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First report of Devonian corals from the Bitlis-Pötürge Massif (SE Turkey): a rare occurrence of corals on the northern margin of Gondwana Bitlis-Pötürge地块(土耳其东南部)泥盆纪珊瑚首次报道:冈瓦纳北缘罕见的珊瑚
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.1344/GEOLOGICAACTA2021.19.1
J. Denayer, I. Hoşgör
The Bitlis-Pötürge Massif of SE Turkey is a metamorphic belt separating the Arabian Plate from the Taurides. It includes a non-metamorphic Palaeozoic sequence that contains locally fossiliferous strata. Here is reported for the first time an assemblage of Upper Devonian rugose and tabulate corals from the Meydan Formation, composed of the rugose Frechastraea schafferi (PENECKE), Peneckiella cf. teicherti HILL, Pseudopexiphyllum supradevonicum (PENECKE), and Macgeea desioi VON SCHOUPPÉ, and the tabulate Thamnopora reticulata (DE BLAINVILLE), Alveolites ex. gr. suborbicularis and Scoliopora sp. The rugose corals suggest a Late Frasnian age. The palaeobiogeographic affinities of corals are discussed. The species F. schafferi and the genus Pseudopexiphyllum –so far only reported from Turkey, Iran and Afghanistan– are probably limited to the northern margin of Gondwana and therefore diagnostic for this palaeogeographic area. Until now, the northern margin of Gondwana yielded very few Upper Devonian corals so this occurrence in SE Turkey is particularly important to estimate the relationship between these corals and the ones from the northern margin of the Palaeotethys Ocean.
土耳其东南部的Bitlis-Pötürge地块是分隔阿拉伯板块和牛头山的变质带。它包括一个非变质的古生代层序,其中含有局部化石地层。本文首次报道了上泥盆统Meydan组的rugose Frechastraea schafferi (PENECKE)、Peneckiella cf. teicherti HILL、Pseudopexiphyllum supradevonicum (PENECKE)和Macgeea desioi VON SCHOUPPÉ,以及tabulate Thamnopora reticulata (DE BLAINVILLE)、Alveolites ex. gr. suborbicularis和Scoliopora sp.组成的rugose和tabular珊瑚组合。讨论了珊瑚的古生物地理亲缘关系。到目前为止只在土耳其、伊朗和阿富汗报道过的沙菲氏菌和假蕨属可能仅限于冈瓦纳的北部边缘,因此对这个古地理区域有诊断意义。到目前为止,冈瓦纳北缘的上泥盆世珊瑚很少,所以土耳其东南部的这一发现对于估计这些珊瑚与古特提斯洋北缘珊瑚之间的关系尤为重要。
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引用次数: 0
3D reconstruction of syn-tectonic strata in a salt-related orogen: learnings from the Llert syncline (South-central Pyrenees) 盐相关造山带同构造地层的三维重建:从Llert向斜(比利牛斯中南部)学习
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.20
A. Ramos, B. Lopez-Mir, Elisabeth P. Wilson, P. Granado, J. Muñoz
The Llert syncline is located in the South-central Pyrenees, between the eastern termination of the EW-trending Cotiella Basin and the north-western limb of the NS-trending Turbón-Serrado fold system. The Cotiella Basin is an inverted upper Coniacian-lower Santonian salt-floored post-rift extensional basin developed along the northern Iberian rift system. The Turbón-Serrado fold system consists of upper Santonian – Maastrichtian contractional salt-cored anticlines developed along an inverted transfer zone of the Pyrenean rift system. Based on field research, this paper presents a 3D reconstruction of the Llert syncline in order to further constrain the transition between these oblique salt-related structures. Our results suggest that the evolution of the Llert syncline was mainly controlled by tectonic shortening related to the tectonic inversion of the Cotiella Basin synchronously to the growth of the Turbón-Serrado detachment anticline, and by the pre-compressional structural framework of the Pyrenean rift system. Our contribution provides new insight into the geometric and kinematic relationships of structures developed during the inversion of passive margins involving salt.
勒勒特向斜位于比利牛斯山脉中南部,位于东向Cotiella盆地的东部末端和北向Turbón-Serrado褶皱体系的西北分支之间。Cotiella盆地是沿伊比利亚北部裂谷系发育的上coniian -下sanantonian盐底逆裂谷后伸展盆地。Turbón-Serrado褶皱系由沿比利牛斯裂谷系反转转移带发育的上圣东—马斯特里赫特收缩盐核背斜组成。本文在野外研究的基础上,对勒勒特向斜进行了三维重建,以进一步约束这些斜向盐相关构造之间的过渡。研究结果表明,勒勒特向斜的演化主要受与Turbón-Serrado滑脱背斜生长同步的Cotiella盆地构造反转相关的构造缩短和比利牛斯裂谷系的挤压前构造格架控制。我们的贡献为涉及盐的被动边缘反演期间发展的结构的几何和运动学关系提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 7
Geochemical characteristics of Precambrian Basement rocks from southeastern Nigeria: an approach to their petrogenesis and tectonic setting. 尼日利亚东南部前寒武纪基底岩石地球化学特征:成因与构造背景探讨
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.19
C. U. Ibe
Trace and Rare-Earth element geochemical study of twenty samples of migmatitic banded gneisses, garnet biotite schists, dolerites, granites and rhyolites was carried out in a bid to determine their petrogenetic and tectonic significance in the evolution of the southeastern Basement complex of Nigeria. The data shows that partial melting (crustal anatexis) of migmatitic gneisses and schists played a significant role in the evolution of the granitic intrusions. This is supported by the high incompatible (Rb/Sr = 0.16 to 1.31 and Ba/Sr = 0.75 to 6.21) elements ratio in the granitic intrusions than that of the migmatitic gneisses and schists (Rb/Sr, 0.051 to 0.824; Ba/Sr, 0.7 to 5). High ratios of Ba/Sr and Rb/Sr and lesser values of Ba/Rb ratios in some granitic intrusions than in others suggests increasing fractionation during the anatexis. The role of partial melting is also evident in the smooth REE patterns shown by most of these rocks and the negative Eu anomaly as indicated by the values of Eu/Eu* (0.097 to 0.7). LREE enrichment is evident in the high values of Ce/Yb N (12.08-174.5), La/Yb N (15.2-228.4) and La/Sm N (2.6-7.2) in the granitic intrusions. Tectonic discrimination diagrams of the rocks indicate that the basement rocks were most probably formed in a post-collision orogenic setting while the dolerite and the rhyolite were formed in within-plate anorogenic setting.
对尼日利亚东南部基底杂岩的混染带状片麻岩、石榴黑云母片岩、白云岩、花岗岩和流纹岩等20个样品进行了微量元素和稀土元素地球化学研究,以确定它们在尼日利亚东南部基底杂岩演化中的成因和构造意义。资料表明,混染片麻岩和片岩的部分熔融作用(地壳深熔作用)对花岗质侵入体的演化起了重要作用。这与花岗质侵入岩的不相容元素比(Rb/Sr = 0.16 ~ 1.31, Ba/Sr = 0.75 ~ 6.21)高于杂染岩片麻岩和片岩(Rb/Sr, 0.051 ~ 0.824;Ba/Sr, 0.7 ~ 5)。某些花岗岩岩体Ba/Sr和Rb/Sr比值较高,Ba/Rb比值较低,说明在深熔过程中分选作用增加。部分熔融的作用也体现在这些岩石的光滑REE模式和Eu/Eu*值(0.097 ~ 0.7)的负Eu异常中。花岗岩侵入体中Ce/Yb N(12.08 ~ 174.5)、La/Yb N(15.2 ~ 228.4)和La/Sm N(2.6 ~ 7.2)值较高,显示出明显的轻稀土富集。岩石的构造判别图表明,基底岩最可能形成于碰撞后造山环境,而白云岩和流纹岩则形成于板块内造山环境。
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引用次数: 0
Insights into the structural evolution of the pre-Variscan rocks of the Eastern Pyrenees from La Molina quartz veins; constraints on chlorite and fluid inclusion thermometry La Molina石英脉对东比利牛斯山脉前瓦里西坎期岩石构造演化的启示绿泥石和流体包裹体测温的限制
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-11-26 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.18
Eloy González-Esvertit, À. Canals, J. Casas, F. Nieto
Quartz veins hosted in the infra and overlying series to the (Sardic) Upper Ordovician Unconformity provide new insights into the structural and thermal evolution of the pre-Variscan rocks of the Eastern Pyrenees. In the La Molina area (Canigó massif), two generations of metric quartz veins (V1 and V2) are distinguished by their distribution patterns and their relationships to the deformational macro, meso, and microstructures. P-T formation conditions are obtained by combining chlorite geothermometry and fluid inclusion microthermometry data. Discrepancy on formation temperature for chlorites located at different positions within the veins are discussed, concluding that veins grew in a low fluid/rock ratio regime. V1 veins can be related to the Late Ordovician syn-sedimentary faulting episode as revealed by their distribution patterns, formation mechanisms, and fluid-rock interactions. We propose an Alpine age for the V2 veins, based on their structure and the emplacement conditions of 318 ± 12°C and 2.4 ± 0.2kbar, with an estimated geothermal gradient of 34°C∙km-1 and a burial depth of ca. 9km. Results obtained here are compared with other quartz veins spread throughout the Paleozoic basement of the Eastern Pyrenees.
位于(萨迪克)上奥陶统不整合面的下覆系列中的石英脉为东比利牛斯山脉前华力西期岩石的结构和热演化提供了新的见解。在La Molina地区(Canigómassif),两代公制石英脉(V1和V2)的分布模式及其与变形宏观、细观和微观结构的关系是不同的。结合绿泥石地热测量和流体包裹体微温测量数据,得到了P-T的形成条件。讨论了位于矿脉内不同位置的绿泥石的形成温度差异,得出的结论是,矿脉生长在低流体/岩石比例的区域。V1脉的分布模式、形成机制和流体-岩石相互作用揭示了其与晚奥陶世同沉积断裂事件有关。根据V2矿脉的结构和318±12°C和2.4±0.2kbar的侵位条件,我们提出了V2矿脉的阿尔卑斯年龄,估计地热梯度为34°C∙km-1,埋深约9km。这里获得的结果与分布在东比利牛斯山脉古生代基底的其他石英脉进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Time lag between metamorphism and crystallization of anatectic granites (Córdoba, Argentina) 暗长花岗岩变质与结晶的时间差(Córdoba,阿根廷)
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-11-02 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.17
F. D. 'Eramo, J. J. Estéban, M. Demartis, E. Aragón, J. Coniglio, L. Pinotti
SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS analyses carried out on zircons from the Río de los Sauces granite revealed their metamorphic and igneous nature. The metamorphic zircons yielded an age of 537±4.8 (2σ)Ma that probably predates the onset of the anatexis during the Pampean orogeny. By contrast, the igneous zircons yielded a younger age of 529±6 (2σ)Ma and reflected its crystallization age. These data point to a short time lag of ca. 8Myr between the High Temperature (HT) metamorphic peak and the subsequent crystallization age of the granite. Concordia age of 534±3.8 (2σ)Ma, for both types of zircon populations, can be considered as the mean age of the Pampean HT metamorphism in the Sierras de Córdoba.
对Río de los花岗岩的锆石进行了SHRIMP和LA-ICP-MS分析,揭示了其变质和火成岩性质。变质锆石的年龄为537±4.8 (2σ)Ma,可能早于潘潘造山期深熔作用的开始。火成岩锆石年龄为529±6 (2σ)Ma,反映了其结晶年龄。这些数据表明,在高温变质峰和随后的花岗岩结晶年龄之间存在约8Myr的短时间滞后。两类锆石群的Concordia年龄均为534±3.8 (2σ)Ma,可作为sierra de Córdoba潘培亚期高温变质作用的平均年龄。
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引用次数: 3
Age of the basement beneath the Mesozoic Lusitanian Basin revealed by granitic xenoliths from the Papôa volcanic breccia (West Iberia) Papôa火山角砾岩的花岗岩捕虏体揭示了中生代卢西塔尼亚盆地下方基底的年龄(西伊比利亚)
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.16
M. F. Pereira, C. Gama, José Silva, Í. D. D. Silva
The dyke of the Papoa volcanic breccia cross-cutting the Lower Jurassic sequence of the Lusitanian Basin (West Iberia) contains granitic xenoliths. In this study, for the first time, U-Th-Pb zircon analysis of two xenoliths yielded 298 ± 4 Ma for biotite granite and of 292 ± 2 Ma for two-mica granite, indicating that the pre-Mesozoic basement of the Lusitanian Basin includes Permian intrusions. These ages are close within the margin of error of the age of the Late Carboniferous granites of the Berlengas isle that with the Late Devonian high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Farilhoes isles, located northwest of the study area, which form the pre-Mesozoic basement of the Lusitanian Basin. These new geochronological findings enable it to be established that Permo-Carboniferous magmatism lasted at least 13 Ma, in this region of the Appalachian-Variscan belt. Furthermore, a comparison with available data from Paleozoic tectonic units of the Appalachian-Variscan belt located both in the Iberian Massif and outside it enables the suggestion to be made that the Lusitanian Basin (Peniche) most probably rests on the South Portuguese Zone, which may also be correlated with the Rhenohercynian Zone present in southwest England, and the Meguma terrane of Nova Scotia.
横切西伊比利亚鲁西塔尼亚盆地下侏罗统层序的Papoa火山角砾岩岩脉含有花岗质捕虏体。本研究首次对两个包体进行了U-Th-Pb锆石分析,黑云母花岗岩的U-Th-Pb值为298±4 Ma,二云母花岗岩的U-Th-Pb值为292±2 Ma,表明卢西塔尼亚盆地前中生代基底包含二叠纪侵入岩。这些年龄与Berlengas岛晚石炭世花岗岩年龄与研究区西北部Farilhoes岛晚泥盆世高变质岩年龄的误差范围内接近,后者构成了卢西塔尼亚盆地前中生代基底。这些新的地质年代学发现使我们能够确定,在阿巴拉契亚-瓦里斯坎带的这个地区,二叠纪-石炭纪岩浆活动至少持续了13 Ma。此外,与位于伊比利亚地块内外的阿巴拉契亚-瓦里斯坎带古生代构造单元的现有资料进行比较,可以提出卢西塔尼亚盆地(Peniche)最有可能位于南葡萄牙带,该盆地也可能与英格兰西南部的雷诺西西带和新斯科舍省的Meguma地体相关。
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引用次数: 1
Source rock and shale oil potential of the Pabdeh Formation (Middle–Late Eocene) in the Dezful Embayment, southwest Iran 伊朗西南部Dezful海湾地区Pabdeh组(中晚始新世)烃源岩和页岩油潜力
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-02 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.15
B. Alizadeh, A. Opera, M. Kalani, M. Alipour
The Pabdeh Brown Shale Unit (BSU) is an organic-rich calcareous mudstone within the Paleogene Pabdeh Formation, which has not yet been investigated in detail. A total of 166 core and cutting samples were selected from four wells in the Dezful Embayment to investigate the organic geochemical and the mineralogical compositions, as well as the shale oil potential of the BSU. XRD results show that it is mainly comprised of calcite (53wt.%), clay minerals (25wt.%), and quartz (14wt.%). TOC contents generally range from 1 to 9wt.% (avg. 4.2, 2.9, 5.2 and 3.3wt.%, for GS, KR, RR and RS wells, respectively) with HI values ranging between 400 and 650 mg HC/g TOC. Based on average values of T max and vitrinite reflectance, as well as saturate biomarker ratios, the BSU is immature at wells RR and RS (ranging from 0.3 to 0.53%) and its maturity increases northward at wells KR and GS (ranging from 0.5% to 0.67%). The organic matter is dominated by Type ΙΙ kerogen and is generally composed of liptinite and amorphous material with minor terrestrial input. Based on various biomarker parameters, the organic matter was most likely deposited under anoxic marine conditions. The mineralogical characteristics ( i.e. presence of brittle minerals) and organic geochemical properties ( i.e . TOC >2wt% and Type II kerogen) support the conclusion that the Pabdeh BSU displays a considerable shale oil potential where it attains appropriate thermal maturity.
Pabdeh Brown Shale Unit (BSU)是古近系Pabdeh组中的一种富有机质钙质泥岩,目前尚未对其进行详细的研究。选取了4口井166个岩心和岩屑样品,研究了BSU的有机地球化学和矿物组成,以及页岩油潜力。XRD结果表明,其主要成分为方解石(53wt.%)、粘土矿物(25wt.%)和石英(14wt.%)。TOC含量一般在1 ~ 9wt之间。%(平均4.2,2.9,5.2和3.3wt。%(分别为GS、KR、RR和RS井),HI值在400 ~ 650 mg HC/g TOC之间。根据tmax和镜质组反射率平均值以及饱和生物标志物比值可知,RR和RS井的BSU未成熟(范围为0.3 ~ 0.53%),而KR和GS井的BSU成熟度向北升高(范围为0.5% ~ 0.67%)。有机质以ΙΙ型干酪根为主,主要由岩质岩和无定形物质组成,陆源输入较少。综合各种生物标志物参数,有机质极有可能是在缺氧海洋条件下沉积的。矿物学特征(即脆性矿物的存在)和有机地球化学特征(即TOC bbb20 %,干酪根类型II)支持了Pabdeh BSU在达到适当热成熟度时显示出相当大的页岩油潜力的结论。
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引用次数: 4
Foraminifera of shallow and very shallow facies from the upper Eocene–lower Oligocene Kazandere Member, Soğucak Formation, Thrace Basin, northwest Turkey 土耳其西北色雷斯盆地Soğucak组始新世上部-渐新世下部Kazandre段浅层和极浅相有孔虫
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.1344/GEOLOGICAACTA2020.18.14
E. Sirel, T. Ayyıldız, A. Deveciler
The middle−upper Eocene to lower Oligocene Kazandere Limestone Member of the Sogucak Formation is widely represented in the Thrace Basin and rich in shallow-water marine foraminifera. Very shallow-water Priabonian facies described here include Borelis vonderschimitti, Borelis laxispira sp. nov., Chapmanina gassinensis, Chapmanina elongate sp. nov., Pfendericonusglobulus sp. nov., Orbitolites minimus,Coscinospira sp. Last occurrences of the aforementioned Priabonian species and first appearances of the shallow-water marine Rupelian species Nummulites fichteli, Nummulites vascus and Operculina complanata define the Eocene−Oligocene boundary in the new Kazandere Member at the northeast Thrace Basin.
Sogucak组始新世中上部至渐新世下部Kazandre石灰岩段在色雷斯盆地广泛分布,富含浅水海洋有孔虫。这里描述的非常浅水的普里abonian相包括Borelis vonderschimitti、Borelis laxipira sp.nov.、Chapmanina gassinensis、Chapmania细长sp.nov..、Pfendericonusglobulus sp.novs.、Orbitolites minimus、Coscinospira sp.上述普里abonion物种的最后出现和浅水海洋卢比安物种Nummulites fichteli的首次出现,瓦库斯Nummulites vascus和平坦Operculina complanata确定了色雷斯盆地东北部新卡赞德雷段的始新世-渐新世边界。
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引用次数: 2
The building stone of the Roman city of Lixus (NW Morocco): provenance, petrography and petrophysical characterization 罗马城市Lixus(摩洛哥西北部)的建筑石材:来源、岩石学和岩石物理特征
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.13
T. Ajanaf, D. G. Grás, A. Navarro, J. Martín‐Martín, Joan Ramon Rosell, A. Maate
The characterization of building materials is a key tool to assess deterioration processes and improve potential restoration works of archaeological sites. The aim of this paper is to identify and characterize the most important building stones used in the construction of the Roman city of Lixus (Larache, Morocco) by means of petrographic and petrophysical techniques. Based on the visual analysis of the monuments, three major building stones (i.e. lithotypes) have been identified: i) Oligocene sandstones, ii) Quaternary sandstones and iii) Quaternary conglomerates. Based on the analysis of the regional geology and exploitation marks, these three lithotypes have been recognised to crop out in the surroundings of Lixus and the quarries, presumably Roman in origin, recognized. The Oligocene sandstone is the primary building stone in Lixus as it forms and crops out extensively in the Tchemmis hill, at the top of which the city is settled. The Quaternary sandstones and conglomerates, which represent nearshore deposits and eolianites, crop out along the Atlantic coast where they form part of the cliffs next to Larache. Petrographic results indicate that lithotypes differ notably in grain size, ratio of detrital to allochemical components, and the configuration of their porous system. Mechanical analysis shows that the Oligocene sandstones are more resistant to compression than the Quaternary sandstones and conglomerates, the latter exhibiting relatively low compressive strength. The Oligocene sandstones, which display scarce porosity and permeability, show a hydric behaviour characterized by a very low degree of absorption and desorption water, likely resulting from a poor connectivity of the pore network. Contrary to the latter lithotype, the Quaternary sandstones, which exhibit very high porosity and permeability, display a hydric behaviour characterized by high degree of both absorption and desorption of water. This is attributed to the low degree of cementation compared to porosity of this lithotype and the excellent connectivity of the porous network. Finally, Oligocene and Quaternary sandstones do not show a significant weight loss after the accelerated artificial aging test, indicating that both are slightly affected by salt crystallization and presumably ice formation. Results indicate that the relatively fine state of conservation of the building rocks of Lixus is linked to intrinsic factors such as mineralogy and petrophysical characteristics together with the favourable effect of the climatic condition of the study area.
建筑材料的特性是评估考古遗址退化过程和改进潜在修复工作的关键工具。本文的目的是通过岩石学和岩石物理技术鉴定和表征罗马城市Lixus (Larache,摩洛哥)建筑中使用的最重要的建筑石材。根据遗迹的目视分析,确定了三种主要的建筑岩石类型:渐新统砂岩、第四纪砂岩和第四纪砾岩。通过对区域地质和开采标志的分析,确定了这三种岩型在雷克苏斯周围生长,并确定了可能起源于罗马的采石场。渐新世砂岩是Lixus的主要建筑石材,因为它在Tchemmis山上形成并广泛生长,而城市就坐落在Tchemmis山上。第四纪砂岩和砾岩,代表近岸沉积物和风成岩,沿着大西洋海岸出现,在那里它们形成了拉腊切附近悬崖的一部分。岩石学结果表明,不同类型的岩石在粒度、碎屑与异源化学成分的比例以及孔隙系统的形态等方面存在显著差异。力学分析表明,渐新统砂岩比第四纪砂岩和砾岩具有更强的抗压能力,第四纪砂岩和砾岩的抗压强度相对较低。渐新统砂岩的孔隙度和渗透率都很低,其吸水和解吸程度都很低,这可能是由于孔隙网络连通性差造成的。与后一种岩型相反,第四纪砂岩具有非常高的孔隙度和渗透率,表现出高度吸水和解吸的水行为。这是由于与这种岩型的孔隙度相比,胶结程度较低,而且多孔网络的连通性很好。渐新统和第四纪砂岩经人工加速老化试验后,均未表现出明显的重量损失,表明两者均受到盐结晶和可能的冰形成的轻微影响。结果表明,雷克苏斯地区建筑岩石保存较好,与矿物学和岩石物理特征等内在因素以及研究区气候条件的有利作用有关。
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引用次数: 6
Geometry and kinematics of the Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, South Spain): insights into its seismic potential 巴扎断层(西班牙南部贝提克山脉中部)的几何和运动学:对其地震潜力的洞察
IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2020-08-26 DOI: 10.1344/geologicaacta2020.18.11
I. Medina-Cascales, I. Martin-Rojas, F. García-Tortosa, J. Peláez, P. Alfaro
The geometry and kinematics of active faults have a significant impact on their seismic potential. In this work, a structural characterization of the active Baza Fault (central Betic Cordillera, southern Spain) combining surface and subsurface data is presented. Two sectors are defined based on their surface geometry: a northern sector striking N–S to NNW–SSE with a narrow damage zone and a southern sector striking NW–SE with a wide damage zone. A kinematic analysis shows pure normal fault kinematics along most of the fault. Geometric differences between the northern and southern sectors are caused by i) a heterogeneous basement controlling the fault geometry at depth and in the cover; ii) different orientations of the Baza Fault in the basement with respect to the regional extension direction and iii) interaction with other active faults. We use this structural characterization to analyse the segmentation of the Baza Fault. According to segmentation criteria, the entire Baza Fault should be considered a single fault seismogenic segment. Consequently, the seismic potential of the fault is defined for a complete rupture. Magnitude for the Mmax event is calculated using several scale relationships, obtaining values ranging between Mw 6.6 and Mw 7.1. Recurrence times range between approximately 2,000 and 2,200 years for Mmax events and between 5,300 and 5,400 years for palaeo-events. A geodetic scenario modelled for an Mmax event of Mw 6.7 shows permanent vertical displacements of more than 0.40m and an overall WSW–ENE extension during entire ruptures of the Baza Fault.
活动断层的几何形状和运动特性对其地震潜力有重要影响。在这项工作中,结合地表和地下资料,介绍了活跃的巴扎断层(西班牙南部贝提克山脉中部)的结构特征。根据其表面几何形状定义了两个扇区:北部扇区走向北向南至西北西sse,具有狭窄的破坏区,南部扇区走向西北西se,具有广泛的破坏区。运动学分析显示沿大部分断层为纯正断层运动学。南北段的几何差异是由以下原因造成的:(1)非均质基底控制了断层在深部和盖层的几何形状;2)巴扎断裂在基底的伸展方向与区域伸展方向不同;3)与其他活动断裂的相互作用。我们利用这一构造特征分析了巴扎断裂的分段。根据分割标准,整个巴扎断裂应视为一个单一的断层发震段。因此,断层的地震潜势被定义为完全破裂。Mmax事件的震级是使用几个尺度关系计算的,得到的值在Mw 6.6和Mw 7.1之间。Mmax事件的重复周期约为2000年至2200年,而古事件的重复周期约为5300年至5400年。模拟Mmax事件为6.7 Mw的大地测量情景显示,在整个巴扎断层破裂期间,永久垂直位移超过0.40m,整体WSW-ENE延伸。
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引用次数: 7
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Geologica Acta
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