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Binary fire hawks optimizer with deep learning driven non-invasive diabetes detection and classification. 二元火鹰优化器与深度学习驱动的无创糖尿病检测和分类。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_020
Namakkal Ramasamy Periasamy

Non-invasive diabetes detection refers to the utilization and development of technologies and methods that can monitor and diagnose diabetes without requiring invasive procedures, namely invasive glucose monitoring or blood sampling. The objective is to provide a more convenient and less burdensome approach to screening and management of diabetes. It is noteworthy that while non-invasive method offers promising avenues for diabetes detection, they frequently require validation through clinical studies and might have limitation in terms of reliability and accuracy than classical invasive approaches. In recent times, deep learning (DL) and feature selection (FS) are used to monitor and diagnose diabetes accurately without requiring invasive procedures. This technique combines the FS method with the DL algorithm for making accurate predictions and extracting relevant features from non-invasive data. This article introduces a new Binary Fire Hawks Optimizer with Deep Learning-Driven Non-Invasive Diabetes Detection and Classification (BFHODL-NIDDC) technique. The major intention of the BFHODL-NIDDC technique focuses on the involvement of non-invasive procedures for the detection of diabetes. In the BFHODL-NIDDC technique, data preprocessing is initially performed to preprocess the input data. Next, the BFHO algorithm chooses an optimal subset of features and improves the classifier results. For the identification of diabetes, multichannel convolutional bidirectional long short-term memory (MC-BLSTM) model is used. At last, the beetle antenna search (BAS) algorithm is used for the hyperparameter selection of the MC-BLSTM method which in turn enhances the detection performance of the MC-BLSTM model. A series of simulations were conducted on the diabetes dataset to assess the diabetes detection performance of the BFHODL-NIDDC technique. The experimental outcomes illustrated better performance of the BFHODL-NIDDC method over other recent approaches in terms of different metrics (Tab. 4, Fig. 9, Ref. 23). Keywords: diabetes, non-invasive detection, binary fire hawks optimizer, deep learning, hyperparameter tuning.

无创糖尿病检测是指利用和开发无需侵入性程序(即侵入性葡萄糖监测或血液采样)即可监测和诊断糖尿病的技术和方法。其目的是提供一种更方便、负担更轻的糖尿病筛查和管理方法。值得注意的是,虽然非侵入性方法为糖尿病检测提供了前景广阔的途径,但它们往往需要通过临床研究进行验证,而且与传统侵入性方法相比,在可靠性和准确性方面可能存在局限性。近来,深度学习(DL)和特征选择(FS)被用于在无需侵入性程序的情况下准确监测和诊断糖尿病。该技术将 FS 方法与 DL 算法相结合,可从非侵入性数据中进行准确预测并提取相关特征。本文介绍了一种新的二元火鹰优化器与深度学习驱动的无创糖尿病检测和分类(BFHODL-NIDDC)技术。BFHODL-NIDDC 技术的主要意图在于利用无创程序检测糖尿病。在 BFHODL-NIDDC 技术中,首先对输入数据进行预处理。接下来,BFHO 算法选择最佳特征子集,改进分类器结果。对于糖尿病的识别,采用了多通道卷积双向长短期记忆(MC-BLSTM)模型。最后,在 MC-BLSTM 方法的超参数选择中使用了甲虫天线搜索(BAS)算法,从而提高了 MC-BLSTM 模型的检测性能。为了评估 BFHODL-NIDDC 技术的糖尿病检测性能,对糖尿病数据集进行了一系列模拟。实验结果表明,就不同指标而言,BFHODL-NIDDC 方法的性能优于其他最新方法(表 4,图 9,参考文献 23)。关键词:糖尿病;无创检测;二元火鹰优化器;深度学习;超参数调整。
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引用次数: 0
Medication adherence: measurement methods and approaches. 坚持用药:测量方法和途径。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_40
Patricia Schnorrerova, Petra Matalova, Martin Wawruch

Medication adherence is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes, yet many patients struggle to follow their prescribed regimens, impacting patients, families, and healthcare systems. Measurement of adherence is vital for effective care planning and intervention. This review explores medication adherence challenges and measurement methods, including therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), medication event monitoring system (MEMS), analysis of adherence in insurance/pharmacy database, pill counts, and self-reports, each with its advantages and limitations.This review advocates a partnership-based approach to adherence, stressing standardized reporting and team-based care. Adherence is influenced by many factors such as complex regimens, packaging, patient perspectives, side effects. Effectively addressing these factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes. In summary, medication adherence is vital but complex. The article covers various adherence measurement methods to promote medication adherence as an important matter (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 91). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: medication adherence, adherence barriers, primary non-adherence, medication event monitoring system, pill count, self-report.

坚持用药对于获得最佳治疗效果至关重要,然而许多患者却难以坚持按处方用药,这对患者、家庭和医疗系统都造成了影响。对用药依从性的测量对于有效的护理计划和干预至关重要。本综述探讨了用药依从性面临的挑战和测量方法,包括治疗药物监测(TDM)、用药事件监测系统(MEMS)、保险/药房数据库中的依从性分析、药片计数和自我报告,每种方法都有其优势和局限性。服药依从性受许多因素的影响,如复杂的治疗方案、包装、患者观点、副作用等。有效解决这些因素对于改善患者的治疗效果至关重要。总之,坚持用药至关重要,但也很复杂。文章介绍了各种用药依从性测量方法,以促进用药依从性这一重要事项(表 5,图 2,参考文献 91)。Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: medication adherence, adherence barriers, primary non-adherence, medication event monitoring system, pill count, self-report.
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引用次数: 0
Genetic factors affecting susceptibility to dental caries. 影响龋齿易感性的遗传因素。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_98
Ladislava Slobodnikova, Andrej Ivan Halasa, Sarah Kalmanova, Bruno Calkovsky, Rastislav Juricek, Igor Malachovsky, Vanda Repiska, Maria Skerenova, Maria Janickova

Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic, oral biofilm-associated disease affecting majority of the globe's population in all age categories. Despite enormous and revolutionary progress in omics technologies, it´s aetiology is not fully understood. The interest of current research is primarily focused on the identification and understanding of the crosstalk between main players such as host cell genome, oral microbiome´s genome, factors of immune response, saliva content and nutrition. For accurate, multi-omix analyses, it is essential to know which patient´s genes enter into crucial interactions. Identifying genes and understanding the mechanism of their action is the key for deeper understanding of their involvement in the pathogenesis of this disease. Serious alterations of these genes should be consequently used as markers to determine the extent of genetic predisposition to dental caries and identify susceptible patients. That should significantly improve the prevention, diagnostic and therapy of the disease with an individual approach and provide more efficient and effective implementation of newer preventive measures and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. This review focuses on contemporary evidence on genetics factors affecting dental caries and to provide an up-to-date comprehensive description and classification of the genes and their alterations influencing the disease. It also aims to delineate and discuss evidence gaps and potential novel applications of genetics in the context of recent advances (Tab. 2, Ref. 113). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: dental caries, candidate gene, genetic variation, multifactorial disease.

龋齿仍然是最普遍的口腔生物膜相关慢性疾病,影响着全球各年龄段的大多数人口。尽管全息技术取得了巨大的革命性进展,但人们对其病因仍不完全了解。目前的研究兴趣主要集中在识别和了解宿主细胞基因组、口腔微生物组基因组、免疫反应因素、唾液含量和营养等主要因素之间的相互影响。要进行准确的多混合分析,就必须知道哪些患者基因参与了关键的相互作用。确定基因并了解其作用机制是深入了解其参与该疾病发病机制的关键。因此,这些基因的严重改变应被用作确定龋齿遗传易感性程度和识别易感患者的标记。这将大大提高龋齿的预防、诊断和治疗水平,并为龋齿的治疗提供更有效的预防措施和新的治疗方法。这篇综述重点关注影响龋齿的遗传因素的当代证据,并对影响龋齿的基因及其改变进行最新的全面描述和分类。本综述还旨在结合最新进展,划分并讨论证据差距和遗传学的潜在新应用(参考文献113,表2)。Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: dental caries, candidate gene, genetic variation, multifactorial disease.
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the complexities of developing a classification of esophagogastric junction tumors suitable for preoperative setting. 探索适合术前设置的食管胃交界处肿瘤分类的复杂性。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_015
Petr Lochman

Despite the worldwide decrease in the incidence of gastric cancer, the proportion of occurrence of carcinomas of the esophagogastric junction and proximal third of stomach is on the rise. The cause of this development is believed to lie in an increasing incidence of reflux esophagitis with Barrett´s metaplasia and successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. The aim of this work is to present various views on the definition of the esophagogastric junction itself and to give an overview of tumor classification schemes being used (Fig. 2, Ref. 54). Keywords: gastric cancer, esophagogastric junction, definition, classification.

尽管胃癌的发病率在全球范围内有所下降,但食管胃交界处和胃近三分之一部位的癌变比例却在上升。据信,这种发展的原因在于反流性食管炎伴巴雷特化生的发病率不断上升,以及幽门螺杆菌感染的成功根除。本文旨在介绍有关食管胃交界处本身定义的各种观点,并概述目前使用的肿瘤分类方案(图 2,参考文献 54)。关键词:胃癌、食管胃交界处、定义、分类。
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引用次数: 0
A novel marker for prediabetic conditions: Uric acid-to-HDL cholesterol ratio. 糖尿病前期症状的新型标记物:尿酸与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比率。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2023_130
Sumeyye Buse Balci, Burcin Meryem Atak, Tuba Duman, Feyza Nihal Ozkul, Gulali Aktas

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify a parameter that can facilitate the diagnosis of prediabetes and predict the likelihood of its development in individuals at high risk.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the study population was selected from Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital's patients. Participants were divided into two groups, prediabetes and healthy group. We excluded individuals with certain conditions or taking certain medications. The study compared the ratios of uric acid to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) between the two groups and identified the optimal point of differentiation.

Results: The study analyzed data from 228 individuals, including 125 with prediabetes and 103 healthy controls. Those with prediabetes had a significantly higher median UHR (0.13 (0.07-0.24) %) compared to healthy individuals (0.09 (0.05-0.16) %) (p < 0.001). Higher UHR values were associated with a greater risk of prediabetes. A UHR cut-off points greater than 0.11 % had a sensitivity of 74 % and specificity of 69 % in detecting prediabetes.

Conclusion: The study provides evidence that UHR can serve as a practical and valuable diagnostic and screening tool for prediabetes (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 23). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: serum uric acid, HDL cholesterol, UHR, prediabetes.

研究目的本研究的目的是确定一个有助于诊断糖尿病前期和预测高危人群糖尿病发展可能性的参数:在这项回顾性研究中,研究对象选自博卢阿班特-伊扎特-拜萨尔大学医院的患者。参与者被分为两组,即糖尿病前期组和健康组。我们排除了患有某些疾病或正在服用某些药物的人。研究比较了两组患者尿酸与高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的比率,并确定了最佳区分点:研究分析了 228 人的数据,其中包括 125 名糖尿病前期患者和 103 名健康对照者。与健康人(0.09 (0.05-0.16) %)相比,糖尿病前期患者的 UHR 中位数(0.13 (0.07-0.24) %)明显更高(p < 0.001)。UHR 值越高,患糖尿病前期的风险越大。在检测糖尿病前期方面,UHR 临界点大于 0.11 % 的灵敏度为 74 %,特异度为 69 %:本研究提供的证据表明,UHR 可作为诊断和筛查糖尿病前期的实用且有价值的工具(表 2,图 1,参考文献 23)。Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: serum uric acid, HDL cholesterol, UHR, prediabetes.
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引用次数: 0
Extremely rare complication in high-risk newborn on long-term parenteral nutrition and large stool losses through ileostomy. 在长期接受肠外营养并通过回肠造口术丢失大量粪便的高危新生儿中极为罕见的并发症。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_87
Barbora Gogolova-Bujnova, Jana Brucknerova, Ingrid Brucknerova

Aim: To analyse postnatal characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings, results of investigations in the newborn (25 gestational weeks; Apgar score: 6/9 points; born per caesarean section; birth weight: 600 g; birth length: 31 cm; head circumference: 21 cm) from the first high-risk pregnancy with acquired form of acrodermatitis enteropathica.

Results: After summarizing the clinical picture with laboratory findings, we analysed the components of parenteral nutrition with regard to the deficiency of trace elements and vitamins. The zinc depletion dominated.

Conclusion: The diagnosis is clinical, based on the presence of a typical clinical picture together with a low serum zinc concentration. Standard preparations with elementary elements do not sufficiently cover the daily needs of children, other possibilities of supplementation in intravenous form are not available. It is necessary to supplement zinc in premature children, in children with high losses of zinc (with diarrhoea, in patients with a stoma, in patients with severe skin disease) (Fig. 4, Ref. 15).

目的:分析首次高危妊娠合并获得性肠病性肢皮炎新生儿(孕周:25;Apgar 评分:6/9 分;剖腹产;出生体重:600 克;出生身长:31 厘米;头围:21 厘米)的产后特征、临床和实验室检查结果:结果:在对临床症状和实验室结果进行总结后,我们分析了肠外营养中微量元素和维生素的缺乏情况。结论:诊断是以临床为依据的:结论:临床诊断的依据是典型的临床表现和低血清锌浓度。含有基本元素的标准制剂不足以满足儿童的日常需要,也没有其他静脉补充剂。对于早产儿和锌丢失较多的儿童(腹泻患者、造口患者、严重皮肤病患者),有必要补充锌元素(图 4,参考文献 15)。
{"title":"Extremely rare complication in high-risk newborn on long-term parenteral nutrition and large stool losses through ileostomy.","authors":"Barbora Gogolova-Bujnova, Jana Brucknerova, Ingrid Brucknerova","doi":"10.4149/BLL_2024_87","DOIUrl":"10.4149/BLL_2024_87","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyse postnatal characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings, results of investigations in the newborn (25 gestational weeks; Apgar score: 6/9 points; born per caesarean section; birth weight: 600 g; birth length: 31 cm; head circumference: 21 cm) from the first high-risk pregnancy with acquired form of acrodermatitis enteropathica.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After summarizing the clinical picture with laboratory findings, we analysed the components of parenteral nutrition with regard to the deficiency of trace elements and vitamins. The zinc depletion dominated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diagnosis is clinical, based on the presence of a typical clinical picture together with a low serum zinc concentration. Standard preparations with elementary elements do not sufficiently cover the daily needs of children, other possibilities of supplementation in intravenous form are not available. It is necessary to supplement zinc in premature children, in children with high losses of zinc (with diarrhoea, in patients with a stoma, in patients with severe skin disease) (Fig. 4, Ref. 15).</p>","PeriodicalId":55328,"journal":{"name":"Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) as a predictor of atrial fibrillation development after coronary artery bypass surgery. 二尖瓣环平面收缩期偏移(MAPSE)作为冠状动脉搭桥手术后心房颤动发生的预测指标。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_78
Cemal Koseoglu, Can Ramazan Oncel, Goksel Dagasan, Ali Coner, Ozgur Akkaya

Objective: To predict the possibility of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) with mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) measurement, which is a cheap, reproducible echocardiographic method and to monitor these patients more closely and to evaluate them more effectively postoperatively.

Material and methods: 247 patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass surgery were evaluated and 200 patients were included in the study.The enrolled patients were classified into the two groups according to the occurrence of postoperative AF or maintained sinus rhythm after coronary artery bypass surgery (normal sinus rhythm [NSR] group vs. AF group).The clinical and demographic data of all the patients were recorded on admission. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed prior to elective surgery.

Results: Postoperative new onset AF occurred in 37 (18.5%) patients. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis carried out after the formation of the model based on the parameters related to AF development, the relationships with white blood cell count, LAd and MAPSE were observed to be prevalent.When MAPSE, which is a parameter used to predict the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation, was compared in the ROC analysis, the area under the curve was found to be 0.831, 95% CI lower-95% CI upper (0.761-0.901) (p<0.001).The distinguishing MAPSE value in predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation development was found to be 11.6 (sensitivity: 90%, specificity: 81%).

Conclusions: We showed that MAPSE could play a role in determining postoperative atrial fibrillation development after coronary artery bypass surgery (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 28).

目的通过二尖瓣环平面收缩期偏移(MAPSE)测量这种廉价、可重复的超声心动图方法预测术后房颤(AF)的可能性,并对这些患者进行更密切的监测和更有效的术后评估。根据冠状动脉搭桥术后出现房颤或维持窦性心律的情况,将入选患者分为两组(正常窦性心律[NSR]组与房颤组)。在择期手术前进行了二维经胸超声心动图(TTE)检查:结果:37 例(18.5%)患者术后出现新发房颤。在根据房颤发生相关参数建立模型后进行的多变量逻辑回归分析中,观察到与白细胞计数、LAd 和 MAPSE 的关系普遍存在。当在 ROC 分析中比较用于预测术后房颤发生的参数 MAPSE 时,发现其曲线下面积为 0.831,95% CI 下限-95% CI 上限(0.761-0.901)(pConclusions:我们的研究表明,MAPSE 可在冠状动脉搭桥术后心房颤动的发生中起决定作用(表 2,图 2,参考文献 28)。
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引用次数: 0
Distal pancreatectomy. 胰腺远端切除术
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_36
Martin Vojtko, Kristina Cmarkova, Miroslav Pindura, Blazej Palkoci, Roman Kycina, Lenka Nosakova, Marek Vojtko, Peter Banovcin, Juraj Miklusica

Ntroduction: Distal pancreatectomy is a standard surgical procedure for selected benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions localized in the pancreatic body or tail. Surgical resection remains the only curative option for patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Patients and methods: Perioperative and postoperative clinical courses were retrospectively assessed in patients, who underwent distal pancreatectomy during the 2011‒2021 period.

Results: During the 2011‒2021 period, a total of 112 distal pancreatectomies were performed. 67 patients (59.8%) underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy, and 45 patients (40.2%) open laparotomy. The conversion was necessary for 13 patients (11.6%). Distal pancreatectomies performed laparoscopically were associated more often with biochemical leak and the development of grade B fistula, on the other hand grade C fistula developed only in patients operated by open laparotomy (LPT). The mean operating time was slightly longer in the laparoscopic group (227.1 min vs 214.6 min). The mean estimated blood loss was significantly higher in the LPT group (540.4 ml vs 191.9 ml). The mean hospitalization time was slightly longer in the LPT group (11.8 days vs 9.3 days). The rates of early reoperations were comparable between both groups (6 vs 5).

Conclusion: Laparoscopic techniques are preferred in centers around the world to bring patients benefits by using a minimally invasive approach. These techniques are also preferred in our center, in nearly 60% of all distal pancreatectomies performed during 10 years, but on the other hand, there is a much more careful approach chosen in cases of malignant disease to achieve adequate radicality (Tab.4, Ref. 20).

简介:胰腺远端切除术是针对胰腺体或胰尾局部良性、恶性和恶性病变的标准手术方法。手术切除仍是确诊为胰腺腺癌患者的唯一治愈选择:对2011-2021年间接受胰腺远端切除术的患者的围手术期和术后临床过程进行回顾性评估:结果:2011-2021年间,共进行了112例远端胰腺切除术。67名患者(59.8%)接受了腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术,45名患者(40.2%)接受了开腹手术。13名患者(11.6%)需要进行转换手术。腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术更常见于生化渗漏和 B 级瘘管的形成,而只有开腹手术(LPT)患者才会形成 C 级瘘管。腹腔镜手术组的平均手术时间稍长(227.1 分钟对 214.6 分钟)。腹腔镜手术组的平均估计失血量明显更高(540.4 毫升对 191.9 毫升)。LPT 组的平均住院时间略长(11.8 天 vs 9.3 天)。两组的早期再手术率相当(6 vs 5):结论:腹腔镜技术是全球各中心的首选,通过微创方法为患者带来益处。在我们中心,10 年间近 60% 的胰腺远端切除术也首选腹腔镜技术,但另一方面,在恶性疾病病例中,为了达到足够的根治效果,我们选择了更为谨慎的方法(表 4,参考文献 20)。
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引用次数: 0
The ROX, shock and diastolic shock indexes in the prediction of mortality in COVID-19. COVID-19中预测死亡率的ROX、休克和舒张性休克指数。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_76
Serdal Ates, Mehmet Okumus, Erdal Demirtas, Yahya Kemal Gunaydin, Sertac Guler

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the role of Respiratory Rate Oxygenation (ROX), shock, and diastolic shock indexes ​​in predicting mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted to the emergency department.

Background: The COVID-19 spread worldwide in a short time and caused a major pandemic. The ROX, shock, and diastolic shock indexes are used in various life-threatening clinical situations. The use of these indexes in triage at emergency departments can accelerate the determination of COVID-19 patients' severity.

Methods: The ROX, shock and diastolic shock indices were calculated and recorded. Patients were divided into three groups; 1) who were discharged from the hospital, 2) who were admitted to the hospital and 3) who were admitted to the intensive care unit.

Results: Increased diastolic shock index and decreased ROX index were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. In the prediction of mortality, the sensitivity and specificity of the diastolic shock index were 61.2% and 60.8%, respectively. However, the sensitivity and specificity of ROX index was 73.1% and 71.5%, respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that the ROX index had higher sensitivity and specificity than other indexes in predicting mortality in the evaluation of COVID-19 patients (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 18).

研究目的本研究旨在确定呼吸频率氧合(ROX)、休克和舒张性休克指数在预测急诊科收治的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)患者死亡率中的作用:背景:COVID-19病毒在短时间内蔓延全球,并引发了一场大流行。ROX、休克和舒张性休克指数被用于各种危及生命的临床情况。在急诊科分诊时使用这些指数可加快确定 COVID-19 患者的严重程度:方法:计算并记录 ROX、休克和舒张性休克指数。将患者分为三组:1)出院患者;2)住院患者;3)入住重症监护室患者:结果发现,舒张性休克指数升高和 ROX 指数降低是死亡率的独立危险因素。在预测死亡率方面,舒张性休克指数的敏感性和特异性分别为 61.2% 和 60.8%。然而,ROX指数的敏感性和特异性分别为73.1%和71.5%:总之,在对 COVID-19 患者进行评估时,我们发现 ROX 指数在预测死亡率方面比其他指数具有更高的敏感性和特异性(表 3,图 2,参考文献 18)。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical utility of biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma. 肝细胞癌生物标志物的临床实用性。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4149/BLL_2024_016
Abdul Fatawu Mohammed, Xu Chen, Chengbin Li

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common forms of cancer significantly affecting the mortality and morbidity rates. The increasing incidence of HCC is a great concern across the globe. The current methods of HCC screening, detection and diagnosis depend mainly on imaging techniques. However, biomarkers represent a relatively easy and noninvasive way to detect and estimate the disease prognosis. New potential biomarkers such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), des‑γ‑carboxyprothrombin (DCP), α-fetoprotein L3 (AFP-L3), glypican 3 (GCP3), micro-RNA, and Golgi-protein 73 (GP73) are being used more often in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. The lack of prudent diagnostic measures makes early detection of HCC nearly impossible. The use of biomarkers to detect cancer has helped to screen for the disease. However, the most commonly used biomarkers for HCC have inadequate performance characteristics. Despite numerous efforts to identify molecules as potential biomarkers, there is no single ideal marker for HCC. In this paper the main biomarkers for the surveillance, diagnosis and prognosis of HCC are reviewed. The advantages and limitations of these biomarkers are summarized, and the future development directions are proposed (Tab. 1, Ref. 30). Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, biomarkers, AFP, DCP, diagnosis.

肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的癌症之一,严重影响死亡率和发病率。肝细胞癌发病率的不断上升引起了全球的高度关注。目前筛查、检测和诊断 HCC 的方法主要依赖于成像技术。然而,生物标志物是一种相对简便、无创的检测和评估疾病预后的方法。α-胎儿蛋白(AFP)、去γ-羧基凝血酶原(DCP)、α-胎儿蛋白 L3(AFP-L3)、糖蛋白 3(GCP3)、微小核糖核酸(micro-RNA)和球蛋白 73(GP73)等新的潜在生物标志物正越来越多地被用于 HCC 的诊断和预后。由于缺乏审慎的诊断措施,早期发现 HCC 几乎是不可能的。使用生物标记物检测癌症有助于筛查这种疾病。然而,最常用的 HCC 生物标记物的性能特征并不完善。尽管人们在确定潜在生物标志物分子方面做出了许多努力,但目前还没有一种理想的 HCC 标志物。本文回顾了用于监测、诊断和预后 HCC 的主要生物标志物。总结了这些生物标记物的优势和局限性,并提出了未来的发展方向(表 1,参考文献 30)。关键词:肝细胞癌、生物标志物、AFP、DCP、诊断。
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引用次数: 0
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Bratislava Medical Journal-Bratislavske Lekarske Listy
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