvianus\u0000Pic, 1938, M. mendesensis (Pic, 1926), M. tapuruquara\u0000sp. nov., M. geodesicus\u0000sp. nov., M. batasitensis (Pic, 1926), M. guyanensis\u0000Constantin, 2016, and M. brevehumeralis\u0000Pic, 1938. Other 23 names within Microdaiphron are synonymized with the currently valid species, whilst Microdaiphron bicoloricornis\u0000Pic, 1947 is transferred to Malthesis Motschulsky, 1853. The taxonomic status of three primary homonyms is also discussed. Daiphron polemioides var. atripenne\u0000Pic, 1927 (=Microdaiphron implicitus\u0000comb. nov.) is the senior homonym of Daiphron atripenne\u0000Pic, 1934 and Daiphron atripenne var. bipartitum\u0000Pic, 1934. The later is synonymized and reinstated as a valid species under the name D. bipartitus\u0000Pic, 1934. Descriptions, distribution maps and illustrations of diagnostic features are presented for all valid taxa, including the photographs of primary types in all available names within Microdaiphron.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"408-443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42591477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002300
F. Salles, R. Boldrini
A new taxon of Hermanellonota or subtribe Hermanellina (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) was found from Northern Brazil, in the limits of Pacaraima in Brazil and Santa Helena de Uairén in Venezuela. While nymphs of this taxon are similar to those of the genus Farrodes, the adults could not be assigned to any of the genera included in the group. In order to clarify the systematic relationship of this taxon and to provide a reliable hypothesis concerning its generic placement, we analyzed it using an available matrix from the literature and performed a new cladistic analysis. As a result we describe Rondophlebia rubra gen. nov. et sp. nov. sister to the Perissophlebiodes complex + Hermanella complex. Our analyses also shed new insights on the systematics of Hermanellonota.
在巴西北部的Pacaraima和委内瑞拉的Santa Helena de Uairén地区发现了一个新的Hermanellonota分类单元或Hermanellina亚分类单元。虽然该分类单元的若虫与Farrodes属的若虫相似，但成虫不能被归入该类群中的任何一个属。为了阐明该分类单元的系统关系，并提供关于其属位的可靠假设，我们使用文献中的可用矩阵对其进行了分析，并进行了新的支序分析。因此，我们描述了红锥虫。nov.et sp.nov.Perissoveniodes复合体+Hermanella复合体的姐妹。我们的分析也为Hermanellonota的系统学提供了新的见解。
{"title":"A new genus of the subtribe Hermanellina (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from Northern Brazil with accounts on the systematics of the group","authors":"F. Salles, R. Boldrini","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002300","url":null,"abstract":"A new taxon of Hermanellonota or subtribe Hermanellina (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) was found from Northern Brazil, in the limits of Pacaraima in Brazil and Santa Helena de Uairén in Venezuela. While nymphs of this taxon are similar to those of the genus Farrodes, the adults could not be assigned to any of the genera included in the group. In order to clarify the systematic relationship of this taxon and to provide a reliable hypothesis concerning its generic placement, we analyzed it using an available matrix from the literature and performed a new cladistic analysis. As a result we describe Rondophlebia rubra\u0000gen. nov. et sp. nov. sister to the Perissophlebiodes complex + Hermanella complex. Our analyses also shed new insights on the systematics of Hermanellonota.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"472-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48934157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312x-00002204
Francisco E. De L. Nascimento, Juan Pablo Botero, Antonio Santos-Silva
The genus Piola is revised; the original description is translated and updated; the known species are redescribed (except P. unicolor); a new species, Piola wappesi sp. nov., is described from Bolivia; P. schiffi is registered for the first time for Peru; an updated key and photos of the type material of the species are provided.
{"title":"Revision of Piola Marinoni, 1974 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Phacellini)","authors":"Francisco E. De L. Nascimento, Juan Pablo Botero, Antonio Santos-Silva","doi":"10.1163/1876312x-00002204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-00002204","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Piola is revised; the original description is translated and updated; the known species are redescribed (except P. unicolor); a new species, Piola wappesi\u0000sp. nov., is described from Bolivia; P. schiffi is registered for the first time for Peru; an updated key and photos of the type material of the species are provided.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"277-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312x-00002204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42280920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002205
Zhaofu Yang, M. Ullah, J. Landry, S. Miller, Margaret E. Rosati, Yalin Zhang
Bacotoma Moore, 1885 is reviewed including the description of a new species from Hainan Island, B. hainanensis sp. nov., based on an analysis that combined morphology and mitochondrial DNA. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Platamonina Shaffer & Munroe, 2007, syn. nov. is synonymized with Bacotoma and ten species are included: B. ampliatalis (Lederer, 1863) comb. nov., B. binotalis (Warren, 1896) comb. nov., B. camillusalis (Walker, 1859), B. cuprealis (Moore, 1877) comb. nov., B. hainanensis sp. nov., B. illatalis (Walker, 1866), B. oggalis (Swinhoe, 1906) comb. nov., B. poecilura (Hering, 1903) comb. nov., B. ptochura (Meyrick, 1894) comb. nov., and B. violata (Fabricius, 1787). Syngamia albiceps Hampson, 1912 syn. nov. is confirmed to be a synonym of Bacotoma binotalis, and Platamonia medinalis Snellen, 1900 syn. nov. is synonymized with Bacotoma illatalis. A key to species examined is also provided based on external morphology and male genitalia.
{"title":"Reassessment of the moth genus Bacotoma, with a new species from Hainan Island (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Spilomelinae)","authors":"Zhaofu Yang, M. Ullah, J. Landry, S. Miller, Margaret E. Rosati, Yalin Zhang","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002205","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Bacotoma Moore, 1885 is reviewed including the description of a new species from Hainan Island, B. hainanensis\u0000sp. nov., based on an analysis that combined morphology and mitochondrial DNA. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Platamonina\u0000Shaffer & Munroe, 2007, syn. nov. is synonymized with Bacotoma and ten species are included: B. ampliatalis (Lederer, 1863) comb. nov., B. binotalis (Warren, 1896) comb. nov., B. camillusalis (Walker, 1859), B. cuprealis (Moore, 1877) comb. nov., B. hainanensis\u0000sp. nov., B. illatalis (Walker, 1866), B. oggalis (Swinhoe, 1906) comb. nov., B. poecilura (Hering, 1903) comb. nov., B. ptochura (Meyrick, 1894) comb. nov., and B. violata (Fabricius, 1787). Syngamia albiceps\u0000Hampson, 1912\u0000syn. nov. is confirmed to be a synonym of Bacotoma binotalis, and Platamonia medinalis Snellen, 1900 syn. nov. is synonymized with Bacotoma illatalis. A key to species examined is also provided based on external morphology and male genitalia.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"384-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43820362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002302
Maxim V Nabozhenko, I. Chigray, A. Bukejs
The new monotypic subgenus Stenolassus subgen. nov. of the genus Stenohelops Reitter, 1922 is described for Stenohelops klebsi (Nabozhenko, Perkovsky et Chernei, 2016) comb. nov. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which was previously described within the genus Nalassus Mulsant, 1856. This species is transferred to Stenohelops Reitter, 1922 based on the structure of the male aedeagus, abdominal ventrite 5, and the protarsi. A key to the subgenera of the genus Stenohelops is provided. The problematic species Isomira (Mucheimira) avula Seidlitz, 1896 is redescribed and its taxonomic placement addressed. A new species, Isomira (Isomira) hoffeinsorum sp. nov. is also described from Baltic amber. This new species possesses a mixture of characters associated with Mucheimira and Isomira, which can be a result of incomplete diversification of the genus Isomira during the Eocene.
新的单型亚属Stenolasussubgen。Stenohelops Reitter属的nov.，1922年被描述为Stenoheloops klebsi（Nabozhenko，Perkovsky et Chernei，2016）梳。nov.（鞘翅目：Tenebrionidae），其先前被描述在Nalassus Mulsant属内，1856年。根据雄性aedeagus、腹部腹肌5和前足肌的结构，该物种于1922年被转移到Stenohelops-Reitter。提供了一个狭叶藻属亚属的钥匙。问题物种Isomira（Mucheimira）avulaSeidlitz，1896被重新描述，并解决了其分类学位置。一新种，Isomira（Isomira）hoffeisorumsp。nov.也是从波罗的海琥珀中描述的。这一新物种具有与Mucheimira和Isomira相关的混合特征，这可能是始新世Isomira属不完全多样化的结果。
{"title":"Taxonomic notes on the Eocene Helopini, and a review of the genus Isomira Mulsant, 1856 from Baltic amber (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)","authors":"Maxim V Nabozhenko, I. Chigray, A. Bukejs","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002302","url":null,"abstract":"The new monotypic subgenus Stenolassus\u0000subgen. nov. of the genus Stenohelops Reitter, 1922 is described for Stenohelops klebsi (Nabozhenko, Perkovsky et Chernei, 2016) comb. nov. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which was previously described within the genus Nalassus Mulsant, 1856. This species is transferred to Stenohelops Reitter, 1922 based on the structure of the male aedeagus, abdominal ventrite 5, and the protarsi. A key to the subgenera of the genus Stenohelops is provided. The problematic species Isomira (Mucheimira) avula\u0000Seidlitz, 1896 is redescribed and its taxonomic placement addressed. A new species, Isomira (Isomira) hoffeinsorum\u0000sp. nov. is also described from Baltic amber. This new species possesses a mixture of characters associated with Mucheimira and Isomira, which can be a result of incomplete diversification of the genus Isomira during the Eocene.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"517-531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42590819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1163/1876312x-00002202
M. Ramos, C. Azevedo
Bethylinae are a morphologically well-defined subfamily of Bethylidae, with remarkable characters, such as strongly convex clypeal carina and bifid and angled tarsal claws. However, there is no consensus about the phylogenetic relationships among the genera within the family, regarding mainly Eupsenella and Lytopsenella. To resolve this problem, a phylogeny of the Bethylinae is inferred based on parsimony analyses separately of 43 and 44 morphological characters for males and females, respectively. We performed combined analyses of both sexes with 49 morphological characters, including genitalia. We present a phylogenetic analysis, including a total 118 species of Bethylinae. Male and female characters were included in these analyses. We discuss wing morphology and deformability of forewings for the first time. In summary, the basal polytomy was solved for the first time. Seven of the eight genera were recovered as monophyletic groups. The unique exception is Goniozus, which was retrieved as paraphyletic in all topologies.
{"title":"Revisited phylogeny of Bethylinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) solves basal polytomy","authors":"M. Ramos, C. Azevedo","doi":"10.1163/1876312x-00002202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-00002202","url":null,"abstract":"Bethylinae are a morphologically well-defined subfamily of Bethylidae, with remarkable characters, such as strongly convex clypeal carina and bifid and angled tarsal claws. However, there is no consensus about the phylogenetic relationships among the genera within the family, regarding mainly Eupsenella and Lytopsenella. To resolve this problem, a phylogeny of the Bethylinae is inferred based on parsimony analyses separately of 43 and 44 morphological characters for males and females, respectively. We performed combined analyses of both sexes with 49 morphological characters, including genitalia. We present a phylogenetic analysis, including a total 118 species of Bethylinae. Male and female characters were included in these analyses. We discuss wing morphology and deformability of forewings for the first time. In summary, the basal polytomy was solved for the first time. Seven of the eight genera were recovered as monophyletic groups. The unique exception is Goniozus, which was retrieved as paraphyletic in all topologies.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"51 1","pages":"296-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312x-00002202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43060943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-15DOI: 10.1163/1876312x-bja10005
B. Zilberman
Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.
{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corotoca, with description of a new genus and species from Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)","authors":"B. Zilberman","doi":"10.1163/1876312x-bja10005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-bja10005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"-1 1","pages":"1-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312x-bja10005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47828725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-05DOI: 10.1163/1876312x-bja10006
A. Martins, A. C. Domahovski, D. I. Rendón-Mera
Interactions between dryinids and their hosts are poorly known in the Neotropical region, especially for the Brazilian fauna. This study aims to expand this incipient knowledge by describing a new species of Anteon Jurine and four new species of Gonatopus Ljungh reared from parasitized leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) collected in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. The new species, A. elianeae sp. nov., G. josei sp. nov., G. meloi sp. nov., G. pinhalensis sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov., are associated with leafhopper species of the subfamilies Iassinae (tribe Gyponini) and Deltocephalinae (tribes Deltocephalini and Pendarini). Both sexes of G. josei sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov. were associated and males are described, representing the first sexual association based on reared specimens from Brazil. We record for the first time species of Dryinidae parasitizing the leafhoppers species: Curtara concava, Gypona lita and Reticana lineatta (Gyponini), Graminella striatella (Deltocephalini) and Copidinomus vittulatus (Pendarini). All known records in the Neotropic of both Anteon and Gonatupus species associated with host are compiled, all known records of parasitoids of gyponines are reviewed, and the interactions with dryinids are discussed. Each new species is diagnosed and described, and illustrations of both dryinids and parasitized hosts are provided.
{"title":"Sexual association and cicadellid hosts of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea): description of five new species from Brazil and a synopsis of the interaction with Gyponini (Hemiptera, Membracoidea)","authors":"A. Martins, A. C. Domahovski, D. I. Rendón-Mera","doi":"10.1163/1876312x-bja10006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-bja10006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Interactions between dryinids and their hosts are poorly known in the Neotropical region, especially for the Brazilian fauna. This study aims to expand this incipient knowledge by describing a new species of Anteon Jurine and four new species of Gonatopus Ljungh reared from parasitized leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) collected in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. The new species, A. elianeae sp. nov., G. josei sp. nov., G. meloi sp. nov., G. pinhalensis sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov., are associated with leafhopper species of the subfamilies Iassinae (tribe Gyponini) and Deltocephalinae (tribes Deltocephalini and Pendarini). Both sexes of G. josei sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov. were associated and males are described, representing the first sexual association based on reared specimens from Brazil. We record for the first time species of Dryinidae parasitizing the leafhoppers species: Curtara concava, Gypona lita and Reticana lineatta (Gyponini), Graminella striatella (Deltocephalini) and Copidinomus vittulatus (Pendarini). All known records in the Neotropic of both Anteon and Gonatupus species associated with host are compiled, all known records of parasitoids of gyponines are reviewed, and the interactions with dryinids are discussed. Each new species is diagnosed and described, and illustrations of both dryinids and parasitized hosts are provided.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"-1 1","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312x-bja10006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49101235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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