B. A. Zeydabadi, M. Haghshenas, S. Roshani, M. Moshfeghian
A concise and accurate methodology has been developed using well known software packages to predict the type and amount of inhibitor required during sudden depressurization of a system to prevent hydrate formation. The outlined procedure exhibits the P-T history of the system and hence the hydrate formation temperature profile. A practical example of using such procedure clearly indicates the ease and accuracy of designing a hydrate inhibition package for any units in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries.
{"title":"Prevent system hydrate formation during sudden depressurization","authors":"B. A. Zeydabadi, M. Haghshenas, S. Roshani, M. Moshfeghian","doi":"10.2523/IPTC-11541-MS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/IPTC-11541-MS","url":null,"abstract":"A concise and accurate methodology has been developed using well known software packages to predict the type and amount of inhibitor required during sudden depressurization of a system to prevent hydrate formation. The outlined procedure exhibits the P-T history of the system and hence the hydrate formation temperature profile. A practical example of using such procedure clearly indicates the ease and accuracy of designing a hydrate inhibition package for any units in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries.","PeriodicalId":55043,"journal":{"name":"Hydrocarbon Processing","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2523/IPTC-11541-MS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69421188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6701(97)81773-0
A. Stefani
{"title":"Reduce the impact of coke fines on delayed cokers","authors":"A. Stefani","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6701(97)81773-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(97)81773-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55043,"journal":{"name":"Hydrocarbon Processing","volume":"76 1","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/s0140-6701(97)81773-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55842500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-07-01DOI: 10.1002/9781119267799.ch18
W. C. Driedger
Several options are available to match pump operating point to the process and still ensure system reliability. Assuming the pump is more than adequate for the process requirements at the moment, what is the best way to trim it to the desired operating point? There are three possible locations to place a valve: on the discharge, suction, or use a recycle valve. The paper discusses valve placement in all three options. Using the example of a pump drawing volatile hydrocarbons from a large surge vessel, the following features are discussed: a level/flow cascade loop on the pump discharge to provide process control; a check valve on the discharge downstream of the control valve to prevent reverse flow when the pump is shut down; a fire safe motor operated valve (MOV) in case of seal leakage and fires; an interlock from the MOV to stop the pump if the valve is not fully opened; a low level interlock from the vessel to stop the pump if the vessel loses its liquid seal; a pressure gauge on the suction to indicate adequate NPSHA; a thermometer on the suction to indicate potentially high vapor pressure; a minimum flow recycle loop back to themore » vessel; a check valve on the recycle line to prevent reverse flow when the pump is shut down, especially when the fire valve is closed; and a pressure gauge on the pump discharge to indicate that the pump is working.« less
{"title":"Controlling centrifugal pumps","authors":"W. C. Driedger","doi":"10.1002/9781119267799.ch18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119267799.ch18","url":null,"abstract":"Several options are available to match pump operating point to the process and still ensure system reliability. Assuming the pump is more than adequate for the process requirements at the moment, what is the best way to trim it to the desired operating point? There are three possible locations to place a valve: on the discharge, suction, or use a recycle valve. The paper discusses valve placement in all three options. Using the example of a pump drawing volatile hydrocarbons from a large surge vessel, the following features are discussed: a level/flow cascade loop on the pump discharge to provide process control; a check valve on the discharge downstream of the control valve to prevent reverse flow when the pump is shut down; a fire safe motor operated valve (MOV) in case of seal leakage and fires; an interlock from the MOV to stop the pump if the valve is not fully opened; a low level interlock from the vessel to stop the pump if the vessel loses its liquid seal; a pressure gauge on the suction to indicate adequate NPSHA; a thermometer on the suction to indicate potentially high vapor pressure; a minimum flow recycle loop back to themore » vessel; a check valve on the recycle line to prevent reverse flow when the pump is shut down, especially when the fire valve is closed; and a pressure gauge on the pump discharge to indicate that the pump is working.« less","PeriodicalId":55043,"journal":{"name":"Hydrocarbon Processing","volume":"93 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781119267799.ch18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50762646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several case histories illustrates how to design a refinery wastewater treatment system (WWTS). The heart of WWTS, the biological oxidation (BIOX) process, is the main focus. The design case history shows how to calculate BIOX parameters such as system flow, hydraulic retention time, sludge age, destruction/removal efficiency, reactor loading, etc. Tighter control on equipment size prevents overdesign and minimizes capital and operating costs. A BIOX system that is too large can cause as many problems as one that is too small. Improved WWTSs specification allows cost-effective operations at extreme flow and contaminant conditions. The paper describes the complex and variable scheme, WWTS design concepts, waste water biodegradability, destruction/removal efficiency, food-to-microorganisms, mixed liquor suspended solids, hydraulic retention time, sludge age, BIOX reactor loading, aeration, temperature, clarifier, discharge permit limits, operating diagram, operability review, and three case histories.
{"title":"Design more flexibility into wastewater treatment","authors":"R. W. Capps, G. Matelli, M. Bradford","doi":"10.1002/CHIN.199422273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.199422273","url":null,"abstract":"Several case histories illustrates how to design a refinery wastewater treatment system (WWTS). The heart of WWTS, the biological oxidation (BIOX) process, is the main focus. The design case history shows how to calculate BIOX parameters such as system flow, hydraulic retention time, sludge age, destruction/removal efficiency, reactor loading, etc. Tighter control on equipment size prevents overdesign and minimizes capital and operating costs. A BIOX system that is too large can cause as many problems as one that is too small. Improved WWTSs specification allows cost-effective operations at extreme flow and contaminant conditions. The paper describes the complex and variable scheme, WWTS design concepts, waste water biodegradability, destruction/removal efficiency, food-to-microorganisms, mixed liquor suspended solids, hydraulic retention time, sludge age, BIOX reactor loading, aeration, temperature, clarifier, discharge permit limits, operating diagram, operability review, and three case histories.","PeriodicalId":55043,"journal":{"name":"Hydrocarbon Processing","volume":"72 1","pages":"81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/CHIN.199422273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50891024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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