Pub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101269
Catherine H. Marshall , Emmanuel S. Antonarakis , Mrinal M. Patnaik
While radiotherapeutics have demonstrated significant clinical benefit across multiple cancer types including thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and prostate cancer, hematological toxicities can be frequent and challenging. It remains unknown to what extent the hematologic toxicity is driven by clonal processes that preexist and are selected for by treatment induced selection pressures. In this review, we discuss the background leading to the adoption of radiotherapeutics in the treatment of solid tumor malignancies, the risk of hematologic toxicities and myeloid neoplasms and the evidence pointing to potential precursor lesions that may predispose patients to hematologic toxicities. Additionally, we discuss how prevalent clonal hematopoiesis is among patients with solid tumor malignancies and suggest workflows for patients with cytopenias or clonal hematopoiesis who are receiving or have received radiotherapeutic agents.
{"title":"Radiotherapeutics, clonal hematopoiesis, and risk of hematologic malignancies: The good, the bad, the ugly","authors":"Catherine H. Marshall , Emmanuel S. Antonarakis , Mrinal M. Patnaik","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While radiotherapeutics have demonstrated significant clinical benefit across multiple cancer types including thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and prostate cancer, hematological toxicities can be frequent and challenging. It remains unknown to what extent the hematologic toxicity is driven by clonal processes that preexist and are selected for by treatment induced selection pressures. In this review, we discuss the background leading to the adoption of radiotherapeutics in the treatment of solid tumor malignancies, the risk of hematologic toxicities and myeloid neoplasms and the evidence pointing to potential precursor lesions that may predispose patients to hematologic toxicities. Additionally, we discuss how prevalent clonal hematopoiesis is among patients with solid tumor malignancies and suggest workflows for patients with cytopenias or clonal hematopoiesis who are receiving or have received radiotherapeutic agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101258
Danielle Guy , Robert Bagnall , Rebecca L. Morgan , Ifeoluwa Babatunde , Agathe Nevière , Gabriela Friedrich , Liga Bennetts , Omar Irfan , Isaac Odame
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Impact of transcranial Doppler screening on stroke prevention in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis” [Blood Reviews (2024) 101253]","authors":"Danielle Guy , Robert Bagnall , Rebecca L. Morgan , Ifeoluwa Babatunde , Agathe Nevière , Gabriela Friedrich , Liga Bennetts , Omar Irfan , Isaac Odame","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101258"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101257
Junyang Mei , Feng Jiao , Yiping Li , Jiujie Cui , Haiyan Yang , Liwei Wang
Cancer therapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CT-IT) is one of the most common hematological toxicities of anti-cancer therapy, often leading to treatment dose reduced, postponed, or treatment plans altered or even discontinued. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is the only key regulatory factor in platelet production, and TPO receptor is considered an ideal target for the treatment of thrombocytopenia. Thrombopoietic agents, including recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) and thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), bind to different regions of the TPO receptor, activating downstream signaling pathways to increase platelet levels. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of thrombopoietic agents in the management of CT-IT. These agents can reduce bleeding risk, decrease platelet transfusions, and maintain relative dose intensity (RDI) of anti-cancer treatments. This article provides a review of the current progress in the application of thrombopoietic agents for CT-IT management.
{"title":"Application of thrombopoietic agents in cancer therapy-induced thrombocytopenia: A comprehensive review","authors":"Junyang Mei , Feng Jiao , Yiping Li , Jiujie Cui , Haiyan Yang , Liwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer therapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CT-IT) is one of the most common hematological toxicities of anti-cancer therapy, often leading to treatment dose reduced, postponed, or treatment plans altered or even discontinued. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is the only key regulatory factor in platelet production, and TPO receptor is considered an ideal target for the treatment of thrombocytopenia. Thrombopoietic agents, including recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) and thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), bind to different regions of the TPO receptor, activating downstream signaling pathways to increase platelet levels. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of thrombopoietic agents in the management of CT-IT. These agents can reduce bleeding risk, decrease platelet transfusions, and maintain relative dose intensity (RDI) of anti-cancer treatments. This article provides a review of the current progress in the application of thrombopoietic agents for CT-IT management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101257"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101256
Tingting Yue , Yue Sun , Yun Dai , Fengyan Jin
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable and patients eventually face the relapse/refractory dilemma. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted immunotherapeutic approaches have shown great effectiveness in patients with relapsed/refractory MM, mainly including chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), bispecific T cell engagers (TCEs), and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). However, their impact on long-term survival remains to be determined. Nonetheless, resistance to these novel therapies is still inevitable, raising a challenge that we have never met in both laboratory research and clinical practice. In this scenario, the investigation aiming to enhance and prolong the anti-MM activity of BCMA-targeted therapies has been expanding rapidly. Despite considerable uncertainty in our understanding of the mechanisms for their resistance, they have mainly been attributed to antigen-dependency, T cell-driven factors, and (immune) tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms for resistance to BCMA-targeted immunotherapies and discuss potential strategies for overcoming it.
{"title":"Mechanisms for resistance to BCMA-targeted immunotherapies in multiple myeloma","authors":"Tingting Yue , Yue Sun , Yun Dai , Fengyan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable and patients eventually face the relapse/refractory dilemma. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted immunotherapeutic approaches have shown great effectiveness in patients with relapsed/refractory MM, mainly including chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), bispecific T cell engagers (TCEs), and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). However, their impact on long-term survival remains to be determined. Nonetheless, resistance to these novel therapies is still inevitable, raising a challenge that we have never met in both laboratory research and clinical practice. In this scenario, the investigation aiming to enhance and prolong the anti-MM activity of BCMA-targeted therapies has been expanding rapidly. Despite considerable uncertainty in our understanding of the mechanisms for their resistance, they have mainly been attributed to antigen-dependency, T cell-driven factors, and (immune) tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms for resistance to BCMA-targeted immunotherapies and discuss potential strategies for overcoming it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101256"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101251
Geoffrey Shouse
Bispecific antibody therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies. There are currently 7 FDA approved products with 4 different targets covering 5 indications in 4 diseases. Products include blinatumomab targeting B-cell ALL in MRD detectable first remission and in relapsed and/or refractory disease, elranatamab and teclistamab targeting BCMA in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, talquetamab targeting GPCR5D in multiple myeloma, and mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab and glofitamab which all target CD20 in follicular lymphoma, both follicular and large B cell lymphoma, or large B cell lymphoma alone, respectively. Each product utilizes the strategy of T-cell redirection by binding CD3 on the effector cell to target immune cells toward a tumor associated antigen. There are overlapping toxicities related to activation of the immune system and inflammation. The role of these agents in earlier lines of therapy and in novel combinations are under heavy investigation and their full utility and benefit in the treatment of hematologic malignancies is yet to be fully realized.
{"title":"Bispecific antibodies for the treatment of hematologic malignancies: The magic is T-cell redirection","authors":"Geoffrey Shouse","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bispecific antibody therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies. There are currently 7 FDA approved products with 4 different targets covering 5 indications in 4 diseases. Products include blinatumomab targeting B-cell ALL in MRD detectable first remission and in relapsed and/or refractory disease, elranatamab and teclistamab targeting BCMA in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, talquetamab targeting GPCR5D in multiple myeloma, and mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab and glofitamab which all target CD20 in follicular lymphoma, both follicular and large B cell lymphoma, or large B cell lymphoma alone, respectively. Each product utilizes the strategy of T-cell redirection by binding CD3 on the effector cell to target immune cells toward a tumor associated antigen. There are overlapping toxicities related to activation of the immune system and inflammation. The role of these agents in earlier lines of therapy and in novel combinations are under heavy investigation and their full utility and benefit in the treatment of hematologic malignancies is yet to be fully realized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101252
Jente M. Schoenaker , Vivianne S. Nelson , Jannie G.E. Henderickx , Elisabeth M. Terveer , A.J. Gerard Jansen , Leendert Porcelijn , Tanja Netelenbos , Martin R. Schipperus , Rick Kapur
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by enhanced platelet destruction and impaired platelet production, due to a loss of immune tolerance that leads to targeting of platelets and megakaryocytes by glycoprotein-autoantibodies and/or cytotoxic T cells. There is a high degree of heterogeneity in ITP patients signified by unpredictable disease trajectories and treatment responses. Initial studies in humans have identified intestinal microbiota perturbance in ITP. Recently, gut microbial perturbance has been linked to other autoimmune diseases. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that intestinal microbiota may influence ITP pathophysiology through several mechanisms, including induction of platelet-autoantibody production, increasing complement-dependent platelet cytotoxicity, disturbing T cell homeostasis, impairing megakaryocyte function, and increasing platelet-desialylation and -clearance. The pathophysiological heterogeneity of ITP may, at least in part, be attributed to a perturbed intestinal microbiota. Therefore, a better understanding of intestinal microbiota in ITP may result in a more personalized therapeutic approach.
{"title":"The intestinal flora: The key to unraveling heterogeneity in immune thrombocytopenia?","authors":"Jente M. Schoenaker , Vivianne S. Nelson , Jannie G.E. Henderickx , Elisabeth M. Terveer , A.J. Gerard Jansen , Leendert Porcelijn , Tanja Netelenbos , Martin R. Schipperus , Rick Kapur","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by enhanced platelet destruction and impaired platelet production, due to a loss of immune tolerance that leads to targeting of platelets and megakaryocytes by glycoprotein-autoantibodies and/or cytotoxic T cells. There is a high degree of heterogeneity in ITP patients signified by unpredictable disease trajectories and treatment responses. Initial studies in humans have identified intestinal microbiota perturbance in ITP. Recently, gut microbial perturbance has been linked to other autoimmune diseases. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that intestinal microbiota may influence ITP pathophysiology through several mechanisms, including induction of platelet-autoantibody production, increasing complement-dependent platelet cytotoxicity, disturbing T cell homeostasis, impairing megakaryocyte function, and increasing platelet-desialylation and -clearance. The pathophysiological heterogeneity of ITP may, at least in part, be attributed to a perturbed intestinal microbiota. Therefore, a better understanding of intestinal microbiota in ITP may result in a more personalized therapeutic approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101252"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101253
Danielle Guy , Robert Bagnall , Rebecca L. Morgan , Ifeoluwa Babatunde , Agathe Nevière , Gabriela Friedrich , Liga Bennetts , Omar Irfan , Isaac Odame
Background
Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have increased stroke risk, identifiable by elevated velocities on transcranial Doppler (TCD). This review assessed the impact of TCD screening on stroke, mortality, quality of life and morbidity in children with SCD.
Methods
A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane libraries, and trial registries was conducted from inception to 28th February 2023. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised studies (NRS) were included. A meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were performed.
Findings
Nine studies were included in the review. In one RCT, initiating chronic blood transfusion in children with abnormal TCD velocities reduced stroke risk by 92 %, while no deaths were reported. Pooled results from three NRS indicated TCD screening leads to four fewer strokes per 1000 patients annually. No studies analysing morbidity nor quality of life were identified.
Interpretation
TCD screening may decrease the risk of stroke in patients with SCD.
{"title":"Impact of transcranial Doppler screening on stroke prevention in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Danielle Guy , Robert Bagnall , Rebecca L. Morgan , Ifeoluwa Babatunde , Agathe Nevière , Gabriela Friedrich , Liga Bennetts , Omar Irfan , Isaac Odame","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have increased stroke risk, identifiable by elevated velocities on transcranial Doppler (TCD). This review assessed the impact of TCD screening on stroke, mortality, quality of life and morbidity in children with SCD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane libraries, and trial registries was conducted from inception to 28th February 2023. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised studies (NRS) were included. A meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Nine studies were included in the review. In one RCT, initiating chronic blood transfusion in children with abnormal TCD velocities reduced stroke risk by 92 %, while no deaths were reported. Pooled results from three NRS indicated TCD screening leads to four fewer strokes per 1000 patients annually. No studies analysing morbidity nor quality of life were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>TCD screening may decrease the risk of stroke in patients with SCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101250
Hiroki Goto , Yoshioki Shiraishi , Seiji Okada
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) involves combining a cytotoxic radionuclide with an antibody (Ab) targeting a tumor antigen. Compared with conventional therapies, RIT improves the therapeutic efficacy of Ab and ameliorates toxicity. This comprehensive review describes the current advancements and future prospects in RIT for treating hematologic malignancies based on recent investigations. Although β-particle RITs targeting CD20 are effective with low toxicity in patients with relapsed/refractory indolent or transformed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, these treatments have not gained popularity because of the increasing availability of new therapies. RIT using single-domain antibodies is expected to improve tumor penetrance and reduce radiation exposure to non-target organs. To enhance RIT efficacy, α-particle RIT and pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) are currently being developed. Alpha-particle RIT demonstrates substantial antitumor activity and reduced bystander effects due to its high linear energy transfer and short particle range. PRIT may increase the tumor-to-whole body dose ratio.
{"title":"Continuing progress in radioimmunotherapy for hematologic malignancies","authors":"Hiroki Goto , Yoshioki Shiraishi , Seiji Okada","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) involves combining a cytotoxic radionuclide with an antibody (Ab) targeting a tumor antigen. Compared with conventional therapies, RIT improves the therapeutic efficacy of Ab and ameliorates toxicity. This comprehensive review describes the current advancements and future prospects in RIT for treating hematologic malignancies based on recent investigations. Although β-particle RITs targeting CD20 are effective with low toxicity in patients with relapsed/refractory indolent or transformed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, these treatments have not gained popularity because of the increasing availability of new therapies. RIT using single-domain antibodies is expected to improve tumor penetrance and reduce radiation exposure to non-target organs. To enhance RIT efficacy, α-particle RIT and pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) are currently being developed. Alpha-particle RIT demonstrates substantial antitumor activity and reduced bystander effects due to its high linear energy transfer and short particle range. PRIT may increase the tumor-to-whole body dose ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101250"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101243
Robert Bagnall , Danielle Guy , Rebecca L. Morgan , Ifeoluwa Babatunde , Agathe Nevière , Gabriela Friedrich , Liga Bennetts , Omar Irfan , Isaac Odame
Background
Detection of sickle cell disease (SCD) could be improved with greater use of point-of-care testing (POCT). This review assessed the accuracy of POCTs for SCD in children and adolescents.
Methods
We systematically searched EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane libraries, registries and conference proceedings from inception to 28th February 2023. We included cross-sectional and case-control studies that tested for SCD using POCTs and reference tests in individuals aged 0–19. We conducted meta-analysis to assess sensitivity and specificity of individual POCTs.
Findings
The review included 31 studies overall, with 20 covering lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) and four covering micro-engineered electrophoresis. When detecting homozygous SCD, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of the included LFIAs and micro-engineered electrophoresis POCTs was 92 % or higher in all individual meta-analyses. Sensitivities and specificities were also nearly 100 % when detecting haemoglobin SC disease for these POCTs.
{"title":"Point-of-care diagnostic test accuracy in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Robert Bagnall , Danielle Guy , Rebecca L. Morgan , Ifeoluwa Babatunde , Agathe Nevière , Gabriela Friedrich , Liga Bennetts , Omar Irfan , Isaac Odame","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Detection of sickle cell disease (SCD) could be improved with greater use of point-of-care testing (POCT). This review assessed the accuracy of POCTs for SCD in children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane libraries, registries and conference proceedings from inception to 28th February 2023. We included cross-sectional and case-control studies that tested for SCD using POCTs and reference tests in individuals aged 0–19. We conducted meta-analysis to assess sensitivity and specificity of individual POCTs.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The review included 31 studies overall, with 20 covering lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) and four covering micro-engineered electrophoresis. When detecting homozygous SCD, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of the included LFIAs and micro-engineered electrophoresis POCTs was 92 % or higher in all individual meta-analyses. Sensitivities and specificities were also nearly 100 % when detecting haemoglobin SC disease for these POCTs.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>POCTs could be used to accurately diagnose SCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101243"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101254
David Kegyes , Vlad Moisoiu , Catalin Constantinescu , Alina Tanase , Gabriel Ghiaur , Hermann Einsele , Ciprian Tomuleasa , Hillard M. Lazarus , Robert Peter Gale
Chemo- and immune therapies administered to treat haematologic malignancies frequently cause neurologic injury. The adverse events range from mild cognitive impairment and headaches to severe conditions such as seizures, stroke and encephalitis. We performed a comprehensive literature review and report the types, mechanisms, management and prevention of neuro-toxicity resulting from these therapies in subjects who develop these toxic effects. Our paper will not discuss radiation therapy, as it has already been extensively reviewed by many authors. Our focus will be on recently developed anti-cancer drugs.
{"title":"Neuro-toxicities of chemo- and immune-therapies in haematologic malignancies: from mechanism to management","authors":"David Kegyes , Vlad Moisoiu , Catalin Constantinescu , Alina Tanase , Gabriel Ghiaur , Hermann Einsele , Ciprian Tomuleasa , Hillard M. Lazarus , Robert Peter Gale","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2024.101254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemo- and immune therapies administered to treat haematologic malignancies frequently cause neurologic injury. The adverse events range from mild cognitive impairment and headaches to severe conditions such as seizures, stroke and encephalitis. We performed a comprehensive literature review and report the types, mechanisms, management and prevention of neuro-toxicity resulting from these therapies in subjects who develop these toxic effects. Our paper will not discuss radiation therapy, as it has already been extensively reviewed by many authors. Our focus will be on recently developed anti-cancer drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 101254"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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