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Citizen science reveals the establishment of Chamaesphecia empiformis (Esper) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), a long-lost biological control agent for Euphorbia cyparissias (Euphorbiaceae), in Ontario, Canada 公民科学揭示了在加拿大安大略省发现的一种遗失已久的大戟科(Euphorbia cyparissias)生物防治剂Chamaesphecia empiformis (Esper)(鳞翅目:大戟科)
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.17
Alec McClay, Robert S. Bourchier, Jean-François Landry, Catherine E. Morris, Ivo Toševski
Abstract The European root-boring moth, Chamaesphecia empiformis (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), was released in Ontario, Canada, in 1971 and 1989 as a biological control agent for the perennial invasive weed cypress spurge, Euphorbia cyparissias Linnaeus (Euphorbiaceae). Until recently, the moth was believed to have failed to establish. Beginning in 2015, images posted on citizen science platforms, including BugGuide, iNaturalist, and Facebook groups, indicated that C. empiformis was in fact established. We have confirmed its presence in eastern Ontario by morphological and molecular identification of field-collected adults and eggs. This may be the longest-known lapse between the release of a weed biological control agent and confirmation of its establishment. Citizen science may provide valuable records documenting the establishment and dispersal of biological control agents.
摘要:1971年和1989年,在加拿大安大略省释放了欧洲蛀根蛾Chamaesphecia empiformis(鳞翅目:雪蛾科),作为对多年生入侵杂草大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科大柏科植物的生物防治剂。直到最近,这种飞蛾才被认为没有立足。从2015年开始,在包括BugGuide、iNaturalist和Facebook群组在内的公民科学平台上发布的图像表明,事实上已经建立了C. empiformis。我们通过实地采集的成虫和卵的形态和分子鉴定证实了它在安大略省东部的存在。这可能是人们所知的从释放一种杂草生物防治剂到确认其建立之间最长的时间差。公民科学可以提供有价值的记录,记录生物防治剂的建立和扩散。
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引用次数: 0
A binomial sampling method for estimating the density of blueberry aphid, Ericaphis fimbriata (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in commercial highbush blueberry 用二项抽样法测定商品高丛蓝莓中蓝莓蚜密度
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.14
Yonathan Uriel, Paul K. Abram, Jason Thiessen, Michelle T. Franklin
Abstract An accurate and efficient sampling method is an important tool for insect pest management because it allows for consistent measurements across many samples. There are currently no proposed standardised sampling plans or spray thresholds for the aphid Ericaphis fimbriata Richards (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum Linnaeus) in British Columbia, Canada, despite it being the primary vector for blueberry scorch virus (BlScV). A standard sampling plan for this pest would allow for rapid and consistent measurements of aphid abundance in commercial fields and would allow for more detailed study of the relationship between aphid abundance, damage, and the spread of BlScV. Binomial sampling plans use the presence:absence of a pest within a sample unit to estimate the proportion of infested sample units. Pest density (proportion of measured samples with individuals present) is linked to abundance (number of individuals), and the relationship between these two measures can be modelled mathematically. In the present study, we collected data on aphid density and aphid abundance in six varieties of highbush blueberry grown in the Fraser Valley, British Columbia. These data were used to construct a distribution-free binomial model that, when given a measure of aphid density, can predict aphid abundance within a given sample.
一种准确、高效的采样方法是害虫管理的重要工具,因为它允许在许多样本中进行一致的测量。加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省高丛蓝莓(Vaccinium corymbosum Linnaeus)上的蚜虫(半翅目:蚜虫科)是蓝莓焦病毒(BlScV)的主要媒介,但目前还没有提出标准化的采样计划或喷雾阈值。这种害虫的标准抽样计划将允许快速和一致地测量商业领域的蚜虫数量,并允许更详细地研究蚜虫数量、损害和BlScV传播之间的关系。二项抽样计划使用样本单位内是否存在有害生物来估计受感染样本单位的比例。害虫密度(有个体存在的测量样本的比例)与丰度(个体数量)有关,这两个测量之间的关系可以用数学模型来模拟。在本研究中,我们收集了在不列颠哥伦比亚省弗雷泽河谷种植的6种高丛蓝莓的蚜虫密度和蚜虫丰度的数据。这些数据被用来构建一个无分布的二项模型,当给定蚜虫密度的测量时,可以预测给定样本内蚜虫的丰度。
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引用次数: 0
Capture of the oak ambrosia beetle within the host tree canopy 在宿主树冠内捕获橡树甲虫
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.20
Michimasa Yamasaki, Kenshiro Tatsumi, Yasuto Ito
Abstract Because bark and ambrosia beetles fly during their dispersal and host location processes, their flight height is important for assessing their host selection strategy. There is no consensus regarding the height of their dispersal flight in forests, and their method of approaching trees is unclear. This is also the case for Platypus quercivorus (Murayama) (Coleoptera: Platypodinae), which causes Japanese oak wilt by transporting a pathogenic fungus. To clarify the vertical distribution of the flying population of P. quercivorus inside the host tree canopy, interception traps were set up at heights of 1–9 m from the ground near the main trunk of eight host trees, Quercus serrata Thunberg (Fagaceae). Captured beetles were collected between July and October 2022. Hole-boring activities were observed on all trees during the season, and beetles were captured at all heights from 1 to 9 m. Beetle capture probability increased with a decrease in height, and the number of captured beetles increased with a decrease in distance from the main trunk. However, the trap design in this study could not capture individuals coming directly above and must be addressed to elucidate their method of approaching their host plant.
由于树皮甲虫和凤花甲虫在其散布和寄主定位过程中飞行,因此它们的飞行高度对评估它们的寄主选择策略很重要。关于它们在森林中分散飞行的高度没有共识,它们接近树木的方法也不清楚。这种情况也发生在Murayama鸭嘴兽(鞘翅目:鸭嘴兽科)身上,鸭嘴兽通过运输一种致病真菌导致日本橡树枯萎。为了明确栎科栎科栎(Quercus serrata Thunberg) 8株栎主树干附近离地面1 ~ 9 m高度的拦截器,确定了栎科栎在宿主树冠内的垂直分布。捕获的甲虫是在2022年7月至10月期间收集的。季节内所有树木均有钻孔活动,在1 ~ 9 m高度均捕获到甲虫。捕获甲虫的概率随高度的降低而增加,捕获甲虫的数量随距离主干道的减小而增加。然而,本研究中的诱捕器设计不能捕获直接来自上方的个体,必须阐明它们接近寄主植物的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Sublethal effects of fenoxycarb on female reproduction in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 苯醚威对棉铃虫雌性生殖的亚致死效应(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.18
Abouzar Izadpanah, Azam Mikani, Saeid Moharramipour
Abstract The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hünber) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous pest that causes severe damage to economical crops in most parts of the world. The juvenile hormone analogues are a group of insect growth regulators that increase larval ages and disrupt larval development. Moreover, they affect reproductive system in adult insects. In this study, the effects of sublethal doses of fenoxycarb on fecundity, fertility, and longevity parameters, as well as on oocyte size, ecdysteroid titer in ovaries, and expression level of the ultraspiracle ( USP ), ecdysone receptor ( EcR ), hormone receptor 3 ( HR 3), and vitellogenin ( Vg ) genes in adult female H. armigera , were examined. Feeding on artificial diet containing fenoxycarb (LC10 and LC25) significantly decreased the percentage of larval survival rate, pupation rate, pupal weight, fecundity, fertility, and oviposition period. It also clearly shortened female longevity. Fenoxycarb treatment suppressed the expression of the USP , EcR , and Vg genes in H. armigera but had no effect on the HR 3 gene expression level in either pupae or adults. Overall, our results show that using fenoxycarb as a juvenile hormone analogue can reduce reproduction in H. armigera and may work as an alternative to the use of insecticides for controlling this important agricultural pest.
摘要棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera, h nber)(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)是一种多食性害虫,在世界大部分地区对经济作物造成严重危害。幼虫激素类似物是一组昆虫生长调节剂,可以增加幼虫的年龄,破坏幼虫的发育。此外,它们还影响成虫的生殖系统。在这项研究中,研究了亚致死剂量的苯醚威对成年雌性棉铃虫的生殖力、生育力和寿命参数的影响,以及对卵母细胞大小、卵巢外泌激素滴度、超囊泡(USP)、外泌激素受体(EcR)、激素受体3 (hr3)和卵黄蛋白原(Vg)基因表达水平的影响。饲喂含有芬虫威(LC10和LC25)的人工饲料显著降低了幼虫成活率、化蛹率、蛹重、繁殖力、育性和产卵期。它也明显缩短了女性的寿命。苯醚威抑制了棉铃虫体内USP、EcR和Vg基因的表达,但对棉铃虫蛹和成虫体内hr3基因的表达水平没有影响。总之,我们的研究结果表明,使用苯醚威作为幼虫激素类似物可以减少棉铃虫的繁殖,并可能作为使用杀虫剂的替代品来控制这一重要的农业害虫。
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引用次数: 0
A new species of Cinara (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from Japan, and concomitant specimen data publication 标题日本蚜虫属一新种(半翅目:蚜虫科)及其标本资料发表
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.16
Catherine Hébert, Masakazu Sano, Colin Favret
Abstract Thirty-one species of Cinara Curtis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are recorded from Japan, including five that are undescribed. We here formally describe one of the five, Cinara stigmatica sp. nov. , from viviparous apterous females on two species of Abies Miller (Pinaceae). Morphological and molecular diagnoses are provided. Specimen data are simultaneously published in an open-access machine-readable format.
摘要在日本共记录到蠓31种(半翅目:蚜科),其中未描述的有5种。我们在这里正式描述了五种中的一种,Cinara stigmatica sp.十一月,来自两种冷杉(松科)的胎生无翼雌性。提供了形态学和分子诊断。标本数据以开放存取的机器可读格式同时发布。
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引用次数: 0
The establishment of the association between the Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and the parasitoid Istocheta aldrichi (Diptera: Tachinidae) in Québec, Canada 加拿大曲梅省日本甲虫(鞘翅目:金龟科)与拟寄生物石甲(双翅目:石甲科)关系的建立
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.22
Marie-Eve Gagnon, Josée Doyon, Simon Legault, Jacques Brodeur
Abstract We explored ecological aspects of the early establishment of the association between the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Newman) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), and the adult tachinid parasitoid, Istocheta aldrichi (Mesnil) (Diptera: Tachinidae), in the province of Québec, Canada. The Japanese beetle started its invasion in the late 1930s, whereas I. aldrichi was detected only in 2009. It is assumed that I. aldrichi spread in the province from its introduced range in the northeastern United States of America. Throughout the summer, we used baited traps in eight localities of southern Québec (2018–2019) and in 13 raspberry ( Rubus idaeus ) fields (2022) localised along a latitudinal gradient to describe the distribution and seasonal occurrence of both species and the parasitism rates of I. aldrichi . We also mapped observational data from the online platform iNaturalist to further describe the current distribution of both the host and its parasitoid. Results indicate that I. aldrichi is well spread in southern Québec and along the St. Lawrence River in most areas where the Japanese beetle is present. Parasitism mostly occurs from late June to mid-July, before the peak of Japanese beetle populations, and levels of total seasonal parasitism range from 3.9 to 27.3% across sampled sites. Together, trap captures and data from iNaturalist provide evidence that I. aldrichi is now established in most areas of the province of Québec where the Japanese beetle is present.
摘要本文探讨了在加拿大quacimbec省发现的日本甲虫Popillia japonica (Newman)(鞘翅目:金龟科)与成年速虫Istocheta aldrichi (Mesnil)(双翅目:速虫科)之间早期关联的生态学意义。日本甲虫于20世纪30年代末开始入侵,而阿尔德里奇瓢虫直到2009年才被发现。据推测,阿尔德里奇弧菌是从美国东北部引进的范围在该省传播的。整个夏季,我们分别在曲海省南部8个地点(2018-2019年)和沿纬度梯度分布的13个覆盆子(Rubus idaeus)地(2022年)使用诱捕器,描述了两种覆盆子的分布、季节发生情况和寄生率。我们还绘制了在线平台iNaturalist的观测数据,以进一步描述寄主及其寄生蜂的当前分布。结果表明,在日本甲虫存在的大部分地区,日本甲虫在曲海南部和圣劳伦斯河沿岸广泛分布。寄主主要发生在6月下旬至7月中旬,在日本甲虫种群高峰期之前,各样点的季节性总寄主水平在3.9 ~ 27.3%之间。捕集器的捕获和来自iNaturalist的数据一起提供了证据,证明在日本甲虫存在的曲海省的大多数地区,现在都发现了日本甲虫。
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引用次数: 0
“Strawberry fields forever”: flower-inhabiting thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) communities and their spatial interactions in strawberry agroecosystems in Québec, Canada, with first mention of pest Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) “永远的草莓田”:加拿大quacimbec草莓农业生态系统中花栖蓟马群落及其空间相互作用,首次提到害虫Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom)
4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.15
Morgane Canovas, Jean-Frédéric Guay, Valérie Fournier, Conrad Cloutier
Abstract Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) communities in agroecosystems are poorly known, particularly in Québec, Canada, where thrips can cause damage in strawberry crops. The phenology of anthophagous thrips and their use of cultivated and wildflower resources were monitored in strawberry agroecosystems, encompassing strawberry (Rosaceae) fields and adjacent uncultivated margins, on Orléans Island, Québec, Canada. A community comprised of 11 thrips species was described, dominated during the whole season by pest species Frankliniella tritici and F. intonsa , which is a first mention in Eastern Canada. Surprisingly, the major strawberry pest F. occidentalis was absent in our samples. Thrips species richness and abundance on wildflowers varied, with few flowering plant species supporting a majority of the community. Sampling sites and local wildflower presence influenced the thrips species assemblage observed on strawberry crops. Such a high thrips diversity was unexpected in this agroecosystem. The identified associations between pest thrips and wildflower species will be useful to develop better control programmes in strawberry crops.
摘要在农业生态系统中,人们对蓟马(蓟翅目:Thripidae)群落知之甚少,特别是在加拿大的quamesbec,那里的蓟马会对草莓作物造成损害。在加拿大quimenbec省orlsamans岛的草莓农业生态系统中,对草莓(蔷花科)田及其邻近的未开垦边缘进行了食蓟马物候及其对栽培和野花资源的利用监测。结果表明,该地区共有11种蓟马,在整个季节均以小麦富兰克林蓟马(Frankliniella tritici)和滇马蓟马(F. intonsa)为主要害虫,在加拿大东部地区尚属首次报道。令人惊讶的是,我们的样品中没有主要的草莓害虫西白蝇。蓟马的物种丰富度和对野花的丰富度存在差异,少数开花植物支持大部分群落。采样地点和当地野花的存在对草莓作物上观察到的蓟马种类组合有影响。如此高的蓟马多样性在该农业生态系统中是出乎意料的。已确定的害虫蓟马与野花物种之间的联系将有助于制定更好的草莓作物控制计划。
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引用次数: 0
Uma entrevista com Mônica Diuana Calasans Maia 采访monica Diuana Calasans Maia
IF 0.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-10 DOI: 10.14436/2358-2782.7.1.012-013.ENT
Jonathan R. Ribeiro
Nessa edição da JBCOMS, o Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial entrevista, a Profa. Dra. Mônica Diuana Calasans Maia, especialista e mestre em CTBMF pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), doutora em patologia pela Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), bolsista pesquisadora da FAPERJ, membro da rede de Bioengenharia do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e da Rede NanoSaúde. É Professora Titular da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFF, professora e ex-coordenadora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia da UFF, coordenadora do Laboratório de Experimentação Animal, do setor de histologia do Laboratório de Biotecnologia Aplicada e do Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Odontologia, todos da UFF.
在本期JBCOMS中,巴西口腔颌面外科和创伤学学院采访了博士。monica Diuana Calasans Maia,里约热内卢联邦大学(UFRJ) CTBMF专家和硕士,弗卢米南塞联邦大学(UFF)病理学博士,FAPERJ研究员,里约热内卢州生物工程网络和纳米健康网络成员。她是UFF牙科学院的全职教授,UFF牙科研究生项目的教授和前协调员,动物实验实验室的协调员,应用生物技术实验室的组织学部门和牙科临床研究实验室的协调员,所有UFF。
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引用次数: 0
An interview with Cauby Maia Chaves Junior Cauby Maia Chaves Junior访谈录
IF 0.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.14436/2675-486X.20.1.008-024.ENT
B. Furquim, C. Dal-Fabbro, L. Bittencourt, R. Rossi
Cauby Maia Chaves Junior
Cauby Maia Chaves Junior
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引用次数: 0
Uma entrevista com José Thiers Carneiro Júnior 采访jose Thiers Carneiro junior
IF 0.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.14436/2358-2782.6.3.012-014.ent
Jonathan R. Ribeiro
Conselheiro e Membro Titular do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial. » Docente do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). » Coordenador do programa de Residência em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial do Hospital Ophir Loyola. » Professor do Curso de Especialização em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Associação Brasileira de Odontologia - Seção Pará. » Fellow of International Association of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. » Doutor em Neurociências e Biologia Celular pela UFPA. » Mestre em Ciências Morfofuncionais pela Universidade de São Paulo. » Especialista em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial (SCM/SP - CBCTBMF). » Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Fellowship - Dalhousie University, Canadá.
巴西口腔颌面外科和创伤学学院顾问和正式成员。»para联邦大学(UFPA)牙科研究生项目讲师。»Ophir Loyola医院口腔颌面外科和创伤住院医师项目协调员。»巴西牙科协会(para)口腔颌面外科和创伤学专业课程教授。*国际口腔颌面外科协会会员。UFPA神经科学和细胞生物学博士。sao保罗大学形态功能科学硕士。»口腔颌面外科和创伤学专家(SCM/SP - CBCTBMF)。加拿大达尔豪斯大学口腔颌面外科奖学金。
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引用次数: 0
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Canadian Entomologist
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